JPH05212109A - Balloon pumping system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a balloon pumping system allowing the use as an IABP balloon to a serious disease case in which the heart function is remarkably reduced by contracting the proximal part of a balloon inserted into the aorta from the remote part of the balloon with a phase at heat contracting period, and operating the proximal part of the balloon as a valve. CONSTITUTION:Since a pumping large balloon 6 and a valve small balloon 7 are simultaneously expanded at heart expanding period, expanding period pressure is raised to increase the coronary arterial blood stream quantity. At heart contracting period, for example, when a left ventricle 1 is in contracting period, an aortic valve 2 is opened to carry the blood to an aorta 3. The load on the left ventricle 1 reduced in contracting pressure is reduced since the pumping large balloon 6 is contracted, while the valve small balloon 7 acts as a valve since it remains expanded by a control system, to prevent the counter flow of the blood from a lower aorta 6 and suck the blood from the left ventricle 1 by a negative pressure. Thus, the balloon has a positive pumping effect and allows the use for a serious disease case in which the heart function is remarkably reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an assisted circulatory device used for assisting a depressed heart.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among the many conventional auxiliary circulators, one of the ones which has been clinically applied since the earliest,
There is intra-aortic balloon pumping (hereinafter referred to as IABP). An example of a conventional IABP will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the flow of a balloon and blood used for assisting the left ventricle and the heart during diastole.
In the figure, the left ventricle 1 is in diastole, and the aortic valve 2 is closed to prevent backflow of blood from the aorta 3. At this time, the balloon 54 simultaneously increases the diastolic pressure in order to inflate the entire body, resulting in an increase in coronary blood flow. Figure 12
It is a figure which shows the flow of the balloon and blood used for assisting the left ventricle and the heart in systole. In the figure, the left ventricle 1 is in systole, the aortic valve 2 is open, and blood flows out to the aorta 3. At this time, the balloon 54 simultaneously reduces the systolic pressure in order to deflate the entire body, and reduces the afterload of the left ventricle 1. Thus, in the conventional IABP, the balloon 54 is inserted retrogradely from the lower limb artery to the descending thoracic aorta, and the balloon 54 is expanded and contracted in synchronization with the cardiac cycle to assist blood circulation. The effect has the following two points. A balloon inserted from the femoral artery or the external iliac artery to the upper part of the lower aorta 5 is inflated during diastole to increase the diastolic pressure and increase the coronary blood flow. (Diastolic pressure increasing effect) During systole, the balloon is deflated to reduce the deflation pressure, thereby reducing the afterload of the left ventricle. (Post-Load Reducing Effect) As described above, the conventional IABP has been widely spread and its usefulness has been recognized because of its auxiliary effect and ease of procedure.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, on the other hand, its limit has been pointed out. This is because the conventional IABP itself does not have a pumping action, and thus it is ineffective in severe cases where the heart function is remarkably deteriorated. That is, in severe cases where the cardiac function is remarkably deteriorated, backflow of blood occurs from the lower aorta 5 because the output of blood flowing from the left ventricle 1 to the aorta 3 is weak. Therefore, in the case of such a serious case, the conventional IABP exerts almost no effect. The present invention is
This was done to solve the problem that it is ineffective in severe cases with severely impaired cardiac function, the limitations of which have been pointed out, and an effective pump for such severe cases ( The present invention realizes a balloon pumping system for IABP having a valve action.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A balloon pumping system according to the present invention is configured such that, during systole, the proximal portion of the balloon inserted into the aorta is deflated with a certain phase delayed from the distal portion of the balloon, The proximal portion of the balloon functions as a valve action, and the proximal portion of the balloon is a small valve balloon having an independent control system, or the balloon has two one-way valves. Drive with one driver unit. Alternatively, at least one of the shape and material or the wall thickness of the proximal portion and the distal portion of the integrally molded balloon is different. Alternatively, a plurality of gas inlet / outlet holes arranged in the catheter of the balloon are centrally arranged at the distal portion of the balloon.

[0005]

[Function] The proximal portion of the balloon inserted into the aorta contracts later than the distal portion with a certain phase, so that the proximal portion functions as a valve and blood flows backward from the lower aorta when the balloon contracts. To prevent blood from being sucked up by negative pressure from the left ventricle. As a result, the balloon not only has the effect of reducing the afterload of the left ventricle by reducing the systolic pressure in the conventional systole, but also has a positive pumping action.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which a balloon is divided into a proximal portion and a distal portion in order to facilitate understanding of an IABP according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the left ventricle, balloon, and blood flow during diastole. In the figure, the left ventricle 1 is in diastole, and the aortic valve 2 is closed to prevent backflow of blood from the aorta 3. The balloons are a large pumping balloon 6 and a small valve balloon 7.
In the diastole, both the large pumping balloon 6 and the small valve balloon 7 are inflated at the same time, so that the diastolic pressure is increased and the coronary blood flow is increased. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the flow of the left ventricle, balloon, and blood during systole. In the figure, the left ventricle 1 is in systole, and the aortic valve 2 opens to allow blood to flow into the aorta 3. Since the large pumping balloon 6 is deflated, the deflation pressure is reduced and the load on the left ventricle 1 is reduced. However, since the small valve balloon 7 remains inflated by an independent control system (not shown), it functions as a valve action to prevent the backflow of blood from the lower aorta 5, and at the same time, draws negative pressure on the blood from the left ventricle 1. It also has the effect of sucking up. As a result, the balloon has not only the effect of reducing the post-load during the conventional systole but also a positive pump (valve) action, and can be used even in severe cases where the cardiac function is significantly reduced. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state during systole in which the small valve balloon 7 is deflated with a delay of a few msec from FIG. 2, and the blood discharged from the left ventricle 1 already has a flow in the lower part of the figure. It passes through the aorta 5 and flows out to the whole body. As described above, in the embodiment of the IABP of the present invention, the example in which the valve small balloon 7 is provided in the proximal portion has been described, but basically, the proximal portion of the balloon is delayed by a certain phase from the distal portion. The point is to shrink.

Another embodiment as the means will be described below. FIG. 4 is a view showing an embodiment in which the shape of the integrally molded balloon 4 is formed such that the proximal portion is formed larger than the distal portion.
Is a catheter. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the shape of the integrally molded balloon 14 is inclined from the distal portion to the proximal portion to increase the proximal portion. FIG. 6 is a view showing an embodiment in which the distal portion of the integrally molded balloon 24 is deflated earlier than the proximal portion by using a material having a large elastic contraction force. In this case, conversely, the proximal portion can be changed to a material that does not easily shrink. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the thickness of the integrally molded balloon 34 is increased at the proximal portion. FIG. 8 is a view showing an embodiment in which a plurality of gas inlet / outlet holes 8a arranged in the catheter 8 are concentratedly arranged in the distal portion of the balloon 44. In this case, the gas inlet / outlet holes in the proximal portion are It doesn't matter. FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which a small balloon for valve 7 has an independent control system (not shown) in the balloon consisting of a large balloon for pumping 6 and a small balloon for valve 7, and is provided in the proximal portion of the balloon. FIG.

Of the embodiments shown above, FIGS.
In FIGS. 6, 7 and 8, a single control system may be used because the conventional device can be used as the drive device as it is, but in the case of FIG. 9 in which the valve small balloon 7 is provided with an independent control system, two control systems are provided. A control system is required, and a drive device must be devised. FIG. 10 is a view showing an embodiment in which the pumping large balloon 6 and the valve small balloon 7 can be driven by one driver unit, and the driving device is composed of a general crank 9, a piston 10 and a cylinder 11. And two one-way valves 1
It has 2 and 13. Since the expansion is performed via the one-way valve 12 during the expansion period of the balloon, the large pumping balloon 6 and the small valve balloon 7 are expanded at the same time, but during the systole the device is deflated via the one-way valve 13. Therefore, the pumping large balloon 6 is first deflated, and the valve small balloon 7 is deflated later. The balloon of the present invention is not limited to the above.

[0009]

According to the present invention, since the proximal portion of the balloon has a valve action during systole, blood is prevented from flowing backward from the lower aorta during systole, and blood is negatively pressured from the left ventricle. Has the effect of sucking up. as a result,
In addition to the conventional afterload reduction effect during systole, the balloon has a positive pumping action. Therefore, even in severe cases where the cardiac function is remarkably reduced, the effective I
It can be used as a balloon for ABP.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the state of IABP in diastole according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a systolic state of IABP according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of systole in which IABP according to the present invention is delayed by a few msec from FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an embodiment in which the balloon of the present invention is formed such that the proximal portion is larger than the distal portion.

FIG. 5 is a view showing an embodiment in which the shape of the balloon in the present invention is inclined more than the distal portion and the proximal portion is enlarged.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which a material having a large elastic contraction force is used for the distal portion of the balloon in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the thickness of the balloon in the present invention is increased at the proximal portion.

FIG. 8 is a view showing an embodiment in which a plurality of gas inlet / outlet holes arranged in the catheter of the present invention are concentratedly arranged at the distal portion of the balloon.

FIG. 9 is a view showing an embodiment in which a small valve valve balloon having an independent control system according to the present invention is provided in a proximal portion of the balloon.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a driver unit having two directional valves capable of driving a pumping large balloon and a valve small balloon by one driver unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state of IABP in diastole in the conventional example.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a state of systole of IABP in a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ・ ・ ・ Left ventricle 2 ・ ・ ・ Aortic valve 3 ・ ・ ・ Aorta 4, 14, 24, 34, 44, 54 ・ ・ ・ Balloon 5 ・ ・ ・ Lower aorta 6 ・ ・ ・ Large balloon for pumping 7 ・ ・ ・Small balloon for valve 8 ... Catheter 8a ... Gas inlet / outlet hole 9 ... Crank 10 ... Piston 11 ... Cylinder 12, 13 ... One-way valve.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A phase comprising a balloon inserted into the aorta and a driver unit for driving the balloon, wherein a proximal portion of the balloon is located at a certain level from a distal portion of the balloon during systole. A balloon pumping system, wherein the balloon pumping system causes the proximal portion of the balloon to act as a valve action with a delay. 2. The balloon pumping system according to claim 1, wherein the proximal portion of the balloon is a small valve balloon having an independent control system. 3. The balloon pumping system according to claim 2, wherein the valve small balloon having an independent control system is driven by one driver unit having two one-way valves. 4. The balloon pumping system according to claim 1, wherein the balloon formed integrally has a shape in which a proximal portion has a larger shape than a distal portion of the balloon. 5. The balloon integrally molded, wherein the material of the distal portion of the balloon is made of a material having a larger elastic contraction rate than the material of the proximal portion. Balloon pumping system. 6. The balloon pumping system according to claim 1, wherein the balloon formed integrally is formed such that a thickness of a proximal portion of the balloon is thicker than a thickness of a distal portion of the balloon. .. 7. The balloon pumping system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of gas inlet / outlet holes arranged in the catheter of the balloon are centrally arranged in a distal portion of the balloon.