JPH052164B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is capable of continuously and automatically controlling a track test vehicle every time it travels for a relatively short predetermined length while running the track test vehicle at a high speed of 300 km or more even in a curved section of the track. A moving average value over a relatively long predetermined interval for a large number of measured values is obtained as a desired long wavelength measurement value, and at the same time, the variation between the multiple measured values is obtained. The present invention relates to a long-wavelength measurement device that outputs irregular component values.

[Background of the invention]

Conventionally, two or more workers used measuring scales to measure the positive arrow for a predetermined standard length of the rail, or
Masaya method ``street'' measurements were being carried out using a bogie-type track test vehicle. Even a three-bogie type track test vehicle can automatically measure and record the road while driving at speeds below about 220 km/h, but at speeds above this level, the three-bogie type is unsuitable for high-speed driving. There was a need to develop a long-wavelength measurement device suitable for a two-bogie ultra-high-speed track test vehicle.

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a device that can automatically measure long wavelength paths and their misalignment components even when a two-car type track test vehicle is traveling at high speeds of 300 km or more.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a two-bogie type track test vehicle with a distance detector for detecting the distance from the center of the vehicle body to the rail position at the position of each bogie, and a distance detector in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. A gyro that detects a reference direction with respect to the centerline, an angle detector that detects the angle between the gyro's reference direction and the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle, and a gyro reference direction that changes as the vehicle moves. and means for calculating a moving average value of the angle between the vehicle and the longitudinal center line of the vehicle, and setting a vertical plane including a predetermined position of the rail detected by one of the distance detectors based on the moving average value. , and means for calculating the distance from the vertical plane to the rail at the position detected by the other distance detector.

[Function] In general, a two-bogie type vehicle has better running stability at high speed than a three-bogie type vehicle. Therefore, in the present invention, a two-bogie type vehicle is used as the track test vehicle. In the so-called "Masayoshi method", the thread is stretched between two positions separated by a predetermined length on the rail, and the distance between the rail position and the thread at the intermediate position with respect to this thread is defined as a "pass". It was designed to be measured. In order to measure the "trajectory" and its irregular component "misalignment" using the Masaya method, three measurement points are set on the vehicle, and the three measurement points are measured simultaneously to determine the thread tension. Settings and measurements must be made. However, in the present invention, since a two-bogie type vehicle is used, only two measurement points can be obtained.

By the way, ``street'' is used to determine how the laid rail curves in the horizontal plane and the irregularity component that is the variation thereof, which is useful for track maintenance, so it is not necessary to use the Masaya method described above. It doesn't have to be used. In the Masaya method, thread tension is performed from two measurement points spaced apart by a predetermined distance, but in the present invention, thread tension is not performed by such a method, but from a predetermined measurement point passing through the rail position at one measurement point. A vertical plane was set, and the distance between this vertical plane and the rail position at other measurement points was defined as a "street". As a result, just by setting up two measurement points, it is possible to measure the way the rail curves and the irregularity component of the curve, just like the Masaya method, and it becomes possible to measure using a two-bogie type vehicle. .

Here, to set the vertical plane mentioned above,
A reference direction is required. When measuring height differences, for example, use a horizontal plane as the absolute reference, use the horizontal plane passing through one point on the rail as the reference plane, and measure the distance from this reference plane at another point on the rail. , it is possible to measure the height difference.

However, when measuring on a street, the vehicle may turn in the opposite direction or travel in a loop. Therefore, for example, the north-south direction cannot be used as an absolute reference direction.

From the above, in the present invention, an absolute reference direction is measured, the angle between this reference direction and the direction of the vehicle is measured, and the average value of the change in angle due to the movement of the vehicle, that is, the moving average The value is determined, the direction is determined based on this moving average value, and a vertical plane is set from this direction and one point on the rail. As a result, the same thread tension as in the Masaya method is obtained.

In order to set this vertical plane, a gyro for measuring the reference direction and an angle detector for measuring the angle between this reference direction and the direction of the vehicle are used. Then, a moving average value is determined by the calculation means from the angle between the reference direction of the gyro and the longitudinal center line of the vehicle, which changes as the vehicle moves. The vertical plane set as above,
A "street" measurement is made by measuring the distance from one other point on the rail. here,
Using a vehicle of the same length, when comparing the street measurement using the 3-point measurement method using the Masaya method and the street measurement using the 2-point measurement method according to the present invention, it is found that the street measurement position using the Masaya method is Since the measurement is performed at an intermediate position, in the present invention, streets are measured at positions that are twice as spaced apart from each other, making it possible to measure streets with longer wavelengths.

Therefore, by calculating the reference direction for each relatively long section, the moving average value is calculated, and
By performing measurements along long wavelengths and measuring each measurement point on the vertical plane set by the measurements over this long section, it is possible to measure the asymmetric component at long wavelengths.

Note that the measurement point is preferably the side surface of the rail. In reality, it is stipulated that measurements such as the distance between rails should be made at a point 14 to 16 mm below the top of the rail, and this position is an important point in terms of the relationship between the vehicle wheels and the rail. be.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Figure 1a shows the measurement principle. In the figure, 1 is the reference vertical plane created by the gyroscope 2, and the distance y from the two points A and B on the side surface of the rail 3 to the reference vertical plane 1 corresponds to the long wavelength. 2 points A, B
The distance l between is the measurement reference length (the reference measurement length l is currently 10
However, when measuring with a test vehicle, point B is set at a point 10 m along the rail, whereas point A is set on the vertical plane as shown in Figure 1 a. B is the intersection of the perpendicular line to the vertical plane and the rail 3 at point B, which is located at a distance of l = 10 m.
In this case, the distance between A and B on the rail is actually almost 10 m). Vehicle body longitudinal centerline 4
The distances a and b between and points A and B on the side surface of the rail 3 are detected by a detector such as a selsyn device,
The angle ψ between the reference vertical plane and the vehicle body is detected by a not-shown cell sensor installed on the shaft of the gyro 2, and y based on the long wavelength is determined as follows.

tan=ba/l, θ=ψ−, y=ltan θ=ltan {ψ−tan ⁻¹ b−a/l} (1) Note that 5 in the figure is the line segment AB.

Figure 2 shows a model of the rail in a curved section.
R is the radius of curvature, and 3' is the rail to be measured. If we try to measure the street using the above equation (1) using the angle at which the rail bends directly with respect to the absolute reference vertical plane 1, we will find that, unlike the case of elevation differences, as mentioned above, the curve in the horizontal plane of the track is large. , Even for an ideal trajectory shape, the measurement record becomes larger and larger due to changes in direction, and eventually becomes impossible to measure.
Furthermore, the data obtained is of little use.

FIG. 3 shows the case where the same trajectory portion as in FIG. 2 is measured using a reference plane based on a moving average. Assume that the ideal rail shape is _3s , and the actual rail shape with an irregular shape is 3s. In this case, the angles with respect to the absolute reference vertical plane 1 of the line segments connecting adjacent points A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ sequentially arranged on the side surface of the rail 3 at intervals of measurement l are θ ₁ , θ ₂ , θ ₃ , and the tangent angles based on the moving average are θ〓 ₁ , θ〓 ₂ , θ〓 ₃ (however, θ〓 ₁ = 0), then the angle between each line segment and the base line is θ′ ₁ = θ ₁ −θ 〓 ₁ ,
θ′ ₂ = θ ₂ −θ〓 ₂ , θ′ ₃ = θ ₃ −θ〓 _3, etc., and the long wavelength path measured at an interval of l is a ₁ −ltanθ′ ₁ , a ₂ =
ltanθ′ ₂ , a ₃ =ltanθ′ ₃ . 3A-1, 3A-2,
3A-3 are vertical planes at A ₁ , A ₂ , and A _{3 ,} respectively.

_The records obtained when the curved trajectory section of Fig _. 4a is measured in the manner shown in Fig. 3 are recorded along _the long wavelength path at points A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ . . _. ),
B ₁ A ₂ ---→, B ₂ A ₃ ---→...a ₁ , a ₂ , a ₃
as the fourth
Shown in Figure b. Next, the difference △ according to the long wavelength between adjacent l intervals
A ₁ = a ₂ - _{a 1} , △ a ₂ = a ₃ - a ₂ , △ a ₃ = a ₄ - a ₃ ... as shown in Figure 4 (c). In Δa, the components caused by the constant radius are canceled out, and only the irregular components are recorded.

FIG. 1b shows a plan view of the arrangement of the measuring device when the wheel is located on the longitudinal center line of the vehicle body. The arrow indicates the measurement direction, 3 _L is the left rail, and 3 _R is the right rail. 9-1 to 9-4 are measurement frame 1 under the floor and under the spring.
This is a rail displacement detector attached to 1-1 and 11-2.

Fig. 1c is a side view of an example in which a non-contact optical detector is used, viewed along the longitudinal center line of the vehicle body _. , measure the distance y ₁ between the measurement frame 11-1 and the vehicle body ₈ using the Celsin 16,
The lateral displacement of the rail based on the vehicle body can be measured by a=y ₁ +y ₂ . Bracket 12 fixed to measurement frame 11-1
An arm 15 is connected via a ball joint 14 at the tip of a lever 13 that is supported so as to be pivotable about a horizontal axis and extends in the front-rear direction. The measurement frame 11-1 is connected to the shaft of a celsyn 16 which is rotatably supported around the vehicle body 8, and the movement of the measurement frame 11-1 with respect to the vehicle body 8 is transmitted as rotation of the celsyn shaft and converted into a voltage proportional to _y2 . The same applies to the remaining 9-2 to 9-4.

FIG. 1d is a block diagram of the arithmetic section of the long wavelength pass measurement device. The rail displacements a and b of the vehicle body reference and the vehicle body turning angle ψ with respect to the reference vertical plane of the gyroscope are converted into voltages by the gyroscope 2', digitized by the demultiplexer 18 and the A-D converter 19, and then converted into voltages by the arithmetic unit 20 (b -a)/l, arithmetic unit 2
1, the angle between the line segment connecting two points on the side surface of the rail head and the car body = tan ^-1 (ba-a)/l, and the calculating unit 22 calculating the line segment connecting the two points on the side surface of the rail and the absolute reference vertical plane 1 The angle θ=ψ− is determined, and the direction of the vertical plane at each measurement point on the side surface of the rail is determined using a moving average calculator 25 comprising a shift register 23 and a calculator 24. In this case, we can use a relatively simple quadratic moving average,
Fixed running distance of track test vehicle, e.g. 1.0m, 0.5m
The calculation is performed in synchronization with the distance pulse generated by the sampling pulse generator 33 at each time. The calculator 26 calculates the angle θ′ _i =θ _i −θ〓 _i ……(4) between the line segment connecting the two points at the distance l on the side of the rail and the reference vertical plane, and the calculator 27 calculates a _i = ltanθ′ _i ...(1′) is determined. a _i is output as is, and at the same time is sent to the difference calculator 36 consisting of the shift register 28 and the calculator 29, where it is subjected to the calculation of the difference △a _i =a _i+o-1 −a _i , and both Multiplexer 30, D-A converter 3
1 is output as an analog signal. Of course, the digital signal can also be used for data processing as it is.

In the case of Figure 1 d, the calculation according to the long wavelength is △l=
If m is selected to be large as l/(2m+1), recording will be performed at minute intervals of Δl, and the recording shown in FIG. 4b will be smooth. Also, if we set n=2m+1 by selecting the sampling pulse, Figure 4c
The recording will also become smoother. It is also possible to leave the selection of m and n unchanged and increase the number of digits of the shift registers 23 and 28 to increase the length of the moving average interval and the difference calculation interval. Reference numeral 32 is a cell signal, 33 is a sampling pulse generator that outputs a pulse every fixed travel distance, and 34 is a power supply. Note that if a laser gyro is used, there is no need for special gyro control and accuracy is improved.

In practice, for example, the reference length for street measurements is 10
m, the street is measured every time the test vehicle travels 1 m, and the average value of the street over a predetermined section of 50 m is calculated and defined as the long wavelength street. Incidentally, the irregularity component is obtained by sequentially calculating the difference between the values sequentially obtained every 1 m of travel as described above.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Ultra-high-speed measurement of long wavelengths, which was considered difficult or impossible (300 km with a two-bogie test vehicle)
As a result, corrective maintenance of ultra-high-speed railway road irregularities becomes much better, which greatly contributes to running safety.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1a is an explanatory diagram of the measurement principle, FIG. 1b is a plan view of the arrangement of the device of the present invention, FIG. 1c is a side view of the arrangement of the device of the invention, FIG. Figure 2 is a model diagram of a rail in a curved section, Figure 3 is a diagram showing the case of measurement using a reference plane based on a moving average, and Figure 4a is an example of measuring a curved section using the method shown in Figure 3. FIG. 4b is a diagram showing the measurement results as in the above example, and FIG. 4c is a diagram showing the difference between adjacent l intervals at long wavelengths, that is, the asymmetric component. 1...Reference vertical plane, 2...Gyroscope, 3...Rail, 3'...Measurement target rail, 3...Ideal rail shape, 4...Car body longitudinal center line, 8...Car body, 9-1 ~9-4...Rail displacement detector, 11
-1, 11-2...Measurement frame, 12...Bracket, 13...Lever, 14...Ball joint, 15...Arm, 16...Selsin, 17...
... Bracket, 18 ... Demultiplexer, 19
...A-D converter, 20, 21, 22... Arithmetic unit, 23... Shift register, 24... Arithmetic unit,
25... Moving average calculator, 26, 27... Arithmetic unit, 28... Shift register, 29... Arithmetic unit,
30...Multiplexer, 31...D-A converter, 32...Selsin, 33...Sampling pulse generator, 34...Power supply.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A two-bogie type track test vehicle is equipped with a distance detector located at each bogie position to detect the distance from the center of the car body to the rail position, and a distance detector that detects the reference direction with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle. A gyro, an angle detector that detects the angle between a reference direction of the gyro and the longitudinal center line of the vehicle, and a movement of the angle between the reference direction of the gyro and the longitudinal center line of the vehicle that changes as the vehicle moves. means for calculating an average value and setting a vertical plane including a predetermined position of the rail detected by one distance detector based on the moving average value; and a means for calculating the distance to the rail at the detected position.