JPH05113790A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable monophonic performance, and also to enable the changeover to polyphonic performance at any time in real time, in an electronic musical instrument capable of polyphonic performance, referring to an electronic musical instrument having a plurality of sound-producing channels and simultaneously capable of producing a plurality of musical sounds. CONSTITUTION:An electronic musical instrument comprises a producing-sound designation means 1 for designating the production of desired musical sound, a plurality of musical sound synthesizing means 6 each of which can form a musical sound signal, a changeover operator 5 by which a first mode for treating subsequent producing-sound designations as independently producing musical sound producing designations and a second mode for treating them as continuously changing single musical sound producing designations can be changed over in real time, and assigning means 2, 3, 4 by which producing-sound designations from the producing-sound designation means are assigned to the musical sound synthesizing means in a compound sound simultaneously producing mode when the changeover operator designates the first mode, while in a single sound producing mode when the changeover operator designates the second mode.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument for electronically synthesizing musical tone signals, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument having a plurality of tone generation channels and capable of simultaneously producing a plurality of musical tones.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Keyboards are used as performance operators in many of today's electronic musical instruments. The keyboard was the operator of a keyboard-type musical instrument, so if you want to play other natural musical instruments on a keyboard-type electronic musical instrument, there is no problem with normal pitch designation, but each instrument is special. When trying to achieve a different playing style, there are restrictions due to the nature of the keyboard itself.

For example, a keyboard of an electronic musical instrument provides a pitch signal representing a pitch, a key-on signal representing a key depression, a key-off signal representing a key release, an initial touch signal representing a key depression speed, and the like. The key-on signal and the key-off signal also include a pitch (key code) signal. A musical tone signal having a pitch according to the pitch signal and an envelope according to the initial touch signal is generated at the same time as the key-on and is attenuated according to the key-off.

By the way, the trill playing method in a stringed instrument or the like is realized by repeatedly pressing a string position on a semitone or a whole tone with a finger placed at a position corresponding to the pitch which is the basis of the trill. When a similar performance is performed on the keyboard, the musical sound for the key that is continuously pressed is significantly attenuated because there is no initial touch signal. Therefore, a normal trill cannot be realized by such a performance operation.

Therefore, it is possible to give an initial touch similar to the initial touch by the immediately preceding key depression to a key whose key priority is restored by continuously releasing the key and releasing one of the keys. Etc. have been proposed. With such a configuration, a trill sound can be generated by a string instrument-like performance operation.

With regard to slur playing in stringed instruments and wind instruments, when it is attempted to form a desired musical tone signal using an ordinary keyboard, it is difficult to specify a pitch other than a scale note and a continuous pitch change. Have difficulty.

There is known an electronic musical instrument having a performance operator capable of simultaneously designating a plurality of pitches such as a keyboard and having a monotone (monophonic tone) priority function. For example, a predetermined priority selection criterion is provided, and one key is selected from among a plurality of simultaneous key depressions on the keyboard according to this criterion, and a musical tone corresponding to the selected one key is generated.

For example, there is a method of selecting the last pressed key, that is, a so-called late arrival priority method, which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-32.
No. 030, etc. Further, there is a method for selecting the highest note or the lowest note in a pressed key, a so-called highest note priority method or lowest note priority method.
No. 98, etc.

[0009]

As described above,
A keyboard-type polyphonic electronic musical instrument capable of simultaneously producing a plurality of musical tones is known to have a monophonic mode for performing a performance similar to that of a single-tone (monophonic) musical instrument.

When a polyphonic electronic musical instrument capable of simultaneously producing a plurality of musical tones is used and a performance is performed in a monophonic mode, a musical tone synthesizing system capable of simultaneously producing a plurality of musical tones can utilize only part of its function.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument which can perform polyphonic performance and which can perform monophonic performance and can be switched to polyphonic performance at any time in real time.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An electronic musical instrument of the present invention comprises a sounding instructing means for instructing the generation of a desired musical sound, a plurality of musical sound synthesizing means each capable of forming a musical sound signal, and subsequent sounding instruction. Is operated as a tone generation instruction that is independently generated and a second mode that is treated as a continuously changing single tone generation instruction is switched in real time, and a sounding instruction from the sounding instructing means is output. Assigning means for allocating to the musical sound synthesizing means in a compound sound simultaneous generation format when the switching operator designates the first mode, and in a single sound generating format when the switching operator designates the second mode Including and

[0013]

By providing a switching operator capable of switching the first mode and the second mode in real time, it is possible to switch between monophonic performance and polyphonic performance at any time.

When a sounding instruction is given when the monophonic performance is designated, the assigning means assigns the musical tone synthesizing means so as to realize the monophonic performance, and when the polyphonic performance is designated, the assigning means. Assigns the musical tone synthesizing means so as to realize polyphonic performance. By switching, it is possible to realize a monophonic performance only in a desired portion and to mix the monophonic performance and the polyphonic performance.

For example, it is possible to play a melody in a monophonic performance and an accompaniment chord in a polyphonic performance. As described above, it is possible to effectively use the sound generation channel and realize a monophonic performance in which the functions of the polyphonic electronic musical instrument are fully utilized.

[0016]

1 shows an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing the overall configuration. The keyboard 1 has a large number of keys and can provide pitch signals, touch signals, and the like. When a performance operation is performed on the keyboard 1, information of the performance operation is detected by the keyboard interface 1a, and a key code KC indicating a pitch, a key-on / key-off KON / KOFF indicating a key press / release key, and a key press speed are indicated. Signals such as the initial touch IT are detected and sent to the CPU 2 via the bus line 9.

The mono / poly switching operator 5 is an operator for switching between monophonic performance and polyphonic performance, and is composed of, for example, a foot pedal.
A keyboard-type electronic musical instrument has a plurality of pedals corresponding to an actual natural musical instrument. One of these pedals can be used as a mono / poly switching operator.

The operator interface 5a detects the operating state of the mono / poly switching operator 5 and supplies the CPU 2 via the bus line 9 with information as to whether monophonic performance is designated or polyphonic performance is designated. To do.

The CPU 2 uses the RAM 4 as a register or the like based on the detection signals sent from the interfaces 1a and 5a for detecting the operations of the keyboard 1 and the mono / poly switching operator 5 according to the program stored in the ROM 3 A synthesis parameter is generated and supplied to the tone synthesis circuit section 6.

The tone synthesis circuit section 6 has, for example, 16 different tone generation channels for simultaneous tone generation of 16 tones. The plurality of sound generation channels may be realized by time division processing, or may be physically realized by a plurality of sound generation channels. Each channel of the tone synthesis circuit section 6 creates a tone signal based on the tone generation parameter supplied and supplies it to the sound system 7.

The sound system 7 comprises a musical tone synthesis circuit section 6
A plurality of digital musical tone signals supplied from the above are synthesized, converted into an analog signal by a digital / analog converter, amplified as necessary, and the analog musical tone signal is given to the speaker 8. In the sound system 7, PAN processing,
Processing such as reverberation effect addition may be performed.

When the mono / poly switching operator 5 is switched to the monophonic side, the performance operation performed on the keyboard 1 is processed as a monophonic performance. The keyboard 1 when the mono / poly switching operator is switched to the polyphonic side.
The performance operation performed in step 1 is processed as a polyphonic performance. These musical tones can be simultaneously generated from the speaker 8.

FIG. 1B shows an example of a performance mode. The melody sound is played as Domisora ..., the accompaniment chord Domiso is played at the same time as the first note D, and the accompaniment chord Dofara is performed at the same time as the fourth sound La. When the accompaniment chord is played, the polyphonic mode is specified, so that a tone corresponding to all key depressions is generated.

On the other hand, when only the melody sound is pressed, the monophonic mode is designated.
The newly generated musical tone is a single tone. In the monophonic mode, it is possible to play a peculiar music instrument. Even when the mode is switched to the monophonic mode, the compound sound (accompaniment sound) already generated in the polyphonic mode changes according to the polyphonic mode.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the main process executed by the CPU 2. When the player turns on the power, the CPU 2 starts the process from step S100,
In step S102, various registers and the array ST in the memory are initialized, and then the loop processing from step S104 to step S126 is performed until the power is turned off.

First, in step S104, the keyboard 1
The upper key is scanned to detect key events such as key depression and key release. In the next step S106, it is determined whether or not there is a key event. If there is a key event, the process proceeds to step S108, and the detected key depression KON or key release K is detected.
OFF is stored in the key event register KEV.

The key code having the key event is stored in the key code register KC, and the key pressing speed is stored in the initial touch register IT.

Next, in step S110, it is determined whether the key event KEV stored in the register KEV is the key depression KON. If the key is pressed, step S
In step 112, key-on KON processing is performed. If the key is not pressed, the key event means that the key is released, and the process proceeds to step S114 following the NO arrow to perform the key release KOFF process. When there is no key event in step S106, these processes are bypassed.

Next, in step S116, an operator scan is performed to detect an operation of the mono / poly switching operator or the like. Next, in step S118, it is determined whether or not there is an operator event of the mono / poly switching operator 5.

If there is a switching operator event, YE
The process advances to step S120 following the arrow S, and PON is stored in the register PEV when the pedal is depressed, and POFF is stored when the pedal is released. Then, step S122.
At the pedal event PEV, the pedal depression PON
Or not.

When PEV = PON, the process proceeds to step S124 according to the YES arrow to perform pedal ON processing. When PEV is not PON, the PO is released.
Since it is an FF event, the process proceeds to step S126 following the NO arrow, and the pedal depression flag PONF is set to 0.
To set.

In step S118, when there is no switching operator event, these processes are bypassed according to the NO arrow. After that, the other operators are processed in step S128, and the process returns to step S104.

In this embodiment, the monophonic mode is designated while the pedal is depressed, and the polyphonic mode is designated when the pedal is released. The monophonic mode and the polyphonic mode may be switched each time the pedal is depressed.

In this case, instead of steps S120 to S126, the pedal flag PONF may be inverted and the monophonic mode switching process may be performed when PONF becomes 1. Since it is difficult to distinguish between the polyphonic mode and the monophonic mode, it is preferable to provide a display device on the operation panel in order to assist the recognition.

FIG. 3 shows the contents of the pedal ON processing shown in step S124 of the main routine shown in FIG. When the pedal ON process starts in step S130, first in step S132, the pedal depression flag PON is set.
Set 1 to F.

Subsequently, in step S134, it is determined whether or not the arrays ST representing the states of all the sound generation channels are all zero. If there are 16 pronunciation channels, each pronunciation channel has an ST
= 1 and ST = 0 when no sound is produced. That is, if ST = 0 for all channels, it means that all channels are not producing sound.

When no sound is produced, the flow advances to a step S136 in accordance with a YES arrow to designate the 0th channel as the channel MCH for generating a monophonic sound. That is, 0 is stored in the register MCH. In addition,
Which channel is selected for monophonic is arbitrary.

If there is a channel being sounded, the flow advances to step S138 by following the NO arrow, and the channel number corresponding to the musical tone of the highest key code KC of the musical tones being sounded is set as the monophonic tone generating channel, and that number is registered. Store in MCH.

This treatment is suitable for treating the melody tone in the monophonic mode when the accompaniment chord is played together with the melody tone as shown in FIG. 1 (B).

For example, when the bass tone is handled in the monophonic mode, the channel corresponding to the tone having the lowest key code of the plurality of tones at the time of switching the monophonic mode may be the channel for the monophonic tone.

The monophonic sound generation channel MCH can be designated other than the above example. For example, select a monophonic sound generation channel from the unpronounced channels as appropriate, store that channel in the MCH, and if there is no unpronounced channel, truncate any channel and generate that monophonic sound. It can also be stored in the register MCH for use.

FIG. 4 shows the KON process (step S in FIG. 2).
112) is a flowchart showing the details of FIG.

When the KON process starts in step S200, the pedal depression flag PONF is started in step S202.
Is 0, that is, it is determined whether the mode is the polyphonic mode. When PONF = 0 and the polyphonic mode is designated, the processing of step S204 and subsequent steps is performed according to the YES arrow.

First, in step S204, it is searched whether or not there is a vacant channel that is not producing sound among a plurality of channels. Succeedingly, in a step S206, it is determined whether or not there is a free channel.

If there is no vacant channel, the process proceeds to step S208 following the NO arrow to perform the truncation process to secure the channel for which a new key-on is to be sounded. For example, a channel in which sound has been generated for the longest time or a channel in which attenuation is most advanced is forcibly terminated to be an empty channel. If there is a free channel, step S208 is bypassed.

In step S210, the channel number of the empty channel secured as described above is stored in the register C.
Store in H. Then, in step S212, 1 is set in the array register ST [CH] of the CHth channel to indicate that the CHth channel is producing sound. Then, in step S214, the key code KC of the key that has been keyed on is stored in the register KC [CH] as the key code of the CH-th channel.

Next, in step S216, the key code KC, the key pressing speed information IT, and the key-on signal KON are output to the CH-th channel of the tone generator circuit section assigned as described above, and the CH-th channel is started. Generates a tone signal.

When the monophonic mode is designated and the pedal is depressed, the flag PONF becomes 1 as shown in step S126, and the result of step S202 is NO.
Becomes In this case, the processing from step S218 onward is performed.

First, in step S218, it is determined whether or not the array ST indicating the states of all channels is 0. 1
If there is any sounding channel, the result is NO and the processing from step S220 is performed. If all channels are vacant, the result is YES and step S
The processing from 226 onward is performed.

In step S220, the key code KC [MC for the channel for monophonic sound has already been obtained.
H] is stored in the register PKC that stores the previous key code. Then, in step S222, the key code KC of the key pressed this time is stored in the register KC [MCH] which stores the key code of the monophonic performance.

Then, in step S224, the key code KC corresponding to the key pressed on the MCH-th channel of the tone generator circuit section and the key pressing speed information IT are output to execute a monophonic performance.

At this time, no attack is added to the generated musical sound. In this way, it is possible to perform a slur performance or the like in which a tone continuously shifts from one tone to another tone.

If it is determined in step S218 that there is no sounding channel, an array ST of channels previously designated for monophonic performance in step S226.
Set 1 to [MCH]. Succeedingly, in a step S228, 0 which means that there is no sound being generated is stored as the previous key code PKC.

Then, in step S230, the key code KC of the key pressed this time is stored in the monophonic performance key code register KC [MCH].

Next, in step S232, the key code KC corresponding to the new key depression, the key depression speed information IT and the key-on signal KON are output to the MCH-th channel of the tone generator circuit section to start sounding. In this case, an attack is given.

As described above, step S224 or step S232 realizes a monophonic performance that simulates the performance of a string instrument, a wind instrument or the like. In addition,
The process then returns.

Next, the key-off process performed in step S114 of FIG. 2 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

When the key-off process starts in step S300, it is determined in step S302 whether the pedal depression flag PONF is 0 or not. Flag PO
If NF is 0, the polyphonic mode has been designated, so the flow follows a YES arrow to proceed to step S304 and subsequent steps, where the key-off processing for normal polyphonic performance is performed.

First, in step S304, it is determined whether or not the key code KC of the key that has been keyed off is being sounded. That is, even if the key is released, the sound corresponding to the key may have already been silenced by truncation or the like.

If the sound is being generated, the flow advances to step S306 according to the YES arrow to store the channel number of the corresponding channel generating the tone of the key code KC in the register CH.

Then, in step S308, 0 is stored in the array ST [CH] indicating the state of the channel, and it is displayed that this channel is not producing sound. Further, in step S310, 0 is stored in the register KC [CH] that stores the key code of the corresponding channel, and the key code information is cleared.

After these pre-processes, in step S312, the key-off signal KOFF is output to the CH-th channel of the tone generator circuit section to perform the muffling process. In step S304, if the sound of the key code KC has already been muted, these steps are bypassed according to the NO arrow.

If the pedal depression flag PONF is not 0 in step S302, the monophonic mode is designated, and therefore the key-off process of the monophonic mode in step S314 and the following steps is performed according to the NO arrow.

First, in step S314, it is determined whether or not the key code KC of the key that has been keyed off is equal to the key code KC [MCH] of the channel MCH that is producing a monophonic sound. In the case of releasing the key of the monophonic mode sound, the processes in and after step S316 are performed according to the YES arrow.

At present, the monophonic mode is specified, but in the case of releasing the key of the polyphonic sound that was pressed in the previous polyphonic mode, the processing of step S330 and thereafter is performed according to the NO arrow.

In the key-off processing of the monophonic sound in the monophonic mode, first in step S316, it is determined whether or not the key code PKC of the previous key depression is 0. For example, it is determined whether or not two or more keys are continuously pressed in the trill performance, and when the subsequent key is released, the previous key is continuously pressed.

If the previous key continues to be depressed, N
Following the arrow O, the process proceeds to step S318. Step S
At 318, the key code PKC which has been continuously depressed from the previous time is output to the monophonic sound generation channel MCH of the tone generator circuit section. At this time, the envelope is not changed.

In step S320, the supplied key code PKC is stored as the key code KC [MCH] of the monophonic sound generation channel. In this way, it is possible to perform a trill playing method in a stringed instrument or the like using the keyboard.

Subsequently, in step S322, 0 is stored in the register PKC for storing the previous key code,
In order to end the trill performance, if a subsequent key release occurs, a YES determination is made in step S316.

In the monophonic mode, for example, if the sound of "do" is released after pressing "Dre", step S3
The process proceeds from step 14 to step S330 and ends without performing a trill as described later.

If the previous key code PKC is 0 in step S316, the process proceeds to step S324 according to the YES arrow. In step S324, the key-off KOFF is output to the MCH-th channel of the tone generator circuit section. Further, in step S326, the array register ST [MC indicating the state of the MCH-th channel is
0] is stored in [H] to indicate that this channel is muted.

Subsequently, in step S328, MC
Register KC indicating the key code of the Hth channel
Store 0 in [MCH] to clear the pronunciation key code. In this way, the mute processing based on the key release operation is performed.

In step S314, when the released key is not the sounding monophonic sound, the process proceeds to step S330 according to the NO arrow. Step S330
At, it is determined whether or not the key code KC of the released key is the key code PKC of the previous monophonic key depression.

If the key code PKC of the previous key depression in the monophonic mode and the key code KC of the current key release are not equal, the released key is not a monophonic mode sound, and therefore, following step S332 following the NO arrow. Process.

In step S332, it is determined whether or not the key code KC of the released key is sounding. If the mute processing has already been performed by the truncation processing, the processing immediately returns following the NO arrow.

If KC is sounding, the flow advances to step S334 according to the YES arrow to store the channel number of the corresponding channel in the register CH. Further, in step S336, 0 is stored in the array register ST [CH] representing the state of this channel. In addition, step S33
In step 8, 0 is stored in the register KC [CH] which stores the key code during sounding of this channel, and the key code is cleared.

After these pre-processes, in step S340, the key-off K is applied to the CH-th channel of the tone generator circuit section.
OFF is output, and muffling processing is performed.

If the key code KC of the released key is equal to the previous key code PKC in step S330, the key is a key-off of the monophonic sound in the "waiting" state, which is not sounding. In this case, step S34
It branches to 2, stores 0 in the content of the register PKC representing the previous key code, and returns. In this way, the key-off process is executed.

As described above, in the monophonic mode, slur performance can be easily realized as shown in step S224 of FIG. 4, and step S3 of FIG.
A trill performance is easily realized as shown below.

When the pedal is released and a plurality of keys are simultaneously depressed, a normal polyphonic sound is generated as shown in step S204 and thereafter in FIG. 4, and the pedal is depressed only when desired to perform a key depression operation. Then, step S in FIG.
A monophonic tone is played as shown below 218.

While the performance is continued in the monophonic mode, the polyphonic sound played before that is not muted and continues as it is. Therefore, it is possible to perform the monophonic mode performance and the polyphonic mode performance at the same time. For example, it becomes possible to play a stringed instrument or wind instrument with an accompaniment.

The case where one pedal for switching between the monophonic performance and the polyphonic performance is provided has been described, but it is possible to use two or more pedals for designating the monophonic mode. For example, the first pedal represents the first monophonic instrument and the second pedal is the second.
The monophonic musical instrument of may be displayed.

It is also possible to divide the key range of the keyboard so that keys depressed below a certain key code are sounded as they are in the monophonic mode, and monophonic processing is performed in the certain key range. These processes are step S20.
It is realized by changing the conditions of 2 and step S302.

Also, when the polyphonic mode is switched to the monophonic mode, the case where the channel producing the highest note being produced is set as the monophonic pronunciation channel has been explained, but the lowest note and other key depression speed information, etc. Alternatively, the monophonic sound generation channel may be selected from.

When the pitch is changed in the monophonic mode, in order to give an expression within a single note by adding an envelope, the pressure change of each key after key depression, that is, after-touch information is detected. The volume may be changed in real time. Further, when the key pressing speed is equal to or higher than a certain level, the key-on signal KON may be sent to restart the envelope without making the envelope constant.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments.
The present invention is not limited to these. For example,
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, improvements, combinations and the like can be made.

[0087]

As described above, according to the present invention,
There is provided an electronic musical instrument that can switch between monophonic performance and polyphonic performance at any time by using a performance manipulator capable of simultaneously specifying a plurality of pitches.

By allowing the sound in the polyphonic mode to continue without being muted during the monophonic mode, it is possible to simultaneously perform the monophonic musical instrument and the polyphonic musical instrument.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument, and FIG. 1B is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a playing mode.

2 is a flowchart of a main routine performed by the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing details of pedal-on processing in the processing of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing details of a key-on process in the process of FIG.

5 is a flowchart showing details of a key-off process in the process of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 keyboard, 1a keyboard interface, 2 CP
U, 3 ROM, 4 RAM, 5 mono / poly switching operator, 5a operator interface, 6 tone synthesis circuit section, 7 sound system, 8 speaker

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sound production instructing means for instructing the generation of a desired musical tone, a plurality of musical sound synthesizing means each capable of forming a musical sound signal, and a succeeding sound production instruction treated as an independently-generated musical sound generation instruction. A switching operator capable of switching in real time between the mode and a second mode which is treated as a single tone generation instruction that continuously changes, and the switching operator designates the first mode for a sounding instruction from the sounding instructing means. When you are in
An electronic musical instrument, comprising: an assigning unit that assigns to the musical sound synthesizing unit in a single tone generation format when the switching operator is instructing the second mode.