JPH05141346A - Compressor with transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep the traction factor of a transmission at a high value, to suppress a slip ratio to a low value, and to improve reliability by removing a refrigerant from freezer oil utilized for lubrication of the transmission. CONSTITUTION:A suction housing 110 of a compressor is divided into at least two sections. A first low pressure chamber 112 which receives the heat of a transmission 200 and a compressor 100 and by which a refrigerant is vaporized from freezer oil is formed on the upper stream side and a second low pressure chamber 114 is formed on the downstream side. Communicating holes 150 and 151 for intercommunicating the first and second low pressure chambers and a small communicating hole 241 for intercommunicating the bottom part of the first low pressure chamber 112 and a transmission chamber 230 to contain the transmission and guiding freezer oil, from which a refrigerant is separated, to the transmission chamber 230 are formed. This constitution causes the flow of lubricating oil, separated in the first low pressure chamber 112, through the small communicating hole to the transmission chamber 230 so as to effect lubrication and cooling of the transmission.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a lubrication system in a compressor with a transmission, which makes it possible to control a compression capacity by driving a compressor for refrigerant connected to a refrigeration circuit at a variable speed. For example, it is suitable to be applied to a refrigerant compressor of an automobile air conditioner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A refrigerant type compressor is provided with a planetary friction type continuously variable transmission consisting of several conical friction wheels and rings, etc., and the number of revolutions of the compressor is controlled steplessly to improve the cooling capacity. An example of a compressor with a transmission that can be adjusted to save power consumption is
It is described in JP-A-62-170787. In this type of compressor with a transmission, lubrication of the transmission,
A transmission is provided in the suction chamber of the refrigerant compressor for cooling, and each part of the transmission is in contact with refrigerating machine oil mixed in the refrigerant sucked into the compressor; Refrigerating machine oil, which collects at the bottom of the chamber, is splashed by the rotating part of the transmission to supply the refrigerating machine oil, which is lubricating oil, to the friction engagement parts and sliding parts, and to lubricate and cool it. ing.

[0003]

Refrigerant oil for lubricating the compressor for refrigerant is mixed in liquid or mist in the refrigerant sucked from the evaporator of the refrigeration circuit together with the refrigerant and returned to the compressor. , The refrigerator oil usually has 10 to 30
% Of the refrigerant is melted, the refrigerating machine oil is directly supplied to the friction transmission part of the transmission by the lubrication method as described above to perform lubrication, as shown in FIG. Since the coefficient greatly decreases in accordance with the increase in the solubility (that is, the content rate) of the refrigerant, there is a problem that the slip rate of the friction type continuously variable transmission increases and abnormal wear occurs on the surface of the friction wheel or the like.

The present invention addresses this problem and suppresses as much as possible the refrigerant from being dissolved and mixed in the refrigerating machine oil for the refrigerant compressor used for lubricating the transmission, thereby reducing the traction coefficient of the transmission. By keeping it high, the slip ratio of the transmission is kept low even at high speeds, and the operation reliability of the compressor with a transmission is improved.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention comprises a compressor for refrigerant connected to a refrigerating circuit of an air conditioner, and a compressor which is integrally fastened to a suction side of the compressor. A transmission that is connected to drive the shaft and uses refrigerating machine oil of the compressor as a common lubricating oil while being cooled by a low-temperature suction refrigerant, and a low-pressure chamber on the suction side of the compressor for at least 2 minutes. And a first low pressure chamber formed on the upstream side, a second low pressure chamber also formed on the downstream side, a communication hole for communicating the first low pressure chamber with the second low pressure chamber, and the first low pressure chamber. A shift having a small diameter communicating hole that communicates a bottom portion of the chamber with a transmission chamber that accommodates the transmission, and that guides refrigerating machine oil from which refrigerant has been separated in the first low pressure chamber to the transmission chamber. Provide a compressor with a machine.

[0006]

When the compressor of the present invention is operated in a state in which it is connected to the refrigeration circuit of the air conditioner, the attached transmission receives the supply of power and provides the driving torque of the required number of revolutions to the compressor. And drives the compressor body so that the compressor can discharge the refrigerant at a flow rate that meets the demand. A part of the refrigerating machine oil that is the lubricating oil of the compressor flows mixed with the refrigerant, but when the refrigerant is sucked into the first low pressure chamber on the suction side of the compressor, it absorbs the heat of the transmission or the compressor. The refrigerating machine oil, which is a wet vapor, is separated from the refrigerating machine oil that does not evaporate when it becomes dry vapor, and the refrigerating machine oil containing almost no refrigerant is collected at the bottom of the first low pressure chamber.

The refrigerating machine oil separated in the first low-pressure chamber enters the transmission chamber through the small-diameter communication hole, lubricates and cools the friction engagement surface of the transmission to increase the traction coefficient, and the transmission. It improves the transmission efficiency and prevents wear and overheating of the friction engagement surface. Since this refrigerating machine oil has been cooled by the low-temperature return refrigerant, the refrigerating machine oil has a lower temperature than the refrigerating machine oil in the transmission chamber, and the return refrigerant flows from the first low-pressure chamber through the communication hole to the second low-pressure chamber. Since the adjacent transmission chambers are cooled before being guided to the chamber and being sucked into the compressor, the refrigerating machine oil in the transmission chamber can be kept at a relatively low temperature.

[0008]

1 shows a concrete structure of a compressor with a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which 100 is a vane type or the like used for compressing a refrigerant in a vehicle air conditioner. Of the positive displacement compressor, and 200 are several planetary friction wheels 202, one ring 204 and one input friction wheel 20 each.
6 and a friction type continuously variable transmission of the type engaged with the output friction wheel 208.

The suction housing 110 of the compressor 100 is separated from the working chamber 102 of the compressor by the wall surface of the front housing 120. Also, the suction housing 110
The inside of is divided into two parts by a partition wall to form an upper first low pressure chamber 112 and a lower second low pressure chamber 114. The first low-pressure chamber 112 and the second low-pressure chamber 114 are communicated with each other through a communication hole 150 and a communication hole 151 each having a relatively large diameter with an intermediate chamber 116 interposed therebetween. Although not shown, the first low-pressure chamber 112 has a suction port for suctioning the low-pressure low-temperature return refrigerant from the evaporator of the air conditioner. The front wall surface 1 of the suction housing 110 is located between the suction housing 110 and the transmission chamber 230 that is an internal space of the transmission 200.
It is divided by 18, and a communication hole 241 having a small diameter is provided between the bottom of the first low pressure chamber 112 and the transmission chamber 230.
The transmission chamber 230 and the second low pressure chamber 114 are also communicated with each other by the small diameter overflow port 242.

The first low pressure chamber 112 serves to separate refrigerating machine oil, which is lubricating oil, from the return refrigerant, and the second low pressure chamber 1
Reference numeral 14 is a pool of refrigerant for sucking the refrigerant into the working chamber 102 of the compressor 100 from a suction port (not shown) formed on the wall surface of the front housing 120. Communication hole 241
Is provided for guiding the refrigerating machine oil separated from the refrigerant in the first low pressure chamber 112 to the transmission chamber 230, and the overflow port 242 also serves as a pressure equalizing hole.
In order to keep the oil level of the refrigeration oil in the transmission chamber 230 at an appropriate constant level, it is provided at a position slightly lower than the shaft 130. Excessive refrigerating machine oil in the transmission chamber 230 enters the second low pressure chamber 114 through the overflow port 242 of the wall surface 118, mixes into the refrigerant again, and then enters the compressor 10.
0 is sucked into the working chamber 102 and lubricates the sliding portion of the vane of the compressor 100. The diameters of the communication hole 241 and the overflow port 242 are as thin as about 1 to 3 mm, but the communication hole 15
0 and the communication hole 151 have a large hole diameter, which is about the same as the suction port of the compressor 100.

A discharge passage 108 is provided in the high pressure chamber 106 on the discharge side of the compressor 100, and is connected to a condenser of an air conditioner (not shown). The enlarged lower region of the high pressure chamber 106 forms an oil separation chamber 106a, and the refrigerating machine oil contained in the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 due to the difference in specific gravity from the discharged high pressure refrigerant. Most of the water is separated and stored at the bottom. Oil separation chamber 1
Since the refrigerating machine oil accumulated in 06a has a discharge pressure,
By utilizing the pressure difference with the suction side, it is possible to directly supply the refrigerating machine oil to the portion of the compressor 100 that requires lubrication, the second low pressure chamber 114, etc. through a passage (not shown).

The friction type continuously variable transmission 200 is a compressor 100.
Mounted integrally in front of the suction housing 110 of
At its center, a bearing 218 supports a pulley 214 and an input shaft 216 that are rotationally driven by a vehicle engine (not shown) via a belt. Inside the transmission chamber 230, an output friction wheel 208 facing the disc-shaped input friction wheel 206 fixed to the input shaft 216 and connected to the shaft 130 of the compressor 100 by a structure described later.
Are supported by several planetary friction wheels 20 between them.
The transmission 200 is configured by bridging the two and fitting the one transmission ring 204 in a form of bundling all the planetary friction wheels 202.

The cam disk 25 is provided by a radial bearing and a thrust bearing provided on the hub of the input friction wheel 206.
0 is supported, and a disk 210 mounted on the shaft 130 of the compressor 100 is connected to the right end surface of the disk 210 by a bolt with an output rotation detection ring interposed therebetween.
Further, the cam disk 250 supports the output friction wheel 208 from the rear via a known thrust generating cam mechanism 256. The output friction wheel 208 is loosely fitted on the cylindrical portion of the cam disk 250 so as to be rotatable relative thereto, and as the relative rotation angle with respect to the cam disk 250 increases,
The input friction wheel 206 is pushed by the thrust generating cam mechanism 256 toward the front in the axial direction, and the input friction wheel 206 as well as the friction pressure contact force of the output friction wheel 208 with respect to each planetary friction wheel 202.
It also acts to increase that of the transmission ring 204.

A carrier 258, which is free to rotate between the input friction wheel 206 and the output friction wheel 208, allows the rotation axes of several planetary friction wheels 202 to be equally spaced on the same circumference and to have the input shafts. A common transmission ring 204 is frictionally engaged with each conical friction surface of these planetary friction wheels 202, which are mounted at the same angle with respect to 216. Although the ring 204 is prevented from rotating, it can be axially moved and adjusted by the ring holder 260, so that the effective radius of the engagement point with the ring 204 on the conical friction surface of each planetary friction wheel 202 is increased. It is changing all at once. The position of the ring holder 260 is continuously adjusted by the variable speed motor 220. And
An input friction wheel 206 is simultaneously frictionally engaged with a cylindrical friction surface formed on the base of each planetary friction wheel 202, and an output friction wheel 208 is simultaneously frictioned with a disc-shaped friction surface corresponding to a conical bottom surface. It is designed to engage.

When the pulley 214 is rotationally driven by the engine in the operating state, the input friction wheel 206 integrated with the input shaft 216 rotates, and the transmission ring 204 that is stationary.
The rotation is taken out by the output friction wheel 208 by rolling the planetary friction wheel 202 along. Input friction wheel 206
The rotation speed of the output friction wheel 208 is determined by the axial position of the speed change ring 204, which is positioned by the ring holder 260, when the rotation speed is constant. Therefore,
When the ring holder 260 and the speed change ring 204 are moved in the axial direction by controlling the rotation of the speed change motor 220, the rotation speed of the output friction wheel 208 changes continuously. On the contrary, even when the rotation speed of the input friction wheel 206 changes together with the engine and the input shaft 216, the friction type continuously variable transmission 20
If 0 is changed according to the change, the compressor 100
It becomes possible to maintain the rotation speed of the shaft 130 of the above-mentioned substantially constant. Due to this action, the compressor with transmission is
Even if the engine speed fluctuates according to the operating state of the vehicle, a predetermined flow rate of the refrigerant is always compressed and discharged, so that the air conditioning capacity can be ideally controlled.

When the compressor 100 is driven by the rotation of the shaft 130, the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant returning from the evaporator of the air conditioner (not shown) causes the first low-pressure chamber 112,
Communication hole 150, intermediate chamber 116, communication hole 151, and second
It is sucked into the working chamber 102 of the compressor 100 from the absorption port formed on the wall surface of the front housing 120 through the low pressure chamber 114, compressed in the working chamber 102, and discharged to the high pressure chamber 106. While the discharged refrigerant temporarily stagnates in the oil separation chamber 106a which is an enlarged portion of the high pressure chamber 106, most of the mixed liquid or mist type refrigerating machine oil is separated from the refrigerant and a small amount of refrigerating machine oil is added. The contained refrigerant is guided from the discharge passage 108 toward the condenser of the refrigeration circuit,
It is used as a working fluid in air conditioners.

The first low pressure chamber 112 has the adjacent transmission 20.
0 and the heat generated by the compressor 100 causes the temperature to rise considerably, so that the refrigerant flows into the first low pressure chamber 11
When passing through 2, the refrigerant in the wet vapor state receives the heat and almost completely evaporates to dry vapor. At that time, the refrigerating machine oil contained in the refrigerant is mainly due to the difference in boiling point. To be separated. The refrigerating machine oil separated from the refrigerant by being heated contains the refrigerant at a low ratio of 10% or less in solubility.

The refrigerating machine oil separated in the first low pressure chamber 112 accumulates at the bottom of the chamber, passes through the communication hole 241, and is transmitted to the transmission chamber 23.
0 and accumulated up to a predetermined level, the transmission 200
Is supplied to the engagement surface of each friction wheel or transmission ring to lubricate or cool them. First low pressure chamber 11
The refrigerating machine oil flowing in from 2 is relatively low temperature because it is separated from the low temperature return refrigerant, and the transmission chamber 230
Is adjacent to the suction housing 110, and since the refrigerating machine oil inside is constantly subjected to the cooling action by the low-temperature return refrigerant, it maintains a relatively low temperature. This prevents abnormal wear and overheating of the friction engagement surface. When the amount of the refrigerating machine oil accumulated in the transmission chamber 230 becomes excessive, the extra refrigerating machine oil overflows into the second low pressure chamber 114 through the overflow port 242. The slight amount of refrigerant separated in the transmission chamber 230 is also returned from the overflow port 242 to the original flow path.

The refrigerating machine oil serves as a lubricating oil of the transmission 200 to lubricate and cool various friction sliding surfaces or friction engagement surfaces to prevent wear and to maintain a high traction coefficient. As shown in FIG. 2, the traction coefficient greatly changes depending on the amount of the refrigerant that remains dissolved in the refrigerating machine oil, that is, the solubility of the refrigerant. It is desirable that the refrigerating machine oil supplied to the transmission chamber 230 be as free of dissolved refrigerant as possible. In the compressor with a transmission as the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the first low-pressure chamber 112 and the second low-pressure chamber 114 where the refrigerant easily evaporates by receiving the heat of the transmission 200 and the compressor 100. Since it is provided as a separate room on the upstream side of the
The refrigerating machine oil supplied to the tank has a slight amount of 10% or less of the refrigerant dissolved therein, and hardly reduces the traction coefficient.

In the illustrated embodiment, a combination of a vane type compressor 100 and a continuously variable transmission 200 having a planetary friction wheel is taken as an embodiment, but in the present invention, the compressor and the transmission are The present invention is not limited to such a type, and as apparent from the features of the present invention described in the claims, it is also applied to a combination of other types of refrigerant compressors and transmissions. It goes without saying that you can do it.

[0021]

In the compressor with a transmission of the present invention,
A first low pressure chamber is separately provided on the upstream side of the second low pressure chamber, and they are communicated with each other through a communication hole, and in the first low pressure chamber, the heat of the transmission and the compressor are used to separate the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant, thereby freezing. Since the amount of the dissolved refrigerant in the machine oil is reduced and then supplied to the transmission chamber, the traction coefficient in the transmission is improved, and the friction sliding parts are sufficiently lubricated and cooled to prevent abnormal wear. Power can be efficiently transmitted to the compressor.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing an embodiment of a compressor with a transmission of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a traction coefficient of a transmission and a refrigerant solubility of refrigerating machine oil.

[Explanation of symbols]

 100 ... Compressor 102 ... Working chamber 106 ... High pressure chamber 112 ... First low pressure chamber 114 ... Second low pressure chamber 116 ... Intermediate chamber 130 ... Shaft 150, 151 ... Communication hole 200 ... Friction type continuously variable transmission 202 ... Planetary friction wheel 204 ... Speed change ring 206 ... Input friction wheel 208 ... Output friction wheel 216 ... Input shaft 230 ... Transmission chamber 241 ... Communication hole 242 ... Overflow port

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A compressor for refrigerant connected to a refrigeration circuit of an air conditioner, and a compressor for refrigerating the compressor, which is integrally fastened to a suction side of the compressor so as to drive its shaft. A transmission that uses machine oil as a common lubricating oil while cooling it with a low-temperature suction refrigerant, a first low-pressure chamber that is formed upstream by dividing the suction-side low-pressure chamber of the compressor into at least two, and the same downstream. A second low pressure chamber formed on the side, a communication hole that communicates the first low pressure chamber and the second low pressure chamber, a bottom of the first low pressure chamber, and a transmission chamber that houses the transmission. A compressor with a transmission, comprising: a communication hole having a small diameter that guides the refrigeration oil separated from the refrigerant in the first low pressure chamber to the transmission chamber.