JPH05180368A - Valve, connected valve and multiple connected valve connected to the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent improper operation by providing a primary chamber, a secondary chamber and a tertiary chamber which have respectively pressures of the primary chamber > the secondary chamber > the tertiary chamber, CONSTITUTION:Between a secondary chamber 11 and a tertiary chamber 14, a small passage 15 is formed. Therefore, the pressures of a primary chamber 9, the secondary chamber 11 and the tertiary chamber 14 have a relationship represented by that of the primary chamber 9 '> that of the secondary chamber 11 > that of the tertiary chamber 14. Thus, a valve body 5 moves toward a direction shown by an arrow A, so that a side port 7 communicates with an axial port 8. The quantity of flow of liquid of the small passage 15 per unit time is so designed as to be smaller than that of liquid of a clearance 16 per the unit time. Accordingly, the quantity of drain is so adjusted as to be small and the quantity of discharge flowing through the shaft port 8 is maintained. Thus, a high pressure device can be surely operated by the use of a pump of ordinary pressure and small capacity.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve used for controlling the flow of various liquids, a connecting valve connecting the valves, and a multi-connecting valve.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a valve as shown in FIG. 15 has been widely used for hydraulic control and the like. Since the present invention is an improvement of the above-mentioned conventional valve, the valve shown in the figure will be described first. In the figure, a is a main body,
Reference numeral b denotes a sleeve provided inside thereof, which has a valve chamber c and a valve seat d. Reference numeral e denotes a spherical valve element which is slidably accommodated in the valve chamber c. f is of the sleeve b,
A side port formed at the end portion on the side of the valve seat c, g is a shaft port, h is a primary chamber, i is a stopper, and j is a secondary chamber. Further, k is a drain passage communicating with a tank (not shown) provided outside the main body 1, and 1 is a spring. And this spring l is the valve body e
Is urged toward the valve seat d. And the drain passage k
Is equipped with a pilot valve m. Note that n is the valve seat of the pilot valve m, o is the first port, p is the second port, and q is the third port. Further, r indicates a minute gap between the valve body e and the spool a, and the gap r is 2/1000 mm to 1/1000.
It is formed to about 15/000 mm. s indicates an o-ring.

The operation of this valve will be described. First, the pressurized liquid is supplied to the first port o, and when the valve body e is opened in this state, the pilot valve m is opened.
Is opened to connect the drain passage k to an external tank (not shown). Then, since the secondary chamber j communicating with the drain passage k becomes a negative pressure than the primary chamber h, the valve body e moves in the direction of arrow Ae against the spring l, and the primary chamber h It communicates with the shaft port g, whereby the pressurized liquid in the first port o flows into the second port p. When stopping this flow, the pilot valve m is closed. Then, the drain passage k immediately has the same pressure as that of the secondary chamber h, so that the valve body e is moved by the spring l in the direction opposite to the arrow Ae, and the valve seat d is closed. The distribution of port p is stopped. Further, such a valve is favorably used because it can control a liquid having a high pressure with a slight force for opening and closing the pilot valve m. Also, since the valve element e is spherical, it is always seated correctly on the valve seat d, and there is no risk of liquid leakage, so it is used as a prize.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional valve has the following drawbacks. It does not cause any problems when controlling normal pressure liquid with this valve, but causes malfunctions when the control liquid has a high pressure, for example, when controlling liquid pressurized above 700 kilograms / square centimeter. .. Examining the reason for this, in this case, the pressurized liquid easily passes through the minute gap r between the valve body e and the spool b, and the primary chamber h and the secondary chamber j are momentarily almost the same. Because it becomes pressure,
Even if the pilot valve m is opened, the valve body e does not move in the arrow Ae direction. This can be easily understood by imagining a state in which the gap r is very large and a large amount of liquid instantaneously passes between the primary chamber h and the secondary chamber j.

Another problem is as follows.
For example, as an example, when a 900 kg / square centimeter hydraulic jack is connected to the second port p,
It is assumed that a 1000 kg / cm 2 hydraulic pump is connected to the first port. And the pilot valve m
When the pressure oil is opened, the pressurized oil of the hydraulic pump passes through the gap r between the valve body e and the sleeve b and flows out into the drain passage k, so that the pressure oil discharged to the second port p has a pressure of 90
It falls below 0 kilograms per square centimeter and the intended jack cannot be activated. Generally, in a high-pressure pump of 1000 kilograms / square centimeter, the discharge amount is usually about 1 to 1.5 rises / minute, which is a small volume. The reason is that high-pressure, large-capacity pumps require huge power plants and are uneconomically not manufactured. For this reason, there may be a case where no work is performed in the high-voltage device connected to the second port p.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a valve having a valve body having a spherical shape or a seating portion formed in a spherical shape, in which the liquid used has a high pressure ( The present invention provides a valve which does not cause the malfunction as described in the above-mentioned conventional example even when the pressure is about 500 kg / cm 2 or more), and the other purpose is to use the device as a high pressure device. It is to provide a valve that operates reliably even if the pump is a normal high-pressure, small-volume pump.

[0007]

This valve, which achieves the above-mentioned object, is described as follows: a sleeve 4 provided inside a main body 1 and having a valve chamber 2 and a valve seat 3; sliding on the valve chamber 2. A freely accommodated valve body 5 having a spherical surface in contact with the valve seat 3; a spring 6 provided in the sleeve 4 for urging the valve body 5 toward the valve seat 3; a side of the sleeve 4 Portion, a side port 7 formed on the valve seat 3 side; a shaft port 8 formed in the axial direction of the sleeve 4 and opened in the valve seat 3; between the valve body 5 and the valve seat 3. Primary chamber 9 formed; stopper 10 provided on the opposite side of the valve seat 3 in the sleeve 4; the valve element 5 of the stopper 10.
A tertiary chamber 14 formed on the opposite side; a drain passage 13 communicating with the tertiary chamber 14; a pilot valve 12 provided in the drain passage 13; a secondary chamber 11 provided between the stopper 10 and the valve body 5. A minute passage 15 formed between the secondary chamber 11 and the third chamber 14; a passage amount of the liquid per unit time of the minute passage 15 is B, and the sleeve 4 and the valve body 5
Letting A be the amount of liquid passing per unit time in the gap 16 between them, A> B is formed, and in the case of operation, the respective pressures of the primary chamber 9, the secondary chamber 11, and the tertiary chamber 14 are set to the primary chamber. The valve is characterized in that 9> second chamber 11> tertiary chamber 14 is used.

[0008]

When a pressurized liquid is communicated with the side port 7 of this valve and the pilot valve 12 is opened, the tertiary chamber 1
4. The pressure in the secondary chamber 11 drops. In that case, the liquid enters the secondary chamber 11 through the gap 16 between the valve body 5 and the sleeve 4. However, the secondary chamber 11 and the tertiary chamber 1
Since the minute passage 15 is formed between the four chambers, the pressures in the primary chamber 9, the secondary chamber 11, and the tertiary chamber 14 are equal to each other.
> Second chamber 11> Tertiary chamber 14, whereby the valve body 5 moves in the direction of arrow A5, and the side port 7 and the shaft port 8 are communicated. Further, since the liquid passage amount B of the minute passage 15 per unit time is smaller than the liquid passage amount A of the gap 16 per unit time, the drain amount is suppressed to be small, The discharge amount flowing out to the shaft port 8 is secured. Therefore, it is possible to reliably operate the high pressure device by using a normal high pressure, small capacity pump.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a main body, inside of which a sleeve 4 having a valve chamber 2 and a valve seat 3 is provided.
A spherical valve element 5 is slidably provided in the sleeve 4 and is urged by a spring 6 toward the valve seat 3. A side port 7 is formed on the side of the sleeve 4 on the valve seat 3 side. Reference numeral 8 is a shaft opening, 9 is a primary chamber formed between the valve body 5 and the valve seat 3, and 10 is a stopper of the valve body 5, and the stopper 1
The third chamber 14 is formed on the side of the valve body 5 opposite to the valve body 5, and the third chamber 14 is communicated with the drain passage 13. 12
Indicates a pilot valve provided in the drain passage 13. The drain passage 13 communicates with an external tank (not shown).

Next, 11 is a secondary chamber formed between the valve body 5 and the stopper 10, and a minute passage 15 is formed between the secondary chamber 11 and the tertiary chamber 14. And this micro passage 1
The liquid flow amount B per unit time of 5 is A> B, where A is the liquid flow amount per unit time of the gap 16 between the sleeve 4 and the valve body 5. Further, since the minute passages 15 are formed between the secondary chamber 11 and the tertiary chamber 14, the pressures of the primary chamber 9, the secondary chamber 11, and the tertiary chamber 14 are equal to those of the primary chamber 9 when the valve is operated. Room 9
> Second chamber 11> Third chamber 14, and as a result, the valve body 5 moves in the direction of arrow A5. Reference numeral 22 is a pilot valve seat, 23 is a pilot valve retainer, 24 is a spring, 25 is an operating member of the pilot valve 12, 26 is an armature member, 27 is a shaft support, and 28 is a solenoid. Also, 29 indicates an O-ring.

The minute passage 15 shown in FIG. 1 is a groove formed on the back side of the collar portion 30 of the stopper 10 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as an example. As shown in FIG. 1, a minute passage 15 is formed between the support member 31 provided on the main body 1 and the tip 32 of the support member 31. This minute passage 15 has the above-mentioned gap 16 especially in the length.
It is formed longer. Therefore, for example, even if the gaps are formed to have substantially the same size, the liquid passage amount per unit time is smaller than that of the gap 16. The minute passages 15 are shown in an exaggerated size for easy understanding. This also applies to other figures. Further, the position of the minute passage 15 and the forming method thereof are various as shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 4, the cylindrical stopper 10 has a cylindrical wall 33 having pores formed therein. Next, what is shown in FIG. 5 is one in which a hole 34 is formed in the cylindrical wall 33 of the stopper 10, and a so-called grooved fastener 37 in which a groove 36 is formed in the pin 35 shown in FIG. 6 is press-fitted into this hole 34. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a hole 39 communicating with the tertiary chamber 11 is formed in the side portion 38 of the stopper 10, and a steel ball 40 is accommodated in this hole 39, and the gap is used. In FIG. 8, a hole 39 communicating with the tertiary chamber 11 is formed in the side portion 38 of the stopper 10, and a column, a so-called parallel pin 41, is accommodated in this hole 39, and the gap is used.

Next, FIG. 9 shows a connecting valve in which two of the above-mentioned valves are integrally provided. One main body 17 is formed by two main bodies 1 and the side ports 7 are made to communicate with each other.
In addition, the drain passages 13 and 13 are communicated with each other, and one of the pilot valves 12 is omitted to be one. With such a structure, the two shaft openings 8 and 8 can be made to pass in both directions instead of one in addition to the above-mentioned action. Next, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 10, similarly, two valve bodies 1 are integrally formed to form a base 17
And the shaft ports 8 and 8 are communicated with each other, and the drain passages 13 and 13 are communicated with each other.
3 is provided with a check valve 18 and one of the pilot valves 12 is omitted to make one, and this device also has two outer ports 7 and 7 having the same function as described above, instead of one-way passage and bidirectional passage. can do.

Next, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 11, in the valve shown in FIG. 1, two main bodies 1 are integrally formed, and one side port 7 of both valves and a shaft port 8 of the other valve are This is a multi-connection valve in which two of these connection valves are integrally provided by forming a connection valve by communicating them via the check valve 18. In the figure, 42 is a pump, and 43 is a cylinder as an example of a load. Reference numeral 44 indicates a tank. The multi-connection valve thus formed can reciprocate the piston of the cylinder 43, for example, in addition to the above-described operation of the present invention. This action first activates the pump 42 and then activates the valves V2 and V3 in FIG. Then, the oil from the pump 42 advances as shown by the arrow shown by the solid line, and pushes up the piston of the cylinder 43. When lowering this piston, valve V2
And V3 are stopped, and valves V1 and V4 are operated. Then, the oil of the pump 42 advances as shown by the arrow indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, and the piston is lowered.

Next, FIG. 12 shows a side opening 7 of the valve shown in FIG. 1 and one shaft opening 8 of the connecting valve shown in FIG.
Is a multi-connection valve in which two of the connection valves thus formed are integrally formed, and 42 is a pump, and 44 is a tank. Reference numeral 43 indicates a cylinder as an example of a load. The connecting valve configured as described above achieves the above-described operation of the present invention as well as FIG.
The check valve 18 can be omitted in the device shown in FIG.
For example, the piston of the cylinder 43 can be reciprocated. When raising the piston of the cylinder 43, the pump 42 is operated and the valves V5 and V8 are operated.

Then, the oil of the pump 42 advances in the direction of the arrow indicated by the solid line to raise the piston of the cylinder 43.
To lower this, the valves V5 and V8 are stopped, and the valves V6 and V7 are operated. Then, the oil from the pump 42 advances as shown by the alternate long and short dash line,
The piston of the cylinder 43 is lowered. next,
The apparatus shown in FIG. 13 is mostly the same as the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, or the valve body 5 is formed with a substantially hemispherical portion, and the valve body 5 slides on the shaft opening 8. The guide 19 is provided, and the guide 19 is provided with the notch 20 having a taper whose cross section becomes smaller toward the valve body 5. As a result, when the valve body 5 opens and closes the valve seat 3, the liquid passing from the side port 7 to the shaft port 8 is gradually increased and decreased so as not to give a shock to the device connected to this valve. It has become.

Such a valve has been applied to and implemented in the connection valves shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and the multi-connection valve shown in FIGS. Next, the apparatus shown in FIG. 14 is the valve shown in FIG. 1 provided with a control valve 21 for controlling the opening amount of the shaft opening 8. In the figure, reference numeral 45 indicates a valve seat of the valve. Then, by moving the valve 21 in the direction of arrow A21 in the figure or in the opposite direction, the opening amount of the shaft opening 8 can be changed, whereby the operation of the valve provided with the valve 21 can be changed. It is possible to prevent a shock at the time.
Such a control valve 21 is shown in FIGS. 9 and 1 as an example.
It was also used for each of the connecting valves shown in FIG. (Not shown). In this case, the control valve 21 was provided at right angles to the passage communicating with each shaft opening 8 in the device shown in FIG. 9 as an example.
(Not shown). It was also used in each multi-connection valve shown in FIGS. (Not shown)

[0018]

The valve, the connecting valve and the multi-connecting valve of the present invention are configured as described above, so that malfunctions that occur when controlling a high pressure liquid can be prevented. Moreover, since the drain amount can be reduced when controlling a high-pressure liquid, a normal high-pressure, small-volume pump can be used as it is. Further, the valve, the connecting valve, and the multi-connecting valve of the present invention provided with the shock prevention mechanism have the above-mentioned effects and can prevent the shock accompanying the valve operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a valve showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the portion shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a valve according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a valve according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the valve shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a valve, showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the valve, similarly showing the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a connecting valve of the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a connecting valve of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a view showing an outline of a multi-connection valve, similarly showing the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a view schematically showing a multi-connection valve of the ninth embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the valve, similarly showing the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of the valve, similarly showing the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional homogenous valve.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Main Body 2 Valve Chamber 3 Valve Seat 4 Sleeve 5 Valve Body 6 Spring 7 Side Port 8 Shaft Port 9 Primary Chamber 10 Stopper 11 Secondary Chamber 12 Drain Passage 14 Tertiary Chamber 15 Micro Passage 16 Gap 17 Base Body 18 Check Valve 19 Guide 20 Missing Part 21 Control valve A Liquid flow rate per unit time B Same as above

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A sleeve 4 provided inside a main body 1 having a valve chamber 2 and a valve seat 3; a valve body slidably accommodated in the valve chamber 2 and having a spherical surface in contact with the valve seat 3. 5; the valve element 5 provided in the sleeve 4 is attached to the valve seat 3
Spring 6 urging in the direction; side port 7 formed on the side of the sleeve 4 on the side of the valve seat 3; shaft formed in the axial direction of the sleeve 4 and open to the valve seat 3 Mouth 8; Primary chamber 9 formed between the valve body 5 and the valve seat 3; Stopper 1 provided in the sleeve 4 on the opposite side of the valve seat 3
0; a tertiary chamber 14 formed on the opposite side of the valve body 5 of the stopper 10; a drain passage 13 communicating with the tertiary chamber 14;
A pilot valve 12 provided in the drain passage 13; a secondary chamber 11 provided between the stopper 10 and the valve body 5;
A minute passage 15 formed between the secondary chamber 11 and the tertiary chamber 14; a passage amount of the liquid per unit time of the minute passage 15 is B, and a unit of a gap 16 between the sleeve 4 and the valve body 5 A is defined as A> B, and the primary chamber 9 and the secondary chamber 1 are formed in the case of operation, where A is the amount of liquid passing per hour.
1 and the respective pressures of the tertiary chamber 14 are set to the primary chamber 9> the secondary chamber 11>
A valve characterized in that it is used as a tertiary chamber 14. 2. A valve according to claim 1, wherein a base body (17) integrally formed with two main bodies (1) of the valve is formed, and the respective side openings (7, 7) are communicated with each other, and The drain passages 13, 13 communicate with each other,
Further, the connecting valve is characterized in that one of the pilot valves 12 is omitted and only one is provided. 3. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the two main bodies 1 of the valve are integrally formed to form a base body 17, and the respective shaft openings 8 are communicated with each other, and The drain passages 13, 13 communicate with each other,
Check valves 18 are provided in the drain passages 13 and 13, respectively.
Is provided, and one of the pilot valves 12 is omitted, and the pilot valve 12 is provided as one. 4. The valve according to claim 1, wherein
The two main bodies of the valve are integrally formed, and one side port 7 and the other shaft port 8 of both valves are brought into communication with a check valve 18 to form a connecting valve. A multi-connection valve characterized in that the two are integrated. 5. The valve according to claim 1 and the valve according to claim 2 are integrally provided, and a shaft opening 8 of the valve according to claim 2.
2. A multi-connection valve, characterized in that the connection valve is formed by communicating with the side opening 7 of the valve according to claim 1, and two of the connection valves are integrally provided. 6. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the valve body 5 is provided with a guide 19 which is filled in the shaft opening 8, and the guide 19 has an inclination whose cross-sectional area becomes smaller toward the valve body 5. A valve having a cutout portion 20 having a groove. 7. The valve body 5 of each valve is provided with a guide 19 that slides on the shaft opening 8, and the guide 19 has an inclined portion whose cross-sectional area decreases toward the valve body 5. The connection valve according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that 20 is formed. 8. A valve body (5) of each valve (5) is provided with a guide (19) that slides on the shaft opening (8), and the guide body (19) has an inclined portion (20) having an inclination whose cross-sectional area decreases toward the valve body (5). The multi-connection valve according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the multi-connection valve is formed. 9. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the main body 1 has a control valve 21 for controlling the opening amount of the shaft opening 8. 10. The connection valve according to claim 2, wherein the base body 17 has a control valve 21 for controlling the opening amount of the shaft opening 8 of each valve. 11. The multi-connection valve according to claim 4, wherein the base 17 has a control valve 21 for controlling the opening amount of the shaft opening 8 of each valve.