JPH0523327B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an incineration device for combustible waste such as food waste, waste paper, human waste, etc. generated at home or in business.

BACKGROUND ART There are incinerators that use gas fuel or liquid fuel. This burns fuel in a burner and uses the heat to incinerate the waste. In addition, as a new proposal, there is an incinerator equipped with electric power such as a heater or magnetron as a heating source.

The method of incinerating waste with fuel has the disadvantage that the device is complicated and large.In contrast, an incinerator equipped with an electric heating section is small and has excellent controllability. However, compared to methods using fuel, this electric heating method has the disadvantage that the temperature of the combustion section is low and odor and soot are easily generated.

The methods for completely burning waste are generally as follows. The waste is first dried using auxiliary heat sources such as electricity, gas, or oil, and then ignited using this heat. After being ignited, it decomposes mainly using its own heat and burns the decomposed gas. After the decomposition is complete, the remaining char is burned. Although such stepwise combustion control is desirable, cracked gas is difficult to burn and tends to generate odor.

The reason for this is that the concentration of decomposed gas from waste increases at the time of ignition.
In the final stage of combustion, it becomes thin and diluted when mixed with combustion air, making it difficult to burn.Also, if the decomposed gas is concentrated, soot will be produced if there is little combustion air. Since the concentration of decomposed gas from such waste during combustion is difficult to maintain, combustion is difficult and soot and odor are easily generated.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In this way, incineration equipment with electric heating means can be made smaller, but the heat of combustion of waste is generally low, and the exhaust gas is lower than when using auxiliary fuels such as gas or oil. The disadvantage is that the odor becomes stronger.

In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention aims to reduce exhaust odor in an electric heating type incinerator.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a primary combustion chamber for storing waste, a means for supplying combustion air to the primary combustion chamber,
The device has a means for heating the waste in the primary combustion chamber, and a secondary combustion chamber divided into multiple stages provided downstream of the primary combustion chamber, and the first stage combustion chamber of the secondary combustion chamber includes: It has an ignition means, a combustion air supply hole, and a gas passage hole opening into the primary combustion chamber, and below the second stage combustion chamber, there are provided a larger number of combustion air holes than the first stage combustion chamber, and each The secondary combustion chamber is partitioned by a flame control plate having an opening in the center.

Effects In the incinerator of the present invention having such a configuration, the amount of decomposed gas in the primary combustion chamber can be easily stabilized. This separates the vaporization area from the combustion area both physically and thermally, and when a large amount of decomposed gas is generated, the amount of primary air is reduced to suppress strong ignition. , this is because it is sufficient for transporting gas.

For this reason, a relatively concentrated decomposed gas is sent to the secondary combustion chamber, which is the main combustion part, and it is easy to burn at the time of ignition and at the final stage of combustion. In addition, the secondary combustion chamber is divided into multiple stages, and the upstream combustion chamber is supplied with a small amount of air, so the gas is concentrated and combusts easily. A large amount of secondary air is supplied to the downstream combustion chamber, but this downstream secondary air is regulated by a flame control plate and does not dilute the upstream secondary combustion chamber. When the amount of combustion increases, complete combustion occurs in this downstream combustion chamber.

Embodiment The figure is a sectional view of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the primary combustion chamber. A waste inlet door 2 is provided at the front of the primary combustion chamber 1 . Waste is collected in a tray 3 provided in the primary combustion chamber 1.
It is placed in A part of this tray 3 is provided with a radio wave absorber 4 such as silicon carbide. Further, an opening 5 in the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 1 communicates with a transmitting section of a magnetron 6 through a waveguide 7.

In addition, primary air holes 8 are provided on the other side wall of the primary combustion chamber.
is provided. Combustion air is supplied to the primary air hole 8 by a blower 9 and a damper 10. Downstream of the primary combustion chamber 1 is a first stage secondary combustion chamber 14 having an ignition heater 11, gas passage holes 12 from the primary combustion chamber 1, and secondary combustion holes 13 (diameter 2 mm, 4 locations). . Second and third stage secondary combustion chambers 1 are downstream of this secondary combustion chamber 14.
5, 16 are provided, each with a secondary air hole 1
7 (diameter 2 mm, 12 places) and 18 (diameter 2 mm, 12 places) are drilled. Each secondary combustion chamber is partitioned by a flame suppressing plate 19 having an opening in the center.
Combustion air is sent to this secondary combustion hole from the blower 9. A combustion temperature detection section 20, a catalyst 21, an exhaust hole 22, and an exhaust gas dilution section 23 are placed downstream of the secondary combustion chamber 16. Further, the secondary combustion holes 13, 1 in the side walls of the secondary combustion chambers 14, 15, 16
A heater 24 is provided upstream of 7 and 18.

Next, the operation will be explained.

The waste set in the receiving tray 3 of the primary combustion chamber 1 starts drying by the magnetron 6 transmitting a signal, the blower 9 operating, and the heater 24 energizing. The 2450MHz microwave passes through waveguide 7,
It passes through the radio-transparent heat insulating material and is emitted into the primary combustion chamber 1, creating a high electric field inside. Since the radio waves are reflected by the metal walls of the combustion chamber 1, most of them are absorbed by the moisture in the waste. This causes the waste to dry quickly. At the same time, as the waste continues to dry, the radio wave absorber 4 also begins to absorb radio waves and becomes hotter.The high heat of the radio wave absorber 4 decomposes the waste and generates gas.

The ignition heater 11 provided in the secondary combustion chamber 14 ignites the gas when the gas concentration in the secondary combustion chamber 14 gradually increases to become combustible gas.

When the flame in the secondary combustion chamber 14 becomes even larger,
The flame burns in the secondary combustion chamber 15 of the second stage downstream. Further, when the amount increases further, it is burned in the third stage secondary combustion chamber 16. Therefore, even if the amount of gas generated by the waste fluctuates, incomplete combustion is unlikely to occur.

Furthermore, if the combustion temperature detection section 20 detects the combustion amount and controls the microwave, an increase in the combustion amount exceeding the combustion capacity of the secondary combustion chamber can be suppressed.

The secondary combustion holes 13, 17, and 18 of each secondary combustion chamber are provided near the upstream side of the flame control plate, and this is because this secondary air carries unburned gas flowing from upstream to the root of the secondary combustion hole. This is to effectively mix unburned gas and air. That is, since the downstream side of the secondary air hole is regulated by the flame control plate 19, the secondary combustion hole does not attract downstream flames, and unburnt gas is concentratedly attracted thereto. Further, the secondary combustion air collides at the center of each secondary combustion chamber. The opening of the flame suppressing plate 19 is blocked by this colliding secondary air, and for this reason, the unburned gas in the upstream reaches the secondary combustion holes 13, 17, 1.
It detours to the root of No. 8, burns while mixing, and receives a force that transfers to the downstream stage. This action is common to the secondary combustion chambers of each stage.

Furthermore, the amount of combustion at the time of ignition is small and incomplete combustion tends to occur; however, if the amount of secondary combustion air is reduced at the time of ignition, the combustion will be more complete. It is advantageous to restrict the secondary air during drying, ignition, and until the combustion temperature detection section 20 indicates a predetermined increase in the combustion amount, and then increase the amount after this in order to maintain the high temperature during low combustion. Such air amount control means may be performed by opening and closing the damper 10, or may be performed by changing the rotation speed of the blower 9.

In addition, although the electric power heating method using microwaves was shown in the said Example, the means for heating may be other means.

Effects of the Invention The effects of the present invention described above are as follows. There is little variation in the amount of decomposed gas generated, and even if it fluctuates, it burns reliably over a wide range of concentrations, so soot and odor are not generated much. For this reason, complete combustion is required regardless of the type of waste.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a sectional view showing a waste incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1...Primary combustion chamber, 6...Sending section, 11...Ignition heater, 13, 17, 18...Secondary combustion hole, 1
4, 15, 16... Secondary combustion chamber, 19... Flame control plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A primary combustion chamber for storing waste, means for supplying air for combustion to the primary combustion chamber, means for heating the waste in the primary combustion chamber, and a means for heating the waste in the primary combustion chamber. It has a secondary combustion chamber provided downstream and divided into multiple stages, and the first stage combustion chamber of the secondary combustion chamber has an ignition means and a combustion air supply hole, which opens into the primary combustion chamber. It has a gas passage hole, and a second
An incinerator in which a greater number of combustion air holes are provided below the stage combustion chamber than in the first stage combustion chamber, and each secondary combustion chamber is partitioned by a flame control plate having an opening in the center. 2 A combustion temperature detection section is provided in the secondary combustion chamber, and when the temperature rise of the combustion temperature detection section reaches a predetermined temperature, the amount of combustion air is increased by opening and closing a damper or controlling the rotation speed of a blower. The incinerator according to scope 1.