JPH05192836A - Machining center - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To cause the engagement portion of a second engagement means to be always properly engaged, in a machining center provided with the second engagement means comprising a curbic coupling, etc. CONSTITUTION:A first engagement means 2 is provided on the side of the center of axis of a main spindle l and a second engagement means 7a is provided outside the means 2, and a first tool holder 3 which can engage with the first engagement means 2 and a second tool holder 3a which can engage with the second engagement means 7a can be used alternatively and when the second engagement means 7a is engaged with the second tool holder 3a a wash liquid is injected toward near this engagement portion from the center or outer side of the main spindle 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machining center in which a plurality of tool holders holding various tools are selectively mounted / replaced by a tool exchanging gripper to automatically perform appropriate machining. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to automatically and efficiently perform machining such as cutting and grinding, a machining tool is appropriately selected according to the type of machining required, and this is automatically adjusted. Machining centers that can be attached to a spindle to perform desired processing are widely used.

In the above machining center, various tools are installed in a magazine near the main spindle (spindle) of the machining center body while being gripped by the tool holders, and the required tool holder is selected from this magazine. The tool change gripper replaces the tool holder attached to the spindle. Then, the rotation torque of the main shaft is, as shown in FIG.
The key 2 protruding from the lower end surface of the main shaft 1 and the key groove 4 formed in the upper end surface of the tool holder 3 for gripping the tool are engaged to be transmitted.

By the way, in machining, it is sufficient to transmit a relatively small rotational torque to the tool holder 3, as in the case of using an end mill cutter having a small diameter.
For example, when a face mill cutter or the like is used, a relatively large rotational torque may be transmitted to the tool holder 3, but as described above, the key 2 on the spindle 1 side and the key groove 4 on the tool holder 3 side are transmitted. In the fitting structure of and, there is a possibility that a large rotational torque cannot be transmitted as in the latter case. Therefore, in the conventional machining center, the rotational torque that can be transmitted is limited, and it has been impossible to perform machining that requires transmission of a large rotational torque above a certain level.

On the other hand, recently, a machining center capable of transmitting a small rotational torque to a large rotational torque has been developed and is in use. As shown in FIG. 9, this has a step portion 5 protruding downward on the shaft center side at the lower end portion of the main shaft 1, and a key 2 similar to the conventional key 2 is formed on the lower end surface 6 on the shaft center side. One of the so-called curvic couplings 7 a is attached to the step surface 5 a of the step portion 5 via a bolt 8 so as to project. Further, this machining center is provided with a tool holder 3 similar to the conventional one (see FIG. 8) and a special tool holder 3a as shown in FIG. 9 in combination. This special tool holder 3a is suitable for high load specifications, that is, for receiving a relatively large rotational torque, and has a large diameter tool such as the face mill cutter 16 fixed thereto. A small-diameter tool such as an end mill cutter is fixed to the tool holder 3 similar to the conventional one.

The special tool holder 3a has a conventional flange portion 12 between the taper shank portion 10 inserted into the shaft hole 9 of the main spindle 1 and the grip groove 11 gripped by the tool change gripper. Has a larger diameter than
On the upper surface of this part, the other 7 of the curvic coupling 7
b is attached via a bolt 13. And
A groove 14 is formed in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the other side 7b of the curvic coupling 7, and an O-ring 15 for sealing is fitted in the groove 14. In addition,
The position of the holding groove 11 of the tool holder 3a with respect to the spindle 1 and the outer diameter thereof are set to be the same as those of the holding groove of the tool holder 3 shown in FIG. Therefore, when the tool holder 3a is attached to the spindle 1 of the machining center body, one of the curb coupling 7 on the spindle 1 side and the other 7b of the curb coupling 7 on the tool holder 3a side are attached as shown in the figure. The rotary power of the main shaft 1 meshing with each other is transmitted to the tool holder 3a via the curvic coupling 7. This allows machining with a tool such as the face mill cutter 16 having a relatively large diameter. Of course, the tool holder 3 shown in FIG. 8 is used for machining with a relatively small torque. As described above, by properly using the two types of tool holders 3 and 3a, it is possible to perform machining that requires various torques from a small rotation torque to a large rotation torque.

[0007]

However, in the machining center of the type in which the curbic coupling 7 or the like is incorporated to enhance the torque transmission force as described above, the space between the upper and lower teeth of the curbic coupling 7 or the like is increased. There is a problem in that cutting and grinding debris may enter and the meshing may deteriorate, and the tool holder 3a may be mounted with the spindle 1 and the shaft center misaligned to cause troubles such as tool damage and deterioration of machining accuracy. ..

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a machining center of the type in which a torque transmission force is enhanced by incorporating a curbic coupling or the like,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a machining center in which the engagement of a curbic coupling or the like is always properly performed.

[0009]

To achieve the above object, the present invention selectively attaches a plurality of tool holders respectively holding different types of tools to a spindle of a machining center by a tool change gripper. The main shaft, which is configured to be replaced, has first engaging means provided on the shaft center side and second engaging means provided on the outside thereof, and the plurality of tool holders have the first engaging means. The gripper comprises a first tool holder engageable with the engagement means and a second tool holder engageable with the second engagement means, each tool holder for a gripper having the same diameter at the same position with respect to the spindle. Targeting a machining center having a gripping groove, when the second engaging means and the second tool holder are engaged, the cleaning liquid is sprayed from the main shaft center side toward the vicinity of the engaging portion. Existing machining center In summary, when the second engaging means and the second tool holder are engaged, the cleaning center is adapted to be sprayed from the outside of the main shaft toward the vicinity of the engaging portion. The summary of

[0010]

That is, the machining center of the present invention is concerned with the first engaging means corresponding to the standard tool holder and the second tool holder outside the first engaging means and different from the standard tool holder. And a second engaging means for matching, and when the second engaging means and the second tool holder are engaged with each other, the cleaning liquid is directed toward the vicinity of the engaging portion from the spindle center side or the outside of the spindle. It is designed to be jetted. Therefore, according to the machining center of the present invention, when the second tool holder is mounted and engaged with the second engaging means on the side of the machining center, the engaging portions are cleaned with the jet cleaning liquid. Therefore, cutting debris and grinding debris do not clog the engaging portion, and proper engagement can always be maintained.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.

[0012]

1 is a partial sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. This machining center is basically similar to the machining center shown in FIG. 9, in which two engaging means are formed at the lower end of the spindle 1 and two types of tool holders 3, 3a (see FIG. 8 and FIG. 9).
That is, in this machining center, the key 2 is formed as a first engaging means so as to project on the shaft center side of the lower end surface 6 of the main shaft 1, so that the key 2 fits into the key groove 4 of the tool holder 3 in FIG. Is becoming Further, a step portion 5 is formed on the outer side thereof, and one side 7a of the curvic coupling 7 is attached to the step surface 5a as the second engaging means, and the large-diameter flange of the tool holder 3a is attached. It is adapted to be fitted with the other 7b of the curvic coupling 7 attached to the upper surface of the portion 12.

Injection nozzle holes 20 for injecting the cleaning liquid are formed at two positions (equal 180 °) facing the engaging portion of the curvic coupling 7 on the side surface of the main shaft 1 of the machining center. .. Each injection nozzle hole 20 has a water supply passage 21 extending vertically in the main shaft 1.
2, and each water supply passage 21 has a rotary joint 2 arranged above the main shaft 1 as shown in FIG.
The cleaning liquid supply pipe 23 is connected to the cleaning liquid supply pipe 23. A solenoid valve (not shown) is provided in the middle of the cleaning liquid supply pipe 23.
Is provided, and when the tool holder 3a is mounted on the taper shank portion 9 of the spindle 1 in response to an electrical instruction output from a control panel that controls the operation of the machining center, the upper and lower portions of the curb coupling 7 are Just before the teeth mesh,
The cleaning liquid is sprayed at high pressure. At this time,
Although there are only two injection nozzle holes 20, the cleaning liquid flows in the circumferential direction immediately before the upper and lower teeth of the curvic coupling 7 are engaged with each other and the gap between the teeth is small (indicated by diagonal lines in FIG. 3). Dust and dust ejected from the part shown) and adhering to the gaps between the teeth are removed to the outside. As a result, the upper and lower teeth of the curvic coupling 7 are cleaned, and the tool holder 3a is prevented from being misaligned with each other in proper meshing. Therefore, good machining can be performed without causing tool breakage or machining failure, which has been a problem in the past. In addition, the injection nozzle hole 20
When the cleaning liquid injected from the inside of the bearing 50 of the machining center main body that rotatably holds the main shaft 1 impairs the function of the bearing 50, the flange 51 is integrally formed on the upper side of the one side 7a of the carbic coupling 7. It is attached to the to prevent the infiltration of cleaning liquid.

In the above embodiment, the cleaning liquid is used as the spindle 1.
It is introduced from the water supply channel 20 that extends in the vertical direction,
The water supply route is not limited to this. For example, a water supply passage may be provided on the tool holder 3a side, and the cleaning liquid may be introduced into the water supply passage from the tool exchange gripper side. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, an injection nozzle hole 25 for injecting the cleaning liquid toward the meshing portion of the curvic coupling 7.
Is formed on the inner upper end surface of the other 7b of the curvic coupling 7 on the tool holder 3a side. Then, as a water supply path for introducing the cleaning liquid into the injection nozzle hole 25, a water supply path 26 is provided in the other 7b of the curvic coupling 7, and a water supply path communicating with the water supply path 26 is provided in the flange portion 12 of the tool holder 3a. 27 is provided, and one end of the water supply passage 27 is opened to the groove surface of the grip groove 11 for the tool change gripper (opening 28). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5 (plan view) and FIG. 6 (partial sectional front view), the tool holder is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the tool holder mounting side gripping portion 43 of the tool change gripper 40 provided on the machining center main body side. An opening 30 corresponding to the opening 28 on the 3a side is provided, and a water supply passage 31 communicating with the opening 30 is provided in the grip portion 43. And this water supply channel 3
1 is provided in the arm portion 42, and the water supply passage 33 communicating with the water supply passage 32 is connected to the gripper shaft 4.
Provided in 1. Then, a cleaning liquid introduction pipe is connected to the upper end portion of the gripper shaft 41, and the cleaning liquid is jetted just before the tool holder 3a is gripped by the tool exchange gripper 43 and mounted on the main shaft 1 as in the above embodiment. As a result, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 44 is a claw for gripping and fixing.

Further, in the above embodiment, the injection nozzle hole 20
Are provided at two positions on the side surface of the spindle 1 facing the meshing portion of the curvic coupling 7.
An annular groove may be formed on the entire circumference of the side surface, and the cleaning liquid may be sprayed from this groove to any portion in the circumferential direction. Further, the annular groove as described above may be formed not on the side surface of the main shaft 1 but on the inner peripheral side of the tooth portion of the one side 7a of the curvic coupling 7.

Further, the cleaning liquid may be jetted from the outside of the main shaft 1 toward the center side. That is,
As shown in FIG. 7, an outer cylinder 5 that rotatably holds the spindle 1.
Two injection nozzles 53 (180 ° equidistant) extending toward the meshing portion of the curvic coupling 7 are attached to the lower end surface of 2, and the cleaning liquid is introduced from a water supply passage 54 extending vertically in the outer cylinder 52. Then, it is possible to apply liquid from the outside to the engaging portion of the curvic coupling 7.

In the present invention, the cleaning liquid used is
It may be mere water or a liquid medicine containing a drug such as various surfactants. And the injection pressure is 20 to 1
It is preferable to set it to 00 kg / cm ² .

[0018]

As described above, the machining center of the present invention includes the first engagement means corresponding to the standard tool holder and the second engaging means outside the standard engagement tool holder, which is different from the standard specification tool holder. Second engaging means for engaging with the tool holder of the main spindle, and when the second engaging means and the second tool holder are engaged with each other, toward the vicinity of the engaging portion, the main spindle center side or the main spindle. The cleaning liquid is sprayed from the outside. Therefore, according to the machining center of the present invention,
The second engaging means on the side of the machining center body is provided with the second
When mounting and engaging the tool holder of, the engaging parts can be cleaned with the jet cleaning liquid, so that the engaging parts are not clogged with cutting chips and grinding chips, and proper engagement is always maintained. Can be maintained. As a result, the tool will not be mounted in a misaligned state, and the tool will not be damaged or defective.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a water supply path of the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a mode of jetting a cleaning liquid in the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing a main part of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a tool change gripper used in the other embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the tool change gripper.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the main parts of still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a main part of a conventional machining center.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a main part of the improved machining center.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 main shaft 2 key 3,3a tool holder 4 key groove 6 lower end surface of main shaft 7 curb coupling 7a one of curb coupling 7b other of curb coupling 20,25 injection nozzle hole 21,26-28,31- 33, 54 Water supply channel 53 Injection nozzle

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 13, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] All drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

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[Fig. 2]

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[Figure 8]

[Figure 9]

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A main shaft of a machining center is configured so that a plurality of tool holders respectively holding different kinds of tools are selectively mounted and replaced by a tool replacement gripper, and the main shaft is provided on the shaft center side. A plurality of tool holders having a first engagement means and a second engagement means provided on the outer side of the first engagement means; and a plurality of tool holders capable of engaging with the first engagement means; A second tool holder capable of engaging with two engaging means, each tool holder being a machining center having gripper gripping grooves of the same diameter at the same position with respect to the spindle, and the second engaging means. A machining center characterized in that, when engaging with a second tool holder, a cleaning liquid is sprayed from the center side of the spindle toward the vicinity of the engaging portion. 2. The machining center according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning liquid is sprayed toward the vicinity of the engaging portion of the second engaging means via a water supply passage formed in the main shaft. 3. The cleaning liquid communicates with the first water supply passage formed in the tool exchange gripper and the first water supply passage formed in the second tool holder and held by the tool exchange gripper. The machining center according to claim 1, wherein the injection is performed toward the vicinity of the second engaging means engaging portion via the second water supply passage. 4. A plurality of tool holders respectively holding different types of tools are configured to be selectively mounted / replaced on a spindle of a machining center by a tool exchanging gripper, and the spindle is provided on the axial center side. A plurality of tool holders having a first engagement means and a second engagement means provided on the outer side of the first engagement means; and a plurality of tool holders capable of engaging with the first engagement means; A second tool holder capable of engaging with two engaging means, each tool holder being a machining center having gripper gripping grooves of the same diameter at the same position with respect to the spindle, and the second engaging means. A machining center characterized in that, when engaging with a second tool holder, a cleaning liquid is sprayed from the outside of the main shaft toward the vicinity of the engaging portion. 5. The cleaning liquid is sprayed toward the second engaging means engaging portion via a water supply passage formed in an outer cylinder that rotatably holds a main shaft. The machining center according to claim 4.