JPH0524273B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a vinyl wall material for preventing dew condensation. More specifically, in wallpaper, ceiling covering materials, etc.
This invention relates to a sheet-shaped vinyl wall material that prevents the formation of water droplets due to dew condensation and has improved mildew resistance. Paper,
Often used are cloth, nonwoven fabric, or other substrates treated with resin, or plastic sheets themselves. For example, wall materials made of paper, cloth, or non-woven fabric processed with vinyl chloride resin have advantages such as strong tensile and tear strength, excellent water resistance, and the ability to easily wipe away dirt. Since then, it is now used in living rooms, closets, kitchens, toilets, etc. However, this wall material has poor hygroscopicity, so moisture condenses on the surface of the wall material due to large temperature differences between indoors and outdoors, or sudden changes in room temperature or humidity.
It has the disadvantage that it appears as water droplets.
When moisture condenses on the surface, problems such as stains and mold growth occur. Also, especially if there is condensation on the walls of the closet in your residence,
Futons and other items become damp, uncomfortable, and unsanitary. As a means to improve the drawbacks of wall materials made by processing paper, cloth, or nonwoven fabric with vinyl chloride resin, superabsorbent polymers, vinyl chloride resin,
Foamed paper, which is made by applying a paste sol consisting of a plasticizer and foaming agent to a substrate such as paper and then heating it to foam, has high water absorption and water retention properties, so this foamed paper is used to prevent condensation. It has been proposed to be used as wall material (Japanese Patent Publication No.
56-33032). Although the wall material described in this bulletin is highly effective in preventing dew condensation, some of the moisture absorbed by the foam layer transfers to the backing base and the adhesive used to attach the wall material. As a result, the base material in that area may stretch, causing sagging or wrinkles on the surface of the wall material that was neatly pasted, or the adhesive may become moldy or rot, causing the area to deteriorate.
There were points that needed further improvement. In view of these circumstances, the inventors of the present invention conducted further intensive studies on vinyl chloride wall materials that can prevent the generation of water droplets due to dew condensation, and as a result, a foam layer mainly composed of vinyl chloride resin containing super absorbent polymers was developed. By providing a water-impermeable layer between the base layer and the base layer, there will be no wrinkles due to the stretch of the base and no mold will develop in the glue material, and there will be no sagging or peeling from the wall material even after long-term use. They discovered that it could be used as a wall and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a sheet consisting of a resin composition foam layer consisting of a synthetic resin mainly composed of vinyl chloride resin, a superabsorbent polymer, a plasticizer, and any other auxiliary agents, and a base layer covering the foam layer. The present invention provides a vinyl wall material for preventing dew condensation, further comprising a water-impermeable layer between the foam layer and the base layer. Since the vinyl wall material of the present invention is a resin foam containing a super absorbent polymer in the part that comes into contact with the outside air, when the temperature of the wall becomes below the dew point of the air in contact with it and water vapor in the air becomes condensed water. The condensed water is quickly absorbed into the resin and retained within the super absorbent polymer. Therefore, condensation is prevented.
Furthermore, since the resin layer is a foam, condensed water is absorbed into the resin very quickly, and it has excellent dew condensation prevention effects. Furthermore, since this wall material has a water-impermeable layer between the foam layer and the base layer, absorbed moisture does not penetrate to the base, and there is virtually no stretching of the base or deterioration of the adhesive due to moisture. I won't wake you up. Therefore, the vinyl wall material of the present invention has the advantage that when used by pasting it on a wall surface, it remains neatly pasted for a long period of time. The superabsorbent polymer used in the resin composition foam layer of vinyl wall materials absorbs water and expands from several times to several thousand times its weight, and although it retains water, it does not dissolve in water. If there is, it can be anything. just,
If the amount of water absorbed is less than 30 times its own weight, a large amount of super absorbent polymer will be needed to absorb the condensed water, which will reduce the mechanical strength of the vinyl wall material such as tensile strength and tearing. The amount of water absorbed by the superabsorbent polymer used is preferably 30 times or more its own weight. There are no particular restrictions on the shape or particle size of the superabsorbent polymer, but from the viewpoint of processability and physical properties of vinyl wall materials, it is desirable that the particle size be as small as possible, with an average particle size of 100μ or less,
Furthermore, it is better to use a material of 50μ or less. As super absorbent polymers, various known ones,
For example, saponified graft copolymers of starch and acrylonitrile, graft copolymers of starch and acrylic acid or its salts, salts of copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride, and copolymers of isobutylene and maleic anhydride. Crosslinked polymer salts, crosslinked polymers of acrylic acid and/or acrylates (self-crosslinked polymers, crosslinked polymers obtained by polymerization in the coexistence of a crosslinking agent, post-crosslinked polymers, etc.), polyvinyl Salt of reaction product of alcohol and maleic anhydride,
Graft copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol and acrylic acid or its salts, saponified copolymers of vinyl esters and ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, copolymers of vinyl esters and unsaturated polyhydric carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof Saponified copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked products, polyethylene glycol crosslinked products, carboxymethylcellulose crosslinked products, polyvinylpyrrolidone crosslinked products, polyacrylamide crosslinked products, saponified polyacrylonitrile products, and mixtures thereof can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use a superabsorbent polymer made of a polymer electrolyte containing a carboxylic acid and/or its salt having a crosslinked structure because it has a high water absorption capacity and excellent strength after water absorption. . In particular, a copolymer consisting mainly of vinyl ester (X) and ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivative (Y), with a molar ratio of X:Y = 10:90 to 90:10. Compounds are particularly preferred because they have high strength after water absorption, excellent weather resistance and heat resistance in a water-absorbed state, and the dew condensation prevention effect of a wall material for preventing condensation using this compound lasts for a long period of time. The desirable amount of the super absorbent polymer added is in the range of 1 part by weight to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin. If the amount of super absorbent polymer is less than 1 part by weight, the hygroscopicity will be so small that dew condensation cannot be sufficiently prevented;
If it exceeds the weight part, the strength as a wall material will be insufficient. Therefore, it is preferable to use the superabsorbent polymer within the above range, and more preferably from 5 parts by weight to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin.
Used in parts by weight. In the vinyl wall material of the present invention, the vinyl chloride resin used in the resin composition foam layer is a vinyl chloride polymer, a vinyl chloride copolymer, or a mixture thereof, and is polymerized by suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, etc. It may be legally obtained and commonly used, and there are no special restrictions on its type. Furthermore, various modifiers such as other resins such as PMMA, MBS, ABS, EVA, etc. may be added. Plasticizers added to vinyl chloride resin include:
The usual one is used. Furthermore, for flame retardancy, it is desirable to use an organic phosphoric acid plasticizer together. Examples of common plasticizers include phthalate esters such as dioctyl phthalate, dibasic acid esters such as 2-ethylhexyl adipate and dioctyl sebacate, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized linseed oil, and epoxy hexahydrocarbonate. Examples include epoxides such as dioctyl phthalate, poly(propylene adipate), poly(1,3-butylene sebacate), dihydric alcohol esters such as ethylene phthalyl glycol, and chlorinated paraffins. Examples of organic phosphoric acid plasticizers include tricresyl phosphate, cresyl phenyl phosphate, monooctyl diphenyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tributoxyethyl phosphate, and tributyl phosphate. The desired amount of plasticizer used is vinyl chloride resin.
The amount ranges from 30 parts by weight to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight, and within this range, any ratio can be taken depending on the purpose. Furthermore, commonly used adjuvants may be added to the vinyl chloride resin constituting the vinyl wall material of the present invention, if necessary. The addition ratio of adjuvant is
It can be changed as appropriate depending on the desired product. Examples of such adjuvants include stabilizers, inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate and clay, pigments,
Examples include diluents, flame retardants, and fungicides. The resin composition foam constituting the vinyl wall material of the present invention can generally be obtained by any known method for producing vinyl chloride resin foam, and there are no particular restrictions on the production method. For example, a method of heating a paste containing the above-mentioned raw materials to gel it while mechanically creating air bubbles by blowing gas or steam into it or stirring it; A blowing agent that decomposes to generate gas is added and mixed in advance.
A method of heating and gelling and foaming at the same time, or
It can be obtained by heating to gel and then foaming by further heating at a high temperature. Among these methods, the method of using a foaming agent has fine foam cells, uniform distribution, high strength, and a foam with a good finished appearance.
This method is preferable as a method for obtaining a resin composition foam constituting the vinyl wall material of the present invention. Foaming agents that can be used include azodicarbonamide, azobisisobutyronitrile, dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, paratoluenesulfonylhydrazide, 4,
Examples include organic blowing agents such as 4'-oxybisbenzenesulfonyl hydrazide, and inorganic blowing agents such as sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, azide compounds, and sodium borohydride. The desired amount of blowing agent added is vinyl chloride resin.
The amount ranges from 1 part by weight to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight. In the present invention, paper, cloth, nonwoven fabric, wooden board, etc. can be used as the substrate for covering the resin composition foam. In addition, the water-impermeable layer provided between the resin composition foam and the substrate may include non-foamed vinyl chloride resin, thermoplastic polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) resin, vinyl acetate resin, Materials such as polyamide resin, which are virtually impermeable to water,
Any material that has good adhesion to vinyl chloride resin may be used, but it is preferable to provide a layer made of non-foamed vinyl chloride resin, which has particularly good adhesion to vinyl chloride resin foam and is easy to mold. Particularly preferred. The vinyl chloride resin foam constituting the vinyl wall material of the present invention can be processed by paste processing, calendar processing,
It may be obtained by any extrusion method. In addition, when providing a water-impermeable layer between this foam and a substrate, there are methods of coating a water-impermeable layer on the substrate and forming a vinyl chloride resin foam layer thereon. A method for integrating a vinyl chloride resin foam into a water-impermeable surface of a substrate coated with a permeable layer, a method for integrating a water-impermeable surface of a vinyl chloride resin foam having a water-impermeable layer with a substrate, a vinyl chloride resin Any method can be used, such as a method of forming a water-impermeable layer on the adhesive surface simultaneously with the integration of the foam and the base. As an example of an embodiment for manufacturing the vinyl wall material of the present invention, a case will be described in which a non-foamed vinyl chloride resin layer and a vinyl chloride resin foam layer are provided by a paste processing method. First, non-foaming vinyl chloride plastisol, which does not contain a blowing agent, is applied to paper, woven fabric,
After applying it to a substrate such as knitted fabric or non-woven fabric using the doctor knife method or roll coater method to a constant thickness as thin as possible, it is heated at 120℃ to 170℃.
Heat for 10 seconds to 5 minutes to gel the plastisol. Then, on the vinyl chloride resin layer side of the base coated with this non-foamed vinyl chloride resin layer,
Apply vinyl chloride plastisol containing a super absorbent polymer, a plasticizer, a blowing agent, and other auxiliary agents as necessary in the same manner as above, and heat it at 180°C to 250°C.
Heat for 30 seconds to 5 minutes to foam. As a result, a vinyl wall material having a non-foamed vinyl chloride resin layer between the base and the foam layer is obtained. Since the vinyl wall material of the present invention is in the form of a sheet and is applied to indoor walls, closet walls, ceilings, etc. to prevent condensation, this wall material should have an appropriate thickness. This is because, as is easily understood, the dew condensation prevention effect of a wall material, that is, its water retention capacity, differs depending on its thickness. The required thickness for the wall material is 0.1 to 3 mm, with 0.3 to 1.5 mm being particularly suitable. The vinyl wall material of the present invention is capable of many modifications, both in construction and manufacturing method. For example, in addition to applying appropriate surface treatments, patterns, and embossing to the surface of wall materials, we also apply adhesive to the back and apply release paper, which are similar to regular wall materials. You can take in everything that comes your way. In particular, embossing is preferable because it has the effect of increasing the surface area and creating a shape that easily absorbs moisture. If surface treatment or patterning is to be applied, it is preferable to use a mesh roll or the like, as applying a treatment agent to the entire surface may form a film that may impair water absorption. By using the dew condensation prevention vinyl wall material of the present invention, even in times of high humidity such as during the rainy season, condensed water is absorbed by the vinyl chloride resin foam layer that makes up the wall material, preventing water droplets from appearing on the surface. This prevents condensation on the surface. In addition, with this vinyl wall material, moisture absorbed by the PVC resin foam layer does not transfer to the backing base, which prevents the base from stretching due to moisture and deterioration of the glue material due to mold and rot. As a result, the adhesive remains neatly applied for a long period of time. Furthermore, this vinyl wall material has a so-called breathable property, meaning that it rapidly absorbs moisture under high humidity conditions, but releases moisture under low humidity conditions, so it can be used to control humidity in small rooms. . The condensation-preventing vinyl wall material of the present invention described in detail above can be used not only as an interior material for walls and ceilings in living rooms, kitchens, toilets, bathrooms, washrooms, closets, etc., but also for interior walls in containers, etc. It can also be used as a wall material to prevent condensation. The vinyl wall material for preventing dew condensation of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Examples 1-2 0.1 g of lauroyl peroxide was added as a polymerization initiator to 60 g of vinyl acetate and 40 g of methyl acrylate, and 3 g of partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol was added.
Stir and disperse in 300 ml of water containing 10 g of NaCl,
Suspension polymerization was carried out at 65°C for 6 hours. 86g of this copolymer
, 200g methanol, 10g water and 5N NaOH
The suspension was suspended in a saponification solution consisting of 40 ml of an aqueous solution, and the saponification reaction was carried out at 25°C for 1 hour and then at 65°C for 5 hours. After thoroughly washing with methanol and drying under reduced pressure, a saponified product with an average particle size of 200μ (water absorption capacity of 700g/
) was obtained. This was pulverized with a jet mill to obtain a finely powdered superabsorbent polymer having a particle size of 60 μm or less. Using this super absorbent polymer and vinyl chloride resin,
The formulations shown in Table 1 were mixed and stirred using a despar to prepare a uniform pasty vinyl chloride plastisol composition for a foam layer.

[Table] (Note) Values in the table are parts by weight.
On the other hand, a non-foamable vinyl chloride plastisol was prepared by preparing a paste by removing azodicarbonamide and a superabsorbent polymer from the above-mentioned mixture. Next, the above non-expandable vinyl chloride plastisol was coated with a knife to a thickness of 0.1 mm on the paper material, and then heated at 150° C. for 30 seconds to gel it. Furthermore, the above-mentioned vinyl chloride plastisol for the foam layer was similarly coated with a thickness of 0.2 mm, heated at 220°C for 1 minute to foam, and embossed with an embossing roll to obtain a sheet-like vinyl wall material. Ta. Comparative Example 1: Case without water-impermeable layer Vinyl wall according to the prior art in which paper was not coated with a non-foamable vinyl chloride layer in advance, but a foam layer with the formulation of Example 2 was coated in the same manner as in Example. I got the material. Comparative Example 2: Without superabsorbent polymer A blend was prepared by removing the superabsorbent polymer from the blend of Example 2, and the paste was made into a paste and coated on paper in the same manner as in the example, followed by heating and foaming. Obtained vinyl wall material. Comparative Example 3: No foaming A mixture of Example 2 with the azodicarbonamide removed in advance was prepared, made into a paste in the same manner as in Example, coated on paper, heated to gel, and made into a vinyl wall. I got the material. Practical Test 1 For each of the vinyl wall materials of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3, the indoor temperature was
A dew condensation test was conducted under the conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 90%, and temperature on the back of the wall material of 10°C. The results are shown in Table 2. The wall materials of Examples 1 and 2 had no dew condensation, and no noticeable change was observed even after 24 hours. On the other hand, the wall material of Comparative Example 1 had the same surface feel as Examples 1 and 2, but had some sagging in the wall material. The wall materials of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 had condensation, and water was dripping down the wall surface.

【table】

[Table] Practical Test 2 The vinyl wall materials of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 above were respectively pasted on walls where dew condenses at night using normal starch glue, and their dew condensation prevention effects were evaluated after long-term use. We investigated the deformation of The results are shown in Table 3. When the daytime temperature was high, all four samples were in a dry state. However, at night, a difference was observed: the wall materials of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 maintained a smooth feel, while the wall materials of Comparative Example 2 had condensation and had a damp surface. When the temperature was high and the humidity was low again, each sample became dry. At the end of 60 days of continuous observation, the wall materials of Examples 1 and 2 remained attached with no change, but the wall materials of Comparative Example 1 had peeled from the wall surface, and the peeled portions had no change. There was mold. The wall material of Comparative Example 2 was sagging, and the surface was dirty with mold and stains. On the other hand, a similar test was also conducted on a case where the wall material of Comparative Example 1 was attached to a wall surface using an adhesive having hydrophobicity and water resistance. The results are shown in Table 3, and although no peeling occurred between the wall material and the wall surface, wrinkles did occur due to sagging of the wall material.

[Table] △ Partially present
× Available throughout

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A sheet comprising a resin composition foam layer comprising a vinyl chloride resin, a superabsorbent polymer, and a plasticizer, and a base layer covering the same, further comprising the foam layer and the A vinyl wall material for preventing dew condensation, characterized in that a water-impermeable layer made of non-foamed vinyl chloride resin is provided between the base layer and the base layer. 2. The vinyl wall material for preventing dew condensation according to claim 1, wherein the super absorbent polymer is a polymer electrolyte having a crosslinked structure containing a carboxylic acid and/or a salt thereof. 3. The super absorbent polymer is composed of vinyl ester (X) and ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivative (Y) in a molar ratio of X:Y = 10:90 to 90:10. The vinyl wall material for preventing dew condensation according to claim 1, which is a saponified product of a copolymer.