JPH01142313A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To minimize exhaust air and bad smell in a waste incineration device with an electric heating system by surely burning the waste where there is no marked fluctuation in the generation of decomposed gas and an extensive range of concentration is available even in the presence of fluctuation. CONSTITUTION:On the downstream side of a primary combustion chamber 1, which stores and heats waste is installed a secondary combustion chamber, which is divided into multi-stages and comprises an ignition means, which as an ignition heater 11, a combustion air port 13, a first stage combustion chamber 14, which has a gas passage hole 12 having an opening in said primary combustion chamber 1, combustion chambers 15 and 16 which come after a secondary combustion chamber which has a large number of combustion air ports 17 and 18 from the chamber 14 and has an opening in the center and is separated by a flame control plate 19. When the waste is heated and decomposed gas is generated in the primary combustion chamber 1, the ignition heater 11 is subjected to concentration of gas gradually increased in the secondary combustion chamber 14. The gas is ignited when it turns into inflammable gas. Furthermore, when the flames in the secondary combustion chamber are increased in magnitude, the gas is burnt in the second stage-based secondary combustion chamber 15. When the gas is further increased, it is burnt in the second stage secondary combustion chamber 16.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention is applicable to kitchen waste, waste paper, etc. generated at home or in business.
Related to incineration equipment for combustible waste such as human waste.

Conventional technology incinerators include incinerators that use gas fuel or liquid fuel. This burns fuel and uses the heat to incinerate waste. In addition, as a new proposal, there is an incinerator equipped with electric power such as a heater or magnetron as a heating source.

The method of incinerating waste with fuel has the disadvantage that the device is complicated and large.In contrast, an incinerator equipped with an electric heating section is small and has excellent controllability. However, compared to methods using fuel, this electric heating method has the disadvantage that the temperature of the combustion part is low and odor and soot are easily generated.

The methods for completely burning waste are generally as follows. The waste is first dried using auxiliary heat sources such as electricity, gas, or oil, and then ignited using this heat. After being ignited, it decomposes mainly using its own heat and burns the decomposed gas. After the decomposition is complete, the remaining carbide is burned. Although such stepwise combustion control is desirable, cracked gas is difficult to burn and tends to generate odor.

The reason for this is that the concentration of waste decomposition gas becomes thinner at the time of ignition and at the end of combustion, and when mixed with combustion air, it is diluted and becomes difficult to burn.Also, if the split gas is concentrated, soot will be produced if there is little combustion air. be. Since the concentration of decomposed gas from such waste during combustion is difficult to maintain, combustion is difficult and soot and odor are easily generated.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In this way, incineration equipment with electric heating means can be made smaller, but the heat of combustion of waste is generally low, and the exhaust gas is lower than when using auxiliary fuels such as gas or oil. The disadvantage is that the odor becomes stronger.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned prior art, an object of the present invention is to reduce exhaust odor in an electric heating type incinerator.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a primary combustion chamber for storing waste, means for supplying combustion air to the secondary combustion chamber, and means for heating the waste in the secondary combustion chamber. and a secondary combustion chamber divided into multiple stages provided downstream of the secondary combustion chamber,
The first stage combustion chamber of the secondary combustion chamber has an ignition means, a combustion air supply hole, and a gas passage hole opening to the secondary combustion chamber, and the second stage combustion chamber and below have the first stage combustion chamber. A larger number of combustion air holes are provided than the stage combustion chambers, and each secondary combustion chamber is partitioned by a flame control plate having an opening in the center.

Function: In the incinerator of the present invention having such a configuration, the amount of decomposed gas in the secondary incineration chamber can be easily stabilized. This separates the vaporization area from the combustion area both physically and thermally, and when a large amount of decomposed gas is generated, the amount of primary air is reduced to suppress strong ignition. , this is because it is sufficient for transporting gas.

For this reason, a relatively concentrated decomposed gas is sent to the secondary combustion chamber, which is the main combustion part, and it is easy to burn at the time of ignition and at the final stage of combustion. In addition, the secondary combustion chamber is divided into multiple stages, and the upstream combustion chamber is supplied with a small amount of air, so the gas is concentrated and burns easily.

The downstream combustion chamber is supplied with a large amount of secondary air, but this downstream secondary air is regulated by a flame control plate and does not dilute the first-flow secondary combustion chamber. When the amount of combustion increases, complete combustion occurs in this downstream combustion chamber.

The embodiment diagram is a sectional view of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, l is the primary combustion chamber. - In the front part of the secondary baking chamber 1, a waste population rs2 is provided. The waste is placed in a tray 3 provided in the primary combustion chamber 1. A portion of the tray 3 of this receiver is provided with a radio wave absorber 4 such as silicon carbide. Furthermore, the opening 5 in the side wall of the secondary baking chamber l communicates with the transmitter of the magnetron 6 through a waveguide 7.

In addition, a primary air hole 8 is provided in the other side wall of the secondary baking chamber. Combustion air is supplied to this water chamber pore 8 by a blower 9.
and is supplied by the damper 10. - Downstream of the secondary grilling chamber 1, an ignition heater 11, - a gas passage hole 12 from the secondary grilling chamber 1, and a secondary combustion hole 13 (diameter 2 mm +
, four locations) of the first stage secondary combustion chamber 14. Second and third stage secondary combustion chambers 15 and 16 are provided downstream of this secondary combustion chamber 14, and each has a secondary air hole 17 (
Diameter 2no++, 12g), 18 (diameter 2nw, 12
Each secondary combustion chamber, which is opened at point i), is partitioned by a flame suppressing plate 19 having an opening in the center.

Combustion air is sent to this secondary combustion hole from the air blower 419. A combustion temperature detection section 20 is located downstream of the secondary combustion chamber 16.
, a catalyst 21, an exhaust hole 22, and an exhaust gas dilution section 23 are provided. Further, a heater 24 is provided upstream of the secondary combustion holes 13, 17° 18 in the side wall of the secondary combustion chamber 14, 15, 16.

Next, the operation will be explained.

The receiver of the primary combustion chamber 1 transmits the waste set in the tray 3 by transmitting the magnetron 6, operating the blower 9, and heating the heater 2.
Drying is started by applying electricity in step 4.

The microwave of 2450 Mf (z takes the waveguide 7, passes through the radio wave transparent insulation material, and is emitted into the primary combustion chamber 1, creating a high electric field inside. The radio waves are reflected by the metal wall of the combustion chamber l. Therefore, most of the water is absorbed by the water in the waste, which causes the waste to dry quickly.

At the same time, as the waste material dries, the radio wave absorber 4 also
The high heat of the radio wave absorber 4, which begins to absorb radio waves and becomes high in temperature, decomposes the waste and generates gas.

The ignition heater 11 provided in the secondary combustion chamber 14
When the gas concentration in step 4 gradually increases and becomes a combustible gas, it is ignited.

When the flame in the secondary combustion chamber 14 further becomes larger, the flame burns in the secondary combustion chamber 15 of the second stage downstream.

Further, when the amount increases further, it is burned in the third stage secondary combustion chamber 16. Therefore, even if the amount of gas generated by the waste fluctuates, incomplete combustion is unlikely to occur.

Furthermore, if the combustion temperature detection section 20 detects the combustion amount and controls the microwave, an increase in the combustion amount exceeding the combustion capacity of the secondary combustion chamber can be suppressed.

The secondary combustion holes 13, 17, and 18 of each secondary combustion chamber are provided near the upstream of the flame suppressing plate, and this means that this secondary air directs unburned gas flowing from upstream to the root of the secondary combustion hole. This is to effectively mix unburned gas and air. That is, since the downstream side of the secondary air hole is regulated by the flame control plate 19, the secondary combustion hole does not attract downstream flames, and unburnt gas is concentratedly attracted thereto. Further, the secondary combustion air collides at the center of each secondary combustion chamber. The frontage of the flame suppressing plate 19 is blocked by this colliding secondary air, and for this reason, the unburned gas in the upstream is trapped in the secondary combustion hole 13. 17. It is detoured to the root of No. 18, burns while mixing, and receives a force that transfers to the downstream stage. This action is common to the secondary combustion chambers of each stage.

Furthermore, the amount of combustion at the time of ignition is small and incomplete combustion tends to occur; however, if the amount of secondary combustion air is reduced at the time of ignition, the combustion will be more complete. It is advantageous to limit the amount of secondary air during drying, ignition, and until the combustion temperature detection section 20 indicates a predetermined increase in combustion amount, and then increase the amount thereafter to maintain high temperature during low combustion.

In addition, although the electric power heating method using microwave was shown in the said Example, the means for heating may be other means.

Effect of the invention The effects of the present invention described above are as follows.

There is little variation in the amount of decomposed gas generated, and even if it fluctuates, it burns reliably over a wide range of concentrations, so soot and odor are not generated much. For this reason, complete combustion is required regardless of the type of waste.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a sectional view showing a waste incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. l... - Water smoke combustion chamber, 6... Transmission section, 11... Ignition heater, 13.17.18... Secondary combustion hole, 14,1
5, 16... Secondary combustion chamber, 19... Flame control plate.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A primary combustion chamber for storing waste, means for supplying air for combustion to the primary combustion chamber, means for heating the waste in the primary combustion chamber, and a device provided downstream of the primary combustion chamber. The first combustion chamber of the secondary combustion chamber has an ignition means, a combustion air supply hole, and a gas passage hole opening into the primary combustion chamber. An incinerator comprising a second-stage combustion chamber and a larger number of combustion air holes than the first-stage combustion chamber, and each secondary combustion chamber is partitioned by a flame control plate having an opening in the center. (2) The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the combustion air in the secondary combustion chamber is controlled to be reduced at least until ignition and increased before reaching the maximum combustion amount.