JPH05243842A - Plane antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a plane antenna in which a side lobe is hardly generated in the elevation angle direction and the azimuth direction to a satellite by suppressing deterioration of the gain. CONSTITUTION:A first and a second radiation circuit boards 3, 5 consist of an aluminum plate, and apertures 9, 7 are punched and formed as radiation elements. A feed probe 10a of a feeding circuit 10 of a first feeding circuit board 2, and a feed probe 8a of a feeding circuit 8 of a second feeding circuit board 4, which are coupled electromagnetically to the apertures 9, 7 are inclined by 45 deg. against the array direction of the apertures 9, 7 and extended and formed from feeders of the feeding circuits 10, 8, and subjected to rotational arrangement so as to become vertical or horizontal in accordance with the direction of a polarized wave. In this case, the array direction of the apertures 9, 7 of the radiation circuit boards 3, 5 is inclined by 45 deg. against a shaft in the horizontal direction (this horizontal direction shows the equal direction or the orthogonal direction to the direction of the polarized wave to be transmitted and received) and generation of a side lobe to the elevation angle direction and the azimuth direction of a satellite is made extremely small.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plane antenna for receiving a linearly polarized radio wave represented by a communication satellite.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional broadcast satellite receiving plane antennas have been proposed which are formed by bending a strip line into a crank shape or are formed by a plurality of patch elements. However, these planar antennas generally have a narrow band, and it is difficult to have sufficient performance in the entire broadcast band extending from 300 to 400 MHz. Furthermore, the loss from the power supply circuit is large and it is difficult to improve the efficiency.

Therefore, a triplate type planar antenna comprising a ground conductor plate, a feeding circuit plate and a radiating circuit plate has been developed for high efficiency and wide band, and has reached the same level of reception performance as a parabolic antenna. However, in order to support communication satellites, it is essential to develop an antenna that can handle two types of polarized waves in the horizontal and vertical directions, and it is also necessary to prevent interference from adjacent satellites.

Further, since it is an array antenna, there has been a problem that side lobes occur and interference from an adjacent satellite cannot be ignored.

[0005]

In view of the above, there has heretofore been proposed a planar antenna constructed by sequentially stacking two kinds of feeding circuits and radiating circuits as seen in US Pat. No. 4,929,959. There has been a problem that the cost increases and the variation in performance is large with the increase of.

Further, since it is an array antenna, there has been a problem that side lobes occur and interference from adjacent satellites cannot be ignored. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a planar antenna in which the side lobes in the elevation angle direction and the horizontal direction with respect to a satellite are extremely small while suppressing a decrease in gain. is there.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a planar antenna according to the invention of claim 1 comprises a ground conductor,
A first feeding circuit, a first radiating circuit in which a plurality of radiating elements are arranged, a second feeding circuit, and a second radiating circuit in which a plurality of radiating elements are arranged are sequentially isolated via a dielectric layer. In the planar antenna in which the first feeding circuit and the first radiating circuit are stacked and arranged so as to generate orthogonal polarization with respect to the second feeding circuit and the second feeding circuit, The arrangement direction of each radiating element of the radiating circuit of 2 is inclined approximately 45 ° with respect to the axis of the horizontal direction (this horizontal direction indicates a direction equal to or orthogonal to the direction of polarized waves to be transmitted / received), and The feeding probes of the first and second feeding circuits that are electromagnetically coupled to the radiating element of the radiating circuit are formed so as to be parallel to the horizontal axis in one feeding circuit, and in the other feeding circuit. Formed so that it is vertical to the horizontal direction, the power supply It is obtained by orthogonally arranged drive.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, the radiating element of the radiating circuit is composed of an aperture formed of a hole formed in a metal plate. Claim 3
According to the described invention, in addition to the configuration of the invention according to claim 1, a conductor element is arranged in the vicinity of the power supply probe of the second power supply circuit without contacting the power supply probe. According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, each radiating element of the first radiating circuit has an aperture formed by one or a plurality of holes formed in a metal plate.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, a corresponding feeding probe of the second feeding circuit is further provided in the projection of the radiating element of the second radiating circuit. The corresponding radiating element of the first radiating circuit and the feeding probe of the first feeding circuit corresponding to the radiating element,
Arranged so that the feeding probes of the second feeding circuit are orthogonal to each other.
To do.

[0010]

In the planar antenna of the present invention, the arrangement direction of the radiating elements of the first and second radiating circuits is inclined by about 45 ° with respect to the horizontal axis. Even if a lobe occurs, side lobes do not occur in the elevation and azimuth directions with respect to the satellite, so that interference from adjacent satellites can be extremely reduced, and the feeding probe that is electromagnetically coupled to each radiating element is described above. Since the first and second power supply circuits are extended and formed so as to be parallel or perpendicular to the horizontal axis, it is possible to suppress a decrease in gain and to secure a gain that is almost the same as the conventional one. It was

Further, the radiating elements of the first and second radiating circuits are
Since it is composed of the aperture formed of the holes formed in the metal plate, the first and second radiation circuits can be manufactured by punching the metal plate, and thus can be manufactured at low cost.
Further, since it is also excellent in rigidity, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the interval between each radiation circuit and each power supply circuit, and stabilize the antenna performance.

Further, by disposing the conductor element in the vicinity of the power supply probe of the second power supply circuit without contacting the power supply probe, the antenna efficiency can be further improved.

[0013]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. (Embodiment 1) A planar antenna of the present embodiment has a ground conductor plate 1 forming each circuit layer of the planar antenna as shown in an exploded perspective view of FIG. First
The power supply circuit board 2, the first radiating circuit board 3, the second power supplying circuit board 4, and the second radiating circuit board 5 are sequentially laminated so as to be separated from each other by a dielectric 6 made of a foamed plastic sheet. It Air may be used as the dielectric 6 to form a space layer between the plates 1 to 5.

The second radiating circuit board 5 located at the top
Is made of, for example, a metal plate such as aluminum having a thickness of 0.4 mm, and an aperture 7 made of, for example, a circular hole having a diameter of 16 mm is used as a radiating element. Formed by punching. The second power supply circuit board 4, which is arranged below the second radiating circuit board 5 with a certain interval, is made of a laminated plate in which a metal conductor is laminated on a dielectric film made of a plastic film, and the metal conductor is etched. A feeding probe 8a which forms a pattern of the feeding circuit 8 and is electromagnetically coupled to each aperture 7 of the second radiation circuit board 5 described above.
Are extended from the feeding line of the feeding circuit 8 so as to be inclined at 45 ° with respect to the arrangement direction of the apertures 7.

The first radiating circuit board 3 which is arranged below the second power feeding circuit board 4 with a predetermined space therebetween is, for example, 0.4 m.
The radiating element includes an aperture 9 made of a metal plate such as aluminum having a thickness of m and formed on both sides of a metal portion having a width of 3 mm and including a pair of semicircular holes forming a circle having a diameter of 15 mm including the metal portion. This aperture 9 is formed by punching out 16 rows and 16 columns at 23 mm intervals like the second radiation circuit board 5.

The first feeding circuit board 2 which is arranged below the first radiating circuit board 3 with a certain space therebetween is similar to the first feeding circuit board 4 in that a dielectric film made of a plastic film is used as a metal conductor. And a pattern of the power supply circuit 10 is formed by etching the metal conductor, and each aperture 9 of the first radiation circuit board 3 is formed.
The feeding probe 10a electromagnetically coupled to the feeding probe 10a of the feeding circuit 10 is inclined 45 ° with respect to the arrangement direction of the apertures 9 and is orthogonal to the feeding probe 8 of the second feeding circuit board 4. It is extended from the electric wire.

The ground conductor plate 1, which is arranged below the first power supply circuit plate 2 with a certain interval, is made of a metal plate such as a commercially available aluminum plate having a thickness of 2 mm. Thus, as described above, the ground conductor plate 1, the first feeding circuit plate 2, the first radiating circuit plate 3, the second feeding circuit plate 4, and the second radiating circuit plate 5 are connected via the dielectric 4. When laminated, as shown in FIG.
In the projection of the aperture 7 of the lower second feed circuit board 4
The power supply probe 8a, the aperture 9 of the first radiation circuit board 3, and the power supply probe 10a of the first power supply circuit board 2 are respectively arranged, and the power supply probe 8a and the power supply probe 10a are arranged orthogonally.

FIG. 3 shows an antenna body constructed in this way.
As shown in FIG. 4, the feeding probe 8a of the feeding circuit board 4 is perpendicular to the horizontal axis so as to correspond to the vertically polarized wave,
In addition, the feeding probe 10a of the feeding circuit board 2 should be parallel to the horizontal axis so as to correspond to the horizontal polarization.
By arranging them by 5 ° rotation, a dual type planar antenna corresponding to vertical polarization and horizontal polarization will be completed. At this time, the arrangement direction of the apertures 7 of the second radiating circuit board 3 and the apertures 9 of the first radiating circuit board 5 is the horizontal direction (the horizontal direction is the same direction as or orthogonal to the direction of polarized waves to be transmitted and received). 45 ° with respect to the axis (shown). The metal portion of 3 mm passing through the center of the aperture 9 is exactly the feeding probe 10a of the first feeding circuit board 2 as shown in FIG.
Orthogonal to.

When the reception characteristics of the planar antenna of the present embodiment configured as described above were measured, it was confirmed that two types of linearly polarized waves in the horizontal and vertical directions could be efficiently received, and the respective VSWR, When the gain and cross polarization characteristics were measured, it was found that an efficiency of 64% or more and a cross polarization characteristic of 25 dB or more were obtained over a wide band (1 GHz) of 11.5 to 12.5 GHz. It could be confirmed.

Further, when the side lobe pattern inclined by 45 ° with respect to the arrangement direction of the apertures 7 and 9 was measured, the side lobes in the elevation angle direction and the azimuth angle direction of the satellite were suppressed to approximately -25 dB or less. I found out. (Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, FIGS. 5A to 5F are provided in the vicinity of the power supply probe 8a of the second power supply circuit board 4 of the first embodiment.
The conductor element (parasitic element) 11 having the shape as shown in FIG. The other configurations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

Thus, even with the planar antenna of this embodiment, the side lobes in the elevation and azimuth directions of the satellite are approximately -25 dB.
It was confirmed that it was possible to efficiently receive two types of linearly polarized waves in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, which were suppressed below, and the respective VSWR, gain, and cross polarization characteristics were measured, and 11.5 to 12. Wide band of 2 GHz (700 MHz)
It was confirmed that an efficiency of 70% or more and a cross polarization characteristic of 25 dB or more were obtained over the range.

(Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, instead of the shape of the aperture 9 of the first radiating circuit board 3 of Embodiment 1, as shown in FIGS. An aperture 9a consisting of arcuate holes, or an aperture 9b consisting of one circular hole, an aperture 9c consisting of three holes in the central and upper and lower parts and forming a circular shape as a whole, and further consisting of two upper and lower holes. The shape of the metal of the sandwiched portion is such that the center is substantially circular and has protruding portions on both sides, and an aperture 9d or the like that forms a square overall shape including the above two holes is used.

In this embodiment, the aperture 9a having any shape is used.
Even if ~ 9d is used, the side lobes in the elevation and azimuth directions of the satellite are suppressed to approximately -25 dB or less as in the first embodiment, and two types of linearly polarized waves in the horizontal and vertical directions are efficiently received. You can confirm that you can, each VSW
I measured R, gain, and cross polarization characteristics. 11.
Over a wide band (700 MHz) of 5 to 12.2 GHz,
It was confirmed that an efficiency of 64% or more and a cross polarization characteristic of 25 dB or more were obtained.

The first and second radiating circuit boards 3 and 5 in each of the above-mentioned embodiments are made of aluminum plates and the apertures 9 and 7 are punched out. The first and second radiating circuit boards in which the apertures 9 and 7 are respectively formed by etching the above may be used, and in this case also, the antenna performance similar to that of each of the above-described embodiments can be obtained.

[0025]

According to the present invention, since the arrangement direction of the radiating elements of the first and second radiating circuit boards is inclined by about 45 ° with respect to the horizontal axis, side lobes are generated in the arranging direction of the radiating elements. However, side lobes do not occur in the elevation direction and the azimuth direction with respect to the satellite, so that the interference by the adjacent satellites can be extremely reduced, and the first and second electromagnetic coupling to each radiating element is possible. Since the power supply probe of the power supply circuit is extended from the power supply circuit so as to be vertical or horizontal with respect to the horizontal axis, it is possible to suppress a decrease in gain and obtain a gain that is almost the same as the conventional one. There is.

Further, since the radiating element of each radiating circuit is composed of the aperture formed of the hole formed in the metal plate, the radiating circuit can be manufactured by punching the metal plate, and thus can be manufactured at low cost. Also, because it has excellent rigidity,
It is possible to improve the accuracy of the distance between each radiating circuit and the feeding circuit and stabilize the antenna performance.

Further, by disposing the conductor element in the vicinity of the power supply probe of the second power supply circuit without contacting the power supply probe, the antenna efficiency can be further enhanced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention with a part thereof omitted.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view in which a part of the first embodiment of the present invention is omitted.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged top view of the first embodiment of the present invention with a part thereof omitted.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged top view with a part of the main part of the first embodiment of the present invention omitted.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a conductor element arrangement example of a second feeding circuit board according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the shape of the aperture of the first radiation circuit board according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 1st feeding circuit board 3 1st radiating circuit board 4 2nd feeding circuit board 5 2nd radiating circuit board 7 Aperture 8 Feeding circuit 8a Feeding probe 9 Aperture 10 Feeding circuit 10a Feeding probe

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A ground conductor, a first feeding circuit, a first radiating circuit in which a plurality of radiating elements are arranged, and a second feeding circuit.
A second radiating circuit in which a plurality of radiating elements are arranged is sequentially laminated and separated via a dielectric layer, and the first feeding circuit and the first radiating circuit are connected to the second feeding circuit and the second feeding circuit. In a planar antenna arranged to generate orthogonal polarization with respect to and, the radiating elements of the first and second radiating circuits are arranged so that their arranging directions are inclined by about 45 ° with respect to the horizontal axis, The feeding probes of the first and second feeding circuits that are electromagnetically coupled to the radiating element of the circuit are formed so as to be parallel to the horizontal axis in one feeding circuit, and the feeding probe in the other feeding circuit. A planar antenna characterized in that the feeding probes of both feeding circuits are arranged orthogonally to each other so as to be perpendicular to the horizontal direction. 2. The planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein each radiating element of the second radiating circuit is composed of an aperture formed of a hole formed in a metal plate. 3. The planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein a conductor element is arranged in the vicinity of the feeding probe of the second feeding circuit so as not to contact the feeding probe. 4. The planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein each radiating element of the first radiating circuit has an aperture formed by one or a plurality of holes formed in a metal plate. 5. Within the projection of the radiating element of the second radiating circuit, a corresponding feeding probe of the second feeding circuit, a corresponding radiating element of the first radiating circuit and a corresponding radiating element of the first radiating circuit. 2. The planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feeding probe of the first feeding circuit is arranged so that the feeding probes of the first and second feeding circuits are orthogonal to each other.