JPH0518409A - Fastening method for coupling machine element and element used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide easy handling at transite or in fastening works by coupling one of the members or both of them by one touch motion; and generate uncoupling from the other member through disengagement of a detent piece from a receptacle by turning the one member at the time of fastening. CONSTITUTION:A detent piece 5 installed protrusively on the seat 4 of one of the members 1 is hitched at a receptacle 7 provided at a through hole 6 in the other member 2, and the two members 1, 2 are coupled by rotating the one member.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for assembling fastening mechanical elements used for assembling or connecting articles and a fastening mechanical element.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, fastening mechanical elements used for assembling or connecting articles, for example, nuts and washers are
In the case of sandwiching and fastening the member to be fastened, it is often necessary to use both at the same time, so that the two are often integrally combined in a separate process, and this is as shown in FIG. A nut 22 formed by integrally molding a ring body 21 on the bearing surface 20.
And a washer 24 having a locking groove 23 provided on the inner circumference thereof, in the connection thereof, after fitting the ring body 21 of the nut 22 into the inner hole 25 of the washer 24, the ring body 21 Is expanded outwardly and caulked to the locking groove 23 of the washer 24 to integrate the two 22, 24 into a nut 26 with a washer.

This has the advantage of being easy to handle during the distribution process and fastening work, but when the nut with washer is screwed onto a bolt or the like with a member to be fastened sandwiched, the washer and nut are joined together. Since the washer surface rotates while coming into contact with the surface of the member to be fastened, it causes a large rotational resistance during tightening, which makes it difficult to fasten it, and the washer is in rotational contact with the surface of the fastened member. As a result, scratches are generated on the surface.

Further, since the washer and the nut are integrally formed in advance in the secondary process, they cannot be used individually by dividing these two members in use.

Further, since the caulking work is performed after the washer and the nut are surface-finished by plating or the like, the plating is peeled off or damaged due to the bending or kinking of the member, and the commercial value thereof is remarkably reduced. .

[0006] There are various problems such as.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a locking piece protruding from a seating surface or a screw portion of one member is provided in a through hole of the other member. By engaging with the receiving portion and connecting the two members by rotating one of the members to facilitate handling during the distribution process or fastening work, and when the one member or the like is rotated during fastening, the locking piece and An object of the present invention is to provide a method of coupling a fastening mechanical element that is disengaged from a receiving portion and released from a connection with the other member, and a fastening mechanical element thereof.

[0008]

The means of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is to engage a locking piece projecting on the seating surface of one member with a receiving portion in the through hole of the other member, A method of connecting the mechanical elements for fastening in which the two members are connected by rotating one member, and a locking piece protruding from the seat surface of the nut or bolt are provided in the spring washer from the cut end of the spring washer. The pair of locking pieces are engaged with the spiral receiving portion of the spring washer in a tightened state by engaging with the receiving portion of the through hole and rotating the nut, bolt or spring washer, and the two members And a method of connecting the mechanical elements for fastening, in which the screw portion of one member such as a bolt is inserted into the through hole of the other member, and the locking piece provided at the end of the screw portion is inserted into the through hole of the other member. By engaging with the receiving part of and rotating one member A method for connecting a mechanical element for fastening, in which the two members are connected to each other, one member having a screw portion, a locking piece projecting from a seat surface of the one member, the other member having a through hole, and the other A structure of a fastening mechanical element provided with a receiving portion which is provided in a through hole of a member and engages with a locking piece of the one member, one member having a screw portion, and a screw portion in the one member Fastening provided with a locking piece projecting at the terminal end of the other member, the other member having a through hole, and a receiving portion provided in the through hole of the other member and engaged with the locking piece of the one member. The configuration of the mechanical element for use and the receiving portion of the other member described above are the configuration of the mechanical element for fastening having an inclined surface in the loosening direction or the screwing direction of the screw.

[0009]

The coupling method of the fastening mechanical element and the mechanical element configured as described above have the following actions.
When a locking piece projecting from the seating surface of one member or a threaded portion is engaged with a receiving portion in the through hole of the other member and one of the members is rotated, for example, in the loosening direction of the screw, the locking piece Is gradually engaged while moving along the inclined surface of the receiving portion, so that the upper surface of the other member and the seat surface of the one member come into contact with each other and the two members are tightened to integrally connect. is there.

In this state, when the one member is screwed into the screw member while sandwiching the member to be fastened and tightened, the one member rotates integrally with the other member, and the outer surface of the other member abuts the surface of the member to be fastened. , Furthermore, when one member is tightened, this locking piece moves in the screwing direction along the inclined surface of the receiving portion of the other member,
At last, since it comes off from the receiving portion, the connection between the one member and the other member is released, and only the one member is rotated to tighten the member to be fastened.

Further, when one of the members is rotated in the direction of loosening in the above-mentioned operation, the locking piece engages again with the receiving piece having the inclined surface and is integrally connected. The two parts are disengaged in the coupled state.

Further, when the inclined surface of the receiving portion is provided in the screwing direction, the screw member screwed into the one member is engaged with the engaging piece of the one member in the receiving portion. When loosened, the rotational force of the screw member is transmitted to the one member, but due to the engagement of the locking piece and the receiving portion, the rotational force of both is further applied in the tightening direction, so that the one member is No co-rotation.

[0013]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fastening mechanical element coupling method according to the present invention; 12 to 16 and FIGS. 18 and 19 A
Is a mechanical element for fastening composed of one member 1 and the other member 2, and is used for assembling or connecting articles.

The above-mentioned one member 1 is a nut commonly used in the art, as shown in FIGS.
Although not shown, wing nuts, cap nuts, etc., which are very common, bolts commonly used in the industry as shown in FIG. 4 (a), and headless bolts as shown in FIG. 4 (b) A nut 1b is bonded to one side of 1a by bonding or caulking to be integrated, or a hexagon socket head bolt, anchor bolt, machine screw, tapping screw, wood screw, etc., not shown. Needless to say, the above-mentioned nuts and the like internal threads, and bolts and the like are provided with threaded portions 3 of male threads, respectively. Is projected.

When a metal material is used, this locking piece 5 is hit by a known press machine or cold forging or die casting, and when it is made of synthetic resin, it is integrally formed.
Alternatively, it is formed so as to slightly project from the seat surface 4 by a processing method such as cutting.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4 (d), at one location, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c) and at 2 locations as shown in FIG. 4 (c), or at FIG. 2 (d). ) And FIG. 4 (c), it is provided at three places. As shown in FIGS. 2 (a), 2 (b), 2 (d), it is substantially concentric with the screw part 3 and has an oval shape. 2 (c), or as shown in FIG. 2 (c), in parallel with each other with the screw portion 3 interposed therebetween.
(d), as shown in FIG. 5 (b), an elliptical shape with the screw portion 3 as the center, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), a substantially triangular shape with the screw portion 3 as the center, and FIG. As shown in Fig. 3 (f)
It may be formed in a substantially square shape as shown in
As shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c), the skirt portion 5b, which is continuously formed in a perfect circle around the threaded portion 3, is pressed into a predetermined shape by pressing or roller rolling. Although not shown, this lower end may be formed with a step.

When the engaging piece 5 is formed in a broken circle or intermittently, it is not limited to the structure of three or less places, and it goes without saying that a plurality of places may be used.

Further, the locking piece 5 has a tongue 5a which comes into contact with and engages with a receiving portion of the other member 2 which will be described later, and is extended outward by a spreading member such as a roller (not shown). As shown in FIG. 2 (b) and FIG. 2 (d), it is provided in the middle portion of the locking piece 5 or by using the expanding member only on one side edge of the locking piece 5 by pushing it apart. By pushing it apart, it is provided as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (c), or as shown in FIG. 4 (c),
This toe 5a is provided in an eccentric state, and when a continuous skirt portion 5b without a circle is formed,
As shown in (c), a slit 5c is provided on a part of the outer periphery thereof to facilitate push-spreading by the spreading member,
As shown in FIG. 3 (g), the lower edge of the skirt portion 5b may be formed in an arc shape.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (e), the pair of locking pieces 5, 5 may be provided with different lengths, that is, steps, and are formed into bolts as shown in FIG. 5 (d). If the seat 4
It may be integrally formed over the screw part 3 and the screw part 3.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the tongue 5a is parallel to the seat surface 4, or is it a chevron as shown in FIG. 1 (c), or
As shown in (d), the end is formed obliquely,
By forming the chevron shape or the slanted shape, the insertion into the receiving portion described later becomes easy.

The other member 2 is made of a conventional spring washer, a flat washer, or a substrate to be a member to be fastened, a molded product made of metal or synthetic resin, a building / construction material, or the like. Also the threaded portion 3 of the one member 1
A through hole 6 having a diameter larger than the diameter is provided. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, it is a substantially perfect circle, or a slightly elliptical shape not shown, or as shown in FIG. 11 (a). In addition, it is formed into a long hole shape or a substantially gourd shape having a straight portion in the middle as shown in FIG. 11 (b).

A receiving portion 7 with which the locking piece 5 of the one member 1 engages is attached to the inner circumference of the through hole 6, and as shown in FIGS. A groove is formed on the entire circumference of the through hole 4, or as shown in FIG. 8, it is formed intermittently in accordance with the attachment state of the locking piece 5 in the one member 1 described above, preferably from the cut 2a. It is formed so as to be connected.

The receiving portion 7 is shown in FIG.
As shown in ~ (c)
As shown in (d) and (e), it is provided in a convex shape.
In the case of providing it in this convex shape, as shown in FIG. 9, the insertion portions 7a of the locking pieces 5 are provided in the projecting portions formed in an eccentric state.

Further, the engaging piece 5 of the one member 1 is attached to the receiving portion 7.
14 and, as shown in FIG. 14, provide a spiral-shaped inclined surface that engages with the locking piece 5 when it is rotated in the loosening direction with respect to the screw and becomes a tightened state, or As shown, a spiral inclined surface is provided so that the locking piece 5 is engaged and tightened when rotated in the screwing direction, or a substantially parallel surface without inclination is provided. is there.

When the spring washer is used for the other member 2, as shown in FIG. 7, the cut 2a is formed in a stepped shape and has a twist as a whole, so that the receiving portion provided in the through hole 4 is formed. 7 inevitably becomes a spiral inclined surface.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 16, the other member 2 may be a flat plate member, an L-shaped member, an H-shaped member, or another deformed member to be fastened. Similarly to the above, the receiving portion 7 adopting the above-described embodiment is formed on the inner peripheral edge of the through hole 6, and for example, as shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 11 (c), spiral shape, or as shown in Fig. 11 (d), both edges are tapered from the inlet to the other side, or
As shown in (e), one side edge is tapered from the entrance to the other side, or is inclined in parallel to one side as shown by the phantom line in the figure, or both sides are inclined as shown in Fig. 11 (f). The edges are tapered from the entrance to the other side, and steps are provided on both edges, and as shown in phantom lines in FIG. A convex portion may be formed on both sides.

Although not shown, the other member 2 may be a coil spring having a predetermined length. In this case, the receiving portion 7 is formed on the inner peripheral edge of the one end. The receiving portion 7 and the locking piece 5 of the one member 1 are integrally coupled to each other, and this coil spring is used as a shaft of a member to be fastened when assembling or connecting articles. When it is used as an exterior or when it is inserted into the mounting hole
It is difficult to handle, but the coil spring can be easily attached and detached.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, when the one member 1 and the other member 2, for example, the nut 1 and the spring washer 2 are integrally connected, as shown in FIG. 5 is applied to the upper surface of the spring washer 2 or is hooked on the groove-shaped receiving portion 7, and the other locking piece 5 is cut 2a of the spring washer 2.
Position and rotate in the direction shown by the arrow in the figure, that is, in the direction in which the screw loosens, the other locking piece 5
Is easily inserted from the groove-shaped receiving portion 7 in the cut 2a.

When the nut 1 is further rotated,
Since the tongue 5a of the locking piece 5 and the receiving portion 7 mesh with each other in a screw shape by the receiving portion 7 having the inclined surface, the spring washer 2
As shown in Fig. 13, a part of the upper surface of the
Since it prevents the nut 1 from rotating by contacting the
2 are integrally connected in a tightened state.

Therefore, as described above, the nut 1 and the spring washer 2 which are integrated with each other by sandwiching the member to be fastened to the bolt.
When and are screwed together and tightened, the nut 1 rotates integrally with the spring washer 2 and the outer surface of the spring washer 2 contacts the surface of the member to be fastened. Since the locking piece 5 moves in the screwing direction along the inclined surface of the receiving portion 7 of the spring washer 2, and finally the tongue 5a of the spring washer 2 is disengaged from the receiving portion 7, the connection between the nut 1 and the spring washer 2 is released. Only the nut 1 rotates, the washer rotates together with the nut to generate a large rotation resistance as in the conventional case, and the tightening of the fastened member is performed without damaging the fastened member surface due to the sliding of the washer. Be done.

When the nut 1 is rotated in the direction of loosening in the above operation, the locking piece 5 again engages with the receiving portion 7 having the inclined surface, and the tongue 5a is engaged and integrally connected. Therefore, when removed from the bolt, the two members of the nut 1 and the spring washer 2 are detached in a coupled state, which is convenient for handling.

When the bolt 1 and the flat washer 2 or the flat plate member 2 serving as the member to be fastened are integrally connected, the flat washer 2 or the through hole 4 of the flat plate member 2 serving as the member to be fastened is formed. When the locking piece 5 is inserted into the insertion port 7a of the receiving portion 7 provided in the corresponding position and rotated in the screwing direction, the locking piece 5 engages with the inclined surface of the receiving portion 7, Since the tongue 5a and the receiving portion 7 mesh with each other in a screw shape in the same manner as described above, a part of the upper surface of the flat washer 2 or the flat plate-like plate material 2 serving as a member to be fastened is accordingly attached to the bearing surface 4 of the bolt 1. Abut the bolt 1
Since the rotation of the two is suppressed, the both 1 and 2 are integrally connected in a tightened state.

When a bolt is used as the one member 1, the engaging piece 5 and the receiving portion 7 engage with each other to integrally fasten the member 2 to be fastened. Therefore, as shown in FIG. The temporary fixing effect of No. 1 is obtained, and when the other member 2 such as a bolt is inserted into the through hole 6 formed in the upward position at the time of transportation, the slip-off is prevented.

Further, when the inclined surface of the receiving portion 7 is provided in the screwing direction, the bolt 1 in the state in which one member, for example, the locking piece 7 of the bolt 1 is engaged with the receiving portion 7. When the nut screwed in is loosened, the rotational force of the nut is
However, due to the engagement between the locking piece 5 and the receiving portion 7, the rotational force of both is further applied in the tightening direction.
Does not co-rotate with the nut.

Further, when the through hole 6 of the member to be fastened 2 is bored with a slight clearance with respect to the threaded portion 3 of the bolt 1, the locking piece 5 of the bolt 1 and the member 2 to be fastened are received. Even if there is only one part 7, the two members 1 and 2 are sufficiently connected.

FIG. 17 shows another embodiment of the locking piece 5. In this example, the bolt is provided at the end of the threaded portion 3 of the one member 1 of the bolt, and as shown in FIG. If the threaded portion 3 is inserted into the through hole 6 of the other member 2 and the locking piece 5 is engaged with the receiving portion 7 provided in the through hole 6 and rotated, the locking piece 5 and the receiving portion 7 are separated from each other. The two members 1 and 2 are joined by the engagement.

The locking piece 5 described above is shown in FIG.
As shown, it may be provided at the outer peripheral edge of the other member 2, and by providing the receiving portion 7 of the other member 2 as shown in FIG. 2c which can be connected to each other, and the receiving portion 7 provided on the outer periphery of the engaging piece 5 and the through hole 6 in the other member 2.
Engage and.

FIG. 19 shows a state in which the nut 1 having the engaging piece 5 having the skirt portion 5b on the seat surface 4 and the flat plate-shaped other member 2 are connected to each other. When the locking piece 5 of the nut 1 is inserted and rotated and the nut 1 is rotated at a desired position of the elongated hole 6, the locking piece 5 is inserted into the receiving portion 7 provided on the outer periphery of the through hole 6 in the other member 2. 5 engage.

[0039]

As described above, in the method for coupling the fastening mechanical element and the fastening mechanical element of the present invention, the locking piece protruding from the seating surface of one member is received in the receiving portion of the through hole of the other member. Since the two members are connected by being engaged with each other and rotating one of the members, the two members are excellent in handling during the distribution process and the fastening work, and the members to be fastened to the screw member or the like by sandwiching the fastened member. When the members are screwed together, the one member and the other member are easily separated by the rotational force, so that the two members do not rotate together, and the one member is easily tightened without receiving rotational resistance. Further, since the other member does not make a rotational contact with the surface of the member to be fastened, the surface is not scratched.

Further, since the one member and the other member can be easily separated by rotating one or both of them, in use, these two members can be divided and used individually. it can.

Since the two members are joined by the engagement between the inclined surface of the receiving portion and the locking piece of the other member, the inclination of the screw in the screwing direction or the loosening direction can be selectively formed as appropriate. It is possible to prevent co-rotation of one member and the screw member when screwing or loosening with the screw member, and the other member such as a fastened member due to engagement of the locking piece and the receiving portion. When attached to, it is possible to prevent one member from falling off.

It has a special effect such as.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of one member by a nut in a fastening mechanical element according to the present invention, (a) is a half sectional view thereof, and (b) to (e) are examples of locking pieces. It is a front view shown.

2 is a bottom view of FIG. 1, showing (a) to FIG.
(d) is a front view showing each example of the locking piece.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the one member by the nut in FIG. 1, (a) is a partially cutaway front view, (b) to (f)
Is a bottom view and (g) is a front view.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of one member using a bolt in a fastening mechanical element according to the present invention, in which (a) is a front view,
(b) is a partially cutaway front view, and (c) and (d) are bottom views.

FIG. 5 shows another example of the one member by the bolt in FIG. 4, (a) is a partially cutaway front view, and (b) is a front view.
[FIG. 6] is a bottom view of (a), (c) is a front view showing still another example, and (d) is a partially cutaway front view.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the other member by the spring washer in the fastening mechanical element according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a modified example of the receiving portion in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an example of the other member of the fastening machine element according to the present invention, which is formed by a plain washer.

10 shows each example in an end view taken along line XX in FIG.

FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of the other member made of a plate material in the fastening machine element according to the present invention, and (a) and (b)
Is a plan view and (c) to (f) are cross-sectional views.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing a state before coupling one member with a nut and the other member with a spring washer.

13 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the combined state in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a partially longitudinal front view showing another example of the combined state of the one member and the other member.

15 is a partially longitudinal front view showing another example of the receiving portion in FIG.

FIG. 16 is a partially longitudinal front view showing another example of the combined state of the one member and the other member in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a front view showing a state before coupling one member with a nut and the other member with a spring washer.

FIG. 18 is a front view showing another example of the joined state of the two members in FIG. 1.

FIG. 19 is a bottom view showing still another example of the combined state in FIG.

FIG. 20 is a partially longitudinal front view showing a conventional nut with washer by caulking.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 One-sided member 2 other member 4 seat 5 locking piece 6 through holes 7 Receiver

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A locking piece projecting from a seating surface of one member is engaged with a receiving portion in a through hole of the other member, and the one member is rotated to connect the two members. And a method of connecting mechanical elements for fastening. 2. A nut, bolt or spring washer is rotated by engaging a locking piece protruding from the bearing surface of the nut or bolt with the cutout of the spring washer to a receiving portion of a through hole in the spring washer. A method for coupling a fastening mechanical element, characterized in that the pair of locking pieces are engaged with a spiral receiving portion of the spring washer in a tightened state to connect the two members. 3. A screw member of one member such as a bolt is inserted into a through hole of the other member, and a locking piece provided at the end of the screw member is engaged with a receiving portion of the through hole of the other member to form the one member. A method for connecting fastening mechanical elements, characterized in that the two members are connected by rotating the. 4. One member having a threaded portion, a locking piece projecting from a seating surface of the one member, and the other member having a through hole,
A mechanical element for fastening, comprising: a receiving portion that is provided in a through hole of the other member and that engages with a locking piece of the one member. 5. One member having a threaded portion, a locking piece projecting from the end of the threaded portion of the one member, the other member having a through hole, and the other member internally provided in the through hole of the other member. A fastening machine element, comprising: a receiving portion with which a locking piece of one member engages. 6. The fastening mechanical element according to claim 4, wherein the receiving portion of the other member has an inclined surface in the loosening direction of the screw. 7. The fastening mechanical element according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the receiving portion of the other member has an inclined surface in the screw engaging direction.