JPH05164974A - Stereoscopic microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make an observation with the same height, the same visual field, and the same magnifications without increasing the size, weight, and price of the microscope, to select mutual observation angles of plural observers, and to obtain a bright observation image. CONSTITUTION:A 1st or 2nd detachable intermediate lens barrel 14 or 27 is mounted between a power varying lens system 12 and a 1st stereoscopic observation part 20, and partial luminous flux is guided to the 2nd stereoscopic observation part 25 mounted on the lens barrel and observed by plural observers at the same time. When the 1st or 2nd intermediate lens barrel 14 or 27 is replaced, the angle of the 1st stereoscopic observation part 20 is changed by 90 deg. to enable the observers to make observations at 180 deg. and 90 deg. observation angles.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereomicroscope in which a plurality of observers can observe an object at the same time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When the work performed using a stereoscopic microscope is complicated and requires precision, it is often desirable for a plurality of workers to work together. In particular, when the stereoscopic microscope is a surgical microscope, and under the observation of the surgical microscope, when the main surgeon who mainly performs the surgery and the sub-surgeon who assists the surgeon jointly perform surgery, both observe the surgical site in the same state as much as possible. There is a desire to be able to. That is, it is desired that the main operator and the sub-operator obtain the same observation visual field from the same observation point height and have the same observation magnification. Also, in surgery, if the surgical site is deep, it is necessary to set a long distance from the deep surgical site entrance to the objective lens when inserting a long surgical tool to reach the surgical site. If so, the distance from the surgical site to the observation point cannot be changed. Therefore, it is desirable to set the length from the objective lens to the observation point to be short. Further, depending on the surgical technique, it is necessary to change the observation directions of the main operator and the sub-operator, so that a stereomicroscope capable of changing the observation directions of both is required.

Conventionally, as a stereoscopic microscope which realizes such a demand, there is a stereoscopic microscope disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 47-41473, which will be described with reference to FIG. Incidentally, FIG.
3A is a front sectional view, and FIG. 3B is a side view. In this stereoscopic microscope, a pair of variable power optical systems 2 is arranged behind a single objective lens 1 located above the surgical site O, and a light beam passing through the variable power optical system 2 is split by an optical path splitting member 3. Then, the light is guided to the pair of observation optical systems 4 arranged so as to face each other. Therefore, two observers can face each other and stereoscopically observe the surgical site in the same state.

As another means, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (B) and (C), Jpn.
There is one described in Japanese Patent No. 4 publication. This stereomicroscope
Three or more variable power optical systems 5 located behind the objective lens 1 are arranged so that a pair of variable power optical systems 5 are crossed at 90 ° different angles in the figure so that they are guided to the two observation optical systems 4, respectively. It has become. Therefore, even if the main surgeon and the sub-operator observe from a direction forming a right angle, the surgical site can be stereoscopically observed in the same state.

Further, as another means, there is one described in JP-A-2-143215, as shown in FIG. This stereoscopic microscope is provided with an optical path splitting means 8 in the optical path between a single objective lens 6 and a pair of variable power optical systems 7, and a part of the light flux reflected by the optical path splitting means 8 and split. Another pair of variable power optical systems 9 is provided on the road so that two observers can stereoscopically observe the surgical site through the respective observation optical systems 4. Moreover, by rotating the optical system having the variable power optical system 9, the observation angle between the two observers can be arbitrarily set.

[0006]

However, as shown in FIG.
In the configuration of the stereoscopic microscope shown in (1), the observation angle between the two observers is limited to 180 °, and there is a drawback that the observation cannot be performed at other angle positions. Further, since the light flux of the pair of variable power optical systems 2 is divided into two, there is a drawback that the light quantity of the light flux guided to each observation optical system 4 is halved and the observed image becomes dark. Next, in the configuration of the stereoscopic microscope shown in FIG. 14, each observation image is bright because there is no optical path splitting means, but since there are many variable-magnification optical systems 5, a large number of lenses must be moved during variable-magnification. Therefore, there is a problem in that the zooming mechanism becomes complicated and adjustment becomes difficult, leading to an increase in size, weight, and cost of the microscope. Moreover, there is a problem that the observation positions of the two observers are limited to the angle of 90 °.

In the configuration of the stereoscopic microscope shown in FIG. 15,
The observation positions of the two observers can be changed freely, but the variable-magnification optical system must also be provided on the branch side separately from the main body side.
Therefore, there are drawbacks that the size of the microscope is increased, the weight is increased, and the price is increased. Moreover, in order to make the two observation images have the same magnification, an interlocking mechanism for interlocking each variable-magnification optical system is required under the condition that the observation angle of the sub-operator changes with respect to the position of the main operator. However, there is a drawback in that the configuration is complicated and the price is increased. Further, since the optical path is divided behind the objective lens, there is a drawback that the light quantity of the light flux to each observation optical system 4 is reduced by half and the observation image becomes dark. Moreover, to make the position of each observation point of both observers with respect to the operative site at the same height,
A reflecting member is required to make the transmitted light of the optical path dividing member 8 parallel to the reflected light, but this causes a problem that the distance from the objective lens 6 to each observation point becomes long.

In view of the above problems, the present invention makes it possible for a plurality of observers to observe from the same height in the same field of view and the same magnification without inviting an increase in the size, weight and cost of the microscope. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a stereoscopic microscope in which the observation positions of the observers can be variously selected and a bright observation image can be obtained.

[0009]

A zoom lens system and a stereoscopic observation optical system in a common viewing type stereomicroscope, which includes an objective optical system, a variable magnification optical system, and a plurality of stereoscopic observation optical systems in order from the object side. A light beam distribution means having a plurality of light beam deflection members for distributing the light beam emitted from the variable power optical system to each stereoscopic observation optical system is provided between the system and the light beam distribution means or the light beam distribution means is replaceable. It is characterized in that an actuating means for changing the arrangement of the deflecting member is provided so that the observation angle between the plurality of stereoscopic observation optical systems can be changed.

[0010]

The light beam emitted from the observing object passes through the objective optical system and the variable power optical system, and is then divided by the plurality of light beam deflecting members into the directions of the three-dimensional observing optical system. When the image of the observation object can be stereoscopically observed through each stereoscopic observation optical system of the position, and when the observation angle is changed, the luminous flux distribution means is exchanged, or the arrangement of the luminous flux deflecting member is changed by the operating means, The light beams divided in the direction corresponding to the position-changed stereoscopic observation optical system are guided.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a block diagram of the optical system of the stereomicroscope, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the optical system of the stereomicroscope in which the intermediate lens barrel is replaced, and FIG. 4 is A of FIG. ′
It is a sectional view taken along the line A-A '. In FIG. 1, 11 is a single objective lens located under the stereomicroscope, 12 is a single variable-magnification lens system that is arranged behind the objective lens 11 and converts the light flux passing through the objective lens 11 into afocal light, Reference numeral 13 is a mirror body in which the objective lens 11 and the variable power lens system 12 are housed.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a first intermediate lens barrel which is detachably arranged on the mirror body 13. In the first intermediate lens barrel 14, 15 is behind the variable power lens system 12 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. A first reflecting mirror that is arranged in a pair and that bends the light flux that has passed through the variable power lens system 12 in the longitudinal direction inside the barrel 14.
Reference numeral 16 is a second reflecting mirror which is arranged in a pair in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and which bends the light beam bent by the first reflecting mirror 15 to the outside of the first intermediate lens barrel. Reference numeral 17 denotes a pair of first imaging lenses arranged in parallel to the plane of the drawing on the side opposite to the variable magnification lens system 12 with the first intermediate lens barrel 14 interposed therebetween, and 18 denotes a pair of rearwardly positioned first imaging lenses 17. The third reflecting mirror 19 is a pair of first eyepieces for observing the image formed by the image-forming light beam reflected by the third reflecting mirror 18, and these are housed in the first stereoscopic observation unit 20. The first stereoscopic observation unit 20 can be attached to and detached from the first intermediate lens barrel 14, and can be attached to the first intermediate lens barrel 14 at an arbitrary horizontal direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface). ..

Next, the second reflecting mirror 16 of the first intermediate lens barrel 14
In the optical path reflected by, the reference numeral 22 denotes a pair of second image forming lenses arranged in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface to form an image of the light reflected by the second reflecting mirror 16, and 23 is located behind the second image forming lens 22. A pair of fourth reflecting mirrors, 24 is a fourth reflecting mirror 2
A pair of second eyepieces for observing an image formed by the image-forming light flux reflected by 3 and housed in the second stereoscopic observation unit 25. The second stereoscopic observation unit 25 is the first intermediate lens barrel 1
4 is detachably connected.

The optical systems in the first and second stereoscopic observation units 20 and 25 each have an image erecting optical system (not shown) built therein, and the distance between a pair of observation optical paths in each optical system is the same. Is configured. Further, of the light flux emitted from the operation portion O and passing through the objective lens 11 and the variable power lens system 12, the light flux passes through the first intermediate lens barrel 14 and the first stereoscopic observation portion 2
The first optical axis of the pair of light fluxes reaching the optical system within 0 is represented by P,
Further, the second optical axis of the pair of light beams reflected by the first reflecting mirror 15 and reaching the optical system in the second stereoscopic observation unit 25 is represented by Q. The positional relationship between the light fluxes of the optical axes P and Q with respect to the variable power lens system 12 is shown in FIG.
The light flux of each pair of the first optical axis P and the second optical axis Q is positioned so as to intersect with each other in the directions orthogonal to each other.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a stereoscopic microscope in which a second intermediate lens barrel 27 is detachably mounted in place of the first intermediate lens barrel 14. In the figure, in the second intermediate lens barrel 27, 28 is a pair of first reflecting mirrors arranged in a direction eccentric to the right side of the drawing with respect to the central optical axis of the variable magnification lens system 12 in a direction orthogonal to the drawing.
Reference numeral 29 is a pair of second reflecting mirrors for reflecting the light flux reflected by the first reflecting mirror 28 toward the second stereoscopic observation unit 25. or,
When the second intermediate lens barrel 27 is attached, the first stereoscopic observation unit 20
Is held at a position rotated by 90 ° in the horizontal direction from the position shown in FIG. 1, and the optical system of the first stereoscopic observation unit 20 prevents the light flux having the optical axis P from passing through the first reflecting mirror 28. Further, they are arranged at positions decentered to the left side on the paper surface from the central optical axis of the variable power lens system 12. The positional relationship of the light fluxes of the first and second optical axes P and Q with respect to the variable power lens system 12 is shown in FIG.
4, which is a horizontal cross section taken along line A′-A ′ in FIG. 4, each pair of the first optical axis P and the second optical axis Q are arranged to be parallel to each other.

Since this embodiment is constructed as described above, when the stereoscopic microscope is equipped with the first intermediate lens barrel 14 as shown in FIG. 1, the first stereoscopic observation unit 20 has a pair of optical systems. Are arranged so as to be orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the first reflecting mirrors 15. In this state, the light beam emitted from the surgical site O becomes afocal light by passing from the objective lens 11 to the variable power lens system 12, and includes a pair of first optical axes P parallel to the paper surface of this light beam. The pair of parallel luminous fluxes is the first intermediate lens barrel 14
The first three-dimensional observation unit 20 passing through both sides of the first reflecting mirror 15 of
Enter inside. Then, the image of the surgical site O is stereoscopically observed by the pair of first eyepieces 19 after being imaged by the pair of first imaging lenses 17 and reflected by the third reflecting mirror 18.

Of the afocal light that has passed through the variable power lens system 12, a pair of light fluxes including a pair of second optical axes Q perpendicular to the plane of the paper are a pair of first reflections inside the first intermediate lens barrel 14. Mirror 1
It is bent by 5, is reflected again by the pair of second reflecting mirrors 16, and enters the second stereoscopic observation unit 25. And
An image is formed by the pair of second imaging lenses 22, and the fourth reflecting mirror 23
The image of the surgical site is stereoscopically observed by the second eyepiece lens 24 via the. As a result, the main operator and the sub-operator can stereoscopically observe the image of the operation site with the same field of view and the same magnification from different angular positions (see FIG. 2).

Next, in order to change the observation directions of the main operator and the sub-operator, the first intermediate lens barrel 14 is replaced with the second intermediate lens barrel 27 and mounted on the stereomicroscope, and the first stereoscopic observation unit 20 is attached. 90 °
It is rotated and held in the state of FIG. 3 which is decentered from the central optical axis of the variable power lens system 12 to the left side on the paper surface. In this state, the surgical site O
Of the light flux that has become afocal light in the variable power lens system 12 and includes a pair of first optical axes P that are perpendicular to the paper surface of the light flux. Observation section 20
Enter inside. Then, the image of the surgical site formed by the first imaging lens 17 can be stereoscopically observed by the first eyepiece lens 19 via the third reflecting mirror 18.

Of the afocal light, a pair of second optical axes Q reflected by the first reflecting mirror 28 in the second intermediate lens barrel 27.
The light flux including is reflected again by the second reflecting mirror 29, enters the second stereoscopic observation unit 25, and is imaged by the second imaging lens 22, and this pair of images is passed through the fourth reflecting mirror 23. Stereoscopic observation can be performed with the second eyepiece lens 24. In the case of this configuration, the main operator and the sub-operator can stereoscopically observe the image of the operation site from angular positions different from each other by 180 ° (see FIG. 4).

As described above, according to this embodiment, by selecting and mounting either of the first and second intermediate lens barrels 14 and 27, the viewing angle position between the plurality of viewers is 90 °.
Can be changed to 180 ° and the distance between the pair of optical axes P and Q of the two stereoscopic observation units 14 and 27 is the same, so that the same stereoscopic effect can be obtained. In addition, since the structure of this embodiment is relatively simple, small and lightweight, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, since the light flux behind the variable power lens system 12 is not divided by a half mirror or the like, each observed image does not become dark. Furthermore,
If the number of reflecting mirrors in the intermediate lens barrels 14 and 27 is appropriately increased,
Needless to say, simultaneous observation by three or more people is possible. Also, the mutual observation directions of multiple observers are 90 °.
It is needless to say that the observation is not limited to 180 ° or other suitable angles.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a stereoscopic microscope according to the second embodiment, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 5, and FIG.
8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a stereoscopic microscope when the first stereoscopic observation unit 20 is rotated by 90 °, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line B′-B ′ of FIG. 7. In FIG. 5, 31 is an intermediate lens barrel fixedly arranged in place of the first and second intermediate lens barrels 14 and 27 of the first embodiment. In this intermediate lens barrel 31, 32 is the first stereoscopic observation unit 20. The horizontal section having a pair of cylinders for passing a pair of light beams including the first optical axis P of the optical system of FIG.
(Refer to FIG. 6), which is a rotating cylinder of (see FIG. 6), which is eccentrically arranged on the left side of the drawing with respect to the central optical axis of the variable power lens system 12, and is centered on an axis V (see FIG. 6) which is an intermediate position between the pair of cylinders. Horizontal direction with the stereoscopic observation unit 20 (direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 5)
It can be rotated.

Further, in the intermediate lens barrel 31, reference numeral 33 is a slide barrel which holds the pair of first reflecting mirrors 15 and is arranged adjacent to the rotary barrel 32 and is slidable in the horizontal direction. An arc-shaped groove 33a into which the semicircular portion of the oval-shaped cross section of the rotary cylinder 32 can be fitted is formed in the central portion of the adjacent wall surface (between the pair of first reflecting mirrors 15). 34 is the intermediate lens barrel 31
A wall surface having a light flux passage hole fixed between the slide cylinder 33 and the second reflecting mirror 16 therein, 35 is interposed between the slide cylinder 33 and the wall surface 34, and the slide cylinder 33 is rotated by the rotary cylinder 32. A pair of springs for elastically pressing in the direction, 36 is the slide cylinder 3
3 is an inner peripheral wall of the intermediate lens barrel 31 (see FIG. 6) that guides the sliding of the slide barrel 33 in the region 3. In addition, the second stereoscopic observation unit 2
5 is fixedly arranged with respect to the intermediate lens barrel 31.

Since the present embodiment is constructed as described above, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the rotary cylinder 32 and the first stereoscopic observation section 20 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface. In this case, the slide cylinder 33 is pressed against the slide cylinder 33 by the spring 35.
Reference numeral 5 is eccentrically held on the right side of the drawing with respect to the central optical axis of the variable power lens system 12. Therefore, the afocal light emitted from the operation site O and passing through the variable power lens system 12 is partially converted into a pair of light fluxes including the pair of first optical axes P, and the intermediate lens barrel 31.
The image of the surgical site is stereoscopically observed by the pair of first eyepieces 19 through the pair of first imaging lenses 17 after passing through the pair of cylindrical portions of the rotating barrel 32 inside. To be done.

Of the afocal light, a pair of light fluxes including the second optical axis Q reflected by the first reflecting mirror 15 in the intermediate lens barrel 31 are reflected by the second reflecting mirror 16 and then a pair of light beams. An image of the surgical site is stereoscopically observed by the second eyepiece lens 24 through the fourth reflecting mirror 22 after being imaged by the dual imaging lens 22. Therefore, according to this configuration, the main operator and the sub-operator can stereoscopically observe the surgical site from the angle directions different from each other by 180 °.

Next, when the first stereoscopic observation section 20 is rotated by 90 ° in the horizontal direction in order to change the observation directions of both observers, the rotary cylinder 32 also integrally rotates by 90 ° about the axis V.
Then, the slide cylinder 33 is pushed in the direction of the second reflecting mirror 16 against the elastic force of the spring 35, and is pushed rightward along the outer shape of the oval semi-cylindrical portion of the rotating rotary cylinder 32, and then again. Move slightly to the left, and the groove 33a of the slide cylinder 33 will be
It fits into the oval semi-cylindrical part 2 and stops (see FIG. 8).
In this way, the rotary cylinder 32 and the slide cylinder 33 are positioned together with the first stereoscopic observation unit 20 and held at the positions shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

In such a state, the light beam emitted from the operating portion O becomes afocal light through the variable power lens system 12, and passes through the rotary barrel 32 of the intermediate lens barrel 31 and has a pair of first optical axes P. The first imaging lens 1 with the light flux parallel to the paper surface
The image is formed at 7, and is stereoscopically observed by the first eyepiece lens 19.
Further, the pair of light fluxes of the second optical axis Q reflected by the first reflecting mirror 15 in the intermediate lens barrel 31 are reflected by the second reflecting mirror 16 in a state orthogonal to the paper surface, and are combined by the second imaging lens 22. The image is stereoscopically observed by the second eyepiece lens 24. In this way, the main operator and the sub-operator can stereoscopically observe the same operation site O at different angular positions by 90 ° at the same magnification.

As described above, in the present embodiment, when the observation angle position between the observers is changed to 90 ° or 180 °, the position can be adjusted simply by rotating the first stereoscopic observation unit 20, and Since it is not necessary to provide a plurality of intermediate lens barrels as in the example, it is possible to change the angular position even during surgery, which is convenient, and the configuration is simpler to reduce the manufacturing cost. It can be cheap. Further, it is needless to say that the same stereoscopic vision can be achieved by making the optical axis intervals of the two stereoscopic observation units the same as in the first embodiment.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of the stereomicroscope, FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of the stereomicroscope in a state in which the first arm portion is rotated by 90 ° from the state of FIG. FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line C′-C ′ of FIG. 11. In FIG. 9, reference numeral 37 denotes a first arm portion horizontally rotatably arranged with respect to the central optical axis of the variable power lens system 12, for example, 90 ° from the illustrated position, and 38 denotes a first arm portion 37.
It is a pair of fifth reflecting mirrors that bend the light flux traveling inside in the direction of the first stereoscopic observation unit 20 fixed to the first arm unit 37.
Reference numeral 39 denotes a second arm portion fixedly arranged to the mirror body 13 and connected to the first arm portion 37, and 40 denotes the second arm portion 3.
9 is a pair of sixth reflecting mirrors that bend the light flux traveling in 9 toward the second stereoscopic observation unit 25 fixed to the second arm unit 39, and the first and second arm units 37 and 39 are arranged at the positions shown in the drawing. It is disposed at an angle of 180 °.

Reference numeral 41 is an interlocking member in which the first and second arm portions 37 and 39 are connected and held between the mirror body 13 and
The afocal light that has passed through the variable power lens system 12 is split into a pair of light fluxes each including a pair of a first optical axis P and a second optical axis Q. To bend in the directions of the fifth reflecting mirror 38 and the sixth reflecting mirror 40,
Four rotatable mirrors as shown in FIG. 10 are provided. Further, the interlocking member 41 is 90 ° of the first arm portion 37.
Is rotated by 45 ° in the same direction and in the same plane in conjunction with the rotation of No. 7, and the seventh reflecting mirror 42, the eighth reflecting mirror 43, and the ninth reflecting mirror 44 which compose four reflecting mirrors. The tenth reflecting mirror 45 is set to rotate in a predetermined direction about the axes K, L, M, and N in a predetermined direction in association with the 45 ° rotation of the interlocking member 41.

That is, as shown in FIG. 9, when the first and second arm portions 37, 39 are arranged at angular positions 180 ° apart from each other, the seventh reflecting mirror 42 and the ninth reflecting mirror 44 are scaled. A part of the light flux that has passed through the lens system 12 is tilted at the same angle so as to be directed to the fifth reflecting mirror 38 in the first arm portion 37, and the eighth reflecting mirror 43 and the tenth reflecting mirror 45 vary the magnification. A part of the light flux that has passed through the lens system 12 is transferred to the second arm unit 3
It is inclined at the same angle so as to face the sixth reflecting mirror 40 in 9. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, when the first and second arm portions 37, 39 are arranged at angular positions separated from each other by 90 °, the seventh reflecting mirror 42 and the tenth reflecting mirror 45 are arranged in the variable magnification lens system 12. Part of the light flux that has passed through the first arm part 3
7 is inclined at the same angle so as to be directed to the fifth reflecting mirror 38, and the eighth reflecting mirror 43 and the ninth reflecting mirror 44 partly part of the light flux passing through the variable power lens system 12 into the second arm portion. It is inclined at the same angle so as to face the sixth reflecting mirror 40 in 39.

The interlocking member 41 and the reflecting mirrors 42, 43,
The mechanism for interlocking 44 and 45 with the rotation of the first arm portion 37 is configured by a known technique using a gear or the like having a specific ratio, but the description thereof will be omitted.

Since this embodiment is constructed as described above, as shown in FIG. 9, the first and second arm portions 37, 39 are formed.
Are 180 degrees apart from each other, the light beam emitted from the surgical site O passes through the variable power lens system 12 to become afocal light, and includes a pair of first optical axes P that are a part thereof. The pair of luminous fluxes are the seventh reflecting mirror 42 and the ninth reflecting mirror 44.
Is reflected by and travels inside the first arm portion 37. And
It is bent by the fifth reflecting mirror 38 and advances into the first stereoscopic observation unit 20, and the image of the operation site O can be stereoscopically observed by the pair of first eyepieces 19. Further, of the afocal light, a pair of light fluxes including a pair of second optical axes Q is reflected by the eighth reflecting mirror 43 and the tenth reflecting mirror 45, travels in the second arm section 39, and then undergoes the sixth reflection. The light is reflected again by the mirror 40 and advances into the second stereoscopic observation unit 25, where the image can be stereoscopically observed by the pair of second eyepiece lenses 24.

Next, in order to change the observation directions of the main operator and the sub-operator, the first arm portion 37 is rotated 90 ° in the horizontal direction from the position shown in FIG. Then, the interlocking member 41 interlocks and rotates 45 ° in the same direction, and at the same time, the seventh reflecting mirror 4
Since 2 also rotates 45 ° in the same direction about the axis K, the seventh reflecting mirror 42 has rotated 90 °, and reaches a position where the first arm portion 37 is tilted toward the fifth reflecting mirror 38 (Fig. 1
1). Further, since the tenth reflecting mirror 45 rotates about the axis N in the opposite direction to the interlocking member 41 by 135 °, the seventh reflecting mirror 4
2 is tilted in the same direction in a direction parallel to the direction 2 (see FIG. 11).
reference). Therefore, the pair of afocal lights reflected by the seventh and tenth reflecting mirrors 42 and 45 are reflected by the fifth reflecting mirror 38 of the first arm section 37 and the image is stereoscopically observed by the first stereoscopic observation section 20. it can.

Also, since the eighth reflecting mirror 43 rotates about the axis M in the opposite direction of the interlocking mechanism 41 by 45 ° in conjunction with the rotation of the interlocking member 41 by 45 °, the reflecting mirror 43 is the second arm. The portion 39 is maintained in a state of being inclined toward the sixth reflecting mirror 40. Since the ninth reflecting mirror 44 rotates about the axis M in the same direction as the interlocking mechanism 41 by 135 °, the second arm portion 3 is in the opposite direction from the state of FIG. 9, that is, parallel to the eighth reflecting mirror 43.
It will be tilted in the direction of the sixth reflecting mirror 40 of 9 (see FIG. 11).
reference). Therefore, the pair of afocal lights reflected by the eighth and ninth reflecting mirrors 43 and 44 are reflected by the sixth reflecting mirror 40 and the image can be stereoscopically observed by the second stereoscopic observation unit 25.

Therefore, the main operator and the sub-operator can stereoscopically observe in directions in which the observation angles are 90 ° apart from each other. still,
The seventh to tenth reflecting mirrors 42, 43, 44, 45 are provided with two stereoscopic observation units 2 so that sufficient observation of an image can be performed regardless of whether the observation angle is 180 ° or 90 °.
It is assumed that a reflection member having a reflection area larger than the luminous flux necessary for observing an image toward 0, 25 is used.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the distance from the position of the observer's eyes to the surgical site O is calculated for a plurality of observation optical systems.
Since it is possible to set the same distance without increasing the length between the objective lens 11 and one of the observation points, the main operator and the sub-operator can work under the same conditions, and in addition, a long surgical tool can be used. It has the advantage that it can be used and the efficiency of surgery increases.

[0037]

As described above, the stereomicroscope according to the present invention allows a plurality of observers to observe from the same height in the same field of view and at the same magnification without inviting an increase in size, weight and cost of the microscope. The object can be observed, and the angle between the observation directions of the observers can be variously selected. Further, there is also an advantage that a bright observation image can be obtained because the observation light flux behind the variable power optical system is not divided by a half mirror or the like. or,
By making the pair of optical axis intervals of the plurality of stereoscopic observation units the same, the stereoscopic effect of the plurality of observers can be made the same, and the length of the objective lens and each observation point can be kept short. As it is, the lengths up to the position of the operative site and the observer can be made the same among the plurality of observers, and the observation conditions by the plurality of observers can be made even more identical. As described above, according to the present invention, the sub-operator can provide more sufficient assistance during surgery than ever before, and it is possible to improve the safety of the surgery and shorten the surgery time, resulting in surgery. The success rate can be improved. In addition, it is possible to fully teach surgery by the instruction from the side surgeon.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a stereoscopic microscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the stereoscopic microscope according to the first embodiment of the present invention with an intermediate lens barrel being replaced.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line A′-A ′ of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a stereoscopic microscope according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stereoscopic microscope according to the second embodiment of the present invention in a state where the angle of the first stereoscopic observation unit is rotated by 90 °.

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B'-B 'of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a stereoscopic microscope according to a third embodiment of the present invention in which two arms are arranged at an angle of 180 °.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of a stereoscopic microscope according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which two arms are arranged at an angle of 90 °.

12 is a sectional view taken along the line C′-C ′ of FIG.

FIG. 13 shows a conventional stereomicroscope, (A)
Is a schematic front sectional view, and (B) is a schematic side view.

FIG. 14 shows an optical system of another conventional stereoscopic microscope, in which (A) is a front view, (B) is a side view, and (C) is a plan view of a variable power optical system and an objective lens.

FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of another conventional stereoscopic microscope.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Objective Lens 12 Variable Magnification Lens System 14 First Intermediate Lens Tube 20 First Stereoscopic Observation Section 25 Second Stereoscopic Observation Section 27 Second Intermediate Lens Tube 31 Intermediate Lens Tube 32 Rotating Tube 33 Slide Tube 37 First Arm Section 39 Second Arm 41 Interlocking member

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Asahi Ishikawa 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Inside Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masami Hamada 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo No. Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masahiko Kinukawa 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo No. 2 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toyoharu Harasawa 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo No. Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shin-ichi Nakamura 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A common view type stereoscopic microscope comprising an objective optical system, a variable magnification optical system and a plurality of stereoscopic observation optical systems in order from the object side, wherein the variable magnification optical system and the stereoscopic observation optical system are combined. A light beam distribution means having a plurality of light beam deflection members for distributing the light beam emitted from the variable power optical system to each stereoscopic observation optical system is provided between the light beam distribution means and the light beam distribution means is replaceable or the light beam deflection member. A stereomicroscope, characterized in that a means for changing the arrangement is provided to change the observation angle between the plurality of stereoscopic observation optical systems.