JPH0511925B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation method and a device directly used for its implementation.

[Conventional technology]

Hydroponic cultivation is a method of growing the roots of the plant in a hydroponic solution, but the equipment usually requires a large installation area, equipment costs and lining costs are high, and a large amount of hydroponic solution is required. In addition, since the roots are constantly immersed in the hydroponic solution, they are relatively susceptible to diseases, and as a matter of course, it is not possible to directly control pests and diseases on the roots themselves. The present invention has been proposed for the purpose of solving these drawbacks and installing the cultivation device in a narrow space to easily and economically carry out hydroponic cultivation.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention, seeds are sown, bulbs are planted, or Transplant the seedlings and use the rotating cultivation tower a.
By spouting and dispersing the hydroponic liquid in the upper part of the rotary cultivation towers a and a', the hydroponic liquid is caused to flow down along the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the rotary cultivation towers a and a', and to permeate into the material and ooze out. The content is to infiltrate and exude into the flat parts 3 and 4, and to rotate the rotary cultivation towers a and a' appropriately. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention comprises a ceramic cylinder body 1 formed by connecting flat parts 3 and 4 having outer peripheral flanges 5 and 6;
2, and a nozzle 24 installed in the upper part of the rotary cultivation towers a, a' for spraying and spraying a hydroponic solution. It is.

[Effect]

According to the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention, seeds are sown, bulbs are planted, or seedlings are transplanted onto a flat part that is connected to the peripheral wall of a ceramic cylinder and has an outer flange, and at the same time, a hydroponic liquid is applied in the upper part of the rotary cultivation tower. The plant can be easily cultivated by spouting, appropriately rotating the rotary cultivation tower, and then carrying out the necessary cultivation management. Moreover, according to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, the above-mentioned cultivation can be carried out with a simple apparatus.

【Example】

The illustrated embodiment will be described below. 1 and 2 are ceramic cylinders, which are made by mixing organic clay with 4 to 8% of siliceous ceramic porous material as a hygroscopic material, or by mixing organic clay with about 10 mm of dried coconut husk fiber as a hygroscopic material. A mixture of 0.8 to 1.2% cut to 750 to
It was obtained by firing at 850℃. The ceramic cylindrical bodies 1 and 2 are made of the same material as described above, and are formed by applying a watertight surface layer on the outer peripheral surface with glaze, etc. Expanded outer peripheral flange 5,
6 are connected in a row and have the same diameter. Furthermore, the above-mentioned materials of the ceramic cylinders 1 and 2, except for the above-mentioned watertight surface layer, are capable of penetrating and exuding a hydroponic solution, which is important in the present invention. However, whereas the ceramic cylindrical body 1 is tall and has a plurality of downward recessed notches 7 at the lower end of its peripheral wall at required intervals, the ceramic cylindrical body 2 is short and has recessed notches 7 at the lower end of its peripheral wall. has not been established. 8 indicates the material and diameter of the ceramic cylindrical body 1,
The lid is the same as 2, and there is a circular hole 10 in the center of the top plate 9.
In addition, downward concave notches 11 are provided at the lower end of the peripheral wall at required intervals. 12 is a base; 13 is a liquid receiving container mounted thereon; 14 is the base 1 fitted with the liquid receiving container 13 with the top openings 13' and 14' aligned with each other;
This rotary table 1 is rotatably mounted on the rotary table 2.
4 is a wheel 15 and a base 1 which are pivotally supported at the lower end of the peripheral wall.
The base 1 is assembled with wheels 16 that are pivotally supported on the upright wall 12' of 2.
It is rotatably supported on 2. The rotary table 14 is equipped with a gear 17 on its outer peripheral surface,
A worm gear 20 of a drive shaft 19 rotated by a motor 18 is meshed with the gear 17.
Therefore, the turntable 14 can rotate as the drive shaft 19 rotates. The ceramic cylindrical body 2 is placed on the rotary table 14 with the outer flange 6 facing upward, and a plurality of ceramic cylindrical bodies 1 are mounted on the rotating table 14 with the outer flange 6 facing upward.
The ceramic cylinders 1 are stacked one after another with the top facing upward, and a lid 8 is mounted on the topmost ceramic cylinder 1, thereby forming rotary cultivation towers a and a'. The worm gears 20 are located at the tip and center of the drive shaft 19, and the one on the tip side is connected to the rotating cultivation tower a.
Furthermore, the one in the center is connected to the rotary cultivation tower a', so that both the rotary cultivation towers a and a' are rotated simultaneously in the same direction by the motor 18. Reference numeral 21 denotes a liquid distribution pipe that is connected to a hydroponic liquid tank (not shown) via a flow control valve and supplies the hydroponic liquid by a pump. Insert the inner end nozzle 24
Hydroponic liquid is sprayed and sprayed onto the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the lid body 8. The hydroponic liquid sprayed and sprayed on the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the lid body 8 is
It flows down along the inner surface of the peripheral wall and the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the stacked ceramic cylinders 1, and flows down while penetrating and exuding into those materials. It penetrates into the flat parts 3, 4 surrounded by the brim 5, 6 through the downward concave notches 11, 7, or seeps out from the material of the surrounding wall, so that the upper surface of the flat parts 3, 4 is always It is kept at least moist with a hydroponic solution. The hydroponic liquid that has flowed down as described above is stored in the liquid receiving container 13 through the upper surface openings 13' and 14', and when the stored hydroponic liquid reaches a predetermined liquid level or higher, the liquid is returned to the liquid return port. The liquid is returned to the hydroponic liquid tank through a pipe 25 and a liquid return pipe 26. This liquid return pipe 26 penetrates the base 12 of the rotary cultivation tower a', and its tip is inserted into the base 12 of the rotary cultivation tower a.
5 protrudes into the liquid receiving container 13 in the rotating cultivation towers a and a'. 27 is the center of the bottom of the liquid receiving container 13 and the branch pipe 2
2 and 23, and the upper ends thereof are designed to allow the branch pipes 22 and 23 to rotate together with the rotating cultivation towers a and a' without any problem. To cultivate a plant using the device having the above configuration, seeds of the plant are sown or bulbs are placed on the flat parts 3 and 4 surrounded by the outer flanges 5 and 6 of the ceramic cylinders 1 and 2, and The seedlings grown in the desired seedbed are supported and planted by appropriate means, and the hydroponic solution is sprayed from the nozzle 24 as described above, so that the hydroponic solution penetrates and exudes into the flat areas 3 and 4. , the upper surfaces of the flat parts 3 and 4 are kept at least in a wet state at all times. As a result, the plant germinates, grows, and spreads its roots in the flat parts 3 and 4, and also extends its roots through the downward recessed parts 11 and 7 and also spreads on the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the ceramic cylinders 1 and 2. It turns out. Thereafter, according to the growth of the plant, the amount of sprayed hydroponic solution is adjusted as appropriate, and conventional cultivation management is performed. In the above, the rotary cultivation towers a and a' are operated by motor 1
8 rotates constantly or intermittently via a drive shaft 19, so that the plants being cultivated around the rotating cultivation towers a and a' receive even sunlight evenly, and when the plants are arranged in a row. make it grow Since the ceramic cylinders 1 and 2 are formed with a watertight surface layer on their outer circumferential surfaces by applying glaze or the like, at least the hydroponic liquid does not evaporate through the outer circumferential surfaces. Harvesting a cultivated plant can be easily done by grasping the stem and simply pulling. This is because the roots can be easily peeled off from the inner surfaces of the rotary cultivation towers a, a', and this is because the rotary cultivation towers a, a' are made of ceramic cylinders 1, 2 having the above composition. In the above embodiment, two rotary cultivation towers are installed in series, but it goes without saying that more rotation cultivation towers can be installed in series, and conversely, one rotary cultivation tower may be installed individually. Furthermore, the supply of the hydroponic solution may be carried out by inserting, for example, a liquid distribution pipe from the base into an upright position for each rotary cultivation tower, and attaching a required nozzle to the upper end of the pipe for spraying.

【Effect of the invention】

As is clear from the above description, the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention provides the following effects. Seeds are sown, bulbs are planted, or seedlings are transplanted onto the flat part connected to the peripheral wall of the ceramic cylinder forming the rotary cultivation tower, and a hydroponic solution is sprayed at the top of the rotary cultivation tower, and the hydroponic solution is mixed with the above-mentioned water. By infiltrating and exuding into flat areas and appropriately rotating the rotary cultivation tower, the plants can be easily cultivated in uniform growth conditions by simply performing conventional cultivation management. It is easy to permeate the hydroponic solution into flat areas, adjust the amount of seepage, and adjust its temperature. Since the roots are not immersed in the hydroponic solution, it is less susceptible to various diseases compared to conventional hydroponic cultivation methods, and the entire plant, including its roots, can be controlled. Because the roots are exposed to the air, the growth rate is better than when grown in soil, and experiments have shown that the growth rate is about twice as high. Since the rotary cultivation tower is a ceramic cylinder, the cultivated plants can be easily harvested by grasping and pulling the stems, and therefore, the rotary cultivation tower can be used repeatedly. be. By adjusting the amount of sprayed hydroponic fluid, the amount that permeates and oozes into the flat area can be adjusted, so a wide range of cultivation is possible, from orchids that prefer dry conditions to ferns that prefer wet conditions, and paddy rice cultivation. be. Moreover, according to the apparatus of the present invention, the cultivation method of the present invention as described above can be carried out easily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are for explaining embodiments of the method and apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the entire apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of one of the rotary cultivation towers, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of the lid and two types of ceramic cylinders forming the rotary cultivation tower. a, a'... Rotating cultivation tower, 1, 2... Ceramic cylinder, 5, 6... Outer flange, 3, 4... Flat part, 2
4... Nozzle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Sowing seeds,
After planting bulbs or transplanting seedlings, a hydroponic solution is sprayed in the upper part of the rotary cultivation tower, and the hydroponic solution is allowed to flow down along the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the rotary cultivation tower, and permeate into the material and ooze out. A hydroponic cultivation method characterized by infiltrating and exuding into the flat area and appropriately rotating a rotary cultivation tower. 2. A rotary cultivation tower made by stacking ceramic cylinders each having a flat part with an outer periphery flange, and a nozzle installed in the upper part of the rotary cultivation tower and spraying a hydroponic solution. A hydroponic cultivation device characterized by: