JPH05138402A - Multiple processing lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide such a construction wherein Y axis travel amount can be made relatively large and the center height of a byte T is lowered, thereby the rigidity on the side of a tool rest is heightened in a multiple processing lathe that possesses mutually inclined two X axis feed system, and achieves Y axis feed with simultaneous movement of these X axis feed system. CONSTITUTION:Second X axis guide 7a that inclines by alpha degrees to the side of a workpiece W is provided on an intermediate table 7 that is placed movably on the first X axis guide 4a of a saddle 4 placed capably of performing Z axis movement on a bed and a tool rest 11 is placed movable on this guide 7a, and, when number of tool mounting station on the outer circumference of a turret 14 is 12, for example, indexing of the turret is fixed to be the division into 24 equal parts, that is, a 15 degree pitch, the positions 30 degrees lower than normal positions are fixed as the indexed positions of a fixed tool, and the positions 15 degrees higher than that are fixed as the indexed positions of a rotary tool R, and the feed in the axial direction Xa of the rotary tool and in a direction Ya at a right angle to it is synthesized by the simultaneous feed of the intermediate table and the tool rest.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to two X's which are inclined to each other.
The present invention relates to a composite machining lathe that performs Y-axis feed by synthesizing an axis feed system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIGS.
An inclined guide 101a that inclines toward the workpiece is provided on the upper surface of a center table 101 that can be moved and positioned in the axial direction, and a tool rest 102 is provided on the inclined guide 101a so that the tool post 102 can be moved and positioned.
The Y-axis feed is performed by combining the X-axis feed of the middle stand and the tilt feed of the tool post.
There is a known technique in No. 3. Further, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a turret 105 is provided on a guide stand 104 having a Y-axis direction guide installed upright on the bed 103, and the Y-axis direction feed is performed by this dedicated Y-axis guide. A known machine tool (lathe) is disclosed in JP-A-56-134101.

[0003]

Since the technique of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-131803 described in the prior art has a structure in which the amount of movement in the Y-axis direction is determined by the position of the tool rest on the tilt guide,
The operating area is tapered, and the larger the workpiece diameter (the farther it is from the center), the smaller the Y-axis movement distance,
There is a problem that a large processing range cannot be obtained because the operation range in the Y-axis direction is restricted. In addition, JP-A-56
The technique of No. -134101 has a problem that it can be a large and expensive machine in order to secure the rigidity on the side of the tool post, although the moving distance in the Y-axis direction can be made large. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide two Xs that have high rigidity on the side of the tool post and have a relatively wide operation range in the Y-axis direction. An attempt is made to provide a composite machining lathe that performs Y-axis feed by synthesizing an axis feed system.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, a composite machining lathe according to the present invention comprises a headstock which is fixed or movable and positionable in the Z-axis direction and a saddle which is movable and positionable in the Z-axis direction. In a lathe provided, an intermediate table provided on the upper surface of the saddle so as to be movable and positionable in the reference X-axis direction and having an inclination guide of α degrees with respect to the reference X-axis plane, and movable and positionable on the inclination guide of the intermediate base. A turret provided and a rotary tool rotatably provided on the turret in a plane orthogonal to the Z axis at a first cutting position above a reference X axis passing through the workpiece center, and a fixed tool on the reference X axis. A second turret for indexing to the second cutting position, and for the X-axis feed when indexing a fixed tool, the center table is moved,
The feed in the rotary tool axial direction (Xa) and the feed in the direction perpendicular to the rotary tool (Ya) at the time of indexing the rotary tool are performed by a combined feed of the intermediate table and the tool post.

Further, in a lathe equipped with a headstock capable of fixed or Z-axis movable positioning and a saddle capable of Z-axis movable positioning or fixed, a βa with respect to a reference X-axis plane of the saddle.
An intermediate platform provided so as to be movable and positionable on a first inclined guide which is inclined by a degree, and a second inclined guide which is inclined by α degrees opposite to the first inclined guide with respect to the reference X-axis plane of the intermediate platform. A tool rest provided on the tool rest so as to be movable and positionable, and a turret provided on the tool rest so as to be rotatable in a plane orthogonal to the Z-axis to index a mounting tool to a cutting position on a reference X-axis passing through the workpiece center. Y that is included and is perpendicular to the X axis and the X and Z axes
The feed in the axial direction is performed by a composite feed of the center stand and the tool rest.

[0006]

In the case of turning, first the turret is swiveled to index the fixed tool (bite) to the cutting position, and the tool post or middle table movably mounted on the tilt guide is set to the center height of the bite. Positioning is performed so as to be the center of the workpiece, and turning is performed by the X-axis movement of the center table or the combined X-axis movement of the tool stand and the center table and the Z-axis movement of the saddle. When chamfering the side surface of the workpiece by the Y-axis feed of the rotary tool (end mill), index the end mill to the cutting position, first position the center stand and the tool rest so that the cutting edge becomes the cutting start position, then Of the tool post to the work side and the tool post to the non-work piece side to make a composite cut to the work piece side in the X-axis direction, then feed the tool post to the non-work piece side and to the work piece side of the center stand. The chamfering is performed by the cutting feed in the Y-axis direction, which is synthesized by the feed of.

[0007]

EXAMPLE A first example will be described with reference to FIGS. In the combined machining lathe shown in FIG. 1, a headstock 2 is fixed on the left side of a bed 1, and the headstock 2 is rotatably supported by a plurality of bearings (not shown) on the headstock 2. The workpiece W is gripped by the workpiece. A Z-axis direction guide 1a is cut on the bed 1, and a saddle 4 is movably mounted on the Z-axis guide 1a. The saddle 4 is mounted on the bed 1 by a servomotor 5 fixed to a ball screw 6a. It is moved and positioned via. The saddle 4 has a first X-axis guide 4a in the horizontal direction (reference X-axis direction) on the upper surface, and a center stand 7 is movably mounted on the first X-axis guide 4a.
The center stand 7 is moved and positioned by a servo motor 8 fixed to the saddle via a ball screw 9. The middle table 7 has a second X-axis guide 7a having an inclination angle of α degrees on the workpiece W side with respect to the X-axis direction on the upper surface, and a tool rest 11 is provided on the second X-axis guide 7a.
Is movably mounted, and the tool rest 11 is moved and positioned via a ball screw 13 by a servo motor 12 fixed to the middle stand 7.

A turret 14 is supported on the tool rest 11 so as to be pivotally indexable about a pivot axis in the Z-axis direction, and a plurality of tool mounting stations for rotary tools and fixed tools are provided on the outer periphery of the turret 14. Has been. The rotary tool R is attached to the rotary tool attachment station, and the fixed tool T is attached to the fixed tool attachment station.
For example, when there are 12 tool mounting stations in total, the turret 14 is indexed into 24 equal parts at a pitch of 15 ° by a turning indexing mechanism built in the tool rest. As for the indexing (cutting) position of the fixed tool T, as shown in FIG. 5, a tool mounting station which is one position lower than the height of the turret rotation center is designated, and the cutting position of the rotary tool R is as shown in FIG. The tool mounting station is located 15 ° above the cutting position of the fixed tool. The fixed tool T indexed at the cutting position faces the workpiece in the reference X-axis direction, and the rotary tool R has the axis. The heart is 90 on the workpiece W side with respect to the X axis
Xa direction tilted by ° -β degrees Facing the workpiece side. Therefore, with the above-described structure, the fixed tool T is fed in the reference X-axis direction by the X-axis movement of the center table 7, and the cutting edge position is lowered by L compared to the conventional structure, which has a low rigidity and a high rigidity structure. The Xa direction of the rotary tool R and the feed in the Ya direction that is orthogonal to the Xa direction and the Z axis and is inclined by β degrees with respect to the reference X-axis plane are performed by the combined feed of the intermediate table 7 and the tool post 11. This Y
The movement amount Ya in the a direction is obtained by the following equation, and Ya = XA cos β + XB sin (α + β−90 °) The movement amount Xa in the Xa direction is obtained by the following equation. Xa = XA / sin β + XB cos (α + β−90 °) where XA = the amount of movement of the middle table 7 XB = the amount of movement of the tool post 11

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
For turning with the fixed tool T, as shown in FIG. 5, the turret 14 is turned to index the fixed tool T to the lower cutting position dedicated to the fixed tool, and move the tool rest 11 in the direction of the second X-axis guide 7a. After positioning so that the center height of the fixed tool coincides with the center of rotation of the workpiece, turning is performed by the X-axis movement of the center table 7 in the direction of the first X-axis guide 4a and the Z-axis movement of the saddle 4. In this case, the center height of the fixed tool T is lower by L than in the conventional case,
High rigidity enables strong cutting. In the radial drilling of the side surface of the workpiece by the rotary tool R (drill), the turret 14 is swung to index the drill R to the cutting position dedicated to the rotary tool as shown in FIG. Axis guide 4
By the movement in the direction a and the movement of the tool rest 11 in the direction of the second X-axis guide 7a, the respective axes are positioned so that the axis of the drill passes through the center of the workpiece W and the tip of the drill approaches the outer periphery of the workpiece W. After that, the feed in the Xa direction is combined with the simultaneous movement of the tool rest 11 in the direction of the first X-axis guide 4a and the movement of the tool rest 11 in the direction of the second X-axis to perform punching. Further, in the case of performing the flat surface cutting on the side surface of the workpiece W by the rotary tool R (end mill) by the feed in the Ya direction, the feed in the first X-axis guide direction of the intermediate table 7 and the feed in the second X-axis guide direction of the tool post 11 are performed. , And the plane feed is performed by combining feeds in the Ya direction by simultaneous feeds to mutually opposite sides. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the operating region a is longer than that in the conventional case because the Ya direction is inclined by (90 ° -β), and thus the operating region a becomes longer, and a relatively large Y-axis movement amount can be obtained.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the first X-axis guide 4a on the upper surface of the saddle 4 has an inclination angle of βa degrees with respect to the horizontal reference X-axis plane, and that the turret 14 is provided. The indexing (cutting) position is the fixed tool T,
Where the rotary tool R is also at the same position, the other parts are the same, so the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted. Therefore, for example, 12
In the case of a turret having one tool mounting station, 12 equal divisions are performed every 30 ° as usual, and the reference X-axis direction movement amount X is obtained by the following formula: X = XA cos βa + XB cos α Y-axis movement The quantity Y is calculated by the following equation. Y = XA sinβa + XB sinα where XA = the amount of movement of the middle table 7 XB = the amount of movement of the tool post 11

Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described. Turning with the fixed tool T is performed by turning the turret 14 to index the fixed tool to the cutting position as shown in FIG.
The movement of the tool post 11 in the direction of the second X-axis guide 7a or the first
The center table 7 is moved in the X-axis guide 4a direction so that the center height of the fixed tool coincides with the rotation center of the workpiece, and then the center table 7 is fed to the first X-axis guide 4a direction to the workpiece side and the blade. Turning is performed by the infeed feed in the reference X-axis direction synthesized by the simultaneous feed to the workpiece side in the second X-axis guide 7a direction of the base 11 and the Z-axis feed of the intermediate base 7. When performing surface cutting on the side surface of the workpiece W by the rotary tool R (end mill) by feeding in the Y-axis direction, the turret 14 is rotated to index the rotary tool R to the cutting position as shown in FIG. 7, for example, in the Y-axis direction. When carrying out chamfering by upward feed, first, the end mill R is positioned at the cutting start position by moving the tool rest 11 toward the second X-axis guide 7a direction, and then the second X-axis guide 7a of the tool rest 11.
Direction to the workpiece side and simultaneous feed to the X-axis guide 4a direction of the intermediate stand 7 to the opposite workpiece side to make a cut in the reference X-axis direction and to the second X-axis guide direction opposite the workpiece side of the tool rest 11. And the simultaneous feed to the first X-axis guide workpiece side of the center stand 7,
Face cutting is performed by combining cutting feed to the upper side in the axial direction.

In this case, the operating area a1 becomes a parallelogram (shown by a thick phantom line) close to a rhombus, and the conventional operating area a1.
It is larger than 2 (indicated by a thin virtual line),
It is possible to process a relatively long distance in the Y-axis direction. When performing turning with the fixed tool T, as described above, the center stand 7
It is possible to combine the cutting feed in the reference X-axis direction by simultaneously feeding the tool and the tool rest 11, but as shown in FIG. 9, it is possible to perform the cutting only by feeding the center stand 7 in the direction of the first X-axis guide 4a. it can. In the latter case, the core height of the fixed tool is further lowered, and there is an advantage that the rigidity on the tool post side is increased. The reference X-axis is not limited to the horizontal direction but changes depending on the bed shape such as slant bed and flat bed.

[0013]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. In the first embodiment, an intermediate base is provided on the first X-axis guide in the horizontal direction (reference X-axis direction) on the saddle so as to be movable and positionable, and the second X is inclined α degrees with respect to the reference X-axis plane on the middle base. A turret is provided on the axis guide so that it can be moved and positioned, and the tool indexing position for the turret is separate for the rotary tool and the fixed tool below this, and is perpendicular to the rotary tool axis centered at the cutting position. Ya axis is the reference X axis and Z
Since the tilt axis is different from the Y axis that is perpendicular to the axis, the Y
As the movement amount of the shaft (Ya axis) increases, the center height of the fixed tool is low, so that the rigidity of the tool post side is increased and powerful turning becomes possible. In the second embodiment, since the first X-axis guide is a guide that is inclined by βa degrees with respect to the reference X-axis plane, the operation area is relatively large and the versatility of machining is enhanced. If the cutting is performed only by the tilting movement of the first X-axis guiding direction, the center height of the fixed tool is further lowered, and the rigidity of the tool post side is increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a combined machining lathe according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a saddle showing two X-axis feed systems of the first embodiment,
It is a cross-sectional view of the middle stand and the periphery of the tool post.

FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a headstock and a tool rest that show the axial center direction (Xa) of the rotary tool indexed to the cutting position of the first embodiment, and the motion in the direction (Ya) perpendicular thereto and the motion range of the cutting edge. It is a side view of a relationship.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a headstock and a tool rest showing the posture and cutting direction of the fixed tool indexed to the cutting position in the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a saddle showing two X-axis feed systems of the second embodiment,
It is a cross-sectional view of the middle stand and the periphery of the tool post.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing the relationship between the headstock and the tool rest, which shows the posture of the rotary tool indexed to the cutting position and the operating region of the cutting edge in the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a headstock and a tool post showing the posture and cutting direction of the fixed tool indexed to the cutting position in the second embodiment.

9 is a side view showing a headstock and a tool rest in an example in which the cutting direction is different from that in FIG. 8. FIG.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a tool post having two X-axis feed systems and a headstock according to a conventional technique, showing a rotary tool indexed to a cutting position and a motion area of a cutting edge.

FIG. 11 is a side view of a tool post having two X-axis feed systems according to the related art and a headstock, showing an indexing roller for a fixed tool at a cutting position.

FIG. 12 is a top view of a prior art machine tool having an independent Y-axis guide.

FIG. 13 is a front view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Headstock 4 Saddle 4a 1st X-axis guide 7 Middle stand 7a 2nd X-axis guide 11 Turret R 14 Turret R Rotary tool T Fixed tool W Workpiece

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A lathe provided with a headstock that can be fixed or moved and positioned in the Z-axis direction and a saddle that can be moved and positioned in the Z-axis direction or fixed can be provided on the upper surface of the saddle so that it can be moved and positioned in the reference X-axis direction. An intermediate stand having an inclination guide of α degrees with respect to the reference X-axis plane, a tool rest provided on the inclination guide of the middle stand so as to be movable and positionable, and swivelable in the Z-axis orthogonal plane to the tool rest. And a turret for indexing the rotary tool to a first cutting position above the reference X-axis passing through the workpiece center and for indexing the fixed tool to a second cutting position on the reference X-axis, respectively. When indexing the X-axis, the center stand is moved to feed the rotary tool in the rotary tool axial direction (Xa) and at the right angle (Y).
The combined machining lathe is characterized in that the feeding of a) is performed by a combined feeding of the intermediate table and the tool post. 2. A lathe including a headstock capable of fixed or Z-axis movable positioning and a saddle capable of Z-axis movable positioning or fixed, on a first inclined guide inclined by βa degrees with respect to a reference X-axis plane of the saddle. And a first base with respect to the reference X-axis plane of the middle base.
A tool rest provided so as to be movable and positionable on a second tilt guide which is tilted by α degrees opposite to the tilt guide, and Z is attached to the tool rest.
A turret which is provided so as to be rotatable in a plane orthogonal to the axis and which indexes the mounting tool to a cutting position on the reference X-axis passing through the center of the workpiece, in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis and the X / Z-axis. Multi-tasking lathe, characterized in that it is fed by the combined feed of the center and the tool post.