JPH0514179B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a floor structure for radiant cooling performed by cooling a floor surface or radiant heating performed by heating the floor surface.

(Prior Art) Radiant cooling or heating for floors is achieved by passing a fluid consisting of a cooling medium such as cold air or a heating medium such as hot air or hot air through passages such as ducts provided inside the floor. It is being carried out.
The fluid picks up heat from or releases heat to its surroundings while moving through the passageway. The floor is cooled or heated by the fluid taking heat from or supplying heat to the surroundings, thereby cooling or heating the room.

Conventionally, in order to cool or heat a wide area of the floor surface, a number of meandering passages are designed to extend laterally under the floor surface.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, since the passage has a long distance, the temperature at the upstream side (inlet side) of the fluid flowing in one direction through the passage and the temperature at the downstream side (outlet side) There was a large difference between the temperature of the floor surface on the upstream side and the temperature of the floor surface on the downstream side. This phenomenon causes uneven distribution of cooling spaces or heating spaces with large temperature differences.

The present invention aims to increase the effectiveness of radiant heating and cooling by minimizing the temperature difference on the surface of a floor that is cooled or heated for radiant heating and cooling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a floor slab and a support which is arranged on the slab at a distance therefrom and which together with the slab defines a receiving space for a fluid consisting of cold or hot air. The support layer includes a support layer having a large number of through holes extending in the vertical direction, and a surface layer having air permeability disposed on the support layer.

It is preferable that a base layer having air permeability and elasticity is disposed between the support layer and the surface layer.

The present invention also provides a floor slab, a supporting layer disposed on the floor slab at a distance from the floor slab, and having a number of first through holes and a number of second through holes extending in the vertical direction. a support layer, a partition between the deck slab and the support layer into a first space and a second space, and an inlet to the first space for a fluid consisting of a cooling or heating medium and an inlet to the first space; partitioning means defining an exit from the second space, the first space communicating with the first through hole, and the second space communicating with the second through hole; a base layer disposed on the support layer and having a large number of passages communicating with the first and second through holes;
a surface layer disposed on the base layer and capable of blocking passage of the fluid.

The plurality of first through-holes and the plurality of second through-holes each form a plurality of rows, and the rows regarding the first through-holes and the rows regarding the second through-holes alternate. The first space and the second space correspond to a plurality of first through hole rows and a plurality of second space portions located below the plurality of first through hole rows. They can each be formed to have a plurality of second space portions located below the through-hole rows in correspondence with the through-hole rows.

It is desirable to set the diameter of the plurality of first through holes in each row to gradually increase from the upstream side to the downstream side in each first space portion. Further, the base layer may be formed of a large number of elastic particles bonded to each other with a large number of gaps communicating with each other.

A plurality of recesses may be provided in the base layer and open toward the support layer and communicated with the first through hole and the passage.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) According to the invention described in claim 1, when a fluid made of gas is supplied to the space, the fluid passes through the many through holes of the support layer and flows into the air permeable surface layer. Enter the room and go through it into the room. The surface layer is cooled or heated by the fluid passing through it. This cooling or heating is performed substantially simultaneously at each location of the surface layer defining the floor surface. For this reason, the temperature difference at each location on the floor surface is small, and therefore the temperature difference in the radiant heating and cooling space is also small, and a high radiation heating and cooling effect can be obtained. Further, the fluid discharged into the room through the surface layer directly cools or warms the air in the room, contributing to further enhancing the cooling and heating effect of the room.

According to the invention set forth in claim 2, the elasticity of the base layer provides cushioning properties to the floor, and the breathable base layer is cooled by the fluid passing through it. Or, since it is heated, the base layer suppresses a sudden temperature rise or temperature drop of the floor surface after the fluid stops.

According to the invention set forth in claim 3, the fluid is received in the first space, and from there, the fluid is applied to a large number of the base layers almost simultaneously over a wide range of the floor surface via the plurality of first through holes. sent into the passage. Since the surface layer on the base layer prevents the fluid from passing through, the fluid flows through the base layer and then flows to the outlet through a number of second through holes and a second space. Since the multiple passages in the base layer communicate with the multiple second through holes, the distance traveled by the fluid in the base layer is relatively short. Therefore, the underlayer is cooled or heated over a wide area and at various locations by the fluid with relatively low heat loss. As a result, the surface layer is also cooled or heated almost uniformly over a large area, which causes
A heating and cooling space with small temperature changes can be obtained.

According to the invention described in claim 4, since the rows of the plurality of first through holes and the rows of the plurality of second through holes are arranged alternately, the cooling region or the heating region of the base layer are arranged regularly,
This makes it possible to cool or heat the floor surface more uniformly.

According to the invention set forth in claim 5, on the upstream side of the first space where the fluid is supplied, there is a small amount of fluid with little heat loss due to flow, and on the downstream side, there is a large amount of fluid with large heat loss. Since the fluid is supplied to the base layer through the first through hole, a more uniform cooling or heating effect on the floor surface is expected.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 6, the plurality of passages in the underlayer are defined by the plurality of interconnected voids between the plurality of elastic particles. The base layer with a large number of elastic particles and a large number of voids gives the floor good cushioning properties.

According to the invention set forth in claim 7, by providing the recess, substantially without increasing the number of first through holes and therefore without reducing the strength of the support layer, The communication area between the first through hole and the passage in the underlayer can be expanded. This also allows the bed to be cooled or heated over a wider area and more uniformly.

(Embodiments) The features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of the illustrated embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1, a floor 10 having a rectangular planar shape, together with a surrounding wall 12, defines a chamber.

As is clear from FIG. 2, the floor 10 includes a floor slab 14, such as a concrete slab, and a support layer 16, such as a wooden board, placed on the slab at a distance therefrom, A first space and a second space are separated between the floor slab 14 and the support layer 16 by partition means 18.
It is divided into spaces.

The support layer 16 has a large number of first through holes 20 and a large number of second through holes 22 extending in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the large number of first and second through holes 20 and 22 can be arranged in a plurality of rows, and each row is arranged in the horizontal direction in FIG. (Short side direction of the rectangle)
It grows to. In FIG. 1, except for two rows of first through holes (these are conveniently denoted by the reference numeral ₂₀₁ ) located approximately at the center in the vertical direction (long side direction of the rectangle) on the diagram, In the upper region and the lower region, rows of first through holes 20 and rows of second through holes 22 are arranged alternately. Of course, all rows of first and second through holes can be arranged alternately. In addition, in the illustrated example, the first and second through holes 2
0 and 22 are arranged in a staggered manner.

The illustrated partitioning means 18 is connected to the wall 12 and the first
As seen in the figure, it is made up of a large number of narrow plates 24 extending in the short side direction and the long side direction in the figure, and in close contact with the heat insulating plate 23 attached to the floor slab 14 and the support layer 16.

The first space 26 includes a first space portion 26a defined under each row of the first through holes 20, and a first space portion 26a defined under each row of the first through holes 20.
The first connecting portion 26b is not located below the through hole 20 of the first connecting portion 26a, but allows the plurality of first space portions 26a to communicate with each other. The second space 28 also
As in the space 26, it is composed of a second space portion 28a located below each row of second through holes 22, and a plurality of communication portions 28b connected to the plurality of second space portions 28a. Of these parts, first and second connecting parts 26 extend along the perimeter of the floor.
b, 28b are defined by the wall 12 and some of the plates 24, and other parts are defined by all the plates 24.

The wall 12 is provided with an inlet 30 and an outlet 32 for a cooling medium consisting of a gas such as cold air, a liquid such as cold water, or a heating medium consisting of a gas such as hot air, a liquid such as hot water, etc. There is. In FIG. 1, the inlet 30 communicates with one first space 26a below the two rows of first through-holes 201 extending laterally approximately in the middle of the long side, and the outlet communicates with the first space 26a below the two rows of first through-holes ₂₀₁ extending laterally at approximately the middle of the long side. It communicates with one second space portion 28a adjacent to 26a. That is, the entrance 30
and the outlet 32 communicates with the first space 26 and the second space 28, respectively.

A base layer 34 is disposed on the support layer 16, and a surface layer 36 and a surface layer 38 defining a floor surface are disposed in this order on the base layer 34.

Underlayer 34 has a number of passages and a number of recesses that open toward support layer 16 . The illustrated base layer 34 includes a large number of elastic particles 42 such as rubber particles or cork particles bonded to each other with a large number of voids 40 in between.
A large number of voids 40 constitute a large number of passages. Each of the illustrated recesses 44 comprises a groove extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the first and second spatial portions 26a, 28a, each groove overlying and communicating with the first through-hole 20. . Instead of the groove,
The holes may correspond to each of the first through holes 20. The grooves also communicate with voids 40 or passageways. A passage 40 that opens on each side of the base layer 34 is a second
It communicates with the through hole 22 of.

Although the recess 44 is not necessarily required, the recess 44
By providing this, a wider communication area between the first through hole 20 and the passage 40 can be obtained compared to the case where this is not provided, and therefore, the fluid can be sent to the passage 40 over a wide range at once. . The expansion of the communication area is not accompanied by an increase in the number or diameter of the first through holes 20, and therefore the support layer 1
The decrease in strength due to the perforation of No. 6 is small.

The base layer 34 is composed of a large number of elastic granules 42 bonded to each other with a large number of gaps 40, and a minimum amount of, for example, liquid urethane resin necessary to bond the granules together. A molded product obtained by spreading the mixture in a rectangular parallelepiped mold with an open top, partially burying a plurality of square timbers to obtain the grooves, heating, curing, and demolding the mixture. It can be formed by arranging a plurality of pieces on the support layer 16 so as to butt each other. The cross-sectional size of the passageway 40 is adjusted by selecting the size of the granules used.

The surface layer 36 can be formed by applying, for example, a layer of liquid urethane resin to the surface of the base layer 34, and this prevents the passage of the fluid. Surface layer 36 covers the surface of base layer 34 and closes the open ends of passageways 40 therein. The surface layer 38 can be constituted by the liquid urethane resin layer applied to the surface layer 36 or by a covering such as a carpet.

The fluid is supplied to the first space 26 from the inlet 30 via a duct from a fluid supply (not shown), for example a cold or hot air generator, a blower or the like, located for example outside the building.

Said fluid passing through the inlet 30 passes through the connecting portion 26b or directly to each first space portion 26a, as shown by the solid arrows, and moves into each first space 26a.
satisfy. The fluid then passes through each first through hole 20 to the groove 44 from which it travels through a number of passages 40 communicating therewith. The large number of first through holes 20 and grooves 44 allow the fluid to flow into the underlying layer 16 at once and over a wide area. Considering the heat loss of the fluid when moving through each first space portion 26a, the diameter of the first through hole 20 in each row is adjusted in the direction of flow of the fluid, that is, in the direction of the solid arrow. It is desirable to set the value so that it gradually increases towards the target. According to this, a small amount of fluid passes through the through hole 20 on the upstream side although the heat loss is small, and a large amount of fluid passes through the through hole 20 on the downstream side although the heat loss is large. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the difference in the degree of cooling or heating of the base layer caused by the amount of heat loss of the fluid.

While the fluid passes through the grooves 44 and passages 40, heat exchange occurs between the fluid and the underlayer 34, cooling or heating the underlayer 34, and heat is transferred from the underlayer 34 to the surface layer 36 and the surface layer. 38, thereby realizing radiant heating and cooling.

Due to the presence of the surface layer 36 that does not allow the fluid to pass through, the fluid does not leak into the chamber and enters the numerous second through holes 2.
2 to a second space 28 (see dashed arrow) from which it is returned to the fluid supply source via another duct. Due to the presence of a large number of second through holes 22, the moving distance of the fluid between the first and second through holes 20, 22 is short. For this reason, the heat loss of the fluid circulating through the passage is also small, and therefore substantially uniform cooling or heating over a wide area of the floor surface is possible.

Referring to Figure 4, which shows a cross section of another floor structure,
In this floor 45, a support layer 46 placed on the floor slab 14 or the heat insulating board 23 attached thereto at a distance defines a space 48 together with the wall and the heat insulating board 23. The spacing between the deck 14 and the support layer 46 can be maintained by spacers 50, such as blocks, spaced therebetween. The space 48 is for receiving a fluid consisting of a gas, such as cold or hot air, and the wall is provided with an inlet for said fluid that communicates with the space 48.

The support layer 46 is made of a plate similar to the support layer 16 described above, and the plate has a number of holes 52 extending therethrough, ie, extending in the vertical direction. It is desirable that the large number of holes 52 be distributed at regular intervals, that is, uniformly, when viewed from each side of the support layer 46 in which they are opened. Thereby, the fluid supplied to the space 48 can be passed through the surface layer 56 described later more uniformly over its entire area. Also, as mentioned above,
In consideration of heat loss due to the movement of the fluid, it is desirable that the through-holes located near the inlet have a smaller diameter than the through-holes located further away.

A base layer 54 consisting of a large number of elastic particles 42 bonded to each other with a large number of gaps 40 similar to those described above is disposed on the support layer 46, and a carpet defining a floor surface is placed on the base layer. A surface layer 56 resembling a tatami mat is arranged. Underlayer 54 is provided with air permeability by its numerous voids 40, and surface layer 56 is also air permeable.

The fluid supplied to the space 48 flows through a number of holes 5.
2. It sequentially passes through the void 40 of the base layer 54 and the surface layer 56 to reach the chamber. The surface layer 56 defining the floor surface is cooled or heated by the fluid passing through it, thereby providing radiant heating and cooling of the room. Further, the base layer 54 is cooled or heated by the fluid passing through it, and similarly to the base layer 34 described above, it functions to keep the surface layer 54 directly above it cool or warm, and provides the floor with appropriate cushioning properties. Give. Furthermore, the fluid discharged into the chamber contributes to the heating and cooling of the chamber.

The base layer 54 can be arranged in the same manner as the base layer 34 described above. In addition, the arrangement of the base layer 54 is omitted and the surface layer 56 is replaced by the support layer 54.
It is also possible to arrange it directly on 6.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the floor structure according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a partial longitudinal section taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal section taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a partial longitudinal section taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3 regarding FIG. 10, 45: floor, 14: floor slab, 16, 46: support layer, 18: partition means, 20, 22, 52: first through hole, second through hole and through hole, 26,
28, 48: first space, second space and space, 30, 32: inlet and outlet for fluid,
34,54: Base layer, 36: Surface layer, 38,56:
Surface layer, 40: passage, 44: recess.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A floor slab, and a support layer disposed on the floor slab at a distance therefrom and defining, together with the floor slab, a receiving space for a fluid consisting of cold air or hot air, which extends in the vertical direction. A heating and cooling floor structure comprising: a support layer having a plurality of through holes extending through the support layer; and a breathable surface layer disposed on the support layer. 2. The heating and cooling floor structure according to claim 1, wherein a base layer having air permeability and elasticity is disposed between the support layer and the surface layer. 3 a floor slab; a support layer disposed on the floor slab at a distance therefrom and having a number of first through holes and a number of second through holes extending in the vertical direction; Partitioning means for partitioning the space between the deck slab and the support layer into a first space and a second space and for defining an inlet and an outlet for a fluid consisting of a cooling medium or a heating medium, the partitioning means A space communicates with the first through hole and the inlet, and a space communicates with the first through hole and the inlet.
partitioning means, the space of which communicates with the second through hole and the outlet, and disposed on the support layer;
a base layer having a large number of passages communicating with the first and second through holes; and a base layer disposed on the base layer.
and a surface layer capable of blocking passage of the fluid. 4. The plurality of first through-holes and the plurality of second through-holes each form a plurality of rows, and the rows regarding the first through-holes and the rows regarding the second through-holes alternate. and also,
The first space and the second space include a plurality of first spaces.
a plurality of first space portions located below and corresponding to the plurality of through-hole rows; and a plurality of second space portions located below and corresponding to the plurality of second through-hole rows. , The heating and cooling floor structure according to claim 3. 5 The diameter of the plurality of first through holes in each row is the same as that of the first through hole.
The heating and cooling floor structure according to claim 4, wherein the space gradually increases from the upstream side to the downstream side. 6. The heating and cooling floor structure according to claim 3, wherein the base layer is composed of a large number of elastic particles bonded to each other with a large number of voids communicating with each other. 7. The heating and cooling floor structure according to claim 3, wherein the base layer has a plurality of recesses that are open toward the support layer and communicate with the first through hole and the passage.