JPH05221764A - Fermentation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance throughput without generating a lump by providing a mixing agitator fitted with the blades as prescribed, a horizontal fermenter and a heating means for holding the temperature in the fermenter. CONSTITUTION:An agitation shaft 10 fitted with bar blades 3A described below and L-type blades 3B besides the same is provided in a horizontal fermenter 1 into which the material to be treated is introduced. The bar blade 3A is constituted so that both end parts are present in the same rectangular cross section and two pieces are symmetrically arranged. A driver 4 is arranged in one end of the shaft 10. Then, a fermentation device is manufactured by fitting the blades 3B so that an oblique angle is regulated to 15-45 deg. for the rectangular cross section of the shaft 10 regulating the number of sheet fitted to the shaft 10 within three sheets in the cross section of the same agitation shaft and arranging the fitting positions zigzag for the adjacent cross section of the agitation shaft. Then, the material to be treated is supplied to the fermenter 1 from an introduction port 7 and fermented by maintaining the inside of the fermenter 1 at the required temperature by a heating heater 9. The fermented material is obtained and recovered from a discharge port 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fermentation apparatus having a horizontal mixing and stirring mechanism for aerobically fermenting organic substances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional fermentation apparatus, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-2
As described in Japanese Patent No. 77534 (hereinafter abbreviated as a published patent), the blades of the mixing and stirring apparatus are rod blades at both ends, and the inside thereof is a T-shaped blade inclined with respect to a cross section perpendicular to the stirring axis. With this shape and the optimal arrangement and mounting pitch, the lateral pushing action on the side wall is released, the formation of lumps is prevented, the contact with the air is good, and the bacteria can be stirred and moved to promote fermentation. Further, it has excellent performances such as very small driving force, low operating cost, little fluctuation during rotation and long stability of the driving device.

[0003]

However, the device disclosed in the published patent has the following problems. That is, when the filling volume (hereinafter volume ratio) of the fermented product with respect to the inner volume of the fermentor exceeds about 90%, the time until uniform mixing becomes long and the productivity deteriorates. In addition, the fermentation time is extended. This tendency is particularly strong for the processed product having adhesive and tackiness, and there is a problem that the processed product becomes a drum shape by stirring.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is to solve the above problems, and a horizontal fermentation tank into which an object to be treated is charged, and heating means for keeping the temperature in the fermentation tank within a predetermined range, A ventilation means and a mixing and stirring device are provided, and the blades of the mixing and stirring device are rod blades at least at both ends in the stirring axis direction, and the inclination angle α with respect to a cross section perpendicular to the stirring axis is 15 ° to 4 between the rod blades.
The fermentation apparatus is characterized in that it is an L-shaped blade of 5 °, the number of L-shaped blades attached to the stirring shaft is within 3 pieces of the same stirring shaft cross section, and the mounting positions are staggered with respect to the adjacent stirring shaft cross section. is there. Further, the present invention is also characterized in that an L-shaped blade having an inclination angle α with respect to a cross section perpendicular to the stirring axis is 75 ° to 90 ° in place of the rod blade.

[0005]

The present invention is a horizontal type fermentation tank into which a material to be treated is put, and has a heating means, a ventilation means and a mixing and stirring means for promoting fermentation. At least both ends of the mixing and stirring device in the direction of the stirring axis are bar blades, so that the lateral pushing force to the side wall is relaxed and the contents are prevented from solidifying.

Further, in the present invention, an L-shaped stirring blade set to a specific angle and positional relationship is used. These will be described based on data such as a driving force and a mixing function when the material to be treated is mixed and stirred using the fermentation apparatus of the present invention.

First, comparison data of the driving force between the blade shape of the present invention and the above-mentioned published patent are shown in FIG. 5 (comparing assuming the average driving force of the T-shaped blade of the published patent as 100%). The organic matter used in the experiment was chicken manure with a water content of 50%. Further, assuming that the mounting direction of the L-shaped blade is as shown in FIG. 3, α is 30 °
Is. According to this, compared to the embodiment of the published patent, the L-shaped blade has an average driving force of 0.9 times, and like the T-shaped blade of the published patent, the driving force does not change much during one rotation and the driving force is stable. I understand that. 3 and 4 are developed views showing the arrangement of the blades, where the horizontal axis indicates the position on the stirring axis and the vertical axis indicates the position in the circumferential direction.

6 and 7 show data comparing the change in driving force and the mixing time by changing the mounting angle α of the L-shaped blade with the mounting direction of the blade of the L-shaped blade shown in FIG. Show. In addition, the mixing time experiment was performed with 50% water content of sawdust.
Fermented chicken manure with a% water content was carried out in a volume ratio of 8: 2. Figure 6
Shows that the driving force is smaller as the mounting angle α of the L-shaped blade is smaller, like the T-shaped blade of the published patent. At this time, the driving force of the L-shaped blade is smaller and the driving force is better. (Compare the average driving force at α = 30 ° as 100%, and use bar blades at both ends). FIG. 7 shows that the range of the mounting angle α of the L-shaped blade between 15 ° and 45 ° is excellent in the uniform mixing function, and the uniform mixing performance is superior to that of the T-shaped blade of the published patent.

On the other hand, the mixing and stirring mechanism of the fermentor requires operating costs,
In order to reduce the equipment cost, the smaller the driving force is, the better, but uniform mixing is indispensable to obtain high-speed fermentation, homogenization, and high-level fermentation, and the installation angle α of the L-shaped blade is 15
It can be seen that the range of ° to 45 ° is desirable.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the volume ratio and the uniform mixing required time ratio. Case 1 uses a mixture of sawdust and poultry manure similar to the driving force experiment, and the blade mounting angle α = 3
It is 0 °. As can be seen from the above, when the volume ratio of the T-shaped blade of the published patent exceeds 90%, the time required for mixing rapidly increases. On the other hand, in the L-shaped blade of the present invention, the mixing time is gradually extended even if the volume ratio increases, and the mixing performance is excellent. The volume ratio of 100% means that there is a charged material in the full range of stirring by the blade, and when it exceeds 100%, the space above the stirring tank is filled.

The relationship when sludge with high adhesiveness is used in Case 2 will be shown. As is clear from the figure, when the volume ratio of the disclosed patent T type blade exceeds 90%, it becomes drum-shaped and the mixing is not performed. On the other hand, with the L-shaped blade of the present invention, mixing was possible even if it exceeded 100%. The mounting direction of the L-shaped blades in Case 1 and Case 2 in FIG.
I used the one of the arrangement.

The axial gap l between adjacent blades is
It is preferable to change (FIG. 1) in the range of −100 to +100 mm depending on the physical properties of the organic material. Further, in the case of an organic substance having strong adhesiveness and stickiness, for example, sludge, it is necessary to rub off the entire surface of the fermentation tank with a blade, so that it is necessary to shorten the mounting pitch of the blade. Therefore, the number of rod blades provided within the range of both ends d / 2 increases and the equipment cost increases. Moreover, once the content adheres to the rod blade and grows, the entire content becomes an integral body, and when the content begins to rotate in a drum shape, the drum will not break and fermentation will stop, which may lead to anaerobic fermentation, which makes maintenance difficult. Therefore, instead of this rod blade, an L-shaped blade is attached at an attachment angle α of -75 ° to -90 °, or + 75 ° to +.
It has been confirmed by experiments that the installation cost is reduced and the maintainability is maintained if the installation is performed within the range of 90 °.

In the experiments shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the L-shaped blade of the present invention is mounted in the arrangement shown in FIG.
~ As a result of carrying out the experiment of Fig. 8 with the blades arranged in Fig. 4, Fig. 3
The result was similar to that of

Also, in this experiment, 1, 2, 3, 4 blades of L-shaped blades were attached on the same cross section perpendicular to the stirring axis, and the effect of the number of blades on the driving force and uniform mixing time was compared. The ratio is shown in Table 1.

[0015]

[Table 1]

As a result, the driving force of the single blade is smaller than that of the two blades, and the time required for uniform mixing is slightly extended. The three blades are the opposite, but both can be used depending on the physical properties of the organic matter. In the case of 4 blades, it is good if it is not sticky or sticky, but if it is there, the contents are held by the support rod, the L-shaped blade, and the stirring shaft, and it only rotates in a drum shape. I don't know. The numerical values in parentheses in Table 1 show the case where the entire object to be processed is integrally rotated in a drum state.

Next, FIG. 9 shows data comparing the projection angles θ (FIG. 2) of the L-shaped blades. The driving force is 90 ° for one blade,
The two blades and the three blades were each set to 60 ° as a reference, and the axial projection distance 1 between the blades in the stirring axis direction was compared with the position at which the reference angle was 0 as a reference.

As a result, it was found that when the projection angle θ ° exceeds the reference, the driving force increases, and when it exceeds 30%, the increase rate suddenly increases. On the other hand, if it becomes smaller than the reference value, the driving force becomes smaller, but the gap l is formed in the axial direction between the adjacent blades.
In the case of a sticky, sticky or sticky product, it does not move and remains fermented while still attached to the inner wall of the fermenter, which hinders product uniformity. However, in the case of a non-adhesive and elastic material such as an onion skin, there is no problem because the stirring proceeds even if the gap 1 is about 80 mm. Due to the physical properties of the organic substance, the gap 1 is -100 to 100%. It may be changed within the range of +100 mm.

[0019]

EXAMPLE A schematic view of an example of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 is a schematic front sectional view, and FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view perpendicular to the stirring axis. Reference numeral 1 is a horizontal fermentation tank into which the material to be treated is put. Reference numeral 10 is a stirring shaft to which a blade for mixing and stirring the object to be treated is attached, and a drive device 4 is provided at one end thereof.
The blade shape is a rod blade 3A in which both ends are symmetrically arranged in the same right-angled cross section, and the other blades are L-shaped blades 3B.

In the present embodiment, the rod blade 3A is provided only at both ends of the stirring shaft 10. However, it is not limited to this, and when the diameter of the inner wall of the fermentation tank is d, it is within the range of d / 2 from the side wall 11 of the fermentation tank. Use the blade 3A. By using the rod blades at both ends, the lateral pushing force to the side wall is released by the rod blades 3A to prevent the contents from being compressed, as compared with the case where only the L-shaped blades 3B are used, and as a result, the formation of lumps is prevented. At the same time, the driving power was reduced.

In this embodiment, the mounting angle α of the L-shaped blade 3B is + 30 ° and -30 °, and two blades in the same cross section are used.
The projection angle θ of the L-shaped blade is 50 °, and the projection distance l in the axial direction is +
Although it is set to 5 mm, the mounting angle α of the L-shaped blade 3B is not limited to this, and is within the range of + 15 ° to + 45 ° or −15 ° to −45 ° with respect to the cross section perpendicular to the stirring axis, and the cross section of the same right angle with the stirring axis. One or a maximum of three support rods 2 are used, and one or a maximum of three L-shaped blades 3B having a radial height of d / 5 or less are provided in the immediate vicinity of the inner wall of the fermenter (in the case of a plurality of sheets, they are arranged at equal angles ) Install. The mounting direction of the L-shaped blade 3B is such that the blades are arranged in a zigzag manner as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 so that the contents are moved in the opposite direction, and the mixing effect of the contents is enhanced, and the contents are The power to lift an object is small. Further, the clearance between the L-shaped blade 3B and the inner wall 13 of the fermentation tank is set to 1 to 30 mm so that the adhered matter on the inner wall of the tank can be scraped off.

Further, the projection angle θ of the L-shaped blade 3B onto the cross section perpendicular to the stirring axis is 90 ° + 27 ° to −54 in the case of one blade.
In the range of °, 60 ° + 18 ° ～ -for 2 or 3 blades
Within the range of 36 °, the mounting pitch in the stirring axis direction is such that the projected distance l in the axial direction of the adjacent L-shaped blades 3B is −100 to +1.
By setting it within the range of 00 mm (+ indicates that there is a gap), the compression action due to the abrupt change of the passage cross section between the L-shaped blades while the content is being stirred is reduced, and L
The contents lifted by the mold blades are peeled off by their own weight, and the space where they fall easily is maintained to enhance the effect of contact with air so that fermentation can be continued in good condition.

Air required for fermentation is sucked by a fan (not shown), enters the fermentation tank 1 through the intake port 5, and is exhausted through the exhaust port 6. Reference numeral 9 is a heater for maintaining the inside of the fermentor 1 at a predetermined temperature. The substance to be treated is supplied to the fermentation tank 1 through the input port 7 and, after mixing and stirring for the required time, is discharged through the discharge port 8 when fermentation is completed.

[0024]

According to the present invention, the amount of material to be treated is 10 or less.
Even when the volume ratio was 0 to 110%, the uniform mixing time was shorter than that of the conventional apparatus using the T-shaped blade, and no lump was generated, so that the processing capacity of the machine could be increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a development view showing the arrangement of blades of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a development view showing the arrangement of blades of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the L-shaped blade of the present invention and the conventional blade and the driving force.

FIG. 6 is a mounting angle α of an L-shaped blade of the present invention and a conventional blade
Graph showing the relationship between drive force and

FIG. 7: Mounting angle α of L-shaped blade of the present invention and conventional blade
Graph showing the relationship between the required time ratio for uniform mixing and

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the volume ratio of the L-shaped blade of the present invention and the conventional blade and the required time ratio for uniform mixing.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the projection angle and the driving force ratio of the L-shaped blade of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Fermenter 2 Support rod 3A Rod blade 3B L type blade 4 Driving device 5 Intake port 6 Exhaust port 9 Heating heater 10 Stirring shaft

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Norihiro Hamakawa 46-59 Nakahara, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture, Nippon Steel Plant Design Co., Ltd. (72) Kenji Harada, Nakahara 46-59, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture Nittetsu Plant Design Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Seiji Kugimiya 46-59 Nakahara, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture 46-59 Nitto Plant Design Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Akiyoshi 46-59 Nakahara, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture Nittetsu Plant Design Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Koji Harada 46-59 Nakahara, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture 46-59 Nittetsu Plant Design Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A horizontal fermentation tank into which a material to be treated is charged,
It has a heating means for keeping the temperature in the fermentor within a predetermined range, an aeration means and a mixing and stirring device, and the blades of the mixing and stirring device are rod blades at least at both ends in the stirring axis direction, and stirring is performed between the rod blades. The inclination angle α with respect to the cross section perpendicular to the axis is 15 ° to 45 °
Fermenter, wherein the number of the L-shaped blades to be attached to the stirring shaft is 3 or less on the same stirring shaft cross section, and the mounting positions are staggered with respect to the adjacent stirring shaft cross sections. 2. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an L-shaped blade having an inclination angle α with respect to a cross section perpendicular to the stirring axis is 75 ° to 90 ° in place of the rod blade.