JPH0512619U - Patty crate removal device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a particulate remover capable of uniformly cleaning and regenerating a filter. [Structure] A filter provided in an exhaust system for collecting particulates in exhaust gas, and a backwash nozzle for ejecting high pressure air to the filter in a direction opposite to the exhaust gas flow to drop particulates adhering to the filter. In the particulate removing device including the above, the filter 4 is formed so as to have a thickness along the exhaust gas flow, and the backwash nozzles 9a to 9f are provided on the left and right sides of the filter 4 at intervals in the exhaust gas flow direction. And a plurality of these backwash nozzles 9
Control unit 13 for sequentially operating a to f from the upstream side to the downstream side
1. A particulate matter removing device 1 characterized by being provided.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a particulate matter removing device for collecting particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine or the like.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 The exhaust gas of diesel engines contains a high concentration of exhaust particulates (particulates) whose main component is carbon produced by combustion, which causes pollution. For this reason, the exhaust system of a vehicle equipped with a diesel engine is provided with a particulate removal device that collects particulates in exhaust gas with a filter.

In recent years, in order to prevent the filter from being clogged, compressed air (backwash air) is applied to the filter in a direction opposite to the flow of exhaust gas to separate and drop particulates from the filter. Have been developed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-45609 "Particulate trap device", Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-68117 "Diesel engine particulate treatment device", etc.).

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 By the way, in these conventional particulate removers, a single backwash nozzle for ejecting compressed air to the filter is provided on the downstream side of the filter, so that the filter in the vicinity of the backwash nozzle is Although the compressed air acted sufficiently to completely wash and regenerate, the edge of the filter, etc. far from the nozzle was not sufficiently acted on by the compressed air and cleaning and regeneration were incomplete.

An object of the present invention, which was conceived in consideration of the above circumstances, is to provide a particulate removal device capable of uniformly cleaning and regenerating a filter.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a filter provided in an exhaust system for collecting particulates in exhaust gas, and ejects high-pressure air to the filter in a direction opposite to the exhaust gas flow to adhere to the filter. In a particulate remover equipped with a backwash nozzle for dropping particulates, the filter is formed so as to have a thickness along the exhaust gas flow, and the backwash nozzle is provided on each of the left and right sides of the filter. A plurality of control units are provided at intervals in the direction, and a control unit for sequentially operating these backwash nozzles from the upstream side to the downstream side is provided.

[0007]

[Action]

 According to the particulate matter removing device having the above structure, high-pressure air is ejected from the plurality of backwash nozzles toward the left and right sides of the filter. As a result, the high-pressure air acts on the entire filter substantially uniformly, and the entire filter is uniformly washed and regenerated.

The backwash nozzle is sequentially operated by the control unit from the upstream side to the downstream side. During this backwashing, the particulates separated from the filter are carried to the downstream side of the filter along with the exhaust gas flow, so the particulates once separated do not redeposit on the upstream filter again. Therefore, the cleanliness of the filter is increased.

[0009]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a particulate remover 1 for removing particulates from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine, and FIG. 2 is a schematic side view. As shown in the drawing, the diameter of the exhaust pipe line 2 extending from the engine to the muffler is expanded to form a particulate removal chamber 3. A rectangular parallelepiped filter 4 that adheres and collects particulates in the exhaust gas is fitted in the particulate removal chamber 3, and the interior of the particulate removal chamber 3 is vertically moved by the filter 4 and the heater chamber. It is divided into six.

The filter 4 has a structure as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-113087 “Particulate remover” previously proposed by the present applicant. That is, the filter 4 is made of a porous ceramic material having air permeability, and a plurality of exhaust gas passages (not shown) vertically formed so as to communicate with the exhaust introduction chamber 5 and the heater chamber 6. Is equipped with. The upper surface of the filter 4 faces the exhaust gas introduction chamber 5, the lower surface faces the heater chamber 6, and both side surfaces of the filter 4 communicate with the muffler side exhaust pipe 8 via the Y-shaped pipe 7. According to this configuration, the exhaust gas from the engine is guided from the exhaust gas introduction chamber 5 into the exhaust gas passage of the filter 4, and then permeates the passage side portion from the inside of the passage and passes through the Y-shaped pipe 7 to the muffler side exhaust gas. It is discharged to the pipe 8. At this time, in the exhaust gas, the particulates in the exhaust gas are adhered and collected on the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust gas passage of the filter 4, become clean gas, and are discharged to the muffler-side exhaust pipe 8.

In order to separate and drop the particulates adhered and collected on the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust gas passage of the filter 4 from the filter 4, the particulate removal chamber 3 is provided with both left and right side portions of the filter 4. And backwash nozzles 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f for ejecting high-pressure air (hereinafter referred to as backwash air) in the opposite direction to the flow of exhaust gas to both sides of the filter 4 are provided. There is. As shown in FIG. 1, these backwash nozzles 9a to 9f are provided on both left and right sides of the filter 4 at intervals of three along the flow of exhaust gas, six in total. Further, a partition plate 10 is provided inside the filter 4 so as to correspond to these six backwash nozzles 9a to 9f. That is, the inside of the filter 4 is partitioned by the partition plate 10 into six filter units 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, and each of the filter units 4a to 4f includes the six backwash nozzles 9a. It corresponds to ~ f.

The backwash nozzles 9a to 9f are connected to the air tank 12 via electromagnetic opening / closing valves 11a to 11f, respectively. The air tank 12 is supplied with high-pressure air pressurized by a compressor (not shown). The electromagnetic opening / closing valves 11a to 11f are connected to a control unit 13 having a CPU, and the control unit 13 sequentially opens the exhaust gas flow from the upstream side to the downstream side (from the left side to the right side in the figure). It is like this. That is, the six backwash nozzles 9a to 9f sequentially operate from the upstream side to the downstream side.

As shown in FIG. 2, the particulates peeled off from and dropped from the filter 4 by the jet of the backwash air from the backwash nozzles 9 a to 9 f are contained in the heater chamber 6 below the filter 4. An electric heater 14 for incinerating particulates is provided in the heater chamber 6. The electric heater 14 is composed of a heating resistor such as a nichrome wire and is connected to the control unit 13. Then, the operation is controlled by the control unit 13.

Further, inside the Y-shaped pipe 7 on the downstream side of the filter 4, shut valves 15a and 15b for opening and closing the inside of the pipe 7 are provided. These shut valves 15a and 15b are connected to the control unit 13 so as to close the inside of the pipe 7 at the time of backwashing, whereby the backwash nozzles 9a to 9f are backwashed. It is possible to prevent the backwash air ejected from the tank from leaking to the muffler side.

An exhaust temperature sensor 17 for detecting the exhaust gas temperature is provided in the engine-side exhaust pipe 16 upstream of the filter 4. The exhaust gas temperature sensor 17 is connected to the control unit 13 and sends the exhaust gas temperature to the control unit 13 after the engine is started.

The operation of this embodiment having the above configuration will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the exhaust gas from the engine, the particulates in the exhaust gas adhere to and are collected by the filter 4, and become clean gas and flow to the muffler side. The particulates thus attached and collected on the filter 4 are removed from the filter 4 as follows.

When the engine is started, subsequent engine speed and load are transmitted to the control unit 13 as shown in FIG. Then, based on these transmission data, as shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 13 calculates the amount of soot (particulates) trapped in the filter 4. When the calculated value exceeds a preset set value, the control unit 13 gives a valve opening command to the electromagnetic on-off valves 11a to f of the backwash nozzles 9a to f. As a result, the backwash air is ejected from the backwash nozzles 9a to 9f, and the backwash of the filter 4 is performed. At this time, the backwash may be performed when the exhaust gas temperature from the exhaust gas temperature sensor 17 exceeds a set value (600 ° C.). This is done to prevent the particulate matter adhering to the filter 4 from being self-ignited and burned when the exhaust gas temperature exceeds the set value (600 ° C.), so that the filter 4 is melted and damaged. By such backwashing, the particulates adhering to the filter 4 are peeled off and dropped, and are housed in the heater chamber 6 below. After that, the control unit 13 gives an operation command to the electric heater 14 in the heater chamber 6, whereby the particulates in the heater chamber 6 are incinerated.

The backwash step will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. As shown in the figure, when backwashing is started, one of the two shut valves 15a, 15b shown in Fig. 1 is closed (1.5 seconds). Then, 0.2 seconds later, the electromagnetic on-off valves 11a to 11c of the backwash nozzles 9a to 9c on the side where the valve 15a is closed are sequentially opened from the upstream side at 0.4 second intervals. As a result, the backwash nozzles 9a to 9c sequentially eject high-pressure air from the upstream side. After that, the shut valve 15a is opened, and the backwashing and regeneration of the filter units 4a to 4c on one side of the filter 4 are completed. Subsequently, the same control is performed on the shut valve 15b and the electromagnetic on-off valves 11d to f on the opposite side, and the backwash nozzles 9d to f sequentially eject high-pressure air from the upstream side, so that the filter on the opposite side of the filter 4 is ejected. The backwash and regeneration of the units 4d to f are completed. During this backwashing process, the heater 14 is energized from the first opening of the electromagnetic on-off valve 11a, and then energized for 10 minutes.

As described above, according to the particulate remover 1 having the above-described configuration, the backwash air is jetted from the plurality of backwash nozzles 9a to 9f to the left and right sides of the filter 4, respectively, so that the backwash is performed. Air acts on the entire filter 4 substantially uniformly, and the entire filter 4 is uniformly washed and regenerated. Here, in the present device 1, the filter 4 is divided into six filter units 4a to 4f by a partition plate, and the six backwash nozzles 9a to 9f are provided with these six filter units 4a to 4f. Backwash air is jetted for each of ~ f. Therefore, the backwash nozzles 9a to 9f independently wash and regenerate the filter units 4a to 4f, respectively, and the filter 4 is efficiently washed. Further, since the filter 4 is divided into the filter units 4a to 4c and the filter units 4d to 4f on the left and right sides and the backwashing is performed in the left and right order, the backwashing does not interfere with the exhaust gas discharge even during the operation of the engine. can do.

The backwash nozzles 9a to 9f are sequentially operated by the controller 13 from the upstream side to the downstream side. As a result, the filter 4 is sequentially washed and regenerated from the upstream side for each of the filter units 4a to 4f. During this backwashing, the particulates separated from the filter 4 flow along the exhaust gas flow to the downstream side of the filter 4, so the particulates once separated do not reattach to the upstream filter 4 again. .. Therefore, the cleaning degree of the filter 4 is increased. Further, by sequentially operating the backwash nozzles 9a to 9f from the upstream side in this way, the particulates dropped in the heater chamber 6 are moved to the electric heater 14 located in the heater chamber 6 on the downstream side. , Will burn quickly. Therefore, the durability of the electric heater 14 is improved and the power consumption is reduced. Further, by sequentially operating the backwash nozzles 9a to 9f, the air consumption is moderated, and the pressure in the air tank 12 is prevented from being rapidly reduced. Therefore, the durability of the air compressor that supplies the pressurized air to the tank 12 is improved. Further, in the case of the conventional particulate removing device (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-45609 "Particulate trap device" and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-68117 "Diesel engine particulate processing device"), backwash air is used. The structure is provided with two backwash nozzles, one on the left and one on the right, so that the solenoid valve that opens and closes the nozzle is used to open and close the pressure and amount of pressurized air required for the backwash. It was necessary to use a large and expensive one (about 15,000 yen), which was high cost (15000 × 2 = 30000 yen), but in the particulate remover 1 of this embodiment, a plurality of backwash nozzles 9a to 9f are used. Since the individual nozzles 9a to 9f are lightened, it is possible to use a small and inexpensive solenoid valve 11a to 11f (about 2000 yen), which reduces the cost (2000 x 6 = 12000 yen). Can be manufactured.

[0023]

[Effect of the device]

 As described above, according to the particulate matter removing device of the present invention, the excellent effect that the filter can be uniformly washed and regenerated can be exhibited.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a particulate remover showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the particulate removing device.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the particulate matter removing device.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation of backwash control of the particulate matter removing device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing operating times of a shut valve, a backwash solenoid valve, and an electric heater of the particulate removing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Particulate remover 4 Filter 9a-f Backwash nozzle 13 Control unit

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A filter provided in an exhaust system for collecting particulates in exhaust gas, and high-pressure air jetted to the filter in a direction opposite to the exhaust gas flow to drop particulates adhering to the filter. In a particulate remover equipped with a washing nozzle, the filter is formed so as to have a thickness along the exhaust gas flow, and a plurality of backwash nozzles are provided at both left and right sides of the filter at intervals in the exhaust gas flow direction. A particulate matter removing device is provided with a control unit that sequentially operates the backwash nozzles from the upstream side to the downstream side.