JPH0511773U - Engine driven self-excited synchronous generator and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] The present invention provides an engine-driven self-excited synchronous generator and its device that obtains a useful signal by using a permanent magnet for initial excitation and outputs a signal according to the type of load. Is intended to provide. [Structure] In an engine-driven self-excited synchronous generator in which the permanent magnet for initial excitation (10) is embedded in the surface of the magnetic pole of the rotor (8), one or only one corresponding to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet for initial excitation (10) or It comprises a plurality of signal windings (6, 17) and a load power factor determination circuit (18) for determining the type of load connected to the output winding (3).

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

  The present invention is an engine drive in which a permanent magnet for initial excitation is embedded in the magnetic pole surface of the rotor. In the self-excited synchronous generator, the signal corresponding to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet for the initial excitation. Engine driven self-excited synchronous generator in which winding is wound around stator and device therefor It is about.

[0002]

[Prior art]

  Unlike a separately excited generator, it is difficult for a self-excited generator to raise its own voltage. In general, the voltage is raised using the residual magnetism. This residual magnetism remains However, the voltage does not rise if there is no residual magnetism.

[0003]   As the initial excitation means, the voltage is reliably raised regardless of the presence or absence of residual magnetism. , For example, in the case of a field rotating type, as shown in FIG. The permanent magnet 10 is embedded in the center of the I am trying to launch.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

  This permanent magnet 10 is required only for a moment when the voltage rises, and is not necessary thereafter. It is important to note that since it is installed as a component of the generator, it can be used for other effective purposes. desired.

[0005]   The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and cancels the magnetic flux generated by the field winding. The signal winding that responds to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is part of the slot of the stator. Of the engine drive that effectively uses the voltage generated in the signal winding. An object of the present invention is to provide an excited synchronous generator and its device.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]   In order to achieve the above object, the engine-driven self-excited synchronous generator of the present invention is the first. A permanent magnet (10) for initial excitation is used for engine drive in which the magnetic pole surface of the rotor (8) is embedded. In the self-excited synchronous generator,   The magnetic flux generated by the field winding (9) is canceled by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet (10) for initial excitation. Signal windings (6) wound in slots of the stator (1) according to the bundle   It is characterized by having.

[0007]

【Example】

  FIG. 1 is a partial structural explanatory view of a stator and a rotor according to the present invention.   The output winding 3 is wound around the slot 2 formed in the stator 1 and The tooth portion 4 and the slot formed by the slots 2-1 and 2-2 around which the force winding 3 is wound. The signal winding 6 has several turns on the tooth portion 5 formed by the lots 2-2 and 2-3. It is wound one by one.

[0008]   The winding start comrades of the signal winding 6 respectively wound around the tooth portions 4 and 5 are connected, and The winding ends A and B of the gnall winding 6 are taken out as output terminals.   Fig. 2 shows a winding diagram of an embodiment of a stator. The machine's one is shown.

[0009]   The output winding 3 is wound around 2/3 of the 30 slots, and the excitation winding 7 is wound around 1/3 thereof. It has been turned. A part of the slot around which the output winding 3 is wound has the structure described in FIG. The gnall winding 6 is wound.

[0010]   A rotor 8 is rotatably provided inside the stator 1, and the rotor 8 has a magnetic field. A winding 9 is wound, and a permanent magnet 10 is embedded in the surface of the center of the magnetic pole.   When the shaft 11 is rotated by an engine (not shown), the rotor 8, the permanent magnet 10 rotates, and a voltage is induced in the excitation winding 7. This excitation winding An exciting current flows through the field winding 9 by the voltage generated at 7. Therefore, a voltage is generated in the output winding 3, and the voltage rises.

[0011]   On the other hand, after the voltage rises on the output winding 3, the sig- nals wound around the teeth 4 and 5 respectively. Regarding the null winding 6, the voltage generated by the magnetic flux of the field winding 9 is in the same direction. Since they occur in the direction of, the signal windings 6 cancel each other. As a result, signal winding The voltage generated between the output terminals A and B of the line 6 is the magnetic flux drawn by the solid line by the field winding 9. , And depends on the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 10 embedded in the magnetic pole.

[0012]   When the N and S poles of the permanent magnet 10 are embedded as shown in FIG. The direction indicated by the one-dot chain line by the permanent magnet 10 when rotating in the total direction A turning magnetic flux is generated in the A voltage is induced in the direction in which the current flows. Therefore, the output terminal A of the signal winding 6, This added voltage is generated between B.

[0013]   The phase of the voltage generated between the output terminals A and B of the signal winding 6 is It is determined by a mechanical positional relationship between the signal winding 6 and the winding position of the signal winding 6.   Also, since the signal winding 6 is wound between the adjacent slots, the output winding The current flowing in 3 also cancels out like the case of the field winding 9 described above. It has no influence on the voltage generated between the output terminals A and B of the signal winding 6. Hateful.

[0014]   FIG. 3 shows an output waveform diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, which is obtained at the rated load (power factor = 1). These are the experimental results.   In the figure, is the output voltage of the output winding 3, and is the output terminal A of the signal winding 6, Is the voltage between B and represents the position signal of the rotor 8, respectively.

[0015]   As can be seen from the figure, the output pulse appearing between the output terminals A and B of the signal winding 6. Can be clearly distinguished from other noises by being less affected by others.   The output pulse of this signal is, as described above, the relevant sign of the rotor 8 and the stator 1. Since the mechanical position with respect to the slot in which the winding 6 is wound is shown, The number of output pulses per cycle by extracting force pulses, that is, 1 pulse / 1 A periodic signal can be obtained.

[0016]   FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of an embodiment for obtaining a signal of 1 pulse / 1 cycle. 6 corresponds to that of FIG. Reference numeral 13 is a half-wave rectifier circuit, and 14 is a level detection circuit. , 15 is a half-wave rectifier circuit, and 16 is an AND circuit.

[0017]   Since the voltage waveform shown in FIG. 3 is generated in the output winding 3, the half-wave rectifier circuit 1 By passing through 3, it is possible to obtain only a positive voltage waveform, for example.   In the signal winding 6, a voltage waveform having the above output pulse shown in FIG. 3 is generated. Therefore, the positive and negative values below the level of the output pulse and above the maximum noise level By passing through the level detection circuit 14 that clamps at the level, Positive and negative pulses are obtained. The positive and negative pulse corresponding to this output pulse is further half-wave rectified. By passing through the path 15, only the positive pulse corresponding to the output pulse can be obtained. . In this way, each signal obtained from the half-wave rectifier circuits 13 and 15 is processed by the AND circuit 16. By taking AND, a signal of 1 pulse / 1 cycle is obtained.

[0018]   The 1-pulse / 1-cycle signal thus obtained is used, for example, in the ignition tie of the engine. By using it as a signal for pulsing (pulsing), Simplification is possible and cost reduction can be expected.

[0019]   Also, if the number of pulses per unit time is integrated, the number of rotations can be detected. Therefore, it can be applied to governor control.   By providing a plurality of signal windings 6 evenly on the circumference of the stator 1, It can also be used as an encoder. The resolution in this case is 360 degrees / signal It is the number of turns. For example, in the 30-slot stator shown in FIG. Up to 30 signal windings 6 can be provided, and if 30 signal windings 6 are provided, Use as an encoder corresponding to a resolution of 360 degrees / 30, or 12 degrees Is possible.

[0020]   FIG. 5 shows a winding diagram of an embodiment of a stator in which two signal windings are wound. .   Output winding 3, excitation winding 7 and signal winding wound around each slot of the stator 1. Line 6 is similar to that of FIG. 2, with signal winding 17 at the center of excitation winding 7. It is wound by the winding method described in FIG. The signal winding 6 is in the output winding 3. It goes without saying that it is wound around the central part.

[0021]   Experiment of generator by combining stator 1 shown in FIG. 5 and rotor 8 shown in FIG. The results are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.   FIG. 6 (I) shows an output waveform diagram of one embodiment when the power factor = 1, 2/4 load, 6 (II) shows an output waveform diagram of one embodiment when the power factor = 1, 4/4 load, and FIG. I shows the output waveform diagram of one embodiment when the power factor is 0.2 lag and the load is 4/4, and FIG. II) shows the output waveform diagram of one embodiment when the power factor = 0.2 advanced phase and 4/4 load.

[0022]   In the figure, corresponds to that of FIG. 3, and is the output voltage of the signal winding 17. It   From each of the waveform diagrams of FIGS. 6 and 7, the positive or negative half of the output voltage 1/2 cycle of the output winding 3 is obtained. Focusing on the number of output pulses of the signal windings 6 and 17 appearing in the wave, as shown in Table 1, Become.

[0023]

[Table 1]

[0024]   Therefore, the level of the output voltage of the signal windings 6 and 17 is detected for a certain period of time, and the level is detected. By counting the number of pulses of, it is possible to discriminate between three modes of slow phase, in-phase (resistance), and advanced phase. be able to.

[0025]   FIG. 8 shows the configuration of an embodiment of the load power factor determination circuit, and reference numerals 6 and 17 in FIG. It corresponds to one. Reference numeral 18 is a load power factor determination circuit, and 19 and 20 are pulse detection times. , 21 and 22 are counters, and 23 is a judgment circuit.

[0026]   The pulse detection circuits 19 and 20 are circuits excluding the signal winding 7 described in FIG. The pulse number signal per one cycle from the pulse detection circuits 19 and 20 Is output.

[0027]   The counters 21 and 22 have pulse detection circuits 19 and 2 for a certain fixed period, for example, 1 second. It counts 1 pulse / 1 cycle signal sent from 0 respectively. ing.

[0028]   The determination circuit 23 determines the lag load based on the numbers counted by the counters 21 and 22. , The resistance load and the phase advance load are discriminated, and the counters 21 and 22 are counted. If the number of counters is about the same, it is determined that the load is resistive, and the count number of the counter 21 is 2 If it is significantly larger than the count number of 2, it is judged as a lag load, and if it is the opposite, it is judged as a lag load. Separate. Then, an output is output according to the determined load.

[0029]   That is, the load power factor determination circuit 18 uses the # 1 signal winding 6 and the # 2 signal winding 1 The type of load is discriminated based on the voltage generated in 7 respectively, and the discriminated load is dealt with. The signal of is output.

[0030]   9 to 11 show the circuit configuration of the generator protection device.   9 to 11, reference numerals 3, 6, and 17 correspond to those in FIG. 5, and 18 is It corresponds to that of FIG. Reference numeral 24 represents a load.

[0031]   In FIG. 9, the load 24 is separated by the triac 25. In FIG. 10, the load is applied by the SCR 27 in the diode stack 26. It is configured to separate 24, and in FIG. The load 24 is configured to be disconnected by the operation of the auxiliary coil 29 that is stored.

[0032]   Generally, engine driven self-excited synchronous generators are used in the market for various loads. ing. Normally, the load current is detected and the load is detected to protect the generator and load. Often uses a breaker that breaks the circuit. The load is used at the rated power factor. If there is no problem, there is no problem, but as mentioned above In view of this, in the case of a lag load, especially when the power factor is bad, a large exciting current flows in the field winding 9. The field winding 9 may be burnt out.

[0033]   Also, in the case of a phase-advanced load, the output voltage becomes abnormally high and It not only poses a threat, but also damages the load side.   The breaker does not operate against such a lag or advance load, and the generator is protected. It happens that there is nothing.

[0034]   9 to 11, the load power factor determination circuit 18 determines the type of load. The triac 25, the diode stack 26, and the The generator 28 is operated by operating the braker 28 and disconnecting the load 24. .

[0035]   In all of FIGS. 9 to 11, the load 24 is disconnected from the load line. However, the field line of the field winding 9 or the excitation line of the excitation winding 7 is separated. Even if the same protection function is obtained.

[0036]   The signal winding 6 is wound around each of the teeth 4 and 5 and is guided by the permanent magnet 10. Although the explanation has been given with the configuration in which the generated voltages are added, the signal winding 6 must be Also, it does not have to be wound around the tooth portions 4 and 5 in two places. It may be wound in one place. If the signal winding 6 has only one winding, the voltage is Since they are not added, the voltage generated in the signal winding 6 becomes low.

[0037]

[Effect of device]

  As described above, according to the present invention,   It is possible to effectively use the permanent magnets attached to the magnetic poles only when the voltage rises. And to extract a signal of 1 pulse / 1 cycle based on the voltage generated in the signal winding. Will open the way to use the ignition timing signal of the engine.

[0038]   If the signal winding is wound and a load power factor determination circuit is provided, the load type A signal according to the type can be output, and a signal according to the type of load is used As a result, the generator or load can be effectively protected.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial structural explanatory view of a stator and a rotor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a winding diagram of an example of a stator.

FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of an experimental output according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment for obtaining a signal of 1 pulse / 1 cycle.

FIG. 5 is a winding diagram of an embodiment of a stator in which two signal windings are wound.

6 is an experimental output waveform diagram of the embodiment of the stator shown in FIG.

7 is an experimental output waveform diagram of the embodiment of the stator shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a configuration of an embodiment of a load power factor determination circuit.

FIG. 9 is a circuit configuration of an embodiment of a generator protection device.

FIG. 10 is a circuit configuration of another embodiment of the generator protection device.

FIG. 11 is a circuit configuration of another embodiment of the generator protection device.

FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view illustrating a permanent magnet embedded rotor.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 stator 2 slots 3 output windings 4,5 teeth 6 signal winding 7 excitation winding 8 rotor 9 field winding 10 permanent magnet 11 shaft 17 signal winding 18 Load power factor determination circuit 24 load

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. In an engine-driven self-excited synchronous generator in which a permanent magnet for initial excitation (10) is embedded in the magnetic pole surface of a rotor (8), it is canceled by the magnetic flux generated by the field winding (9). An engine-driven self-excited synchronous generator comprising a signal winding (6) wound around a slot of a stator (1) that responds to the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet (10) for initial excitation. 2. In an engine-driven self-excited synchronous generator in which a permanent magnet (10) for initial excitation is embedded in the magnetic pole surface of a rotor (8), the magnetic flux generated by the field winding (9) is canceled and A plurality of signal windings (6, 17) wound around the slots of the stator (1) corresponding to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet (10) for initial excitation, and the voltage generated in the signal windings (6, 17). An engine provided with a load power factor determination circuit (18) for detecting a power factor of a load connected to the output winding (3) from a voltage generated in the output winding (3) Driven self-excited synchronous generator.