JPH05223451A - Drying control system for grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform draft drying by means of the open air during a time in which the taste and the grade of grains intended to be dried are detected and to effect switching to dehumidifying drying and hot blast drying after detection. CONSTITUTION:When a sample drying system is employed, draft drying by means of the open air is applied to grains under flow down through a grain drying chamber 15. A part of grains under draft drying are selected into large grains and unriped grains by a grain side selecting device 3 and the selected large grains are dried and hulled. A taste and a grade are detected by means of a taste detecting device 8 and grade detecting devices 6 and 7. From the detected results, a dehumidifying drying mode or a hot blast drying mode is selected, and through switching control to a selected drying mode, drying is executed. This system performs automatic switching to the dehumidifying drying mode and the hot blast drying mode from draft drying and realizes automation and stabilization of quality of dried grains.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drying control system for a grain dryer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, while feeding and flowing down the grains from the grain storage chamber to the grain drying chamber, hot air or dehumidifying air is passed through the drying chamber to allow the grains flowing down the drying chamber. Is exposed to these hot air or dehumidified air and dried. During this drying operation, some grains are supplied to the grain size selection device, and by passing through this grain size selection device, they are sorted into large grain grains and immature grains, and sorted large grain grains. The grain is supplied to the taste detecting device and the quality detecting device, the taste and quality of the grain are detected, and by these detection results, hot air drying by hot air or dehumidifying drying by dehumidifying air is selected. To be dried.

[0003]

The grains stored in the grain storage chamber of the grain dryer are fed from the storage chamber into the grain drying chamber and flowed down while hot air or dehumidified air blows through the drying chamber. By passing, the grains flowing down in the drying chamber,
When exposed to these hot air or dehumidified air and dried, and when the moisture content of the grain being dried reaches the finishing target moisture content, it is determined that the drying is completed, the dryer is stopped, and the drying of the grain is stopped. ..

During this drying operation, some grains are supplied to the grain size sorting device, and by passing through this grain size sorting device, they are sorted into large grain size grains and immature grains, and are sorted into large grains. Grain size grain is supplied to the taste detection device and the quality detection device, the taste and quality of this grain is detected, by these detection results,
Either hot air drying with hot air or dehumidifying drying with dehumidifying air is selected, and drying is performed by either of these methods.

Until the taste and quality of the grains are detected in this drying operation, ventilation drying is performed by passing the outside air, and after the taste and quality of the grains are detected, they are dried according to the detection results of the taste and quality. The method is to dry the grain by automatically selecting hot air drying or dehumidifying drying.

[0006]

According to the present invention, hot air is ventilated into the drying chamber 15 and is circulated while being dried while the grains are being fed from the upper grain storage chamber 14 to the lower grain drying chamber 15 and flowing down. In a grain dryer that supplies a part of the grain being dried to the grain size selection device 3 and sorts it into a large grain size grain and an immature grain,
The sampling and drying method in which both the selected large-sized grain and the immature grain are reduced to the dryer and dried to supply part of the selected large-sized grain to the taste detecting device 8 Ventilation for detecting or supplying quality to the quality detecting devices 6, 7 or the like capable of discriminating the body splitting, colored particles, etc., and stopping the hot air drying to pass the outside air to the drying chamber 15 for drying. A drying control system is characterized in that the drying is controlled by a drying control means.

[0007]

The grain stored in the grain storage chamber 14 of the grain dryer is fed from the storage chamber 14 into the grain drying chamber 15 and is allowed to flow while the outside air is passing through the drying chamber 15. By doing so, some of the grains are supplied to the particle size sorting device 3 while being air-dried by being exposed to the outside air and dried, and are sorted into large grain size grains and immature grain sizes, and the sample drying method is used. In this case, a part of the sorted large-sized grain is supplied to the taste detection device 8 and the quality detection devices 6 and 7, and the rest of the sorted large-sized grain and the sorted immature grain are It is reduced to a drier, mixed with the grains being circulated and dried in the drier, and dried by ventilation.

The taste detecting device 8 and the quality detecting device 6,
The taste and quality of the sorted large-sized grain supplied to 7 etc. are detected. Based on these detection results, low temperature constant hot air drying mode, low temperature constant temperature hot air drying mode, low temperature of hot air drying which is drying mode Step drying mode and overhang amount Hot air drying mode, or dehumidification drying mode of dehumidification drying with dehumidification air is automatically selected, and drying is performed in any of these modes, and the moisture content of the grain during this drying is selected. When reaches the finishing target water content, it is determined that the drying is completed, the dryer is stopped, and the drying of the grain is stopped.

[0009]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, until the taste and quality of the grain are detected, the grain is dried by ventilation, which is dried by the outside air. According to the detection result, the drying method was automatically selected and dried, so that automation was possible and the quality of the grain could be stabilized.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The illustrated example is a circulation type grain dryer 1 for drying grains.
A moisture sensor 2 for detecting the moisture of the grain, a particle size sorting device 3 for sorting the grain, a drying device 4 for drying the sample grain,
The hulling device 5 for hulling the sample grains, the drum split quality detecting device 6 for detecting the barrel split of the grains, the external quality detecting device 7 for detecting the external grade, the taste detecting device 8 for detecting the taste, and the hot air are It shows a state in which a hot air device 9 or the like for generating is installed and a dehumidifying device 10 for generating dehumidified air is provided.

The dryer 1 has a rectangular shape that is long in the front-rear direction and has a transfer gutter 12 and a ceiling plate 13 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed in the upper part of the machine wall 11. Below the ceiling plate 13, grains are provided. A grain storage chamber 14 for storing grains is formed. The grain drying chambers 15 and 15 are provided below the storage chamber 14 between the left and right air exhaust chambers 16 and 16 and the central air blowing chamber 17, and the grain drying chambers 15 and 15 have lower grains. The pay-out valves 18 for paying-out and paying off are respectively rotatably supported.

The grain collecting trough 19 rotatably supports a transfer spiral and is provided below the drying chambers 15 and 15 to communicate with each other. The hot air device 9 includes a burner 20 and a burner case 21.
The burner case 21 is installed in the interior of the machine wall 1
1 On the front side, it is detachably provided on the outer side of the hot air passage chamber 22 formed on the outer side of the machine wall 11 so as to correspond to the inlet side of the blower chamber 17, and the dryer 1 and the like are installed, dried and discharged. An operation device 23 for starting and stopping each work is detachably provided on the machine wall 11 on the front side.

The blower 24 is a machine wall 11 on the rear side,
The exhaust passage chamber 25 provided to communicate with the left and right exhaust chambers 16, 16 is provided in the central rear side exhaust cylinder 26, and the exhaust wall 24 on the rear side of the exhaust passage rotates the exhaust fan 24. A fan motor 27 is provided. A valve motor 28 rotationally drives the delivery valves 18, 18 via a speed reduction mechanism.

The particle size selecting device 3 includes the lateral machine wall 11
Of the immature grain that leaks through the sorting net is rotatably rotatably supported by a sorting net that is rotatably driven by a particle size sorting motor that sorts large-grained grains and immature grains in the inside. Grains are collected on one side of the downflow funnel 29. An immature grain opening / closing valve 30 that can be opened and closed is provided below the downflow funnel 29, and in the opened state of the immature grain opening / closing valve 30, the immature grains are supplied into the immature grain tank 32 through the immature grain downflow cylinder 31. When the immature grain opening / closing valve 30 is closed, the immature grains are supplied through the immature grain flow-down cylinder 33 into the squeeze hopper 35 provided below the grain raising machine 34 of the dryer 1.
At the time of sorting at the initial stage of the start of drying, the rotation of the sorting net is accelerated or inclined to remove a large amount of immature grains early.

The immature grain weighing machine 36 is provided in the immature grain tank 32.
The weight of the immature grains provided on the lower side and supplied to and stored in the immature grain tank 32 is measured. The large particle size grains that are sorted and transferred in the sorting net are supplied into the large particle size funnel 37 from the terminal end of the sorting net, and the large particle size funnel 37 is supplied.
A large particle size opening / closing valve 38 that can be opened and closed is provided in the lower portion, and when the large particle size opening / closing valve 38 is in a half-opened state, a part of the large particle size grain is sampled to the drying device 4 via the large particle size downflow tube 39. The grain is supplied as the grain, and the rest is passed through the large grain size falling pipe 40 and the grain raising machine 3
4 is fed into the tensioning hopper 35. Further, when the large particle size opening / closing valve 38 is closed, all the large particle size grains are supplied into the hopper 35 of the grain raising machine 34 through the large particle size downflow cylinder 40. Either one of these is done.

The drying device 4 is provided with a sample drying chamber 41 for drying a part of the supplied large-sized grains in a central portion,
A transfer spiral is provided in the lower portion of the sample drying chamber 41, a sample hot air device having a far infrared heater 42 therein is provided on one side of the sample drying chamber 41, and a sample exhaust device 43 for sucking and exhausting hot air is provided on the other side. Is provided. A large particle size measuring machine 44 for measuring the weight of the large particle size grains in the sample drying chamber 41 is provided below the drying device 4.

The hulling device 5 is provided below the drying device 4, and the large grain grains supplied from the transfer spiral of the sample drying chamber 41 are hulled by an internal transfer hulling spiral. The rice is separated into brown rice and rice husk, the rice husk is discharged to the outside of the machine, and the brown rice is supplied to the brown rice funnel 45. A brown rice switching valve 46 is provided below the brown rice funnel 45, and when the brown rice switching valve 46 is in a half-opened state, it is supplied to the taste detecting device 8 on the lower side through a brown rice falling tube 47, and the lower splitting quality is detected. It is supplied to the apparatus 6 through the brown rice falling tube 48, and is further supplied to the appearance quality detecting apparatus 7 on the lower side.

The taste detecting device 8 comprises a near-infrared spectroscopic analysis device emitted from a light source and a storage device for storing the coefficient for calculating the taste evaluation value. By these, the brown rice for the sample supplied through the brown rice lowering cylinder 47 is received and the taste is detected in three stages, for example, good, normal and bad, and the detected brown rice is passed through the brown rice discharging cylinder 49 and the grain refiner. It is supplied to the tension hopper 35 of 34.

The quality detecting devices 6 and 7 include the body split quality detecting device 6 and the appearance quality detecting device 7. Of these, the body split quality detection device 6 includes a transmitted light detection unit, and the presence or extent of the body crack can be determined by detecting the amount of transmitted light. On the other hand, the appearance quality detecting device 7 receives the brown rice for the sample supplied through the brown rice flow down tube 48 based on the data obtained by irradiating the transmitted light amount, the reflected light amount, etc., and damages that are mixed into the brown rice. The amount of mixed grains, foreign grains, foreign matter, dead rice, colored grains, etc. is detected. Thus, for example, the detected brown rice is detected in three stages of good, normal and bad, and the detected brown rice is supplied to the grain collecting trough 19 through the brown rice discharge pipe 50.

The fuel pump 51 has a fuel valve,
The fuel pump 51 is provided outside the lower plate of the burner case 21, and by opening and closing the fuel valve, the fuel in the fuel tank 52 is sucked by the fuel pump 51 and supplied to the burner 20.
The blower 53 is provided on the outer side of the upper plate, is rotationally driven at a variable speed by a blower motor 54 for shifting, and blows the combustion air corresponding to the supplied fuel amount to the burner 20 by the blower 53.

The dehumidifying device 10 is arranged at the front part of the dryer 1, and in order to convert the outside air sucked from the suction port into dehumidified wind, the low temperature low pressure gas which is a refrigerant is high temperature high pressure in the compressor. When it is adiabatically compressed to gas, it is deprived of heat when it passes through the condenser and changes to a high-temperature high-pressure liquid, after which it is reduced in pressure to a low-temperature low-pressure liquid by an expansion valve, and then absorbs heat when it passes through the evaporator. Is changed to low-temperature low-pressure gas, and the refrigerant is sequentially repeated in this cycle.
The outside air passing through the inside is dehumidified and converted into dehumidified air, and the dehumidified air passes from the hot air passage chamber 25, the blower chamber 17, and the drying chambers 15, 15.

The diffusion board 55 is provided at the center of the bottom plate of the transfer gutter 12 in the front-rear direction, below the supply port for supplying the transfer grains to the storage chamber 14, and evenly diffusing the grains into the storage chamber 14. I'm giving back. The discharge funnel 55 'is provided on the bottom plate portion of the starting end of the transfer gutter 12, and a discharge switching valve 59 that can be opened and closed is provided on the bottom plate portion. A discharge on-off valve 56 that can be opened and closed is provided below the discharge funnel 55'. During the installation and discharge operation, the dried grains are discharged to the outside of the machine through the discharge cylinder 57 by the opened state of the discharge opening / closing valve 56 and the fully opened state of the discharge switching valve 59. During the drying operation, the discharge opening / closing valve 56 is closed and the discharge switching valve 59 is half-opened so that the grains are circulated and supplied into the storage chamber 14 through the transfer gutter 12 and the discharge cylinder 58.
Some of the grains are supplied to the particle size selection device 3 through the above or the discharge switching valve 59 is closed, so that the grains only pass through the transfer gutter 12 into the storage chamber 14. Either circulation supply or one of these is performed. In addition, during the staking operation, the discharge switching valve 59 is closed, so that the grains are stretched into the storage chamber 14 through the transfer gutter 12.

The grain raising machine 34 is provided outside the front side of the machine wall 11 and has a belt with a bucket conveyor 60 stretched inside. The upper end portion is thrown between the transfer gutter 12 and the starting end portion. An outlet pipe 61 is provided for communication, and a lower end portion thereof is provided with a supply gutter 62 between the terminal end portion of the grain collecting trough 19 for communication. 63 is a sublimator motor, the belt with the bucket conveyor 60, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 12,
The moving spiral and the like in the diffusion board 55 and the grain collecting trough 19 are rotationally driven.

The moisture sensor 2 is provided substantially vertically in the center of the grain raising machine 34. The moisture sensor 2 is rotated by a moisture motor 64 when an electric measurement signal is transmitted from the operating device 23. Each part of the moisture sensor 2 is rotationally driven, and receives the grains falling while being conveyed to the upper portion by the bucket conveyor 60. While crushing the grains by pressure, the moisture of the crushed grains is detected.

The operating device 23 has a box shape, and the drier 1, the moisture sensor 2, the hot air device 9, the dehumidifying device 10, etc. are put on the surface plate of the box for drying, discharging. Each start switch 65 for starting operation for each work, stop switch 66 for stopping operation, moisture setting picker 67 for setting target finishing moisture of grain by operation position, hot air device 9 or hot air generated from dehumidifying device 10 Grain type setting scoop 68 for setting temperature or dehumidifying air temperature according to the operation position, scooping amount setting scoop 69 and processing setting scoop 69 'for setting the drying processing method, display unit 70 for digitally displaying various display items Also, a monitor display is provided.

Depending on the operation position of the processing setting scoop 69 ′, the drying method as shown in FIG. 4 is selected from normal drying, coarse drying, sample drying and sample rough drying. The feeding point and the feeding point of the sorted grain are controlled. The control device 71 is the operation device 23.
The moisture sensor 2 and the immature grain weighing machine 3 provided inside
6, the detection values detected by the large particle size measuring machine 44 and the hot air temperature sensor 72, the operation of each of the switches 65 and 66, the operation of each of the setting scoops 67, 68, 69 and 69 ', etc. are input,
CPU 7 that performs arithmetic logic operation and comparison operation on these inputs
3 and the like, and the CPU 73 operates the motors 27, 2
8, 54, 63, 64, motors for starting, stopping and controlling the fuel valve and the fuel pump 51, and for fully opening and closing and half-opening the on-off valves 30, 38, 46, 56, 59. This is a configuration for performing rotation and stop control. Each of the setting knobs 67, 68, 69, 69 'is of a rotary switch type, and predetermined numerical values and types are set according to the operating position.

The drying control of the grain by the control unit 71 is configured as follows. That is, the processing setting knob 69 'is operated to the sample drying position, the start switch 65 for starting the drying operation is operated, and these operations are input to the CPU 73. By this input, the drying work is started (step 101), and the hot air device 9
Further, the dehumidifying device 10 is not started, and the ventilation drying in which the outside air passes through the drying chambers 15 and 15 is started (step 102), and the grains are stored in the storage chamber 14 and the particle size selection device 3
And large grain size grains and immature grain size are sorted by the grain size sorting device 3 (step 103), and a part of the sorted large grain size grains is extracted as a sampling grain grain (step 103). 104), a part of the sampled grains is supplied to the body splitting quality detection device 6 and the appearance quality detection device 7, and as shown in FIG. 5, damaged grains other than the amount of dead rice mixed, colored grains, different grains, and The quality due to the mixing ratio of foreign matters and the like is detected as, for example, good, normal and bad, and it is detected that there is and is not mixed with dead rice, and the remaining sampling grains are supplied to the taste detecting device 8 and the taste is For example, good, normal and bad are detected (step 105).

Based on the detection results of the quality, the amount of dead rice and the taste, the drying mode as shown in FIG. 5 is the dehumidifying and drying mode by the dehumidifying air from the dehumidifying device 10, and the outside air temperature of the hot air drying by the hot air from the hot air device 9. For example, a low temperature constant hot air drying mode with a low temperature constant hot air that is higher by 10 ° C., a low temperature step drying mode in which a predetermined temperature is sequentially increased from a low temperature that is higher than the outside air temperature by 10 ° C. or a predetermined temperature is increased every predetermined moisture,
And the hot air temperature is set according to the amount of grain to be inflated, the four modes of the infiltration amount hot air drying mode are classified, and the drying mode is selected from these four modes (step 106), and ventilation drying is switched to the selected drying mode. (Step 10
7).

When the dehumidifying and drying mode and the low temperature constant hot air drying mode are selected, the selected large grain size grains supplied to the drying device 4 out of the predetermined grain amount supplied to the grain size selecting device 3 are selected. Is weighed by the large grain size measuring machine 44, and the weight of the sorted immature grains discharged to the immature grain tank 32 is weighed by the immature grain weighing machine 36. Whether the amount of immature grains is large or small is detected by the weight of grains and the weight of immature grains, and the selection is continued,
Alternatively, it is determined whether to stop (step 108).

In the low temperature step drying mode and the swelling amount hot air drying mode, sorting by the grain size sorting device 3 is not performed. In addition, the control device 71 has the following functions. When the moisture sensor 2 detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting knob 67, it is detected that the drying of the grain has been completed, and the dryer 1
Automatic stop control.

From the average grain moisture calculated from a plurality of grain moistures detected by the moisture sensor 2, it is detected that grains having a high moisture content have a large amount of immature grains, and grains having a low moisture content have an immature grain. Detected as low, the grain ratio of this grain is calculated, the calculated grain ratio is high, for example, when the grain is 95% or more, the grain is generally considered to have a good taste,
As shown in FIG. 8, when the grain ratio is 95%, the drying mode is the low temperature constant hot air drying mode of the hot air drying by the hot air from the hot air device 9. The low temperature step drying mode is selected for grains having a standard grain ratio of 90% to 95%. Further, when the grain ratio is 90% or less, which has a low refined grain ratio, it is possible to adopt a method in which a swelling amount hot air drying mode is selected and dried.

Further, the fine grain ratio is calculated based on the weighing result of the immature grain and the large grain grain measured by the immature grain weighing machine 36 and the large grain size weighing machine 44, and the calculated fine grain ratio is calculated. Accordingly, as described above, the drying mode may be a method in which a low temperature constant hot air drying mode, a low temperature step drying mode, and a stake amount hot air drying mode are selected and dried. The operation of the above embodiment will be described below.

Setting knobs 67, 68, 6 of the operating device 23
The sample drying is selected as the drying method by operating 9, 69 'to a predetermined position, operating the processing setting knob 69' to the sample drying position, and operating the start switch 65 for starting the drying operation. Each part of the dryer 1 and the moisture sensor 2
Etc. are started, and the outside air is passed from the hot air passage chamber 22, the air blowing chamber 17 through the grain drying chambers 15, 15 and then through the air exhaust chambers 16, 16 and the air exhaust passage chamber 25 to be sucked and discharged by the air blower 24. To be winded.

The grains stored in the grain storage chamber 14 are flowing from the storage chamber 14 into the drying chambers 15 and 15,
Each of the feeding valves 18, 18 is exposed to the outside wind and dried.
It is fed to the lower part at the bottom and flows down and is supplied from the grain collecting gutter 19 to the gutter 6
2 is transferred and fed by the lower transfer spiral into the grain-raising machine 34, and is conveyed to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 60 and the ejection cylinder 6
1 is supplied into the transfer gutter 12 and is then supplied from the transfer gutter 12 onto the diffusion plate 55 by an upper transfer spiral, and is uniformly diffused and reduced into the storage chamber 14 by the diffusion plate 55 and is supplied by outside air. Draft circulation drying.

Further, a part of the grains which are being dried has a particle size selection device 3
Is fed to the grain size selection device 3 to be sorted into large grain size grains and immature grain size, and the sorted immature grain size is fed from the downflow funnel 29 through the immature grain flow down tube 33 to the hopper of the grain raising machine 34. It is supplied into the dryer 35 and returned to the dryer 1. The sorted large grain grain is supplied from the large grain funnel 37 through the large grain downflow tube 39 to the drying device 4 and dried, and the dried large grain grain is supplied to the hulling device 5 and paddy. Some of the hulled brown rice is then fed from the brown rice funnel 45 to the taste detecting device 8 through the brown rice falling tube 47, and the taste of the brown rice is detected as good, normal and bad, and another part of the rice is detected. The grain-polished brown rice is supplied from the brown rice funnel 45 through the brown rice falling tube 48 to the body split quality detecting device 6 and further to the external appearance quality detecting device 7 to detect that the quality of the brown rice is good, normal or bad. At the same time, it is detected that dead rice is not mixed in or is present.

The dehumidifying hot air generated from the dehumidifying device 10 due to the detected taste, quality and dead rice mixture,
It is selected from a dehumidification drying mode for drying, a low temperature constant hot air drying mode for hot air drying with hot air generated from the hot air device 9, a low temperature step drying mode and a stake amount hot air drying mode, and switching control is performed to the selected drying mode. , Grains are circulated and dried in the selected drying mode in the same manner as draft drying.

When the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 2 is the same as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting scoop 67, it is determined that the drying of the grain is completed. It is detected, and is automatically controlled by the control device 71 to automatically stop the dryer 1, and the drying of the grain is stopped.

[Brief description of drawings]

 The figure shows an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a grain dryer.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the drying method and the grain supply points.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between a drying mode and sorting by a particle size sorting device.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view in which a part of the grain dryer is partially broken.

FIG. 8 is a relationship diagram between a fine grain ratio and a drying mode in another example.

[Explanation of Codes] 3 Particle Size Sorting Device 6, 7 Quality Detection Device 8 Taste Detection Device 14 Grain Storage Room 15 Grain Drying Room

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A part of the grains being circulated and dried while hot air is blown into the drying chamber 15 while the grains are being drawn from the upper grain storage chamber 14 to the lower grain drying chamber 15 and flowing down. In a grain drier for selecting the large grain size grain and the immature grain size by supplying the grain size sorting device 3 to the large grain size grain and the immature grain size, and reducing both the sorted large grain grain size grain and the immature grain grain to the drier. A part of the selected large-sized grain is supplied to the taste detecting device 8 by the sampling drying method of drying by detecting the taste, or is supplied to the quality detecting devices 6, 7 etc. capable of distinguishing the taste split or the colored particles. When detecting the quality,
A drying control method characterized in that hot-air drying is stopped and ventilation drying is performed in which outside air is allowed to pass through the drying chamber 15 for drying, which is controlled by a drying control means.