JP2514608Y2 - Particulate removal equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a particulate matter removing device for collecting particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine or the like with a filter, and more particularly, to a particulate matter attaching / collecting device to the filter. The present invention relates to a particulate removal device that blows off collected particulates with compressed air.

[Prior Art] The exhaust gas of a diesel engine contains a high concentration of exhaust particulates (particulates) containing carbon produced by combustion as a main component, which causes pollution. For this reason, the exhaust system of a vehicle equipped with a diesel engine is provided with a particulate removal device that collects particulates in the exhaust gas with a filter.

In recent years, in order to prevent the filter from being clogged, a technique has been developed in which compressed air (backwash air) is applied to the filter in a direction opposite to the flow of exhaust gas to separate and drop particulates from the filter. (For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-45609 “Particulate trap device”)
etc). The compressed air is generated by a compressor and is usually used as a working fluid such as a vehicle brake or clutch.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] By the way, backwashing the filter with the compressed air is sufficient to wash the filter to which the particulates are attached, even if the compressed air is ejected in a pulsed manner. In order to do so, a large amount of compressed air is required. For this reason, the amount of compressed air used for actuating the brakes, clutches, etc. becomes relatively small, which may cause malfunction. In addition, the amount of wasteful work of the compressor also increases.

Conversely, the backwashing of the filter using the limited predetermined amount of compressed air cannot sufficiently achieve the washing of the filter.

An object of the present invention, which was devised in view of the above circumstances, is to provide a particulate matter removing device that consumes less compressed air and has a high filter cleaning efficiency when cleaning a filter.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a filter for collecting particulates in exhaust gas in an exhaust system, and a filter in a direction opposite to the exhaust gas is provided to a downstream filter of the filter. Is provided with a backwash nozzle for ejecting compressed air, and a normal wash nozzle for ejecting compressed air to the filter in the same direction as the exhaust gas is provided on the upstream side of the filter.

[Operation] When removing particulates adhering to the filter, compressed air is jetted from the backwash nozzle and the normal wash nozzle to the filter. The compressed air ejected from the backwash nozzle acts on the filter in the direction opposite to the flow of the exhaust gas, and removes the particulates adhering to the filter. Also,
The compressed air ejected from the normal cleaning nozzle acts on the filter in the same direction as the flow of the exhaust gas to further promote the separation of the particulates.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an outline of a particulate removal device 1 for removing particulates from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine. As shown in the figure, the diameter of the exhaust pipe line extending from the engine to the muffler is expanded to form a particulate removal chamber 2. A filter 3 for adhering and collecting particulates in exhaust gas is fitted in the particulate removal chamber 2, and the interior of the particulate removal chamber 2 is vertically moved by the filter 3 to form an exhaust introduction chamber 4 and a heater chamber 5. It is divided into

As shown in FIG. 2, the filter 3 has an upper plate 6 that partitions the exhaust gas introduction chamber 4 side and a lower plate 7 that partitions the heater chamber 5 side.
And a plurality of cylindrical exhaust gas passages 8 formed between the upper plate 6 and the lower plate 7 so as to connect the exhaust gas introduction chamber 4 and the heater chamber 5 to each other. In the filter 3, at least the exhaust gas passage portion 8 is formed of a porous ventilation material (for example, a ceramic porous material).
Therefore, the exhaust gas G introduced into the passage 8 is permeated and discharged from the side portion of the passage 8 to become the clean gas A and flow into the muffler side exhaust pipe 9 (shown in FIG. 1). At this time, the particulates P in the exhaust gas G are attached and collected on the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust gas passage 8.

Further, in the particulate removal chamber 2, the compressed air 10 (hereinafter referred to as backwash air 10) is located at the downstream side of the filter 3 in the direction opposite to the flow of the exhaust gas G to the side portion of the filter 3.
Backwashing nozzle for separating and dropping the particulates P adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust gas passage 8
11 are provided. As shown, this backwash nozzle
11 is composed of two pipes formed in a bifurcated shape,
Injection holes 12 are formed in each pipe so as to correspond to the plurality of exhaust gas passages 8. Also, this backwash nozzle 11
Is connected to an air tank (not shown) that stores compressed air generated by a compressor (not shown), and the opening / closing valve 13 controls the ejection of the backwash air 10.

Located in the exhaust gas introduction chamber 4 on the upstream side of the filter 3, the compressed air 14 (hereinafter referred to as “clean wash air 14”) is jetted to the upper part of the filter 3 in the same direction as the flow of the exhaust gas G,
A normal cleaning nozzle 15 for separating and dropping the particulates P attached to the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust gas passage 8 is provided. As shown in the figure, the normal cleaning nozzle 15 is formed in a pipe shape, and a plurality of injection holes 16 are formed in the side portion of the pipe so as to correspond to the plurality of exhaust gas passages 8. Also,
The normal cleaning nozzle 15 is connected to the air tank, and the opening / closing valve 17 controls the ejection of the normal cleaning air 14.

Further, an opening / closing valve 18 for opening and closing the exhaust pipe 9 is provided in the muffler-side exhaust pipe 9 on the downstream side of the filter 3 so that the backwash air 10 and the normal wash can be used during the backwash or the normal wash. Air 1
In order to prevent the leakage of 4 to the muffler side, the inside of the muffler side exhaust pipe 9 is closed.

By the way, in the engine-side exhaust pipe 19 on the upstream side of the filter 3, rust is generated due to the high temperature of the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe 19, and the rust is separated by vibration or the like.
The rust is a particle having a relatively large diameter and blocks the inlet of the filter 3 to reduce the effect of the filter 3. Therefore, it is necessary to remove this rust. Therefore, a rust collection chamber 20 is provided in the engine side exhaust pipe 19.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rust collecting chamber 20 is formed by being connected to the engine side exhaust pipe at a right angle, and when the exhaust gas G containing rust hits the partition plate 21, the rust R is lowered. It is designed to fall into the rust collection chamber 20 and be collected. The rust R collected in this way is stored in the rust collection chamber 20
By opening the on-off valve 22 provided at the bottom of the pipe and blowing out the rust transfer air 24 from the pipe 23 inserted into the rust collection chamber 20, the rust transfer air is transferred to the rust storage chamber (not shown). ing.

 The operation of this embodiment having the above configuration will be described.

During normal operation, the on-off valve 18 in the muffler side exhaust pipe 9 shown in FIG. 1 is opened. Then, the exhaust gas G from the engine, after the rust R in the exhaust gas G is collected in the rust collecting chamber 20 in the engine-side exhaust pipe 19, the exhaust gas passage 8 of the filter 3 is passed through the exhaust introducing chamber 4. 2 and 3, it permeates and is discharged from the passage side portion of the exhaust gas passage 8 to become the clean gas A and the muffler side exhaust pipe 9
Flows to. At this time, the particulate P in the exhaust gas G
Adhere to and are collected on the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust gas passage 8.

When the filter 3 is clogged due to long-term use, the filter 3 is washed and regenerated as follows.

First, the on-off valve 18 in the muffler side exhaust pipe 9 is closed to prevent the backwash air 10 and the normal wash air 14 from leaking to the muffler side.

Then, the backwash air 10 is intermittently (pulsed) supplied from the backwash nozzle 11 toward the side portion of the filter 3. The backwash air 10 is appropriately ejected from each injection hole 12 provided in the backwash nozzle 11 toward the side portion of each exhaust gas passage 8.
Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the backwashing air 10 permeates into the inside of the exhaust gas passage 8 of the filter 3 from the outside of the exhaust gas passage 8 in the direction opposite to that of the exhaust gas G. 8 The particulate P adhering to the inner peripheral surface peels off.
… [Backwash cleaning] Immediately after this backwash cleaning is completed, the normal wash nozzle is used.
The cleansing air 14 is intermittently (pulsed) supplied from 15 to the upper part of the filter 3. The cleansing air 14 is accurately ejected from the injection holes 16 provided in the cleansing nozzle 15 toward the upper portion of each exhaust gas passage 8. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the normal cleaning air 14 separates the particulates P adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust gas passage 8 of the filter 3,
It is paid off downward. [Normal wash cleaning] During this normal wash cleaning, the particulate P is lifted from the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust gas passage 8 by the above-mentioned backwash cleaning and is in a state where it is extremely easily peeled off. Can be peeled off and dropped.

As a result, the consumption of compressed air (backwash air 10 and normal wash air 14) used when washing and regenerating the filter 3 can be significantly reduced. Therefore, the amount of wasteful work of the compressor that generates compressed air can be reduced. Further, since this compressed air is normally used as an auxiliary working fluid such as a brake and a clutch, the reliability of these operations will be improved.

Further, since the above-mentioned normal cleaning is performed immediately after the back cleaning, immediately after the back cleaning, it is separated by the back cleaning air 10 and soars upward in the exhaust gas passage 8 to the top of the filter 3 shown in FIG. Particulate P to be laminated on the plate 6
Can be reliably dropped to the heater chamber 5 below by the normal cleaning air 14.

In this embodiment, the normal washing is performed after the back washing, but this order may be reversed, or the back washing and the normal washing may be performed at the same time. The washing and the normal washing may be alternately performed in a pulsed manner.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the particulate matter removing device of the present invention, it is possible to improve the cleaning efficiency of the filter while reducing the consumption of compressed air used for cleaning the filter. It can exert excellent effects.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a particulate remover showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a filter of the particulate remover, and FIG. 3 is a view of collecting particulates by the filter. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing the filter when it is backwashed, and FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing the filter when it is backwashed. In the figure, 1 is a particulate remover, 3 is a filter,
10 is backwash air, 11 is backwash nozzle, 14 is normal wash air, 15 is normal wash nozzle, G is exhaust gas, and P is particulate.

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A filter for collecting particulates in exhaust gas is provided in an exhaust system, and a backwash nozzle for ejecting compressed air to the filter in a direction opposite to the exhaust gas is provided downstream of the filter. A particulate removal device, characterized in that a normal washing nozzle for ejecting compressed air to the filter in the same direction as the exhaust gas is provided on the upstream side of the device.