JPH0512159Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention is designed to install an ice-breaking structure in the bow section of a small ship with a normal bow shape that navigates in water, so that it can efficiently navigate through ice floes, frozen seas, and other waters. This relates to a small icebreaker that is detachably attached to the icebreaker.

[Prior Art] Few small vessels that sail in waters have ice-resistant and ice-breaking functions for navigating through ice areas such as drift ice or frozen seas in winter, and generally have a bow outside with a normal bow shape. Depending on how thick the board is,
It ensures ice resistance and ice-breaking properties in icy areas to prevent damage to the hull.

In addition, ice resistance and ice-breaking properties are generally required for ships only for navigation in winter, and optimal design is performed for operational performance in normal waters, so ice resistance and ice-breaking properties in ice areas are required. I don't have it.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 17, a full-scale icebreaker a has a bow part b at an angle of about 30 degrees to the horizontal plane.
The bow of the ship runs aground on the ice plate h and uses its own weight to push the ice plate h downwards and break it.
42017, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 56-39989).

Furthermore, it has been proposed that some icebreakers be equipped with an ice-breaking auxiliary device consisting of a support mechanism c and an injection nozzle f in the bow part b (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1983-1999-1).
39989).

In the figure, e indicates a nozzle support device, and g indicates a guide plate.

Furthermore, a V-shaped groove is provided at the rear end of an ice-breaking structure that includes a floating body, keel, ice-breaking section, etc., and the bow of the ship is fitted into it, and the two are welded or connected with cables so that they can move relative to each other, and their buoyancy is used to break the ice. A technique has been proposed to crush ice by pushing it up.
33901).

[Problems that the invention aims to solve] By the way, the bow shape of conventional small vessels has not been designed to improve ice-breaking efficiency, and the ice-breaking ability and propulsion efficiency in ice areas such as drifting ice and icy seas have not been improved. Because of this, the horsepower of the propulsion engine had to be increased, and fuel consumption was also high.

Furthermore, if the bow shape of a small vessel is made to match that of a full-fledged icebreaker, its icebreaking capability and propulsive efficiency in icy areas such as drifting ice and icy seas will improve, but its propulsive efficiency in normal ice areas without drifting ice or ice sheets will decrease.

For this reason, compared to a ship with a normal bow shape, the ship's speed was lower for the same horsepower, and there was a problem in that the engine horsepower needed to be increased to maintain the same speed.

[Purpose of the invention] The present invention was developed in order to avoid problems in ship maneuvering and to obtain optimal propulsion efficiency when navigating between ice areas such as drift ice and ordinary water for small vessels. In order to obtain a bow part for the purpose of improving ice-breaking ability that is used only when navigating in ice areas such as ice areas, the bow part is easily attached and detached near the water line of the bow part, and is used only when navigating in ice areas such as drift ice and ice seas. In order to improve the propulsion efficiency of the ship, an ice-breaking structure, which is extremely small compared to the ship's hull, is firmly attached to the bow. It provides small icebreakers.

[Summary of the invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes mounting means arranged symmetrically with respect to the hull centerline on both sides of the bow near the waterline of a small vessel navigating in waters;
The rear end of the deck and bottom plate and the rear side plate are formed in a concave shape so that they are in full contact with the bow outer plating, and the bottom part rises forward, straddling the water line, and runs onto the ice using the ship's propulsion. and an ice-breaking structure that is wedge-shaped and whose width decreases toward the front and whose attachment part has a width that is almost the same as the hull, and the ice-breaking structure is attached to the bow of the small vessel when navigating in an ice area. When navigating through drift ice, the vessel has good ice-breaking ability and propulsion efficiency.When navigating in normal water, the ice-breaking structure configured above can be removed and the vessel can be used normally. It has the shape of a bow.

[Embodiment] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the process of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a layout diagram of the first embodiment of the mounting means, Fig. 4 is a layout diagram of the second embodiment of the mounting means, and Figs. 5 to 7. Fig. 3 shows a detailed view of the watertight recess in the embodiment, and Fig. 6 shows A in Fig. 5.
-A sectional view, FIG. 7 is a B-B side view of FIG. 5, FIGS. 8 to 13 are detailed structural diagrams of the ice-breaking structure, and FIG. FIG. 15 shows a detailed view of the fastening means, and FIG. 16 shows a detailed view of the fastening means of the second embodiment of the attachment means of FIG.

First, regarding the detailed structure of the ice-breaking structure 3, the side view in FIG. 8, the plan view in FIG. 9, and the detailed structure in FIG.
11 (BB sectional view in Figure 9), Figure 12 (CC sectional view in Figure 9), and Figure 13 (D-- The explanation will be based on the cross-sectional view (D).

The center of the ice-breaking structure 3 is composed of vertically arranged vertical members 12, and the vertical members 12 are fixed to a flat plate by welding or the like with stiffening members 13 made of flat bars or angle members arranged at required intervals. It is designed to provide rigidity and strength.

The top of the ice-breaking structure 3 is composed of a deck 14, and the deck 14 has an arc-shaped recess that engages with the shape of the bow shell for a long period of time in contact with the bow so that the deck 14 can be firmly attached to the bow. The front part has a concave arc shape, and if necessary, stiffeners 1 are installed at required intervals.
3 is fixed by welding or the like to obtain rigidity and strength. Furthermore, manholes 20 are provided at required positions.

Further, the bottom of the ice-breaking structure 3 includes a horizontal bottom plate 16 at the rear and a wedge-shaped bottom plate 15 at the front. The horizontal bottom plate 16 has an arc-shaped recess whose rear end engages with the shape of the bow outer plate to ensure a long contact with the bow so that it can be firmly attached to the bow, and the wedge-shaped bottom plate 15 has a shape that extends from the bottom of the vertical member 12. It has a slope in the center that rises from side to side, and has a wedge-shaped surface that rises forward, straddling the water line d, and decreases in width towards the front. It is constructed with enough strength and thickness to take into account the impact load and abrasion resistance when the ice is pushed down and broken by its own weight. In particular, it is optimal for ice-breaking performance to configure the wedge-shaped bottom plate 15 so that the angle between it and the water line d is approximately 30 degrees.

The side plates 17 and 18 of the ice-breaking structure 3 are connected to the deck 1.
4 and a bottom portion formed by the horizontal bottom plate 16 and the wedge-shaped bottom plate 15 are configured to be substantially symmetrically enclosed.

On the other hand, the side plate 19 of the ice-breaking structure 3 is configured to follow the shape of the bow part outer plate 8a so as to be in full contact with the bow part in order to be able to be strongly connected to the bow part. As mentioned above, the deck 14, the horizontal bottom plate 1
6. The wedge-shaped bottom plate 15, the side plates 17 and 18, and the side plates 19 constitute the outer shape of the watertight ice-breaking structure 3. As shown in FIGS. 14a and 14b, through-holes 21 are provided at required positions in the side plate 19 for connecting the bow outer plate 8a and the ice-breaking structure 3.

In addition, a horizontal bottom plate 16, a wedge-shaped bottom plate 15, a side plate 1
7, 18, and 19 are configured to obtain rigidity and strength by fixing stiffeners at required intervals by welding or the like, if necessary. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, hanging pieces 22 are provided at required positions on the deck 14 so that they can be used when mounting the ice-breaking structure 3.

The ice-breaking structure 3 is attached to the bow and has the size of only the ice-breaking part that runs aground on the ice, and compared to the small ship 2, it is almost the same in the width direction as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In the height direction, both the upper and lower ends are near the water line and are very short, and in the longitudinal direction, only the length of the attachment part with the small boat 2 (horizontal bottom plate 16) and the wedge-shaped part (wedge-shaped bottom plate 15) are the same. And it's extremely small.

Next, a first embodiment of the attachment means and the fastening means will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7 and FIGS. 14a and 14b.

A plurality of the attachment means 5 are arranged approximately symmetrically around the hull center line so that the attachment means 5 can be firmly attached to the bow part 4 of the small boat 2, and the ice-breaking structure 3 can be attached so as to straddle above and below the water line d. It is placed in a suitable position. This attachment means 5 is attached to the outer plate 8a of the bow section 4.
A mounting eye plate 7a is constructed by a recessed outer plate 8 to form a watertight pyramid-shaped recess 6 having a diagonal line in the vertical direction, and an eye 7 for mounting is provided approximately in the center of the recess 6. It is configured in a fixed manner.

Note that this attachment means 5 may also be provided to serve as the internal frame 7b of the bow section 4.

Further, the fastening means 9 includes a bolt with a hook 10 and a nut with a flange 11 as shown in FIGS. 14a and 14b.
It is composed of.

That is, the ice-breaking structure 3 is inserted into the hook bolt 1 of the fastening means 9 through the through-hole 21 provided in the side plate 19 of the ice-breaking structure 3 disposed on the bow 4 of the small boat 2.
0 and the flanged nut 11 to attach the eye plate 7a for attachment in the recess 6 of the attachment means 5 of the first embodiment.
are strongly connected. Note that 19a is a seat provided on the side plate 19.

Next, the structure of a second embodiment of the attachment means and the fastening means will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4, 15 and 16.

This attachment means 5a has a water line d so that the ice-breaking structure 3 can be firmly attached to the bow part 4 of the small boat 2.
It is almost vertically symmetrical, and is installed and fixed almost horizontally and symmetrically with respect to the ship's center line. The mounting means 5a is a substantially horizontal collar 5a made of a flat bar or an angle bar, and mounting eyes 7b are formed in the collar 5a at required intervals.

Further, the fastening means 9a is composed of a tightening bolt 23 and a nut 24.

With the configuration described above, the vessel can be used as a small icebreaker for navigating in ice areas in winter instead of as a normal small vessel for navigating in water.

That is, when the ice-breaking structure 3 is transported to the bow section 4 of the small boat 2 using a lifting device (not shown) and firmly tied to the bow section 4, the ice-breaking structure 3 becomes a small boat breaker.

Note that when the ice-breaking structure 3 is not installed in the recess 6 provided in the bow portion 4 of the small boat 2, the shape of the bow can be easily maintained by filling the recess 6 with cement or the like.

Further, the ice-breaking structure 3 may be integrally molded from prestressed concrete, foamed resin material, or a composite material thereof, and the fastening means 9, 9a are
Other fastening devices such as tambuckles may also be used.

[Effects of the invention] As described above, the small icebreaker of the invention exhibits various excellent effects as described below.

(1) An ice-breaking structure with a concave rear end surface so as to have a wide surface contact with the bow of an ordinary small vessel, with simple attachment means installed symmetrically on both sides above and below the waterline of the bow of a normal small vessel, is used as a fastening means. A small icebreaker with ice breaking and ice removal performance can be easily obtained by firmly fastening the ice breaker.

(2) Since the ice-breaking structure is easy to attach and detach, the shape of the bow can be selected depending on the water area and ice area.

(3) When maintaining the same operating performance in drift ice, it is possible to reduce engine horsepower, reduce engine weight,
Reduction in engine capacity, reduction in engine unit cost, reduction in fuel consumption, etc. can be achieved.

(4) The ice-breaking structure is very small compared to the ship's hull and is firmly attached, so it is easy to install and remove, and there is no problem with ship operation.

(5) Construction costs are lower than building ice-breaking vessels exclusively for ice areas.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a layout diagram of the first embodiment of the mounting means, Fig. 4 is a second embodiment of the mounting means, and Figs. 5 to 7 are the embodiment of Fig. 3. A detailed view of the watertight recess in the example, Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is a detailed view of the watertight recess.
The figure is a sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 5, Figures 8 to 13 are detailed views of the ice-breaking structure, Figures 14a and b are detailed views of the first embodiment of the fastening means, and Figures 15 and 16 are detailed views of the ice-breaking structure. A detailed view of the second embodiment of the fastening means, FIG. 17, shows a conventional example. In the diagram, 2...Small ship, 3...Ice-breaking structure, 4
...Fore part, 5... Attachment means, 5a... Tsuba, 6...
... recess, 7 ... eye for installation, 7a ... eye plate for installation, 7b ... eye for installation, 8 ... recess outer plate, 8a ... outer plate, 9 ... tightening means, 10 ... bolt with hook , 11...Flanged nut, 15
... Wedge-shaped bottom plate, 16 ... Horizontal bottom plate, 21 ... Through hole, 23 ... Tightening bolt, 24 ... Nut.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) Attachment means arranged symmetrically with respect to the hull centerline on both sides of the bow near the waterline of a small vessel navigating in waters, and at the rear end of the deck and bottom plate. The rear side plate is formed in a concave shape so that it is in full contact with the bow outer plating, and has a bottom that faces forward and rises across the water line, and runs onto the ice with the propulsion of the vessel, and has a bottom that faces forward and rides on the ice. The ice-breaking structure is wedge-shaped with a reduced width and has an attachment part that is approximately the same width as the ship's hull, and includes a fastening means for attaching the ice-breaking structure to the bow of the small vessel when navigating in an ice area. A small icebreaker characterized by: (2) The attachment means includes watertight recesses arranged approximately symmetrically on both sides of the hull near the waterline of the bow;
The small icebreaker according to claim 1, wherein the small icebreaker is characterized in that the attachment means includes an eye plate for attachment fixedly installed in the recess. (3) The attachment means includes a flange fixed symmetrically on both sides above and below the waterline and approximately horizontally on the outer skin of the bow near the waterline, and mounting eyes formed in the flange at required intervals. A small icebreaker according to claim 1 of the utility model registration claim, which is a mounting means comprising: (4) The small icebreaker according to claim 1, wherein the fastening means includes a bolt with a hook and a nut with a flange. (5) The small icebreaker according to claim 1, wherein the fastening means includes a tightening bolt and a nut.