JPH05220358A - Membrane filtration method - Google Patents

Membrane filtration method

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Publication number
JPH05220358A
JPH05220358A JP2828592A JP2828592A JPH05220358A JP H05220358 A JPH05220358 A JP H05220358A JP 2828592 A JP2828592 A JP 2828592A JP 2828592 A JP2828592 A JP 2828592A JP H05220358 A JPH05220358 A JP H05220358A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
membrane
membrane filter
filter
filtration
stock solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2828592A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroshi Kobayashi
浩志 小林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanki Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Priority to JP2828592A priority Critical patent/JPH05220358A/en
Publication of JPH05220358A publication Critical patent/JPH05220358A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the accumulation of solid matter on the surface of a membrane and to clean the membrane surface with a small amt. of power when solid matter, etc., are efficiently filtered off by using a filter membrane for microfiltration, ultrafiltration, etc. CONSTITUTION:A membrane filter 24 having a permeated liq. outlet is immersed in a vessel 20 contg. a raw liq. 21, the filter 24 is vibrated, and the raw liq. is filtered. A gas such as air is diffused, if necessary, from below the filter 24.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、精密濾過,限外濾過等
の濾過膜を使用して効率的に濾過を行い固形物等を分離
する膜濾過方法に関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a membrane filtration method for efficiently separating a solid matter by performing filtration using a filtration membrane such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、精密濾過,限外濾過等の濾過膜を
使用して効率的に濾過を行い固形物等を分離する膜濾過
方法としては、例えば、特開昭61−25607号公
報,特開昭61−138505号公報,特開昭62−9
7604号公報等に開示されているものが知られてい
る。
2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, as a membrane filtration method for efficiently separating a solid matter or the like by using a filtration membrane such as microfiltration or ultrafiltration, there has been disclosed, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-25607. JP-A 61-138505, JP-A 62-9
What is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7604 is known.

【0003】又、膜濾過器としては、例えば、実開平2
−66227号公報,実開平2−66228号公報,特
開平2−268816号公報,実公平3−50972号
公報,実公平3−50974号公報,実公平3−509
75号公報等に開示される如く、平板膜,中空糸膜,管
状膜等を用いたものが知られている。
Further, as the membrane filter, for example, an actual flatbed 2
-66227, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-66228, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-268816, Japanese Utility Model 3-50972, Japanese Utility Model 3-50974, Japanese Utility Model 3-509.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 75, etc., those using flat plate membranes, hollow fiber membranes, tubular membranes, etc. are known.

【0004】この種の膜濾過器を用いて原液を精密濾
過,限外濾過等の透過膜で濾過していくと、膜を透過し
ない物質は、膜表面に集まり(濃度分極という)、やが
てゲル状の物質を形成し、膜の濾過速度を低下させる。
When the undiluted solution is filtered through a permeable membrane such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration using this type of membrane filter, substances that do not pass through the membrane gather on the membrane surface (called concentration polarization) and eventually gel. They form a substance that reduces the filtration rate of the membrane.

【0005】通常の膜分離操作では、これらの濃度分極
やゲル層の形成を抑え、効率的に濾過を行う方法として
クロスフイルトレーション(十字流濾過)が行われてい
る。これを図5に基づいて説明する。
In a normal membrane separation operation, cross filtration (cross flow filtration) is carried out as a method of suppressing the concentration polarization and the formation of a gel layer and efficiently filtering. This will be described with reference to FIG.

【0006】1は原液が入れられた供給タンクであり、
膜濾過器2と管路3を介して連絡している。管路3に
は、供給ポンプ4,流量調整弁5,流量(指示)計6,
圧力計7が設けられている。
[0006] 1 is a supply tank containing the stock solution,
It is in communication with the membrane filter 2 via a line 3. A supply pump 4, a flow rate adjusting valve 5, a flow rate (indicator) meter 6,
A pressure gauge 7 is provided.

【0007】又、膜濾過器2には、供給タンク1又は管
路3への戻りの管路8が取り付けられている。管路8に
は、圧力計9が設けられると共に、バイパス10が設け
られている。バイパス10には、流量調整弁11が設け
られている。
Further, the membrane filter 2 is provided with a return pipe 8 to the supply tank 1 or the pipe 3. The pipeline 8 is provided with a pressure gauge 9 and a bypass 10. The bypass 10 is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve 11.

【0008】更に、膜濾過器2には、透過液を取り出す
管路12が取り付けられている。管路12には、流量計
13が設けてある。そして、供給ポンプ4によって供給
タンク1内の原液が管路3を介して膜濾過器2へ送ら
れ、ここで濾過され、透過液が管路12を介して図示し
ないタンクに集められ、透過しない原液が管路8を介し
て供給タンク1又は管路3へ戻される。
Further, the membrane filter 2 is provided with a conduit 12 for taking out the permeated liquid. A flow meter 13 is provided in the conduit 12. Then, the undiluted solution in the supply tank 1 is sent to the membrane filter 2 through the pipe 3 by the supply pump 4 and filtered there, and the permeated liquid is collected in the tank (not shown) through the pipe 12 and does not permeate. The stock solution is returned to the supply tank 1 or the conduit 3 via the conduit 8.

【0009】この濾過操作中、膜濾過器2の前後に設け
た圧力計7,9で夫々圧力を測定し、その差圧が所定値
以上になると、膜濾過器2の内部は原液の通る内面に膜
が張られた直径10mmから25mm程度の筒状や数mm厚さの積
層プレートで構成されており、供給ポンプ4で押し込ま
れた原液は、狭隘なこの間隙を1m/秒〜3m/秒に及
ぶ高速で乱流状態で流下することになり、膜面に集積し
ようとする固形物を剥ぎ取り膜面近傍で濃度が高くなる
ことを防止する。
During this filtration operation, pressures are respectively measured with pressure gauges 7 and 9 provided in front of and behind the membrane filter 2, and when the differential pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the inside of the membrane filter 2 passes through the inner surface through which the undiluted solution passes. It is composed of a cylindrical plate with a diameter of 10 mm to 25 mm or a laminated plate with a thickness of several mm, and the stock solution pushed by the supply pump 4 has a narrow gap of 1 m / sec to 3 m / sec. It flows down in a turbulent state at a high speed, and strips off the solid matter to be accumulated on the film surface to prevent the concentration from increasing near the film surface.

【0010】従って、従来の膜濾過器2では、クロスフ
イルトレーションによって長期使用を可能としている。
Therefore, the conventional membrane filter 2 can be used for a long period of time by the cross filtration.

【0011】[0011]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】然し、クロスフイルト
レーションは、長時間の使用で濾過速度の低下や濾過圧
力の増大は避け難く、毎日若しくは数日から数週間の間
隔で薬品等による洗浄を行わなければならない。
However, in the cross filtration, it is unavoidable that the filtration rate is decreased and the filtration pressure is increased by using it for a long time, and it is necessary to wash with a chemical or the like every day or at intervals of several days to several weeks. It must be made.

【0012】又、クロスフイルトレーションは、膜濾過
器2の膜の表面上に高速で流し、乱流状態として、膜面
での濃度勾配を少なくし、ゲル層の発達を防止するた
め、必要な高流速を与えるための動力が大きいものであ
った。
Cross filtration is necessary in order to reduce the concentration gradient on the membrane surface and prevent the development of the gel layer by causing the membrane filter 2 to flow on the surface of the membrane at a high speed to create a turbulent state. The power to give such a high flow velocity was large.

【0013】そのため、経済性の点から膜法による処理
が大規模にかつ普遍的に普及しない原因ともなってい
る。本発明は斯かる従来の問題点を解決するために為さ
れたもので、その目的は、膜表面に固形物が集積しない
ようにすると共に少ない動力で膜面を洗浄することがで
きる膜濾過方法を提供することにある。
Therefore, from the viewpoint of economy, it is a cause that the treatment by the membrane method is not widely spread on a large scale. The present invention has been made to solve such conventional problems, and an object thereof is a membrane filtration method capable of preventing solid matter from accumulating on the membrane surface and cleaning the membrane surface with a small amount of power. To provide.

【0014】[0014]

【課題を解決するための手段】請求項1は、原液を入れ
た容器内に透過液の取出口の付いた膜濾過器を没入し、
この膜濾過器を振動しながら濾過するものである。
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a membrane filter having an outlet for permeated liquid is immersed in a container containing a stock solution,
This membrane filter vibrates and filters.

【0015】請求項2は、原液を入れた容器内に透過液
の取出口の付いた膜濾過器を没入し、この膜濾過器の下
方から空気などのガス体を散気しつつ膜濾過器を振動し
ながら濾過するものである。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a membrane filter having an outlet for permeated liquid is immersed in a container containing the stock solution, and a gas body such as air is diffused from below the membrane filter while the membrane filter is being diffused. Is filtered while vibrating.

【0016】[0016]

【作用】図1乃至図3を用いて本発明を説明する。図1
において、20は原液21を入れる容器であり、図示し
ない機器によって液温を一定に保つようにしてある。
The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 1
In the above, reference numeral 20 is a container for containing the stock solution 21, and the solution temperature is kept constant by a device (not shown).

【0017】又、この容器20には、振動装置22が取
り付けてある。この振動装置22には、容器20の縁部
に支持される振動架台23が取り付けられている。この
振動架台23には、膜濾過器24が取り付けられてい
る。そして、膜濾過器24は、容器20内の原液21中
に没入している。
A vibration device 22 is attached to the container 20. A vibration base 23 supported by the edge of the container 20 is attached to the vibration device 22. A membrane filter 24 is attached to the vibration mount 23. The membrane filter 24 is immersed in the stock solution 21 in the container 20.

【0018】この膜濾過器24としては、例えば、図2
に示す如く、平板膜25を用いた。この平板膜25は、
強度を保つためにプラスチック製基材の両面に透水性シ
ートを貼り、更にその上に限外濾過膜を貼り、端部をシ
ールすることによって形成されている。
As the membrane filter 24, for example, FIG.
The flat plate film 25 was used as shown in FIG. The flat plate film 25 is
In order to maintain strength, a water-permeable sheet is attached on both sides of a plastic base material, an ultrafiltration membrane is attached on the water-permeable sheet, and the ends are sealed.

【0019】この平板膜25には、膜表面から浸透した
清澄な液体(透過液)を捕集するためのノズル26が設
けられている。そして、この平板膜25を支持棒27を
介して数枚組み合わせることによって、図2の膜濾過器
24が形成されている。
The flat plate film 25 is provided with a nozzle 26 for collecting the clear liquid (permeated liquid) that has permeated from the film surface. A plurality of the flat plate membranes 25 are combined with each other through the support rods 27 to form the membrane filter 24 of FIG.

【0020】次に、この膜濾過器24のノズル26に管
路28を取り付ける。この管路28には、真空計29,
吸引ポンプ30,バイパス弁31,調圧弁32を設け
る。そして、管路28の終端部に測定用の容器33を配
置する。
Next, the pipe 28 is attached to the nozzle 26 of the membrane filter 24. A vacuum gauge 29,
A suction pump 30, a bypass valve 31, and a pressure regulating valve 32 are provided. Then, the container 33 for measurement is arranged at the terminal end of the conduit 28.

【0021】この状態で、振動装置22を用いて膜濾過
器24を50〜200rpm望ましくは 100〜150rpm、振幅10〜
50mmで振動させ、透過液側から吸引ポンプ30で吸引し
て透過液を得た。
In this state, the vibrating device 22 is used to move the membrane filter 24 to 50 to 200 rpm, preferably 100 to 150 rpm, and an amplitude of 10 to 10.
It was vibrated at 50 mm, and a permeate was obtained by suctioning with a suction pump 30 from the permeate side.

【0022】この際、膜濾過器24では、平板膜25の
膜面に対して原液の流れ方向が頻繁に切り変わるため、
死水部ができず、膜面の洗浄効果が同速度のクロスフイ
ルトレーションより高く、時間当たりの透過液量(フラ
ックス)の減少が少ない。
At this time, in the membrane filter 24, the flow direction of the undiluted solution changes frequently with respect to the membrane surface of the flat plate membrane 25.
No dead water part is formed, the cleaning effect on the membrane surface is higher than that of cross filtration at the same speed, and the permeated liquid amount (flux) per unit time is less reduced.

【0023】又、この時、間欠的に容器20の下部より
ガスを散気すると、膜表面を振動を横切る方向に剪断力
が働くため、一層効果的に膜面の濃度分極を防止するこ
とができる。
At this time, if gas is intermittently diffused from the lower portion of the container 20, a shearing force acts in a direction that traverses the surface of the membrane, so that the concentration polarization of the membrane surface can be prevented more effectively. it can.

【0024】図3は、膜濾過器24の別の例を示す。先
ず、多数の外圧型中空糸膜34を一対の額縁状の枠体3
5で挟持すると共に接着剤によって固着することによっ
て、膜濾過器素子36を作る。
FIG. 3 shows another example of the membrane filter 24. First, a large number of external pressure type hollow fiber membranes 34 are attached to a pair of frame-shaped frames 3
The membrane filter element 36 is made by sandwiching with 5 and fixing with an adhesive.

【0025】そして、この膜濾過器素子36には、膜表
面から浸透した清澄な液体(透過液)を捕集するための
管路37が設けられている。次に、この膜濾過器素子3
6を支持棒38を介して数枚組み合わせることによって
形成されている。
The membrane filter element 36 is provided with a conduit 37 for collecting the clear liquid (permeate) that has permeated from the membrane surface. Next, this membrane filter element 3
It is formed by combining several 6 through the support rod 38.

【0026】又、膜濾過器24としては、図示しないが
管状膜を用いたものがある。
As the membrane filter 24, there is one which uses a tubular membrane (not shown).

【0027】[0027]

【実施例】水道水に1,000ppmのカオリンを加えた試験液
を原液として、図1の容器20内に入れた。
Example A test solution prepared by adding 1,000 ppm kaolin to tap water was used as a stock solution and placed in the container 20 shown in FIG.

【0028】膜濾過器24は、図2に示す平板膜(UF
膜,分画分子量10,000)25を1枚用いた。この平板膜
25は、縦140mm 、横300mm 、厚さ4mmである。振動条
件は、振動数120rpm、振幅50mm、液温25℃とした。
The membrane filter 24 is a flat plate membrane (UF) shown in FIG.
One piece of membrane, molecular weight cut-off 10,000) 25 was used. The flat plate film 25 has a length of 140 mm, a width of 300 mm, and a thickness of 4 mm. The vibration conditions were a vibration frequency of 120 rpm, an amplitude of 50 mm, and a liquid temperature of 25 ° C.

【0029】吸引ポンプ30の吸引圧力は、バイパス弁
31を使って40mmHgになるように調節した。そして、濾
過液は、容器20内に戻し、連続で試験した。
The suction pressure of the suction pump 30 was adjusted to 40 mmHg by using the bypass valve 31. Then, the filtrate was returned to the container 20 and continuously tested.

【0030】図4は、この試験で得られた時間当たりの
透過液量(フラックス)の結果を示す。又、5日目,1
0日目,15日目で膜濾過器24を洗浄し、再び同様の
試験を行った。
FIG. 4 shows the results of the amount of permeated liquid (flux) per hour obtained in this test. Also, 5th day, 1
The membrane filter 24 was washed on the 0th and 15th days, and the same test was conducted again.

【0031】その結果も図4に示す。 比較例 実施例と同じ平板膜25を図5に示すクロスフイルトレ
ーションの膜濾過器2に取り付け、流速1.0m/sec、濾過
圧力0.5Kgf/cm2(入口圧0.55Kgf/cm2 、出口圧0.45Kgf/
cm2 )で濾過した。 この時の時間当たりの透過液量
(フラックス)の結果を図4に示す。
The results are also shown in FIG. Comparative Example The same flat plate membrane 25 as in Example was attached to the membrane filter 2 of cross filtration shown in FIG. 5, the flow rate was 1.0 m / sec, the filtration pressure was 0.5 Kgf / cm 2 (the inlet pressure was 0.55 Kgf / cm 2 , the outlet pressure was 0.45Kgf /
cm 2 ) and filtered. The results of the amount of permeated liquid (flux) per time at this time are shown in FIG.

【0032】又、5日目,10日目,15日目で膜濾過
器24を洗浄し、再び同様の試験を行った。その結果も
図4に示す。
The membrane filter 24 was washed on the 5th, 10th and 15th days, and the same test was conducted again. The results are also shown in FIG.

【0033】図4に示す如く、実施例の方が比較例に比
して長期間に亘ってフラックスを維持できることが分か
った。又、洗浄後においても、実施例の方が比較例に比
して長期間に亘ってフラックスを維持できることが分か
った。
As shown in FIG. 4, it was found that the example can maintain the flux for a longer period of time than the comparative example. It was also found that even after cleaning, the example can maintain the flux for a longer period of time than the comparative example.

【0034】[0034]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、膜
濾過器を原液中で振動させるので、原液を動かすクロス
フイルトレーションに比べて少ない動力で膜面に流速を
与えることができる。
As described above, according to the present invention, the membrane filter is vibrated in the stock solution, so that the flow velocity can be applied to the membrane surface with less power as compared with the cross filtration for moving the stock solution.

【0035】又、膜面に対して原液の流れ方向が頻繁に
切り変わるため、死水部ができず、膜面の洗浄効果が同
速度のクロスフイルトレーションより高く、フラックス
の減少が少ない。
Further, since the flow direction of the undiluted solution changes frequently with respect to the film surface, no dead water portion is formed, the cleaning effect of the film surface is higher than that of the cross filtration at the same speed, and the decrease of flux is small.

【0036】更に、膜濾過器の下部よりガスを散気する
ため、膜表面を振動を横切る方向に剪断力が働くため、
一層効果的に膜面の濃度分極を防止することができる。
Further, since gas is diffused from the lower part of the membrane filter, a shearing force acts on the membrane surface in a direction traversing vibration,
The concentration polarization on the film surface can be prevented more effectively.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の原理を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of the present invention.

【図2】図1における膜濾過器の斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the membrane filter in FIG.

【図3】図1における別の膜濾過器の斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another membrane filter in FIG. 1.

【図4】実施例及び比較例における透過液量と日数との
関係を示すグラフである。
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of permeated liquid and the number of days in Examples and Comparative Examples.

【図5】クロスフイルトレーションを示す説明図であ
る。
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing cross filtration.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

20 容器 21 原液 24 膜濾過器 25 平板膜 34 中空糸膜 20 container 21 stock solution 24 membrane filter 25 flat plate membrane 34 hollow fiber membrane

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 原液を入れた容器内に透過液の取出口の
付いた膜濾過器を没入し、この膜濾過器を振動しながら
濾過することを特徴とする膜濾過方法。
1. A membrane filtration method comprising immersing a membrane filter having a permeate outlet in a container containing a stock solution, and filtering while vibrating the membrane filter.
【請求項2】 原液を入れた容器内に透過液の取出口の
付いた膜濾過器を没入し、この膜濾過器の下方から空気
などのガス体を散気しつつ膜濾過器を振動しながら濾過
することを特徴とする膜濾過方法。
2. A membrane filter having an outlet for permeated liquid is immersed in a container containing the stock solution, and the membrane filter is vibrated while a gas body such as air is diffused from below the membrane filter. A method for membrane filtration, which comprises filtering while
JP2828592A 1992-02-14 1992-02-14 Membrane filtration method Pending JPH05220358A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2828592A JPH05220358A (en) 1992-02-14 1992-02-14 Membrane filtration method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2828592A JPH05220358A (en) 1992-02-14 1992-02-14 Membrane filtration method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05220358A true JPH05220358A (en) 1993-08-31

Family

ID=12244338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0824594A (en) * 1994-07-22 1996-01-30 Toto Ltd Operation of filter
JP2017042755A (en) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-02 ドゥサン ヘヴィー インダストリーズ アンド コンストラクション カンパニー リミテッド Immersion type membrane filtration system using reciprocating membrane

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01203004A (en) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-15 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Filter system
JPH01245894A (en) * 1988-03-25 1989-10-02 Kubota Ltd Filter apparatus for treatment of water

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01203004A (en) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-15 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Filter system
JPH01245894A (en) * 1988-03-25 1989-10-02 Kubota Ltd Filter apparatus for treatment of water

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0824594A (en) * 1994-07-22 1996-01-30 Toto Ltd Operation of filter
JP2017042755A (en) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-02 ドゥサン ヘヴィー インダストリーズ アンド コンストラクション カンパニー リミテッド Immersion type membrane filtration system using reciprocating membrane
US9833741B2 (en) 2015-08-24 2017-12-05 Doosan Heavy Industries & Constructions Co., Ltd. Submerged membrane filtration system using reciprocating membrane
US10232316B2 (en) 2015-08-24 2019-03-19 DOOSAN Heavy Industries Construction Co., LTD Submerged membrane filtration system using reciprocating membrane

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