JPH0518272U - Blower unit for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To reduce the axial dimension of the motor, expand the ventilation area, and reduce ventilation resistance and noise. [Structure] The brush 12 of the DC motor 3 of the automotive blower unit 1 has four or more poles, the winding 13 is wound 90 ° or more, and the commutator 11 and the bearing 9 are brought close to the rotor 10, The brush 12 is selectively used so that the brush 12 can be shifted.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an automobile blower unit.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 7, a blower unit 1a is conventionally installed on the back side of a glove box 2 in an air conditioner of an automobile, and a blower 4 is rotated by a DC motor 3a so that inside air or outside air is supplied to a heater unit 5. It is designed to blow air. FIG. 5 shows a DC motor 3a of the blower unit 1a, 6 is a casing, 7 is a fixed magnet, 8 is a shaft, 9 and 9 are bearings, 10 is a rotor, 11 is a rectifier, and 12 is a brush. .. Generally, in this type of DC motor, the brush 12 has two poles, and the winding 13 of the rotor 10 is wound at an angle of 180 ° as shown in FIG. Therefore, the U-turn portions 14 of the winding 13 intersect each other around the shaft 8 and are in a state of being swelled in the axial direction from the end surface of the rotor 10 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the commutator 11 and the bearings 9, 9 are separated from the end face of the rotor 10, and the axial dimension of the motor 3 is long.

Further, in order to control the shift of the blower motor 3a, the manual air conditioner is provided with a register for selecting a plurality of resistors provided in series in a power supply line to the motor 3a by lever operation, and The type air conditioner is provided with a power transistor for controlling the current to the motor 3a. Since such a register and a power transistor generate heat, they are provided in the blower duct of the blower unit and are cooled by the air blown from the blower.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 Since the blower unit 1a equipped with such a DC motor 3a has a long axial dimension of the DC motor 3a as described above, when the necessary foot space F is secured as shown in FIG. There was a problem of being limited. Further, since the cooling fins of the resistor or the power transistor are installed in the ventilation passage, there is a problem that ventilation resistance is large and noise is generated. An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a blower unit having a short motor axial dimension, capable of expanding a ventilation area, and having little ventilation resistance and noise. is there.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention relates to an automotive blower unit in which a blower is rotated by a DC motor to blow the inside air or the outside air to a heater unit. In addition to being wound more than a certain degree, the commutator and the bearing are brought close to the rotor, and the brushes are selectively used so that the speed can be changed.

[0006]

[Action]

 According to the above configuration, the blower motor has the winding wound around 90 ° or more, its U-turn portion is separated from the shaft, and the number of intersections is small. Therefore, the rise of the U-turn portion from the end surface of the rotor is The height is reduced, and it is formed in an annular shape at a position away from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft. Therefore, as a result of the rectifier or the bearing portion being located in the central portion of the annular protrusion, the axial length of the motor is shortened. In addition, the number of rotations changes by increasing the number of poles used by the brush to 2, 3, or 4.

[0007]

【Example】

 1 shows a blower motor 3 of an automotive blower unit 1 according to the present invention, which is substantially the same as the motor shown in FIG. 5 except that the number of poles of a brush 12 and a winding structure of a rotor 10 are different. Corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals. The brush 12 has four poles, and the winding 13 of the rotor 10 is wound at an angle of 90 ° as shown in FIG. Therefore, the U-turn portion 14 of the winding 13 on the end face of the rotor 10 is separated from the outer periphery of the shaft 8 and the number of intersections is reduced. Therefore, the swelling of the U-turn portion 14 of the winding 13 is formed in a ring shape at a position away from the outer circumference of the shaft 8, and the space at the center of the swelling is shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. A is formed.

The commutator 11 has entered the space A and is close to the end face of the rotor 10 as shown in FIG. 1, and the bearing portions 9 and 9 of the shaft 8 have the conventional motor 3 a shown in FIG. As is clear from a comparison with the above, the U-turn portion 14 of the winding 13 is located closer to the end face of the rotor 10 by the amount of less swelling. As a result, the length of the motor 3 in the axial direction is shortened. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the blower unit 1 incorporating the motor 3 has an axial length of the motor 3 even if the same foot space F as the conventional one shown in FIG. The ventilation area S is increased by the amount of shortening.

On the other hand, the four-pole brush 12 of the motor 3 is provided with a transmission 15 as shown in FIG. The transmission 15 includes a board 16 and a slider 17. Four fixed contact pieces 18a, 18b, 18c, and 18d having different lengths are arranged in parallel on the substrate 16 with one end aligned, and each fixed contact piece 18a to 18d is a four-pole brush 12a of the motor. ~ 12d. The slider 17 contacts the two adjacent fixed contact pieces 18a and 18b, and also contacts the movable contact piece 19a connected to the + pole of the battery power source and the other two adjacent fixed contact pieces 18c and 18d. However, it has a movable contact piece 19b connected to the ground.

The slider 17 is provided slidably along the fixed contact pieces 18a to 18d. At the H position at the left end in the figure, the movable contact pieces 19a and 19b are fixed contact pieces 18a and 18b, respectively. 18c, 18d, and in the middle M position, the movable contact piece 19a contacts the fixed contact pieces 18a, 18b, the movable contact piece 19b contacts only the fixed contact piece 18d, and at the left end L position. The movable contact pieces 19a and 19b can contact only the fixed contact pieces 18b and 18d, respectively. Therefore, in this transmission 15, when the slider 17 is operated to the H position, the brushes 12a and 12b become + and the brushes 12c and 12d become −, and the motor 3 rotates at high speed. When the slider 17 is operated to the M position, the brushes 12a and 12b are +, and the brush 12d is-and the motor rotates at a middle speed. When the slider 17 is operated to the L position, the brush 12b is + and the brush 12d is It becomes negative and the motor 3 rotates at a low speed.

As described above, since the motor 3 can be shifted by selectively using the number of poles of the brushes 12a to 12d, in the blower unit 1 of the present embodiment, the conventional shift control is performed. No register or power transistor is needed. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a cooling fin for the resistor or the power transistor in the ventilation passage of the blower unit 1, and the ventilation resistance is further reduced in addition to the reduction of the ventilation resistance due to the expansion of the ventilation area S as described above. Also, since there are no heat-generating parts such as resistors and power transistors, there is no risk of fire and it is safe. Furthermore, since gear shifting is possible without providing a register or power transistor, the electric resistance of the power supply line to the motor 3 is reduced, and the load on the generator is reduced.

Although the brush 12 of the motor 3 has four poles in the above embodiment, it may have six or more poles. When the number of poles is 6, the gears can be shifted in 5 steps by changing the number of poles to be used as in the case of the above embodiment.

[0013]

[Effect of the device]

 As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the axial length of the motor is shortened, so that the ventilation area can be increased, which increases the air volume and reduces the noise. In addition, since the speed can be changed by selectively using the number of poles of the brush, a register and a power transistor are not required as in the conventional case. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide cooling fins for them in the ventilation passage, and ventilation resistance is reduced. Also, since there are no heat-generating parts such as registers, the danger of fire due to heat generation can be avoided. Furthermore, since there is no resistor, etc., the electric resistance is reduced and the load on the alternator (generator) of the automobile is reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a blower motor of a blower unit of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an intersecting state of U-turn portions of a rotor winding of the blower motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a blower unit.

FIG. 4 is a wiring connection diagram of a blower motor.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a blower motor of a conventional blower unit.

6 is a front view showing an intersecting state of U-turn portions of a rotor winding of the blower motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a conventional blower unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Blower unit, 3 ... Motor, 4 ... Blower, 5 ... Heater unit, 9 ... Bearing part, 10 ... Rotor, 11 ... Commutator, 12 ... Brush, 13 ... Winding, 15 ... Transmission.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A blower unit for an automobile, wherein a blower is rotated by a DC motor to blow the inside air or the outside air to a heater unit, wherein the brush of the DC motor has four poles or more and the winding is wound at 90 ° or more. At the same time, the blower unit for an automobile is characterized in that the commutator and the bearing portion are brought close to the rotor, and the brush is selectively used to enable speed change.