JPH0520536B2 - - Google Patents

Abstract

A cable truss dome is constructed from a plurality of cables (104) under tension and compression members (106) arranged in triangles having non-common sides. The cable truss dome is adapted for spanning large areas where the cables form a low shallow arch which supports a flexible membrane as a covering. The triangles are kept in tension by lower tension members attached to the lower ends of the compression members (106), which may consist either of concentric rings (116) or radial chords (152).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to roof structures and cable truss structures. In particular, a roof structure in which tensile and compressive members are arranged in a cable truss dome shape to provide a protective roof for stadiums and amphitheatres, where domed volumes are created over contoured areas of various dimensions. and cable truss structure.

[Conventional technology]

Recently, we have been constructing domes and roof structures using lightweight membranes.
It lowers costs and improves functionality. Some of these roof structures have fully convex surfaces with pneumatically rigid support, while others are formed by prestressing the roof membrane against ridge arches, masts, cables, etc. The structure has an uneven surface.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

A fully convex surface has a low aspect ratio, ie the ratio of surface area to contour area planar area. Approximately 70% of the roof cost is the membrane cost, and the rest is the cable,
Because of the cost of clamps and compression rings, a low aspect ratio is an important advantage for permanent membrane roofs such as low height air structures. However, the disadvantage of such pneumatic structures is that they rely on mechanical systems to keep the roof lifted, resulting in airtight buildings, snow melting systems,
It will be necessary to install emergency generators, revolving doors, etc.

On the other hand, a textured surface has a very high aspect ratio, resulting in a high roof cost per unit plane of contour area. For example, a textured surface using masts or cables will have a high aspect ratio to effectively provide low membrane stresses, while a textured surface using arches will cause arch buckling, etc. Design considerations result in a higher aspect ratio.

When using lightweight membranes with fully convex or textured surfaces, in addition to the aforementioned problems, there is an additional problem of roof insulation. Previous attempts to incorporate insulation into air-supported roofs have required a snow melting system, separate from the internal heating system, to prevent condensation on the top sheathing membrane and keep the insulation value intact. . Furthermore, it was necessary to apply pressure to the heat insulating space to make the pressure in the heat insulating space higher than the internal pressure of the enclosed contour area to prevent collapse of the heat insulating layer.

Another problem with conventional roof structures is that they cannot withstand wind-induced uplift forces that exceed the roof structure's own weight. Additionally, when constructing structures with flexible elements, such as cables, and rigid elements, such as compression struts, these elements often do not have the required stiffness when not fully assembled. The problem is that it does not have

Therefore, forming a low, shallow arch with tensile elements,
To provide a tensile structure system, such as a cable truss dome, in which a lightweight membrane is supported on the upper ridge cable of the arch, and the lightweight membrane can be stretched over a wide range by holding down the lightweight membrane with valley cables arranged between the arches. There is a need. It is also recognized that there is a need to provide a low aspect ratio tensile structure system that eliminates the need for support air pressure and allows for low cost and lightweight insulation in membrane roofs.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks resulting from the use of conventional structures and to provide a roof structure and cable truss structure that is low in cost and has excellent durability. It is also an object of the invention to provide a roof structure and a cable truss structure which can be assembled on the ground or at a suitable lifting position, with or without a roof covering membrane, and which can also be hoisted into position. The goal is to provide the following.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above problems, the roof structure according to the present invention includes a substantially horizontal external compression ring that becomes a part of the outer peripheral wall of a building, a substantially horizontal central tension ring,
a plurality of support structures disposed radially between the outer compression ring and the central tension ring and respectively secured to the outer compression ring and the central tension ring, each support structure having a substantially vertical at least one arched upper tension member forming an upper chord disposed in the plane of the upper tension member; at least one diagonal tension member extending inwardly and obliquely downwardly from the upper tension member; at least one generally vertical rigid compression strut attached to the diagonal tension member and having a lower end attached to the diagonal tension member, each set consisting of the upper tension member, the diagonal tension member, and the rigid compression strut comprising approximately forming a triangle in a vertical plane, and a plurality of the triangles forming separate triangular supports located at a common radial position between the outer compression ring and the central tension ring; every triangular support in each radially disposed support structure has no common edge with any other triangular support in that support structure; At least one generally horizontal tension member ring is arranged concentrically with the central tension ring and attached to the lower end of each compression strut of each group of triangular supports.

[Effect]

In the above arrangement, a plurality of support structures consisting of tension members, such as cables, are arranged in the radial direction. The tension members are respectively fixed to the outer compression ring and the central tension ring. The outer compression ring is fixed as part of the perimeter wall of the building, and the tension member floatingly supports the central tension ring when in tension.

The tension member includes an upper tension member and a diagonal tension member, and a generally vertical compression strut forms a triangular support with the upper tension member and the diagonal tension member. Therefore, with the upper tension member fixed between the outer compression ring and the central tension ring, pulling the diagonal tension member to a shorter length will cause the compression struts to lift, thus causing the upper tension member to arch. lifted up. Such triangular supports form separate groups of triangular supports located at a common radial position, and compression struts of each group located at the same radial position (i.e. on the same circle) form concentric groups of supports. Connected to a tension ring. Moreover, the triangular supports in each support structure do not have common sides with other triangular supports, and therefore the above-mentioned lifting of the radially outer triangular supports is not possible. , then the same radially inner triangular supports can be lifted one after the other.

〔effect〕

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a roof structure that is easy to construct, has a lower aspect ratio than that using rigid trusses, and has excellent durability.

[Other configurations and effects]

Furthermore, the invention comprises a plurality of radially arranged cable trusses, each cable truss comprising a plurality of continuous tension members and a plurality of discontinuous compression struts, the tension members being An upper chord member and a lower chord member extend between fixing means located at both ends of the cable truss, and a diagonal chord member extends between the upper and lower chord members, and the compression strut is installed between the upper chord member and the lower chord member. The upper and lower chord members are composed of a plurality of cables, the number of cables constituting the upper chord gradually decreases along the longitudinal direction of the cable truss, and the number of cables constituting the lower chord provided is a cable truss structure characterized in that the number increases gradually along the longitudinal direction of the cable truss.

This cable truss structure is effective in constructing the roof structure described above. In particular, the number of cables that make up the upper chord gradually decreases, and the number of cables that make up the lower chord gradually increases. It then becomes the lower chord material. In this case, the length of the diagonal chord is shortened while pulling the lower chord, thereby lifting the compression strut and thus lifting the upper tension member in an arched shape. In this manner, the triangular support portions are sequentially formed and assembled.
Therefore, according to this configuration, a roof structure having the above-mentioned advantages can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a preferred dome-shaped roof structure constructed by a cable truss structure according to the present invention is shown in the accompanying drawings.

〔Example〕

In the drawings, identical elements are designated by identical numbers. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a dome-shaped roof structure 100 constructed of a cable truss structure.
This roof structure 100 forms a corrugated support surface;
a plurality of arch-shaped support structures 1 radially spanning a contoured area and enclosing a dome-shaped volume;
Consists of 02. As shown in FIG. 2, support structure 102 is generally comprised of a plurality of stranded cables 104 forming a tensile member and a plurality of rigid struts 106 forming a compressive member. cable 104
is attached to a continuous external compression ring 108 which constitutes the outer periphery of the contoured area to be covered with the roof. Alternatively, the cable 104 can be secured to a plurality of independent anchor blocks (not shown) placed in the ground to define the perimeter of the contoured area to be covered by the roof. As shown in FIG. 1, the external compression ring 108 can be configured as part of a perimeter wall defining a stadium or amphitheater that is covered by a roof. Some cables 104 extend radially inwardly from the outer compression ring 108 over a portion of the contoured area, the other end of the cable being secured to the central tension ring 110, and other cables 104 extending radially inwardly from the outer compression ring 108 over a portion of the contour area, the other end of the cable 104 being secured to the upper end of the compression strut 106 or Fixed to the bottom edge. The details are shown in Figures 3 and 4.
As shown in the figure.

Outer compression ring 108 to central tension ring 11
The cable 104 extending to 0 becomes the top chord (arched tension member) 112 or ridge cable of the support structure 102. Meanwhile, some of the cables 104 originating from the external compression ring 108 become diagonal chords (diagonal tension members) 114 or diagonal cables that extend diagonally downward at successive predetermined locations along the support structure 102. . As best shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of cables 104 are connected to the outer compression ring 1
08 and extends radially toward the central tension ring 110. At a first predetermined location, some of the cables 104 are stripped from the remaining cables forming the upper chord 112, resulting in a diagonal chord 114 that extends diagonally downward. Similarly, at the next predetermined position, cable 104
Some of the cables 104 are again separated from the remaining cables 104 forming the upper chord member 112 and extend diagonally downward at an angle to form another diagonal chord member 114. Top chord 1
12 and the underlying diagonal chord member 114 form two adjacent sides of a triangle. The compression strut 106 is
The cable 104 is connected between the upper chord 112 and the diagonal chord 114 forming the third side of the triangle by the structure shown in FIGS. 5 through 8 and described below. The triangles thus formed are arranged in a generally vertical common plane containing one support structure 102. As shown in FIG. 2, the triangles formed by the top chord 112, the diagonal chord 114, and the compression strut 106 are each formed independently, and the triangles do not have common sides. In this manner, the compression strut 106 is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the compression strut 106 attaches to the cable 104 at the intersection of its triangular top chord 112 and the adjacent triangular diagonal chord 114. As described above, the cable 1 forming the upper chord member 112
The number of 04 continuously decreases according to the number of diagonal chord members 114 to be peeled off. In other words, each diagonal string member 11
The number of cables 104 included in the upper chord 112 is approximately the same, while the number of cables included in the upper chord 112 decreases from the outer compression ring 108 to the central tension ring 110. Additionally, a concentric tension ring 116 is retained at the lower end of the corresponding post 106 in the adjacent support structure 102 (the first
), each tension ring 106 is comprised of a plurality of stranded cables 118 as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

A flexible membrane 120 rests on the support structure 102 and provides a roof for the domed volume created by the contoured area. The flexible membrane 120 may be formed from a synthetic woven material, or may be formed from a material such as canvas or a formed metal film. flexible membrane 1
20 is preferably constructed to have weather resistance and is made of a non-combustible synthetic product. The flexible membrane 120 can be a coated fabric such as polytetrafluoroethylene coated fiberglass, silicone coated fiberglass, silicone coated polyester, or the like. The flexible membrane 120 can also be translucent to allow light to pass through, and also have good acoustic properties, depending on covered stadium or amphitheater applications. Additionally, multiple valley cables 1
22 is located between adjacent support structures 102 and extends between outer compression ring 108 and central tension ring 110. The flexible membrane 120 is maintained in tension by prestressing the valley cables 122, for example as disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,807,421. The portion of flexible membrane 120 that extends in a V-shaped cross-section between adjacent support structures 102 is rectangular;
It can be shaped like a trapezoid, a triangle, a wedge, etc. In this regard, flexible membrane 120 can be constructed from a plurality of triangular panels. The triangular panels radiate outward from the central tension ring 110, and the joints of adjacent panels can be successively heat sealed or glued in place during field assembly so that no cross joints between adjacent panels can be formed. It can be done so that there is no

In FIGS. 5 and 6, compression struts 106
is attached to the cable 104 by a hanging hardware 124 at a predetermined location. The upper end of the hanging hardware 124 is provided with a rotatable U-shaped bracket 126 through which the cable 104 can pass. To secure brackets 126 to cables 104, several of the cables 104 are terminated and secured to hanger 124 by fittings 128. As previously discussed, some of the cables 104 extend through the U-shaped brackets 126 and are angularly displaced diagonally downward into the diagonal chords 114. Furthermore, as shown in the figure, an auxiliary diagonal chord member 11 is provided between the hanging hardware 124 and the lower ends of the adjacent compression struts 106.
4' can also be provided. Adjacent support structure 1
02 is not necessary. This is the upper chord material 1
12 and a diagonal chord member 114.
4 is due to the fact that it is in tension. However, trusses or cross braces between adjacent support structures 102 may be provided to redistribute loads and facilitate construction of the cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 100. In this regard, trusses or cross braces in the form of diagonal cables 130 may be provided between corresponding compression struts 106 in adjacent support structures 102. In particular, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the diagonal cable 130 is secured at one end to the hanging hardware 124 and attached at the other end to the lower end of the corresponding compression strut 106. Although seven diagonal cables 130 are shown in the figure, it is anticipated that two or three diagonal cables 130 will be required. The diagonal cable 130 is clamped at the intersection to provide load redistribution.

The cable 104, which continues through the sling 124 of the support structure 102, is secured to the central tension ring 110 in a manner as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Furthermore, the valley cables 122 also have central tension rings 1 between adjacent cables 104.
It is fixed at 10. In this way, the support structure 1
02 is attached to the central tension ring 110 and extends radially outwardly, and the other end is attached to the outer compression ring 10
It can be attached to 8. A support piece 132 is provided at the lower end of the compression strut 106. Support piece 132 extends laterally of compression strut 106 and along the direction of support structure 102 . Support pieces 132 are provided to secure the cables 118 of each concentric tension ring 116. A platform 134 is positioned overlying the cables 118 and provides passage for maintenance and construction personnel. Platform 134 is positioned over concentric tension rings 116 between adjacent compression struts 106, and safety handrails 136 are provided on each side of platform 134.

As is clear from the above description, the cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 100 has a tensile upper chord member 112 made of prestressed cables 104.
It incorporates a structure using cable trusses consisting of. The cable 104 can be attached to an external compression ring 108 or an embedded anchor block (not shown).
Fixed. The diagonal chords 114 are arranged discontinuously with respect to each other and are nested with the concentric tension ring 116 and become the lower chords 115 towards the central tension ring 110. Since the cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 100 is a tension dome in the embodiment, dome buckling is not an issue, so the height of the dome can be made as shallow as possible consistent with drainage and stadium functions. That is, the aspect ratio, ie the ratio of the dome surface area to the contour plane area, can be minimized. The uneven film surface is
It can be prestressed by the valley cable 122. That is, the valley cables 122 pull down the flexible membrane 120 relative to the top chord 122 of each support structure 102. Each element of the outer circumferential restraint means, that is, the upper chord member 112, the diagonal chord member 114, and the valley cable 122, which are composed of cables prestressed to the external compression ring 108, can be connected by rigid elements such as beams or trusses, and can be compressed. Additional stiffness can be added to the element without introducing forces.

The distinctive feature of the cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 100 is manifested in the fact that it is not a continuous rigid triangular structure truss. The rigidity of the triangular structure is not necessary for the cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 100, since the membrane elements that make up the roof, ie the architectural fabric, function as both the roof and the weatherproofing membrane. The flexible membrane 120 can accommodate large displacements of non-triangular structural systems if prestressed into the appropriate shape. Therefore, nonlinear large displacement structure analysis is possible using a digital computer. Furthermore, the cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 100 can be made into circular and non-circular plan shapes based on the asymmetric principle, as disclosed for example in US Pat. No. 3,841,038. As mentioned above, the prestressed flexible membrane 120 covering the cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 100 is shallowly corrugated to minimize the ratio of surface area to contour planar area, and the flexible Maximum economy of membrane 120 is achieved. This economy is further enhanced by using cable 104 rather than individual strands. Multi-strand cable 104 provides maximum efficiency when used in top chords 112 and diagonal chords 114.
This efficiency is due to the fact that the individual cables 104 required for the upper chord 112 move from the periphery towards the center of the contour area.
This is done by reducing the number of lines. The reduction in the number of individual cables 104 may be as large as the amount of cables required for each diagonal chord 114. Therefore, cable 104
The number of termination connections required can be minimized. Additionally, if multiple cables 118 are used in each tension ring 116 structure, the resulting structure can function as a support for a maintenance walkway as described above.

The use of a cable truss dome shaped roof structure 100 is practical. This is because of the efficiency with which cable end forces can be resisted by the use of skewed symmetrical compression rings or anchor blocks. Due to the flexibility of the cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 100 and the fact that it is not triangular, this roof structure 100 can be used with or without a flexible membrane 120, mostly on the ground or in a suspended position. It is advantageous because it can be assembled and then lifted into place using a simple cable tensioning device. The cable tensioning device is used to apply a final tension force to cable 104 as described below.

Construction of the cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 100 will be explained based on FIGS. 9 to 15. Cable truss dome-shaped roof structure 1
The construction of 00 takes advantage of the natural tendency of cables to sag concavely from above between fixed points under their own weight. Central tension ring 110 is supported on scaffolding 138 or rests on the ground and is hoisted into position by jacking cable 104. Cable 1 including upper chord 112 and diagonal chord 114 of support structure 102
The 04 bundles are positioned radially with respect to the contour area to be covered. The outer peripheral end of the cable 104 is secured to an external compression ring 108 and the other end of the cable 104, which becomes the upper chord 112, is secured to a central tension ring 110. Cable 104 that becomes diagonal string material 114
top chord 1 at successive locations corresponding to the placement of compression struts 106 along each support structure 102.
12 can hang downwardly from the remaining cables 104. The length of some of the diagonal chords 114 is longer than the required amount of the roof structure 100 being constructed, which serves construction purposes as described below.

As shown in FIG.
Place on scaffolding or stadium seating. Compression strut 106
are securely installed so that their mutual planar position is maintained during installation of the concentric tension ring 116. The cable 118 is connected to the corresponding compression strut 1
06 support pieces 132 to form a plurality of concentric tension rings 116. A concentric tension ring 116 is attached to the support 1 of each compression strut 106.
It will be slightly stretched when attached to 32. Compression struts 106 with hanging hardware 124, support pieces 132, and concentric tension rings 116 are hoisted vertically upward and secured to cables 104 forming upper chord 112. Alternatively, first attach the hanging hardware 124 to the cable 104, and then
Compression struts 106 may also be attached to hanging hardware 124 during construction of roof structure 100. Attachment of the hanger 124 to the cable 104 may be accomplished by pivoting a U-shaped bracket 126 to the upper end of the hanger 124 on the cable 104 and securing the cable 104 with a fitting 128. The cable 104 that becomes the diagonal string member 114 is
Insert through the lower end of compression strut 106. This procedure is repeated for all concentric arrangement members formed by the corresponding compression struts 106 and concentric tension rings 116. In addition, the compression strut 106
is installed, then attach the cable 104 to the upper end of one compression strut 106 and then attach it to the lower end of an adjacent compression strut 106, thus forming diagonal chords 114 while sequentially attaching the cable 104 to the contour area. You can also pass it on to
In this manner, the roof structure 100 can be easily assembled and constructed at a ground level location.

these compression struts 106 while engaging the free ends of the diagonal chords 114 with the outermost compression struts 106.
By shortening the length of the diagonal chord material 114 passing through, the diagonal chord material 114 is lifted. This places the cables 104 forming the top chord 112 and the diagonal chord 114 in tension, lifting the outer portions of the support structure 102 upwardly, as shown in the steps of FIGS. 10 through 12. . Repeatedly lifting the diagonal chords 114 for each concentric arrangement of members formed by the corresponding compression struts 106 and concentric tension members 116 until all cables 104 in the roof structure 100 are lifted.
be placed in tension. This reverses the curvature of the roof structure 100 upward, as shown in the construction procedure shown in FIGS. 11 to 14. Diagonal chords 114 are then secured to compression struts 106 to complete the construction of roof structure 100. As previously discussed, cross braces 130 may be provided between adjacent corresponding compression struts 106, and platforms 134 may be provided to create passageways. The roof structure 100 is covered with a flexible membrane 120;
It is prestressed by tensioning the valley cable 122 or by tensioning the diagonal chord 114.

Concentric internal tension rings 116 are strung across a plane or over a support structure, such as stadium seating, and suspended with compression struts 106 for attachment to cables 104 that become upper chords 112 . The cable 104, which serves as the upper chord member 112, is in an inverted position, and by simultaneously shortening the diagonal chord member 114 arranged on a concentric circle, the concave surface is placed in a downward position, and the support structure 102 is partially reversed in curvature. come to arise. Alternatively, a mechanical blower may be used to inflate the roof structure and attach the flexible membrane 12 to the cables 104 and valley cables 122.
It turns out that 0 can also be attached. The upward movement of the flexible membrane 120 by the mechanical blower reverses the curvature of the support structure 102 and causes the diagonal chord 1
The compression strut 106 is brought into approximately its final position so that the compression strut 106 can be attached. using a hydraulic jack to position the compression strut 106 in its final position;
The support structure 102 is placed in a position with the concave side facing downward. At this point, the internal pressure generated by the mechanical blower no longer requires the roof structure 100 to be maintained upwardly. By carrying out the construction procedure on a plane or as close to the ground as possible, the procedure is greatly facilitated.

16 and 17 show one half of a dome-shaped roof structure 140 constructed from a cable truss structure according to another embodiment of the invention. The roof structure 140 consists of a plurality of cables 142 placed over a contoured area covered with a flexible membrane 120, for example of the type shown in FIG. Cable 142 is similar to cable 104 of the previous embodiment. In spanning the contour area, one end of cable 142 is attached to continuous external compression ring 108 . An external compression ring 108 is placed around the outer periphery of the contoured area to be covered. Alternatively, the cable 142 can be secured to a plurality of independent anchor blocks (not shown) buried in the ground at the outer periphery of the contour area. A cable 142 extends over a portion of the contoured area and the other end of the cable is connected to a central tension ring 144 in the manner described below.
Fixed to. In addition to cables 142, roof structure 140 includes a plurality of rigid compression struts 146.
This compression strut 146 is similar in function to the compression strut 106 shown in FIG. 2, although it has a different length.

Cable 142 is disposed within roof structure 140 and forms top chord 148, diagonal chord 150, and bottom chord 152. As shown, the upper chord member 1
The number of cables in 48 is the external compression ring 10
8 to the central tension ring 144. On the other hand, the number of cables in the lower chord member 152 is
Outer compression ring 108 to central tension ring 144
The rate increases towards . In embodiments, the plurality of continuous cables 142 are connected to the first compression strut 146.
is fixed to the upper end, thereby allowing the upper chord 1 to be connected between the outer compression ring 108 and the first compression strut 146.
form 48. The cable 142 is attached to the lower end of an adjacent second compression strut 146' forming a diagonal chord 150 therebetween. Diagonal string material 15
Cable 142 forming 0 is connected to the next compression strut 1
46'', and the free end of the cable 142 is attached to the lower end of the central tension ring 144. The remaining cables 142, attached to the upper end of the first compression strut 146, are attached to the upper ends of the compression struts 146' to form a top chord 148. The number of cables in the top chord 148 running between adjacent first and second compression struts 146 and 146' fewer than the number of cables in the top chord running between it and the first compression strut 146.Similarly, the cables 142 connected to the upper end of the second compression strut 146' are connected to the adjacent third compression strut 1
46'' to form diagonal chord 150 and finally to the lower end of central tension ring 144 to form bottom chord 152. The remaining compression strut 146' is attached to the upper end of second compression strut 146'. cable 142 is attached to the upper end of an adjacent third compression strut 146'' in the manner described above.

Therefore, successive compression struts 146, 146',
The number of cables in the top chord 148 between 146'' decreases, while the number of cables in the cables 142 forming the bottom chord 152 increases between successive compression struts. That is, the cables 142 148, diagonal chord material 150, and lower chord material 152
It extends continuously from the outer compression ring 108 toward the central tension ring 144 in the shape of . Compression struts 146, 146', 146'' are also secured between upper chord 148 and lower chord 152 to maintain cable 142 in tension by applying a load.

As shown in FIG. 17, compression struts 146 are secured to cables 142 by saddle-type brackets 154, 154'. As shown, upper and lower brackets 154 and 154' are secured to the ends of compression struts 146. Upper bracket 15
4 is provided with a pair of spaced apart ears 156 between which the cable 142 is held. The lower bracket 154' has a U-shaped restraining plate 1.
58 is provided, and the cable 14 is connected between the restraint plates.
Hold 2. The cable 142 is also constrained between spaced bushings 160. In this way, the compression strut 146 is placed between the cable 142, the upper chord 158 and the lower chord 15.
2 to maintain the cable in tension while a load is applied.

Construction of this roof structure 140 will be briefly explained. The construction of the roof structure 140 is shown in FIG.
Note that there is some similarity to the method of construction of roof structure 100 described in connection with Figures 5 through 5.
That is, the bundle of cables 142 overlaps the contoured area with the outer compression ring 108 and the central tension ring 14.
Place it between 4 and 4. The plurality of compression struts 146 are
Attaches to cable 142 at a location intermediate outer compression ring 108 and central tension ring 144 . As shown in FIG. 16, the cable 142 is
Upper chord member 148, diagonal chord member 150, and lower chord member 1
Form 52. Cables 142 and compression struts 146 may be assembled on the ground or using scaffolding 138 in the manner described above. Roof structure 100 is constructed by tensioning cable 142 by coupling the free end of cable 142 to external compression ring 108 at a predetermined location. Outer compression ring 108 and central tension ring 1
When each cable 142 is stretched by shortening the length of the cable 142 between the cables 144 and 44, the cables 142 forming the upper chord 148, the diagonal chord 150, and the lower chord 152 are placed in tension. and the outer portion of the roof structure 140 is hoisted upward. By continuing to tension the cables 142 that form adjacent inner diagonal chords 150, all cables within the roof structure 140 are placed in tension. This causes the roof structure 140 to be lifted to a self-supporting state in tension, as shown in FIG. Additionally, cross braces 13 are provided between adjacent corresponding compression struts 146.
0 can also be provided. cable truss 140
is covered with a flexible membrane 120 and the valley cable 12 is covered with a flexible membrane 120.
Prestress by tension of 2. Valley cable 122 is attached between central tension ring 144 and outer compression ring 108.

Although the present invention has been described based on specific examples,
The examples merely illustrate the principles and applications of the invention. It is therefore to be understood that many modifications may be made to the embodiments and other arrangements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims below. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a cable truss dome-shaped roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of one of the radially disposed support structures of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the central tension ring portion of FIG. 1; 4 is a partial side view of the central tension ring of FIG. 3; FIG. Fifth
The figure is a partial side view of a compression strut with hanging hardware. 6 is a partial front view of the compression strut of FIG. 5; FIG. 7 is a top cross-sectional view of the compression strut and multiple concentric tension rings of FIG. 5; FIG. 8 is a side view showing the lower end of the compression strut of FIG. 7; FIG. 9 to 15 are schematic diagrams showing the construction procedure of the roof structure of FIG. 1. FIG. 16 is a side sectional view of another embodiment of the invention. Figure 17 is the 16th
FIG. 3 is a partial side view of the compression strut shown in the figure; 100... Roof structure, 102... Support structure, 104
...Cable, 106...Compression strut, 108...Outer compression ring, 110...Central tension ring, 112...Top chord member (tensile member), 114...Diagonal chord member (tension member), 1
16... Concentric tension ring, 120... Flexible membrane, 140... Roof structure, 142... Cable, 14
4...Central tension ring, 146...Compression strut, 148
...Top chord material, 150...Diagonal chord material, 152...Lower chord material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A substantially horizontal outer compression ring that forms part of the outer peripheral wall of the building, a substantially horizontal central tension ring, and a radially extending space between the outer compression ring and the center tension ring. a plurality of support structures disposed and respectively secured to the outer compression ring and the central tension ring, each support structure comprising at least one support structure forming a top chord each disposed in a substantially vertical plane; an arcuate upper tension member; at least one diagonal tension member extending inwardly and diagonally downwardly from the upper tension member; and at least one diagonal tension member having an upper end attached to the upper tension member and a lower end attached to the diagonal tension member. a generally vertical rigid compression strut, each set of the upper tension member, the diagonal tension member, and the rigid compression strut forming a triangle in the generally vertical plane; triangles forming separate triangular supports located at a common radial location between the outer compression ring and the central tension ring; the supports have no common edge with other triangular supports in the support structure, and are arranged concentrically with the outer compression ring and the central tension ring and each group of triangular supports A roof structure comprising at least one generally horizontal tension ring attached to the lower end of each compression strut of a shaped support. 2. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper tension member and the diagonal tension member are comprised of a plurality of cables. 3. The number of cables of the upper tension member decreases sequentially from the outer compression ring towards the central tension ring, and at least one cable of the upper tension member is stripped to the next of the support structures. 3. A roof structure as claimed in claim 2, forming an inner diagonal tension member. 4. The roof structure of claim 1, wherein the horizontal concentric tension ring comprises a plurality of cables. 5. The roof structure of claim 1, wherein the support structure is overlaid with a roof covering. 6. A roof structure according to claim 5, wherein the cover is a flexible membrane. 7. Claim 6 including tensioning means extending radially between said outer compression ring and said central tensioning ring and adjacent said support structure for tensioning said flexible membrane. Roof structure as described in Section. 8. The flexible membrane is made of synthetic fiber fabric, thin metal,
7. The roof structure according to claim 6, wherein the membrane is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene-coated fiberglass and silicone-coated polyester. 9 consisting of a plurality of radially arranged cable trusses, each cable truss comprising a plurality of continuous tension members and discontinuous compression struts, the tension members located at opposite ends of the cable truss; an upper chord member and a lower chord member extending between the upper and lower chord members, and a diagonal chord member extending between the upper and lower chord members; the compression strut is installed between the upper chord member and the lower chord member; The chord consists of a plurality of cables, the number of cables constituting the upper chord gradually decreases along the longitudinal direction of the cable truss, and the number of cables constituting the lower chord gradually decreases along the longitudinal direction of the cable truss. A cable truss structure characterized by a gradual increase along the direction. 10. The cable truss structure according to claim 9, wherein the upper chord, the lower chord, and the diagonal chord are formed into an integral structure by the continuous tension member. 11. The cable truss structure of claim 9, wherein the tension member and the compression strut are in the same plane. 12. The cable truss structure according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of cable trusses are spanned over a predetermined contour area, and a membrane is coated on the plurality of cable trusses to form a roof. 13. Claim 9, wherein the tension member comprises a plurality of cables extending along the longitudinal direction of the cable truss, and some of the cables continuously form the upper chord, diagonal chord, and lower chord. Cable truss structure described in. 14 The membrane is made of synthetic fiber fabric, thin metal, polytetrafluoroethylene-coated fiberglass,
13. A cable truss structure as claimed in claim 12 selected from silicone coated polyester.