JPH05249422A - Production of liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently produce the liquid crystal display element which is reduced in the thickness of one substrate at a good yield. CONSTITUTION:A pair of glass substrates 11, 12 each having an area for plural pieces of liquid crystal display elements are adhered via sealing materials 13 respectively enclosing the liquid crystal sealing regions of the respective element blocks thereof and an outer peripheral sealing material 14 enclosing all of the respective element blocks to assemble an element assemblage 10. The outside surface of one of the two substrates 11, 12 of the respective element blocks is then etched to reduce the thickness of this substrate and thereafter, the element assemblage 10 is separated to the individual elements.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a liquid crystal display device is manufactured by a method of simultaneously assembling a plurality of devices at once.

In this manufacturing method, a transparent electrode for display and an alignment film are formed in each element section of a pair of glass substrates having an area for a plurality of liquid crystal display elements, and the pair of substrates is used as one substrate. The liquid crystal encapsulation area of each of the element compartments is respectively surrounded and adhered through a printed sealant to assemble an element assembly in which a plurality of liquid crystal display elements are arranged, and thereafter,
This is a method of dividing both substrates of this element assembly into each element by dividing each element section, and each separated element is
Then, liquid crystal is injected into the liquid crystal filling area from the liquid crystal injection port provided in a part of the sealing material to seal the liquid crystal injection port, and the front and back surfaces of the device (outer surfaces of both substrates) are polarized respectively. A plate is adhered to form a liquid crystal display element.

Incidentally, in the method of sealing the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal display element, before adhering the pair of substrates, an appropriate amount of the liquid crystal is dropped and supplied to the liquid crystal sealing area of each element section of one substrate by a dispenser or the like. There is also a method, in this case,
It is not necessary to provide a liquid crystal injection port in the sealing material that surrounds the liquid crystal enclosure area of each element section.

There are two types of liquid crystal display devices, one in which a backlight is arranged behind the liquid crystal display device and the other in which a reflection plate is arranged on the back surface of the device.
As the reflection plate, a transparent light diffusion plate having a light reflection surface formed on the back surface is used.

In the reflective liquid crystal display device, the light is incident through the polarizing plate on the front surface side, and after passing through the liquid crystal layer between both substrates,
The light that is transmitted and blocked by the back side polarizing plate to become image light is reflected by the reflection plate arranged on the outer surface of the back side polarizing plate for display, and this reflection type liquid crystal display element is
It is widely used as a display element for various electronic devices such as watches, calculators, and electronic notebooks.

However, since the reflection type liquid crystal display element observes the image light reflected by the reflection plate from the surface side of the element, when the display is viewed obliquely, the display image shows a bright portion and a dark portion. There is a problem that the boundary with and becomes a blurred image.

This is due to the refraction of light on the back side substrate, and when the display of the reflective liquid crystal display element is viewed from the direction perpendicular to the display surface (front side polarizing plate surface), the back side substrate There is no refraction of the light, so the reflected light reflected by the reflector exits through the same path as when it was incident, but when viewing the display from an oblique direction to the display surface, the light on the back side substrate Due to the refraction of, the path of the reflected light deviates from the path of the incident light, and as a result, the outline of the display image is blurred.

Therefore, in the above reflective liquid crystal display device,
It is desired to make the thickness of the back side substrate as thin as possible, and if the thickness of the back side substrate is made thin, the reflected light due to the refraction of the light at the back side substrate when the display is viewed from an oblique direction is obtained. Since the deviation of the path becomes small, it is possible to obtain a display with a clear contour.

However, when a liquid crystal display device is manufactured by a method of simultaneously assembling a plurality of devices at once as described above, since a large-area glass substrate having an area for a plurality of liquid crystal display devices is used, the liquid crystal Since a thin glass substrate was used from the beginning in the manufacture of display elements, this glass substrate was unable to withstand the pressure applied to the substrate when assembling the element assembly by bonding a pair of substrates with a sealing material, and cracked. I will end up. Therefore, when a liquid crystal display element is manufactured by the above manufacturing method, it is necessary to use a glass substrate having a thickness of about 0.3 mm or more even if it is thin.

Therefore, conventionally, an element assembly is assembled by using a glass substrate having a thickness of about 0.3 mm to 1.1 mm, the element assembly is separated into individual elements, and one of the liquid crystal display elements is The liquid crystal display element is manufactured by mechanically polishing the outer surface of the glass substrate (the substrate on the back surface on which the reflecting plate is arranged) of (1) to reduce the thickness of one substrate.

In this manufacturing method, the surface of the glass substrate is polished after the element assembly is separated into individual elements. This is because the glass substrate will break.

[0013]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional manufacturing method, the back side substrate of each liquid crystal display element is thinly polished after separating the element assembly into individual elements. However, there is a problem that the manufacturing efficiency of the liquid crystal display element is low and therefore the manufacturing cost of the liquid crystal display element is high.

Moreover, in the above conventional manufacturing method, since the outer surface of the glass substrate is mechanically polished to reduce its thickness, it is difficult to evenly polish the substrate surface. The manufacturing yield of liquid crystal display elements is high because the thickness of the liquid crystal display element is defective and the glass surface generated by chipping off the corners of the substrate during polishing damages the substrate surface. There was a problem that it was bad.

The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object thereof is to efficiently manufacture a liquid crystal display device in which one of the substrates has a small thickness with a good yield. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device capable of performing the above.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a pair of glass substrates having an area for a plurality of liquid crystal display elements, a sealing material surrounding each liquid crystal enclosing region of each element section, and all of the element sections are provided. After assembling the element assembly by adhering it through the outer peripheral sealing material surrounding the substrate, the outer surface of one of the substrates of each of the element sections is etched to reduce the thickness of the substrate, and then the element is formed. The feature is that the assembly is separated into individual elements.

[0017]

That is, according to the present invention, the thickness of one substrate of each liquid crystal display element is collectively reduced by etching the outer surface of one of the two substrates of each element section in the element assembly state. It is a thing. In this case, since the inside of the element assembly is sealed by the outer peripheral sealing material that surrounds all of the element sections, the inside of the element assembly is not exposed to the etching atmosphere when the outer surface of the substrate is etched, and therefore, The inner surface of the substrate is not damaged by etching.

Further, in the present invention, since the thickness of one substrate of each element section is reduced in the state of the element assembly, each element which is subsequently separated by dividing the element assembly is All of them are elements in which the thickness of one of the substrates is already thin, and therefore, a liquid crystal display element in which the thickness of one of the substrates is thin can be efficiently manufactured. Moreover, in the present invention,
Since the outer surface of the substrate is etched to reduce the thickness of the substrate, the substrate can be uniformly thinned, and the substrate is not damaged like mechanical polishing.
Good manufacturing yield.

[0019]

【Example】

 [First Embodiment]

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
Will be described. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display element at each manufacturing step. The liquid crystal display element is manufactured by the following steps. (Process 1)

First, as shown in FIG. 1A, a pair of glass substrates 11 and 12 having an area for a plurality of liquid crystal display elements.
The element assembly 10 is assembled by adhering the two through the sealing material 13 that surrounds the liquid crystal enclosing area of each element section and the outer peripheral sealing material 14 that surrounds all of the element sections.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the element assembly 10. In this element assembly 10, after the etching process of the outer surface of the substrate, which will be described later, is completed, both substrates 11 and 12 are indicated by a chain line. The individual elements are separated by breaking along the dividing lines a and b shown.

The glass substrates 11 and 12 have a thickness (about 0.
3 mm to 1.1 mm), each element partition portion surrounded by a dividing line a of the lower substrate (hereinafter referred to as the lower substrate) 11 in FIG. 1 becomes a front surface side substrate A of the liquid crystal display element, Each element partition portion of the upper substrate (hereinafter, referred to as an upper substrate) 12 surrounded by a dividing line b becomes a rear substrate B of the liquid crystal display element.

Then, a transparent electrode for display and an alignment film are formed in each element section of both substrates 11 and 12. Although the transparent electrode and the alignment film are not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the transparent electrode is, for example, a plurality of segment electrodes 15 having a pattern as shown in FIG. 3 and a common electrode facing these segment electrodes 15. 16 (see FIG. 4), in this embodiment, the segment electrodes 15 are formed in all the element sections of the lower substrate 11, and the common electrodes 16 are formed in all the element sections of the upper substrate 12. 3 and 4, 17 and 18 are the alignment films. The alignment films 17 and 18 are made of polyimide, for example, and the film surfaces thereof are rubbed.

Further, one side edge portion of each element section of the lower substrate 11 (front surface side substrate A of the liquid crystal display element) is a terminal array portion which extends to the outside of the sealing material 13 which surrounds the liquid crystal enclosed area. .. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, terminals 15a of the segment electrodes 15 and terminals 16a of the common electrodes 16 formed on the upper substrate 12 are formed in the terminal arrangement portion, and the upper substrate 12 side After separating the element assembly 10 into individual elements, the common electrode 16 is electrically connected to the terminal 16a formed on the lower substrate 11 by the conductive paste 19 or the like outside the sealing material 13. The element assembly 10
Is assembled as follows.

First, of the lower substrate 11 in which the segment electrodes 15 and the alignment film 17 are formed in each element section, and the upper substrate 12 in which the common electrode 16 and the alignment film 18 are formed in each element section, respectively. , A sealing material 13 surrounding the liquid crystal encapsulation region of each element section on one substrate surface.
And the outer peripheral sealing material 14 that surrounds all of the element sections are simultaneously printed by a screen printing method or the like. An adhesive having a high etching selection ratio with respect to the glass substrates 11 and 12 (epoxy resin adhesive or the like) is used for the sealing materials 13 and 14. In addition, the seal material 13 of each element section is printed with a part thereof leaving a gap to be the liquid crystal injection port 13a, and the outer peripheral seal material 14 is printed with a part leaving a gap to be the vent hole 14a.

Next, the pair of glass substrates 11 and 12 are overlapped with their element sections facing each other, and the substrates 11 and 12 are bonded to each other via the sealing materials 13 and 14. In this case, the space between the substrates 11 and 12 is exposed to the outside through the liquid crystal injection port 13a provided in a part of the sealing material 13 of each element section and the ventilation port 14a provided in a part of the outer peripheral sealing material 14. Since they are communicated with each other, the air pressure between the two substrates 11 and 12 does not increase, and therefore the two substrates 11 and
The two can be adhered over the entire area at uniform intervals.

After the element assembly 10 is assembled in this manner, the vent hole 1 provided in a part of the outer peripheral seal material 14 is provided.
4a is sealed with a sealing material (epoxy resin adhesive or the like) 20 having a high etching selection ratio with the glass substrates 11 and 12,
The inside of the element assembly 10 is sealed. (Process 2)

Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), of the two substrates 11 and 12 of the element assembly 10, a substrate to be the front surface side substrate of the liquid crystal display device, for example, the outer surface of the lower substrate 11, is formed. A resist mask 21 that covers the entire surface is formed. (Process 3)

Next, both substrates 11 of the element assembly 10 are
Out of 12, an upper substrate 1 which is a back side substrate of a liquid crystal display element
The outer surface of 2 is etched to reduce the thickness of the upper substrate 12 as shown in FIG. 1 (c).

The outer surface of the upper substrate 12 is etched by using a hydrofluoric acid-based etching solution and immersing the element assembly 10 in the etching solution. in this way,
When the element assembly 10 is immersed in the etching solution, the lower substrate 11 of the two substrates 11 and 12 of the element assembly 10 whose outer surfaces are covered with the resist mask 21 is not etched, but is exposed to the etching solution. Is etched from its outer surface and becomes thinner. The etching time of the upper substrate 12 may be set according to the thickness of the substrate to be finally obtained. By controlling the etching time, the thickness of the upper substrate 12 is 0.2 mm to 0 mm. ．
It can be thinned to 1 mm.

In this case, since the upper substrate 12 is etched in the etching liquid in a state where no mechanical force is applied, even if the thickness of the upper substrate 12 in the element assembly 10 is reduced, Since no cracks occur in 12 and the etching of the upper substrate 12 progresses uniformly over the entire substrate surface, the upper substrate 12 can be thinned uniformly over the entire surface.

Even when the element assembly 10 is dipped in the etching solution, the inside of the element assembly 10 encloses all of the element compartments and the vent hole 14a is sealed with the sealing material 19 to provide a peripheral sealing material. Since it is sealed by 14, the inside of the element assembly 10 is not exposed to the etching liquid, which is an etching atmosphere, and therefore the inner surfaces of the substrates 11 and 12 are not etched and damaged.

Further, in this case, while the outer surface of the upper substrate 12 which is the substrate to be etched is being etched, the upper substrate 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the lower substrate 11 whose outer surface is covered with the resist mask 21 are also etched. But both boards 1
Until the outer peripheral surfaces of 1 and 12 recede inward from the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral seal material 14, the outer peripheral seal material 14 prevents the etchant from entering the element assembly 10. As long as the outer peripheral sealing material 14 is provided with a certain distance from the outer peripheral edge of the substrate and the outer peripheral sealing material 14 has a sufficiently large width, there is no problem even if the outer peripheral surfaces of both substrates 11 and 12 are etched.

As described above, after the outer surface of the upper substrate 12 is etched in the state of the element assembly 10, the element assembly 10 is promptly washed to completely remove the etching liquid adhering to the element assembly 10. After that, the resist mask 21 is peeled off from the lower substrate 11. (Process 4)

Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), the two substrates 11 and 12 of the element assembly 10 are connected to each other by the above-mentioned dividing line a,
The device assembly 10 is cut along the line b to separate the device assembly 10 into individual devices. FIG. 1E shows one separated element. (Process 5)

After this, the back side substrate B of each separated element
The common electrode 6 formed on the front surface side substrate A and the common electrode terminal 6a formed on the terminal array portion of the front surface side substrate A are connected to the conductive paste 19 and the like outside the sealing material 13 as shown in FIGS. Liquid crystal injection port 13 provided in a part of the sealing material 13 in each element.
A liquid crystal LC is injected from a by a vacuum injection method, and the liquid crystal injection port 13a is sealed with a sealing resin 22 as shown in FIG.
Thereafter, a polarizing plate is adhered to each of the front and back surfaces of the device (outer surfaces of both substrates A and B), and a reflection plate is further adhered to the outer surface of the polarizing plate on the back surface side to complete a reflective liquid crystal display device. ..

FIG. 5 shows a completed liquid crystal display element. In FIG. 5, reference numerals 23 and 24 denote polarizing plates adhered to the outer surfaces of both substrates A and B, respectively, and 25 denotes a reflection plate adhered to the outer surface of the back side polarizing plate 24. The reflection plate 25 is a transparent light. A light reflecting surface is formed on the back surface of the diffusion plate.

In this liquid crystal display element, since the thickness of the back surface side substrate B is thin, the deviation of the path of the reflected light due to the refraction of light on the back surface side substrate B when the display is viewed from the oblique direction. Is small and therefore a sharp display of the contour can be obtained.

Further, in this liquid crystal display element, the thickness of the front surface side substrate A is the same as that at the time of assembling the element assembly 10 (about 0.3 mm to 1.1 mm). The strength of the substrate A is high, and therefore the strength of the liquid crystal display element is also sufficient. Therefore, when the liquid crystal display element is connected to the drive circuit, even if pressure is applied to the terminal arrangement portion (one side edge portion of the front surface side substrate A) of the liquid crystal display element, the liquid crystal display element is not destroyed. Absent.

In the above manufacturing method, in the state of the element assembly 10, both substrates of each element section, that is, the outer surface of the back side substrate B section of the front side and back side substrates A and B of the liquid crystal display element. Since the thickness of one substrate of each liquid crystal display element is collectively thinned by etching, all the elements already separated from each other by dividing the element assembly 10 thereafter. It is an element in which the thickness of one of the substrates is thin, and therefore, a liquid crystal display element in which the thickness of one of the substrates is thin can be efficiently manufactured.

Moreover, in the above manufacturing method, since the outer surface of the substrate is etched to reduce the thickness of the substrate, the substrate can be uniformly thinned, and the substrate is damaged by mechanical polishing. Since it does not occur, the manufacturing yield of the liquid crystal display device is good. [Second Embodiment]

In the first embodiment, a substrate in which electrodes provided on the front substrate of the liquid crystal display element (segment electrodes in the first embodiment) and terminals of electrodes on both front and back substrates are formed in all the element compartments An element assembly 10 is assembled by using 11 and a substrate 12 on which electrodes (common electrodes in the first embodiment) provided on the back side substrate of the liquid crystal display element are formed in all the element sections, and the thickness of one of the substrates is assembled. Although the element assembly 10 is made thin, terminals for electrodes provided on the front side substrate of the liquid crystal display element and electrodes for both front and back substrates are formed in every other element section, and the back surface is provided in the other element section. You may assemble using a pair of glass which formed the electrode provided in a side board, and in that case,
It is sufficient to alternately thin each element partition portion of both glass substrates.

That is, FIGS. 6 and 7 show the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view at each manufacturing step showing a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, and FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway plan view of the element assembly 10. 6 and 7, the parts corresponding to those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the duplicated description will be omitted.

First, the structure of the element assembly 10 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 7, the element assembly 10 is arranged in every other element section on the surface side substrate of the liquid crystal display element. Form the electrodes of the electrodes to be provided and the electrodes of the front and back substrates,
A pair of glasses 11 and 12 having electrodes provided on the back side substrate in the other element sections, a sealing material 13 surrounding each liquid crystal enclosing area of each element section, and an outer peripheral sealing material 14 surrounding all of the element sections. This element assembly 10 is assembled by adhering the substrates 11 and 12 together after completion of the etching process of the outer surface of the substrate which will be described later. The individual elements are separated by breaking along.

The glass substrates 11 and 12 have a thickness (about 0.
3 mm to 1.1 mm), and the dividing line a of the lower substrate 11
Every other partition part among the device partition parts surrounded by is the front surface side substrate A of the liquid crystal display element, and the other partition parts are the back surface side substrate B of the liquid crystal display element.
Further, among the respective element partition portions surrounded by the dividing line b of the upper substrate 12, the partition portions facing the front surface side substrate A portion of the lower substrate 11 become the rear surface side substrate B of the liquid crystal display element respectively, and The partition portions facing the back surface side substrate B portion become the front surface side substrate A of the liquid crystal display element.

Although not shown, both substrates 11 and 12
In each element section of the above, the transparent electrode for display and the alignment film provided on the front surface side substrate of the liquid crystal display element are respectively formed in the front surface side substrate A portion, and the back surface side substrate B portion is provided in each liquid crystal display element. A transparent electrode for display and an alignment film provided on the back-side substrate are formed.

Further, one side edge portion of the front surface side substrate A portion of both substrates 11 and 12 is a terminal array portion which extends to the outside of the sealing material 13 surrounding the liquid crystal enclosing region. The terminals of the electrodes on both the front and back substrates are formed in this terminal arrangement portion, and the electrodes on the back substrate B portion are electrically conductive outside the sealing material 13 after separating the element assembly 10 into individual elements. It is electrically connected to the terminal of the front side substrate A portion by a paste or the like.

A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element according to this embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, first, the element assembly 10 shown in FIGS. 6A and 7 is assembled, and then, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a resist mask 2 is provided on the outer surface of each of the substrates 1 and 2 to cover the front-side substrate A of each element section.
1 is formed.

Next, the element assembly 10 is dipped in an etching solution to make a back surface side substrate B portion of each element section of both substrates 11 and 12 of the element assembly 10 which is not covered with the resist mask 21. The outer surfaces of the two substrates 11 and 1 are etched.
As shown in FIG. 6C, the thickness of the back side substrate B of 2 is thinned to a desired thickness. After the etching of the outer surface of the substrate, the element assembly 10 is quickly washed, and then the resist mask 21 is peeled off from both the substrates 11 and 12.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (d), both the substrates 11 and 12 of the element assembly 10 are broken along the dividing lines a and b, and the element assembly 10 is divided into individual elements. To separate. FIG. 6E shows one separated element.

After this, as in the first embodiment, the electrodes formed on the back surface side substrate B and the terminals formed in the terminal array portion of the front surface side substrate A of each separated element are sealed. A conductive paste or the like is electrically connected to the outside of the material 13, and liquid crystal LC is injected into each element by a vacuum injection method to seal the liquid crystal injection port 13a, and thereafter, the front and back surfaces of the element (both substrates A and B). A polarizing plate is adhered to each outer surface of the polarizing plate, and a reflective plate is further adhered to the outer surface of the polarizing plate on the back surface side to complete a reflective liquid crystal display element.

Also in this embodiment, the outer surface of the back side substrate B of the both substrates of each element section in the state of the element assembly 10, that is, the front side and back side substrates A and B of the liquid crystal display element. Since the thickness of one substrate of each liquid crystal display element is collectively reduced by etching,
It is possible to efficiently manufacture a liquid crystal display device in which one of the substrates is thin, and to make the substrate uniform by etching the outer surface of the substrate to reduce the thickness of the substrate. Moreover, since the substrate is not damaged, the liquid crystal display device can be manufactured with high yield. [Other embodiments]

In the above first and second embodiments,
The etching of the outer surface of the substrate in the state of the element assembly 10 is performed by immersing the element assembly 10 in an etching solution. The etching of the outer surface of the substrate is performed by spraying the etching solution on the element assembly 10. Alternatively, it may be performed by dry etching.

In the above embodiment, the liquid crystal is injected into each liquid crystal display element after the element assembly 10 is separated into individual liquid crystal display elements. Before assembling the element assembly 10 by adhering, it may be dropped and supplied by a dispenser or the like to the liquid crystal filling area of each element section of one glass substrate. In that case, a sealing material surrounding the liquid crystal filling area of each element section. It is not necessary to provide a liquid crystal injection port in 3.

[0056]

According to the present invention, the thickness of this substrate is reduced by etching the outer surface of one of the two substrates of each element section in the state of the element assembly, and then the element assembly is individually separated. Since it is separated into elements, it is possible to efficiently manufacture a liquid crystal display element in which one of the substrates is thin, and the outer surface of the substrate is etched to reduce the thickness of the substrate. In addition, since the substrate can be uniformly thinned and the substrate is not damaged, the liquid crystal display device can be manufactured with high yield.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view at each manufacturing step showing a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the element assembly shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view of a liquid crystal display device separated from the device assembly after being filled with liquid crystal.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the completed liquid crystal display element.

6A and 6B are cross-sectional views at each manufacturing step showing a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway plan view of the element assembly shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Element assembly, 11, 12 ... Glass substrate, A ... Front side substrate, B ... Back side substrate, 13 ... Seal material, 14 ... Peripheral seal material, 21 ... Resist mask.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pair of glass substrates having an area for a plurality of liquid crystal display elements, with a sealing material surrounding each liquid crystal enclosing area of each element section and an outer peripheral sealing material surrounding all of the element sections. After assembling the element assembly by bonding with each other, the outer surface of one of the two substrates of each element section is etched to reduce the thickness of this substrate, and then the element assembly is separated into individual elements. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, comprising: