JPH0523161B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0523161B2
JPH0523161B2 JP10280686A JP10280686A JPH0523161B2 JP H0523161 B2 JPH0523161 B2 JP H0523161B2 JP 10280686 A JP10280686 A JP 10280686A JP 10280686 A JP10280686 A JP 10280686A JP H0523161 B2 JPH0523161 B2 JP H0523161B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
wood
water
flame
aqueous solution
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP10280686A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS62257801A (en
Inventor
Kikuo Sano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SANO MOKUZAI KK
Original Assignee
SANO MOKUZAI KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SANO MOKUZAI KK filed Critical SANO MOKUZAI KK
Priority to JP10280686A priority Critical patent/JPS62257801A/en
Publication of JPS62257801A publication Critical patent/JPS62257801A/en
Publication of JPH0523161B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0523161B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の技術分野〕 本発明は木材の難燃処理法に係わり、さらに詳
しくは製材した木材を圧力釜にて飽和水蒸気で加
圧加熱し、ついで、減圧下で処理して乾燥したの
ち、水溶性の防火薬剤を含浸させることによる、
木材の表面、外観状態を変えずに難燃化する処理
法に関する。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for flame-retardant treatment of wood, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method for flame-retardant treatment of wood, and more specifically, the method involves heating sawn wood under pressure with saturated steam in a pressure cooker, and then treating it under reduced pressure. After drying, impregnating it with a water-soluble fire retardant agent.
This article relates to a treatment method for making wood flame retardant without changing its surface or appearance.

〔従来技術と問題点〕[Conventional technology and problems]

木材は建材として古来から広く使用されている
が、よく燃えるという欠点がある。この改良法と
して種々の難燃処理法が知られている。その一つ
として木材の表面に防火塗料を塗装する方法があ
る。この方法では表面のみが難燃化されるだけな
ので、長時間裸火に接炎した場合には効果がな
く、また表面状態が変わる欠点がある。また防火
薬液を常圧、加圧、または減圧下で含浸せしめる
方法も知られている。この方法も薬剤が表面には
多く付着するが、内部への含浸は小さく、難燃効
果が不十分である。
Although wood has been widely used as a building material since ancient times, it has the disadvantage of being easily combustible. Various flame retardant treatment methods are known to improve this. One method is to apply fireproof paint to the surface of the wood. This method only makes the surface flame retardant, so it is not effective if exposed to an open flame for a long time, and the surface condition changes. Also known is a method of impregnating fire retardant chemicals under normal pressure, increased pressure, or reduced pressure. In this method, too, a large amount of the chemical adheres to the surface, but only a small amount of the chemical impregnates the inside, resulting in insufficient flame retardant effect.

この改良法として、特開昭59−20605号公報に
は木材の表面を炭化処理したのち防火薬剤を含浸
されることによる、含浸性の高い木材の難燃処理
法が提案されている。この方法では難燃化効果は
かなり高くなるが、なお表面近くでの含浸であつ
て、肉厚木材の難燃効果は不十分である。また、
表面が、黒く或いは発泡状態に変わる欠点があ
る。
As an improvement on this method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-20605 proposes a flame retardant treatment method for highly impregnated wood, in which the surface of the wood is carbonized and then impregnated with a fire retardant agent. Although this method has a considerably high flame retardant effect, it is impregnated near the surface, and the flame retardant effect on thick wood is insufficient. Also,
The disadvantage is that the surface turns black or foamy.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明の目的は、製材された木材をその表面、
外観状態を変えずに、外内部ともに難燃化させる
ための処理方法を提供することにある。
The purpose of the present invention is to improve the surface of the sawn wood.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a treatment method for making both the outside and the inside flame retardant without changing the external appearance.

〔発明の構成と作用〕[Structure and operation of the invention]

本発明は、製材した木材を水溶性の無機塩の水
溶液中に、含水率が40%以上になるよう浸漬さ
せ、浸漬処理された木材を圧力釜内にて飽和水蒸
気で加熱加圧し、ついで該水蒸気を排出、減圧下
で処理し、乾燥したのち、水溶性の防火薬剤を含
浸せしめる木材の難燃処理法である。
The present invention involves soaking sawn wood in an aqueous solution of water-soluble inorganic salts to a water content of 40% or more, heating and pressurizing the soaked wood with saturated steam in a pressure cooker, and then This is a flame retardant treatment method for wood in which water vapor is discharged, treated under reduced pressure, dried, and then impregnated with a water-soluble fire retardant agent.

本発明の対象とする木材は国内外産の針葉樹及
び広葉樹の区別なく種々の樹種であるが、例えば
ベイマツ、トドマツ、桧、杉、赤松、黒松、樫、
楠等を挙げることができる。
The wood targeted by the present invention is a variety of tree species including coniferous and broad-leaved trees produced domestically and abroad, such as Douglas fir, fir, cypress, cedar, red pine, black pine, oak,
Kusunoki etc. can be mentioned.

本発明では製材した木材を先ず乾燥させる必要
があるが、乾燥は特願昭60−40642号公報記載の
方法に依る。即ち、製材した木材を水溶性の無機
塩の0.1〜5重量%水溶液中に、含水率が40%以
上になるよう通常3〜24時間浸漬させる。浸漬処
理された木材は飽和水蒸気の投入口、真空ポンプ
に連なる排気口、ドレン廃液口、温度計を設けた
10mmHgの減圧と20Kg/cm2の加圧に耐える円筒形
の圧力釜に収納する。該圧力釜に飽和水蒸気を投
入し、通常110〜170℃、さらに好ましく120〜150
℃に、木材の厚みによつて異なるが、通常1〜5
時間さらに好ましくは2〜4時間加熱加圧する。
ついで飽和水蒸気を排出し、真空ポンプを運転し
て圧力釜内を700mmHg以下さらに好ましくは200
mmHg以下の減圧とし、木材の含有水を均一に沸
とう発散せしめる。0.5〜2時間後に真空ポンプ
の運転を停止し、圧力釜内を常圧に戻したのち木
材を圧力釜から取出す。圧力釜内より取出した木
材は天然及び/又は熱風式乾燥機にて含水率が20
%以下になるように、さらに好ましくは10%以下
になるように乾燥する。この方法中、肉厚が30mm
以下の薄物や割れが発生し難い樹種の木材の乾燥
には、水溶性の無機塩の水溶液への木材の浸漬は
省略できる。
In the present invention, it is necessary to first dry the sawn wood, and the drying is carried out by the method described in Japanese Patent Application No. 40642/1982. That is, the sawn wood is usually immersed in a 0.1 to 5% by weight aqueous solution of a water-soluble inorganic salt for 3 to 24 hours so that the water content becomes 40% or more. The soaked wood is equipped with a saturated steam inlet, an exhaust port connected to a vacuum pump, a drain outlet, and a thermometer.
It is stored in a cylindrical pressure cooker that can withstand a reduced pressure of 10 mmHg and an increased pressure of 20 Kg/ cm2 . Saturated steam is introduced into the pressure cooker, and the temperature is usually 110 to 170°C, more preferably 120 to 150°C.
℃, depending on the thickness of the wood, but usually 1 to 5
It is heated and pressurized for more preferably 2 to 4 hours.
Then, the saturated steam is discharged, and the vacuum pump is operated to reduce the pressure inside the pressure cooker to 700 mmHg or less, preferably 200 mmHg or less.
Reduce the pressure to below mmHg to uniformly boil and evaporate the water contained in the wood. After 0.5 to 2 hours, the operation of the vacuum pump is stopped, the pressure inside the pressure cooker is returned to normal pressure, and the wood is taken out from the pressure cooker. The wood taken out from the pressure cooker has a moisture content of 20% in natural and/or hot air dryers.
% or less, more preferably 10% or less. During this method, the wall thickness is 30mm
For drying wood of the following types of wood that are less likely to cause thinness or cracking, immersion of the wood in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble inorganic salt can be omitted.

上記の方法で乾燥した木材は、樹脂が除去され
た細胞が開口しているので、防火薬液を内部まで
十分に含浸せしめることができる。ここで用いら
れる水溶性防火薬剤は公知の無機塩や有機物であ
つて、具体的には炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸ソー
ダ、炭酸塩水素カリウム、炭酸カリウム、硅酸ナ
トリウム、リン酸アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウ
ム、リン酸、ホウ酸、ホウ砂、ジシアンジアミド
などを例示できる。これら水溶性防火薬剤は通常
1〜50重量%の水溶液として用いられ、浸漬法、
スプレー法、刷毛塗り等の方法で乾燥木材に含浸
される。とくに好ましくは、乾燥木材を防火薬剤
2〜10重量%水溶液に木材の厚みが20mm以内では
3時間、20mm以上では20mmを増す毎に1時間加算
した時間浸漬して、含浸せしめる。
In the wood dried by the above method, the cells from which the resin has been removed are open, so that the interior of the wood can be sufficiently impregnated with the fire retardant chemical. The water-soluble fire retardants used here are known inorganic salts and organic substances, and specifically include sodium hydrogen carbonate, soda carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium silicate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, and phosphoric acid. , boric acid, borax, dicyandiamide, etc. These water-soluble fire retardants are usually used as a 1 to 50% aqueous solution, and are
It is impregnated into dry wood by spraying, brushing, etc. Particularly preferably, dried wood is impregnated by immersing it in an aqueous solution of 2 to 10% by weight of a fire retardant for 3 hours if the thickness of the wood is 20 mm or less, and an additional hour for each additional 20 mm if the wood is thicker than 20 mm.

該防火薬剤含浸木材は天然で1週間程度乾燥し
たのち、熱風式乾燥機中10〜30時間乾燥せしめて
含水率を10〜15%程度とし、実用に供される。
The wood impregnated with the fire retardant agent is naturally dried for about a week, and then dried in a hot air dryer for 10 to 30 hours to a moisture content of about 10 to 15% before being put to practical use.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明の難燃処理法は、圧力釜内で木材を燃え
易くしている原因でもある樹脂を除去し、さらに
木材の細胞を開口させて十に乾燥しているので、
防火薬剤の吸収が早く、木材の外内部まで含浸さ
れるので、防火効果が大きい。また、本処理によ
つて色調、肌荒れ、ワレ、歪み等表面や外観に変
化を来たさないので、商品価値の高い難燃処理材
がられる。
The flame retardant treatment method of the present invention removes the resin that makes wood flammable in a pressure cooker, and also opens the wood cells and dries them thoroughly.
Fire retardant agents are absorbed quickly and are impregnated into the inside and outside of the wood, so they have a great fire retardant effect. Furthermore, this treatment does not cause any changes in the surface or appearance, such as color tone, rough skin, cracking, distortion, etc., resulting in a flame-retardant treated material with high commercial value.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明を説明す
る。なお、難燃性評価は以下の方法によつて行な
つた。
The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. In addition, flame retardancy evaluation was performed by the following method.

難燃性評価 45度に傾けた板面に長さ20cmのブンゼンバーナ
ーを25秒間接炎し、着火の有無を調べた。
Flame retardancy evaluation A Bunsen burner with a length of 20 cm was used to ignite an indirect flame for 25 seconds on a board tilted at a 45 degree angle to check for ignition.

実施例 1 長さ400mm、巾100mm、厚さ20mmに製材したベイ
マツ材を2重量%の岩塩の水溶液中に浸漬した。
10時間後木材を取出し、圧力釜に収納し、密閉し
た圧力釜に2Kg/cm2の水蒸気を送り内温を130℃
とし、5時間保つた。ついで飽和水蒸気を排気
し、圧力釜内を150mmHgの減圧とし1時間放置し
た。こののち、常圧に戻し木材を圧力釜より取出
し、10日間風乾したのち熱風式乾燥機中50℃で20
時間乾燥した。含水率は15%となつた。該乾燥材
を5重量%の炭酸水素ナトリウムの水溶液に浸漬
した。3時間後に取出し、10日間風乾したのち熱
風式乾燥機中50で20時間乾燥した。該木材を上記
の方法で難燃性を評価した結果、着火しなかつ
た。
Example 1 A Douglas fir sawn to a length of 400 mm, width of 100 mm, and thickness of 20 mm was immersed in an aqueous solution of 2% by weight of rock salt.
After 10 hours, the wood was taken out and placed in a pressure cooker, and 2Kg/ cm2 of steam was fed into the sealed pressure cooker to bring the internal temperature to 130℃.
and kept it for 5 hours. Then, the saturated steam was evacuated, and the pressure inside the pressure cooker was reduced to 150 mmHg and left for 1 hour. After this, the wood was returned to normal pressure, taken out from the pressure cooker, air-dried for 10 days, and then heated at 50℃ in a hot air dryer for 20 minutes.
Dry for an hour. The moisture content was 15%. The desiccant material was immersed in a 5% by weight aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. It was taken out after 3 hours, air-dried for 10 days, and then dried in a hot air dryer at 50℃ for 20 hours. The flame retardance of the wood was evaluated by the method described above, and the wood did not catch fire.

実施例 2 2重量%の岩塩の水溶液への含浸は行わず、5
重量%の炭酸水素ナトリウムの代りに3重量%の
硫酸アンモニウムと3重量%のリン酸アンモニウ
ムを含む水溶液を用いた以外は実施例1をくり返
した。該処理木材を上記の方法で難燃性を評価し
た結果、着火しなかつた。
Example 2 Impregnation in an aqueous solution of 2% by weight of rock salt was not performed, and 5
Example 1 was repeated except that instead of the weight percent sodium bicarbonate, an aqueous solution containing 3 weight percent ammonium sulfate and 3 weight percent ammonium phosphate was used. The flame retardance of the treated wood was evaluated using the method described above, and it was found that it did not catch fire.

実施例 3 5重量%の炭酸水素ナトリウムの代りに3重量
%のホウ酸と3重量%のホウ砂を含む水溶液を用
いた以外は実施例1をくり返した。該処理木材を
上記の方法で難燃性を評価した結果、着火しなか
つた。
Example 3 Example 1 was repeated except that 5% by weight of sodium bicarbonate was replaced by an aqueous solution containing 3% by weight of boric acid and 3% by weight of borax. The flame retardance of the treated wood was evaluated using the method described above, and it was found that it did not catch fire.

比較例 1 ベイマツ材を実施例1と同様に製材し、3重量
%の硫酸アンモニウムと3重量%のリん酸アンモ
ニウムを含む水溶液に浸漬した。3時間後に取り
出し、10日間風乾したのち熱風式乾燥機中50℃で
20時間乾燥した。該木材を上記の方法で難燃性を
評価した結果、着火した。
Comparative Example 1 Douglas fir wood was milled in the same manner as in Example 1, and immersed in an aqueous solution containing 3% by weight of ammonium sulfate and 3% by weight of ammonium phosphate. After 3 hours, it was taken out and air-dried for 10 days, then heated at 50℃ in a hot air dryer.
Dry for 20 hours. As a result of evaluating the flame retardance of the wood using the above method, it was found that the wood caught fire.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 製材した木材を水溶性の無機塩の水溶液中
に、含水率が40%以上になるよう浸漬させ、浸漬
処理された木材を圧力釜内にて飽和水蒸気で加熱
加圧し、ついで該水蒸気を排出し、減圧下で処理
し、乾燥したのち、水溶性の防火薬剤を含浸せし
めることを特徴とする木材の難燃処理法。 2 乾燥を含水率が20%以下になるまで行なうこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の木材
の難燃処理法。
[Claims] 1. Sawn wood is immersed in an aqueous solution of water-soluble inorganic salts so that the moisture content becomes 40% or more, and the immersed wood is heated and pressurized with saturated steam in a pressure cooker. A method for flame retardant treatment of wood, characterized in that the water vapor is then discharged, treated under reduced pressure, dried, and then impregnated with a water-soluble fire retardant agent. 2. The method for flame retardant treatment of wood according to claim 1, characterized in that drying is carried out until the moisture content becomes 20% or less.
JP10280686A 1986-05-02 1986-05-02 Flame-resistant treatment method of wood Granted JPS62257801A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10280686A JPS62257801A (en) 1986-05-02 1986-05-02 Flame-resistant treatment method of wood

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10280686A JPS62257801A (en) 1986-05-02 1986-05-02 Flame-resistant treatment method of wood

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62257801A JPS62257801A (en) 1987-11-10
JPH0523161B2 true JPH0523161B2 (en) 1993-03-31

Family

ID=14337299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10280686A Granted JPS62257801A (en) 1986-05-02 1986-05-02 Flame-resistant treatment method of wood

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62257801A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101908948B1 (en) * 2016-12-16 2018-10-18 주식회사 인터아이즈 non-halogen and non-phosphorous flame-retardant solution

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62257801A (en) 1987-11-10

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