JPH05172121A - Cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To miniaturize a rotary chucking cylinder or the like, by incorporating a stopper for limiting the stroke of a piston in a pressure chamber. CONSTITUTION:A piston is slidably fitted in a pressure chamber 4 in a housing 1 in such a condition that the turning of the piston 5 is restrained by a guide bar 9. A stopper 28 facing an end face of the piston 5 is incorporated to a cover 3 in such a condition that the stopper 28 is projected into the pressure chamber 4, and is coupled, for driving, to an actuating rod 22 which is slidably and rotatably fitted in the cover 3. The stopper 28 and the piston 5 are formed, in their face-to-face parts, with a protrusion 30 and a recess 33. During the rotation of the stopper 28, if the protrusion 30 is aligned with the recess 33, the piston 5 is moved over its entire stroke 5, but if they are not aligned with each other, the piston 5 abuts against the piston 5 so that the stroke of the piston 5 is limited.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cylinder provided with a stopper for restricting a stroke of a piston, and more particularly to a cylinder suitable for opening and closing a clamping claw of a chuck.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a cylinder used in a claw exchange type chuck, the stroke is restricted when the tightening claw is opened and closed to stop the piston at an intermediate position, and the piston is moved in the full stroke when the claw is replaced. Is becoming A stopper for mechanically stopping the piston is required to regulate the stroke, and a cylinder provided with this kind of stopper is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-749.
The technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06 is known.

Here, as shown in FIG. 12, there is disclosed a rotary cylinder of a type in which a housing 71 rotates integrally with a chuck (not shown), and a stopper 72 is movable in a radial direction inside a side wall of the housing 71. Built into
The piston 73 is provided with a guide rod 74.
When the stroke is regulated, the stopper 72 is arranged outside by the spring 75, and the guide rod 74 abuts on the stopper 72,
The piston 73 is stopped at the intermediate position. When the pressure medium is supplied from the passage 76, the stopper 72 moves inward,
The guide rod 74 is fitted in the notch 77 of the stopper 72, and the piston 73 is moved in the entire stroke.

Although not shown in the drawings, there are conventionally known techniques for changing the stop position of the piston by an adjusting screw provided outside the housing and stopping the piston at an intermediate position by the thrust difference of the multiple piston type cylinder. Is.

[0005]

However, according to the cylinder described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-74906, since the stopper 72 is incorporated in the side wall of the housing 71, when the stroke regulation amount is increased. However, there is a problem that the thickness of the housing 71 is increased and the total length of the cylinder is increased to increase the size. Moreover, the stopper 7
Since 2 is provided at a position deviated to one side with respect to the sliding axis of the piston 73, there is also a problem that vibration occurs when the housing 71 rotates due to weight imbalance. Further, in the case of using the adjusting screw, the adjusting screw is provided outside the housing, so there is a risk of pinching a finger during the adjusting operation. Furthermore, in the case of thrust difference,
Since a plurality of pistons are connected in series, there is a disadvantage that the cylinder becomes large.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder which can reliably regulate the stroke of a piston with a small structure.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, in the cylinder of the present invention, a rotation-regulated piston is slidably fitted in a pressure chamber of a housing, and an end face of the piston is attached. Opposing stoppers are rotatably arranged around the sliding axis of the piston, and driving means for rotating the stoppers are provided. The piston and the stopper opposing portions regulate the stroke of the piston as the stopper rotates. And an engaging portion for releasing it.

[0008]

According to the cylinder of the present invention, the piston is reliably stopped at the intermediate position of the entire stroke by the action of the engaging portion provided on the piston and the stopper. Since the stopper is installed inside the pressure chamber, it is not necessary to upsize the housing to equip it with a stopper, and even if the stroke regulation amount is increased, the stopper shape can be changed. The entire cylinder is short and compact, and there is no danger of pinching a finger. Further, since the stopper is provided so as to be rotatable around the sliding axis of the piston, the outer diameter of the housing is reduced, the weight balance is maintained, and vibration when applied to the rotary cylinder is prevented. It

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 show an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied as a chuck rotary cylinder. A rotary cylinder housing 1 is composed of a body 2 and a cover 3, and a pressure chamber 4 is formed therein. Has been done. A piston 5 is slidably fitted in the pressure chamber 4, and a screw hole 7 connected to a chuck (not shown) operating rod is bored at the tip of a rod portion 6 of the piston 5. A plurality of guide bars 9 are slidably inserted into the cover 3, one ends of which are coupled to the pistons 5, and the guide bars 9 regulate the rotation of the pistons 5 with respect to the housing 1. The housing 1 is attached to the rear end of a spindle (not shown) and is rotated together with a chuck attached to the front end of the spindle.

A pressure medium supply cylinder 12 is rotatably attached to the outer periphery of the protruding portion of the cover 3 via a bearing 13, an oil seal 14 and a retaining ring 15, and an end plate 16 is attached to the open end thereof. ing. The pressure medium supply cylinder 12 has four medium supply / discharge ports 17a, 17b, 17c,
17d and one drain recovery port 17e, and inner circumferential grooves 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d communicating with these, respectively, are provided, and the inner circumferential grooves 18a, 18b are provided in the piston 5 via a medium passage 19 penetrating the housing 1. It is connected to the pressure chambers 4 on both sides (see FIG. 5). A center hole 20 is formed in the cover 3 on the pressure chamber 4 side, and an inner cylinder 21 is inserted therein and fixed to the cover 3. An operating rod 22 as a driving means is slidably inserted into the inner cylinder 21 on the same axis as the piston 5, and a piston portion 23 is provided at the base end thereof, and the center holes 20 on both sides of the piston portion 23 are Medium passage 24
Is connected to the inner circumferential grooves 18c and 18d via. A lead groove 25 is formed in the operating rod 22, and a lead pin 26 is implanted in the inner cylinder 21. The engagement of these leads causes the operating rod 22 to rotate at an angle of 90 ° with sliding. It has become so.

A stopper 28 facing the end surface of the piston 5 is joined to the inner cylinder 21, and is attached to the cover 3 via a holding plate 29 so as to be rotatable about the sliding axis of the piston 5. The stopper 28 is provided with a convex portion 30 having a rectangular end surface projecting toward the piston 5, and an insertion hole 31 is formed so as to penetrate the center of the convex portion 30 (see FIG. 2). The tip of the operating rod 22 is inserted into the insertion hole 31 and is prevented from rotating by the pin 32.
A stopper 28 is integrally rotatably connected to the operating rod 22. On the end surface of the piston 5 at a portion facing the stopper 28, a substantially rectangular recess 33 having a size into which the projection 30 can be fitted is formed (see FIG. 3), and the recess 33 and the projection 30 form the present embodiment. An example of the engaging portion is configured so that the stroke of the piston 5 is restricted and released as the stopper 28 rotates. A ring-shaped dock 34 is connected to the piston 5 via the guide bar 9, and the piston 5 is connected to the pressure medium supply cylinder 12 via a bracket 35.
A number of proximity switches 36 are provided, and the stroke end and the intermediate stop position of the piston 5 are detected by each proximity switch 36.

Next, the operation of the chuck rotating cylinder constructed as described above will be described. When exchanging the tightening claws of a certain kind of claw exchanging chuck, the operating rod 22 is slid toward the piston 5 side with the piston 5 protruding to one stroke end, and the engagement between the lead groove 25 and the lead pin 26 is made. As a result, the operating rod 22 and the stopper 28 are integrally rotated by 90 °, and the convex portion 30 of the stopper 28 is arranged at a position aligned with the concave portion 33 of the piston 5. When the piston 5 is retracted in this state, the concave portion 33 is fitted into the convex portion 30 as shown in FIG.
Is arranged at the other stroke end that moves in the entire stroke and comes into contact with the end surface of the cover 3.

When opening and closing the clamping claw of the chuck, the operating rod 22 is slid in the direction away from the piston 5 with the piston 5 protruding to one stroke end, and the operating rod 22 is slid along with the sliding movement. 22 and the stopper 28 are reversely rotated by 90 °, and as shown in FIG.
The convex portion 30 is arranged at a position orthogonal to the concave portion 33.
When the piston 5 is retracted in this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the end face of the piston 5 is brought into contact with the convex portion 30 of the stopper 28, and the piston 5 is reliably and accurately stopped at the intermediate position. As a result, the stroke of the piston 5 is restricted, and the piston 5 is driven between the intermediate position and one stroke end.

As described above, according to the chuck rotating cylinder of this embodiment, since the stopper 28 is disposed inside the pressure chamber 4, it is necessary to upsize the housing 1 in order to equip the stopper 28. Even if the stroke control amount is increased, the shape of the stopper 28, that is, the convex portion 3
It is only necessary to change the protrusion length of 0, and as a result, the entire cylinder can be made short and small, and there is no danger of pinching a finger. Further, since the stopper 28 is rotatably provided around the sliding axis of the piston 5, the outer diameter of the housing 1 can be reduced, and the weight balance of the housing 1 can be maintained to prevent vibration. The effect peculiar to the rotating cylinder can also be expected.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show another embodiment of the chuck rotation cylinder. Here, the stopper 28 is rotated by a hand tool and the stroke of the piston 5 is regulated in two stages. It has become. That is, the operation shaft 38 is rotatably inserted into the central hole 20 penetrating the cover 3 of the housing 1, and the stopper 28 similar to that in the above-described embodiment is integrally rotated at one end thereof and the dial 39 is integrally rotated at the other end thereof. Are combined as possible. A positioning pin 41 is internally mounted on the other end of the operation shaft 38 via a spring 40, and the positioning pin 41 is provided with six small holes 4 formed in a dial 39.
Fitted in one of the two. The hand tool 43 has a pin 44 inserted into each small hole 42, whereby the positioning pin 41 can be pushed down to index and rotate the operating shaft 38 at an angle of 60 °. Therefore, a drive means for rotating the stopper 28 is constituted by the operation shaft 38, the manual tool 43 and the like. A bearing 45 is interposed between one end of the operation shaft 38 and the cover 3 so that the operation shaft 38 can be lightly rotated.

On the other hand, a deep portion 46 is formed in the concave portion 33 of the piston 5 which constitutes an engaging portion together with the convex portion 30 of the stopper 28.
And the shallow portion 47 are provided at an angle of 60 °. Then, with the rotation of the stopper 28 by the manual tool 43, the piston 5 is moved in the entire stroke with the convex portion 30 aligned with the deep portion 46 of the concave portion 33, and the convex portion 3 is moved.
The piston 5 is stopped at the first intermediate position with 0 aligned with the shallow portion 47 of the concave portion 33, and the convex portion 30 has a deep portion 4
In the middle between 6 and the shallow portion 47, that is, in the state of facing the end surface of the piston 5, the piston 5 is stopped at the second intermediate position. Therefore, according to the cylinder of this embodiment, the stroke of the piston 5 can be restricted to two stages, long and short, by manual operation. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the drawings, and the description thereof will be omitted.

9 to 11 show still another embodiment of the chuck rotation cylinder. Here, the driving means,
The configurations of the stopper, the engaging portion, and the piston position detecting mechanism are different from those of the above-described embodiments. That is, the piston 5 has a rod portion 6 and a shaft portion 49 extending coaxially with the rod portion 6 to the opposite side.
Is formed, the shaft portion 49 penetrates the cover 3 and is projected to the outside of the housing 1, and a conical dock 50 is provided at the protruding end thereof. A displacement meter 52 is installed on the end plate 16 via a bracket 51, and a position signal of the piston 5 can be detected by outputting a signal having a level corresponding to the distance from the dock 50.

A guide bush 53 is screwed onto the body 2 of the housing 1, and a worm wheel 54 is provided on the outer circumference thereof.
Is rotatably inserted and is attached to the body 2 by a holding plate 55. A worm 56 that meshes with a worm wheel 54 is supported on the body 2 via bushes 57 and 58, and a manual tool 59 or an electric tool 60 rotated by a pulse motor or the like is attached to and detached from the tip end of the shaft portion. A coupling portion 64 is formed, and the worm wheel 54, the worm 56, the tools 59 and 60, and the like constitute a driving means. When using the power tool 60, drive it back and forth by a cylinder (not shown),
The worm 56 can be automatically attached and detached.

A stopper 61 is integrally rotatably connected to the worm wheel 54 in the pressure chamber 4 so as to face the projecting end surface of the piston 5, and the stopper 61 has a convex portion 62 having a continuous inclined surface. Are formed. On the end face of the piston 5 facing the stopper 61, a convex portion 63 having a continuous inclined surface at the same angle as the convex portion 62 is projected, and the convex portion 62, 63 forms an engaging portion. It is configured. Therefore, according to the cylinder of this embodiment, the stroke of the piston 5 can be regulated steplessly with the rotation of the stopper 61. In addition, it is not necessary to provide a continuous inclined surface on both the convex portions 62 and 63, and one may be formed in a rod shape.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned respective embodiments, and, for example, the shapes of the stopper and the engaging portion are appropriately changed, a gear is used as a driving means of the stopper, and the housing is fixed so as not to rotate. It is applied to a cylinder, or applied to a cylinder that requires stroke regulation for purposes other than chucks, and is embodied by arbitrarily changing the shape and configuration of each part without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is also possible. The pressure medium may be either hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure.

[0021]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the stopper is rotatably arranged in the pressure chamber, and the stroke of the piston is regulated and released at the position where the stopper and the piston face each other. Since the joint part is provided, it is not necessary to enlarge the housing to equip the stopper, the entire cylinder can be configured to be short and small, and there is no risk of pinching a finger.
The effect is that the stroke of the piston can be regulated safely and reliably.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a rotary cylinder for a chuck showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the stopper as seen from the line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the cylinder of FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing the cylinder of FIG. 1 with another fracture surface.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the cylinder of FIG. 1 in another operating state.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a chuck rotation cylinder according to another embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a chuck rotating cylinder according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a partial left side view of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional cylinder.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Housing, 2 ... Body, 3 ... Cover, 4 ...
・ Pressure chambers, 5 ・ ・ Pistons, 9 ・ ・ Guide bars, 12 ・
・ Pressure medium supply cylinders, 19, 24 ・ ・ Medium passages, 22 ・ ・
Actuating rod, 28, 61 ... Stopper, 30 ...
33 .. Recesses, 34, 50 .. Dock, 36 .. Proximity switch, 38 .. Operating shaft, 43, 59 .. Manual tool, 5
2 ... Displacement gauge, 54 ... Worm wheel, 56 ... Worm, 60 ... Electric tool, 62, 63 ...

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A piston whose rotation is regulated is slidably fitted in a pressure chamber of a housing, and a stopper facing the end face of the piston is arranged rotatably around a sliding axis of the piston. A cylinder is characterized in that drive means for rotating the stopper is provided, and an engaging portion that restricts and releases the stroke of the piston in accordance with the rotation of the stopper is provided at a portion where the piston and the stopper face each other.