JPH05113274A - Absorption cooling apparatus - Google Patents
Absorption cooling apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05113274A JPH05113274A JP6902991A JP6902991A JPH05113274A JP H05113274 A JPH05113274 A JP H05113274A JP 6902991 A JP6902991 A JP 6902991A JP 6902991 A JP6902991 A JP 6902991A JP H05113274 A JPH05113274 A JP H05113274A
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- Prior art keywords
- adsorbent
- cooling
- evaporator
- heat
- adsorption
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は吸着式冷却装置に関す
る。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an adsorption cooling device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、自動車，建設機械，マリンボー
ト等内燃機関を動力源とする乗り物の室内及び又は冷蔵
庫冷却用として、図３に示すように、フロンガスを冷媒
とし前記機関を動力源とする蒸気圧縮式冷却装置が従来
より知られている。この種の蒸気圧縮式冷却装置は、走
行乃至作業を目的とする機関の出力の一部を冷却のため
に使用するのであるから、機関の負担が増加するのみな
らず、燃料消費率を低下させる不具合があり、また最近
は専らフレオンを冷媒として使用するのでオゾン層破壊
の問題から総量規制、生産削減等の法規制が取られるに
至っている。2. Description of the Related Art For cooling a room and / or a refrigerator of a vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine such as an automobile, a construction machine, a marine boat, etc., as shown in FIG. Vapor compression cooling devices have been known for some time. Since this type of vapor compression cooling device uses a part of the output of the engine for running or working for cooling, it not only increases the load on the engine but also reduces the fuel consumption rate. There are some problems, and recently, Freon is exclusively used as a refrigerant. Therefore, due to the problem of ozone layer depletion, regulations such as total amount control and production reduction have been taken.
【０００３】そこで、これに対処する目的で、エンジン
の排熱を加熱部の熱源とする吸着式冷凍機を用い、フロ
ンガスを用いない自動車クーラーが、実開平０１−１２
６８１１号により提案されている。この提案は、図４に
示すように、蒸発部２と、蒸発部２から発生する冷媒蒸
気を吸着する吸着部３と、吸着した冷媒蒸気を加熱によ
り蒸発（脱着の意味と解される）させる加熱部４と、加
熱部からの蒸気を凝縮させる凝縮部５とを有する吸着式
冷凍機１を設けるとともに、蒸発部２の熱交換器６を自
動車室内冷房用の冷房回路７に接続し、吸着部３及び凝
縮部５の熱交換器８及び９を密閉型空冷回路１０に接続
し、加熱部４の熱交換器１１をエンジン熱供給回路１２
に接続し、熱源として自動車エンジンの冷却排熱の一部
を利用するのである。Therefore, for the purpose of coping with this, an automobile cooler that uses an adsorption refrigerator that uses exhaust heat of an engine as a heat source of a heating unit and does not use CFCs is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model No. 01-12.
No. 6811. In this proposal, as shown in FIG. 4, an evaporation unit 2, an adsorption unit 3 for adsorbing a refrigerant vapor generated from the evaporation unit 2, and an adsorbed refrigerant vapor are evaporated (understood as desorption) by heating. An adsorption refrigerator 1 having a heating part 4 and a condensing part 5 for condensing the vapor from the heating part is provided, and the heat exchanger 6 of the evaporating part 2 is connected to a cooling circuit 7 for cooling the interior of the vehicle for adsorption. The heat exchangers 8 and 9 of the section 3 and the condenser section 5 are connected to the closed air cooling circuit 10, and the heat exchanger 11 of the heating section 4 is connected to the engine heat supply circuit 12.
And uses part of the cooling exhaust heat of the automobile engine as a heat source.
【０００４】この構造を詳説すると、図５に示すよう
に、吸着式冷凍機１はそれぞれ蒸気流路１３により接続
された吸着剤槽１４と蒸気槽１５とを真空状態のもとに
密閉したまま両槽１４，１５に熱交換器を各別に設けて
なる２個の吸脱ユニットＡ，Ｂを設け、吸着剤槽１４に
は冷媒例えば水を一定量吸着させたシリカ系の固体吸着
剤Ｓを充填する。そして吸脱ユニットＡの吸着剤槽１４
の熱交換器を加熱部４の熱交換器１１としてエンジン熱
供給回路１２に接続し、吸脱ユニットＡの蒸気槽１５と
吸脱ユニットＢの吸着剤槽１４とにおける熱交換器をそ
れぞれ熱交換器９，８として空冷回路１０に接続して冷
却水を供給する。更に吸脱ユニットＢの蒸気槽１５の熱
交換器を蒸発部２の熱交換器６として冷房回路７に接続
する。To explain this structure in detail, as shown in FIG. 5, in the adsorption refrigerator 1, the adsorbent tank 14 and the steam tank 15 which are respectively connected by the steam flow path 13 are hermetically sealed under a vacuum state. Two adsorbing / desorbing units A and B, which are respectively provided with heat exchangers respectively, are provided in both tanks 14 and 15, and the adsorbent tank 14 is provided with a silica-based solid adsorbent S adsorbing a certain amount of a refrigerant, for example, water. Fill. And the adsorbent tank 14 of the adsorption / desorption unit A
Is connected to the engine heat supply circuit 12 as the heat exchanger 11 of the heating section 4, and the heat exchangers in the steam tank 15 of the adsorption / desorption unit A and the adsorbent tank 14 of the adsorption / desorption unit B are respectively heat-exchanged. The cooling water is supplied by connecting to the air cooling circuit 10 as the vessels 9 and 8. Further, the heat exchanger of the steam tank 15 of the adsorption / desorption unit B is connected to the cooling circuit 7 as the heat exchanger 6 of the evaporator 2.
【０００５】このようにして、まず吸脱ユニットＡの吸
着剤槽１４内の固体吸着剤Ｓをエンジン熱の供給により
加熱し、吸着していた冷媒水分を蒸発させつつ蒸気流路
１３を経て熱交換器９で凝縮させ（これを当出願人は脱
着という）、かつ吸脱ユニットＢにおいては、吸脱ユニ
ットＡの脱着完了の下に、吸着剤槽１４の熱交換器８に
３０℃程度の冷水を供給し、蒸気槽１５の熱交換器６に
は冷房回路７の冷水を通じることにより、冷媒蒸気の吸
着作用を発揮させて、蒸気槽１５の熱交換器６に凝縮し
ていた冷媒水を蒸発させ、そのときの潜熱で冷房回路７
の冷水を８℃程度まで冷却する。ここで、熱交換器１１
と８，９と６は対交換して運転され、蒸気流路１３によ
り接続された吸着剤槽１４と蒸気槽１５とを真空状態の
もとに密閉したまま両槽１４，１５に熱交換器を各別に
設け、吸着剤槽１４には冷媒例えば水を一定量吸着させ
たシリカ系の固体吸着剤Ｓを充填し、吸脱ユニットＡ，
Ｂの吸着剤槽１４は交互に加熱と冷却を受け、対応する
蒸気槽１５はそれぞれ凝縮部５（凝縮器）及び蒸発部２
（蒸発器）として交互に作用し、冷房回路は常に蒸発部
に切り替え接続することで、蒸発部の冷媒の蒸発に伴う
潜熱により効果的な冷房作用を行うのである。In this way, first, the solid adsorbent S in the adsorbent tank 14 of the adsorption / desorption unit A is heated by the supply of engine heat to evaporate the adsorbed refrigerant moisture and heat it through the vapor flow path 13. After condensing in the exchanger 9 (this is called desorption by the applicant), and in the adsorption / desorption unit B, after the desorption of the adsorption / desorption unit A is completed, the heat exchanger 8 of the adsorbent tank 14 is heated to about 30 ° C. By supplying cold water and passing the cold water of the cooling circuit 7 through the heat exchanger 6 of the steam tank 15, the refrigerant water is made to exhibit the adsorbing action of the refrigerant steam and condensed in the heat exchanger 6 of the steam tank 15. And the latent heat at that time causes the cooling circuit 7 to evaporate.
The cold water in the above is cooled to about 8 ° C. Here, the heat exchanger 11
And 8, 9 and 6 are operated in pairs, and the adsorbent tank 14 and the steam tank 15 connected by the steam flow path 13 are hermetically sealed under a vacuum condition to both tanks 14 and 15. The adsorbent tank 14 is filled with a silica-based solid adsorbent S that adsorbs a certain amount of a refrigerant, for example, water.
The adsorbent tank 14 of B is alternately heated and cooled, and the corresponding steam tanks 15 are respectively condensed by the condenser 5 (condenser) and the evaporator 2.
By alternately operating as an (evaporator) and switching and connecting the cooling circuit to the evaporating section at all times, an effective cooling operation is performed by latent heat accompanying evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporating section.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな吸着式冷凍機１はそれぞれ吸着剤槽１４と蒸気槽１
５を蒸気通路１３で一体に連結してなる吸脱ユニット
Ａ，Ｂを２基必要とするので、現在入手し得る固体吸着
剤Ｓの吸着量特性では、吸着剤槽１４はかなり大きな容
積を必要とし、蒸発の潜熱を取り出すための熱交換器の
所要面積もかなり大きくなる。自動車用のように、小
型，軽量，低燃費（高性能），無公害を商品価値の判断
尺度に持ち、各種機器の装着密度の極めて高い用途に対
しては、低燃費及びフロンガスに対する無公害の点でこ
の提案は優れているが、下記のように、改善すべき点も
ある。 (1) 内燃機関を動力源とする乗り物その他設備等では、
前記機関を冷却するための冷却水から得られる排熱を利
用するだけでは、所要温度レベルと熱量がアイドリング
運転時に不足する。 (2) 吸着剤槽１４と蒸気槽１５を一体的に構成すること
は、装着の自由度を制約する。 (3) 冷房回路の熱交換器２２と吸着式冷凍機１の蒸発部
２（蒸気器）を兼用することが有利である。 (4) 脱着に便利な熱源としては、固体吸着剤の呼吸量を
多くして蒸発に寄与する冷媒量を多くし、冷房能力を大
きくするには、脱着温度は高いのが好ましく、機関の冷
却水に基づく機関排熱だけでは不十分の場合は機関の排
気が保有する熱も併用するのが望ましい。However, such an adsorption type refrigerator 1 has an adsorbent tank 14 and a steam tank 1, respectively.
Since two adsorbing / desorbing units A and B in which 5 are integrally connected by the vapor passage 13 are required, the adsorbent tank 14 requires a considerably large volume in the adsorbing amount characteristics of the solid adsorbent S currently available. Therefore, the required area of the heat exchanger for taking out latent heat of vaporization becomes considerably large. It has small size, light weight, low fuel consumption (high performance), and no pollution as criteria for evaluating the product value, such as for automobiles, and it has low fuel consumption and no pollution to CFCs for applications with extremely high mounting density of various equipment. Although this proposal is excellent in terms of points, there are some points to be improved as described below. (1) For vehicles and other equipment powered by an internal combustion engine,
Only by using the exhaust heat obtained from the cooling water for cooling the engine, the required temperature level and the amount of heat are insufficient during idling operation. (2) The integral construction of the adsorbent tank 14 and the steam tank 15 limits the degree of freedom of mounting. (3) It is advantageous to use both the heat exchanger 22 of the cooling circuit and the evaporation section 2 (steamer) of the adsorption refrigerator 1. (4) As a convenient heat source for desorption, it is preferable that the desorption temperature is high in order to increase the amount of refrigerant that contributes to evaporation by increasing the breathing amount of the solid adsorbent and to increase the cooling capacity. If the exhaust heat from the engine based on water is not enough, it is desirable to use the heat stored in the exhaust of the engine together.
【０００７】そこで、本出願人はさきに特願平２−３２
４８５６号をもって下記するような吸着式冷凍装置を提
案した。すなわち、図６において、１００Ａ，１００Ｂ
はそれぞれ吸着剤充填槽、１０１は吸着剤充填槽内の空
所、１１０は熱交換部材、１２０は固体吸着剤、１３０
は筒状容器、１３１Ａ、１３１Ｂは熱媒体供給口、２０
０は加熱用熱媒体回路、２１０は機関の冷却水循環回
路、２１１は機関、２１２はラジエーター、２１３は分
流弁、２１４はポンプ、２１５はパイピング、２２０は
排気熱交換器、３００は冷却水循環回路、３１０は空気
冷却器、３２０はポンプ、４００は凝縮器、５００は凝
縮液体貯溜容器、６００は蒸発器、６０１はドレン、６
１１はダクト、６１２は送風機、７００は４方切替弁、
８００は密閉循環系形成手段、８１０は蒸気通路、８１
１は絞り弁、９００は加熱用熱媒体回路２００の方向切
替弁、１０００は冷却水循環回路３００の方向切替弁、
１１００は水冷媒（吸着質）である。Therefore, the present applicant has previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2-32.
With the No. 4856, the following adsorption type refrigeration system was proposed. That is, in FIG. 6, 100A, 100B
Is an adsorbent filling tank, 101 is a space in the adsorbent filling tank, 110 is a heat exchange member, 120 is a solid adsorbent, and 130 is a solid adsorbent.
Is a cylindrical container, 131A and 131B are heat medium supply ports, 20
Reference numeral 0 is a heating heat medium circuit, 210 is an engine cooling water circulation circuit, 211 is an engine, 212 is a radiator, 213 is a flow dividing valve, 214 is a pump, 215 is piping, 220 is an exhaust heat exchanger, 300 is a cooling water circulation circuit, 310 is an air cooler, 320 is a pump, 400 is a condenser, 500 is a condensed liquid storage container, 600 is an evaporator, 601 is a drain, 6
11 is a duct, 612 is a blower, 700 is a 4-way switching valve,
800 is a closed circulation system forming means, 810 is a steam passage, 81
Reference numeral 1 is a throttle valve, 900 is a direction switching valve of the heating medium circuit 200 for heating, 1000 is a direction switching valve of the cooling water circulation circuit 300,
1100 is a water refrigerant (adsorbate).
【０００８】この吸着式冷却装置は２基の吸着剤充填槽
１００Ａ，１００Ｂのそれぞれ内部と固体吸着剤１２０
のなす空所１０１は、４方切替弁９００を介して単一の
蒸気通路８１０で連結され、各吸着剤充填槽１００Ａ，
１００Ｂの熱交換部材１１０は入口及び出口側で夫々加
熱用熱媒体回路２００と冷却水循環回路３００に、方向
切替弁９００及び１０００を介して並列接続され、方向
切替弁の選択的切替えにより、一方の吸着剤充填槽を加
熱し他方を冷却することができる。凝縮器４００、凝縮
液体貯溜容器５００、蒸発器６００は一方の吸着剤充填
槽の空所から他方の吸着剤充填槽の空所へ、密閉循環系
形成手段８００と４方切替弁７００を介して密閉的に連
結され、４方切替弁７００の切替え操作により、脱着工
程にある吸着剤充填槽から脱着（又は放出）される吸着
質蒸気を、吸着工程にある吸着剤充填槽に向け一方向的
に蒸気通路８１０へ蒸気を供給する。蒸気通路８１０へ
供給された蒸気は凝縮器４００で凝縮され、一旦凝縮液
体貯溜容器５００に溜められた後、蒸発器６００で冷却
負荷６１０から蒸発熱を奪って蒸発し、吸着工程にある
吸着剤充填槽内の吸着剤に吸着される。加熱用熱媒体回
路２００は例えば乗り物の動力源となる内燃機関２１１
を冷却するための、ラジエーター２１２，ポンプ２１
４，パイピング２１５よりなり、冷却水循環回路２１０
に排気熱交換器２２０を直列又は並列に接続して、分流
弁２１３を介して、ラジエーター２１２と吸着剤充填槽
を並列接続する。このようにして、機関２１１のシリン
ダー部を冷却して得られるより高温の熱源が得られる。
蒸発器６００からの蒸気通路８１０の上流又は下流側に
は、負荷に適合した蒸気供給を行うため適宜絞り８１１
を設ける。蒸発器６００の負荷は、例えばダクト６１１
を介し送風機６１２により送られる車室内の空気であ
り、冷却に伴って当然ドレンが発生するので、これを空
気冷却器３１０及び又は凝縮器４００すなわち冷却水循
環回路３００の冷却に用いて性能向上を図る。なお、４
方切替弁７００、方向切替弁９００、１０００は２方向
弁を用いて図７変形図に示すようにしても良い。This adsorption-type cooling device includes two adsorbent-filled tanks 100A and 100B and a solid adsorbent 120, respectively.
The empty space 101 formed by is connected by a single steam passage 810 via a four-way switching valve 900, and each adsorbent filling tank 100A,
The heat exchange member 110 of 100B is connected in parallel to the heating heat medium circuit 200 and the cooling water circulation circuit 300 on the inlet side and the outlet side, respectively, via the direction switching valves 900 and 1000, and one of them is selectively switched by the direction switching valve. The adsorbent-filled tank can be heated and the other cooled. The condenser 400, the condensed liquid storage container 500, and the evaporator 600 are moved from the empty space of one adsorbent filling tank to the empty space of the other adsorbent filling tank via the closed circulation system forming means 800 and the four-way switching valve 700. The adsorbate vapor that is hermetically connected and desorbed (or released) from the adsorbent filling tank in the desorption process by the switching operation of the four-way switching valve 700 is unidirectionally directed toward the adsorbent filling tank in the adsorption process. To the steam passage 810. The vapor supplied to the vapor passage 810 is condensed in the condenser 400 and once stored in the condensed liquid storage container 500, and then the evaporator 600 removes the heat of vaporization from the cooling load 610 to evaporate the adsorbent in the adsorption step. Adsorbed by the adsorbent in the filling tank. The heating medium circuit 200 is, for example, an internal combustion engine 211 that serves as a power source for a vehicle.
Radiator 212 and pump 21 for cooling
4, piping 215, cooling water circulation circuit 210
The exhaust heat exchanger 220 is connected in series or in parallel, and the radiator 212 and the adsorbent filling tank are connected in parallel via the flow dividing valve 213. In this way, a higher temperature heat source obtained by cooling the cylinder portion of the engine 211 is obtained.
On the upstream side or the downstream side of the steam passage 810 from the evaporator 600, an appropriate throttle 811 is provided in order to supply steam suitable for the load.
To provide. The load of the evaporator 600 is, for example, the duct 611.
The air is the air in the vehicle compartment sent by the blower 612 through the air, and a drain is naturally generated with the cooling. Therefore, this is used for cooling the air cooler 310 and / or the condenser 400, that is, the cooling water circulation circuit 300 to improve the performance. .. 4
The one-way switching valve 700 and the directional switching valves 900 and 1000 may be two-way valves as shown in the modification of FIG. 7.
【０００９】ここで、冷媒として作用させる水を吸着質
とし、吸着剤を （ａ）ＪＩＳ Ａ型シリカゲル （ｂ）モレキュラシブ１３Ｘ （ｃ）モレキュラシブ ４Ｘ としたときの吸着等温線を示すと、それぞれ図８、図
９、図１０に示す通りである。例えばＪＩＳ Ａ型シリ
カゲルと水の場合は図８に示すように、 水蒸気分圧４２．２mmＨｇ（相当飽和温度３５℃） 吸着剤温度８５℃の時吸着量ｑt=85＝５％ 水蒸気分圧６．５mmＨｇ（相当飽和温度５℃） 吸着剤温度３５℃の時吸着量ｑt=35＝９％ とそれぞれ異なった吸着量を示す。そしてこの変化は可
逆変化であるから、吸着剤の温度とそれに対応する吸着
質の圧力を適宜選択すれば、所定量の吸着質の出し入れ
が可能となり、上記の例では吸着量の変化量（呼吸量と
も表現できる）Δｑは４％、すなわち吸着剤１kg当たり
４０ｇの水分量移動となる。各吸着剤の水分の平衡呼吸
量Δｑを図１１に示す。この装置では吸着剤と吸着質を
充填した容器の２基を設け、それぞれ容器内の吸着剤と
吸着質の界面の上記２水準の圧力と温度を、一方が高い
水準で脱着工程にあるとき他方が低い水準の吸着工程に
なるように選択的に切り替えることで、脱着工程にある
一方の容器内（又は容器内の吸着剤）から放出される蒸
気は吸着工程にある他方の容器内（又は容器内の吸着
剤）に吸引され、他方の容器（又は容器内の吸着剤）は
一種の吸引ポンプ的作用をする。容器へ又は容器からの
吸着質の移動は気相で進行するから、これが円滑に進む
ように、つまり吸着質の吸着剤への接触と吸着剤からの
分離の均一化のために、容器内には吸着質蒸気の通路と
なる空所を設けここに連結する流路を介して蒸気移動が
なされる。Here, the adsorption isotherms when water acting as a refrigerant is an adsorbate and the adsorbent is (a) JIS A type silica gel (b) molecular 13X (c) molecular 4X are shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. For example, in the case of JIS A type silica gel and water, as shown in FIG. 8, water vapor partial pressure 42.2 mmHg (equivalent saturation temperature 35 ° C.) adsorbent temperature 85 ° C. adsorption amount q t = 85 = 5% water vapor partial pressure 6 0.5 mmHg (equivalent saturation temperature 5 ° C.) When the adsorbent temperature is 35 ° C., the adsorption amount q t = 35 = 9%, which are different from each other. Since this change is a reversible change, it is possible to take in and out a predetermined amount of adsorbate by appropriately selecting the temperature of the adsorbent and the pressure of the corresponding adsorbate. Δq is 4%, that is, 40 g of water is transferred per 1 kg of the adsorbent. FIG. 11 shows the equilibrium respiration amount Δq of water in each adsorbent. This apparatus is provided with two containers, a container filled with an adsorbent and an adsorbate, and the above two levels of pressure and temperature at the interface between the adsorbent and the adsorbate in the container, respectively, when one is in the desorption process at a high level By selectively switching to a lower level adsorption process, the vapor released from one container (or the adsorbent in the container) in the desorption process is in the other container (or container) in the adsorption process. Is sucked by the adsorbent), and the other container (or the adsorbent in the container) acts as a kind of suction pump. Since the transfer of the adsorbate to and from the container proceeds in the gas phase, it must be placed in the container so that it moves smoothly, that is, to make the contact of the adsorbate with the adsorbent and the separation from the adsorbent uniform. Is provided with a cavity serving as a passage for the adsorbate vapor, and vapor is moved through a flow path connected to the cavity.
【００１０】吸着剤界面への熱量の供給と除去：吸着剤
の温度を上げ下げするためには、加熱のための熱源と冷
却のための冷却源を要し、そのために筒状容器１３０の
内部に、吸着剤が熱交換部材１１０の表面を覆うように
熱交換部材１１０を設け、その内部に熱媒体通路を内蔵
し熱媒体供給口１３１Ａ，１３１Ｂを介して外部と連通
する。この外部をそれぞれ吸着剤充填槽１００Ａ，１０
０Ｂの熱媒体供給口１３１Ａ，１３１Ｂの入口と出口を
加熱用熱媒体回路２００と冷却水循環回路３００に並列
的に選択接続する１対の方向切り替弁９００，１０００
に接続することで、加熱源である高温液状の加熱用熱媒
体回路２００と冷却源である空気冷却器３１０を有する
冷却水循環回路３００に選択的に接続し加熱と冷却を行
う。その結果、一方の吸着剤の界面では脱着、他方の吸
着剤の界面では吸着が進行する。Supply and removal of heat from the adsorbent interface: In order to raise or lower the temperature of the adsorbent, a heat source for heating and a cooling source for cooling are required. The heat exchange member 110 is provided so that the adsorbent covers the surface of the heat exchange member 110, and the heat medium passage is built in the heat exchange member 110 and communicates with the outside through the heat medium supply ports 131A and 131B. The adsorbent filling tanks 100A, 10
A pair of directional switching valves 900, 1000 for selectively connecting the inlets and outlets of the heat medium supply ports 131A, 131B of 0B to the heating heat medium circuit 200 and the cooling water circulation circuit 300 in parallel.
By connecting to the cooling water circulation circuit 300 including the heating medium circuit 200 for heating, which is a heating source of high temperature liquid, and the air cooler 310, which is a cooling source, heating and cooling are performed. As a result, desorption occurs at the interface of one adsorbent and adsorption progresses at the interface of the other adsorbent.
【００１１】吸着質蒸気の凝縮と蒸発：脱着と吸着に伴
う吸着質蒸気の単なる移動では熱力学的冷却作用は起こ
らないので、吸着質の潜熱を取り出すには脱着により得
られる吸着質蒸気を冷却して一旦凝縮させた後、これを
蒸発させる工程が不可欠である。この脱着蒸気の凝縮
を、空気冷却器３１０を有する冷却水循環回路３００で
冷却される凝縮器４００を介して行い、凝縮器４００で
凝縮した液化吸着質を蒸発器６００で蒸発させ、所望の
媒体から熱を奪う、すなわち冷却作用を取り出す。その
際、凝縮器４００と蒸発器６００の圧力は動作変数とし
て気液平衡の関係から、例えば凝縮温度３５℃なら４
２．２mmＨｇ，蒸発温度 ５℃なら ６．５mmＨｇ，と
なり、熱の授受を伴うこの条件を満たすように、凝縮器
４００と蒸発器６００を設計する。Condensation and evaporation of adsorbate vapor: Since the thermodynamic cooling action does not occur by simply moving the adsorbate vapor accompanying desorption and adsorption, the adsorbate vapor obtained by desorption is cooled in order to extract the latent heat of the adsorbate. Then, a process of once condensing and then evaporating this is indispensable. This desorption vapor is condensed through the condenser 400 cooled by the cooling water circulation circuit 300 having the air cooler 310, and the liquefied adsorbate condensed in the condenser 400 is evaporated in the evaporator 600, so that the desired medium is removed. It takes away heat, that is, takes out the cooling action. At that time, the pressures of the condenser 400 and the evaporator 600 are 4 as long as the condensation temperature is 35 ° C., for example, from the gas-liquid equilibrium relationship as an operating variable.
The temperature is 2.2 mmHg, and if the evaporation temperature is 5 ° C., it is 6.5 mmHg, and the condenser 400 and the evaporator 600 are designed so as to satisfy this condition involving heat transfer.
【００１２】蒸気流路の切り替え：２基の吸着剤充填槽
の内部は４方切替弁７００の２つの流路を介して連通
し、４方切替弁７００の流路のうち他の２つの流路は、
一方から他方に向かって、凝縮器４００、液体貯溜用容
器５００、蒸発器６００の順に連結する密閉循環系形成
手段８００により密閉的に連結されて単一の蒸気流路を
形成する。そしてこれらは単一の蒸気流路を形成し、２
基の吸着剤充填槽がそれぞれ脱着と吸着を交互に繰り返
すのに対し、常に脱着側の吸着剤充填槽の空所は凝縮器
４００の入口側に、吸着側の吸着剤充填槽の空所は蒸発
器６００の出口側に連結され、一方向蒸気流を生成す
る。Switching of vapor flow paths: The insides of the two adsorbent-filled tanks are communicated with each other through the two flow paths of the four-way switching valve 700 and the other two flow paths of the four-way switching valve 700. The road is
From one side to the other side, the condenser 400, the liquid storage container 500, and the evaporator 600 are hermetically connected by the closed circulation system forming means 800 that is connected in this order to form a single vapor flow path. And they form a single vapor flow path,
Whereas the base adsorbent filling tank alternately repeats desorption and adsorption, the desorption side adsorbent filling tank is always on the inlet side of the condenser 400 and the adsorption side adsorbent filling tank is on the adsorbent side. It is connected to the outlet side of the evaporator 600 and produces a one-way steam flow.
【００１３】脱着と吸着作用切替えに伴う蒸気流量変動
の抑制：液体貯溜用容器５００は２基の吸着剤充填槽の
脱着と吸着に交互に切替えしたとき、蒸気流路内の蒸気
量変動を抑制するバッファーの作用を行う。Suppression of variation in vapor flow rate due to switching of desorption and adsorption: When the liquid storage container 500 is alternately switched between desorption and adsorption of two adsorbent-filled tanks, variation in vapor amount in the vapor passage is suppressed. Acts as a buffer.
【００１４】冷却作用：凝縮器４００で液化された吸着
質は蒸発器６００の入口部でその圧力飽和温度まで自己
冷却し、その後、冷却負荷である媒体から熱を奪って蒸
発する。例えば蒸発圧力飽和温度が５℃のとき、水の蒸
発潜熱は１９６８日本機械学会蒸気表により５９４．６
Ｋcal ／kgであるから、単位重量（１kg）の吸着剤当た
り２３．８Ｋcal の冷却効果を得る。Cooling action: The adsorbate liquefied in the condenser 400 self-cools to its pressure saturation temperature at the inlet of the evaporator 600, and then takes heat from the medium, which is a cooling load, and evaporates. For example, when the vaporization pressure saturation temperature is 5 ° C., the latent heat of vaporization of water is 594.6 according to the 1968 Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers steam table.
Since it is Kcal / kg, a cooling effect of 23.8 Kcal per unit weight (1 kg) of the adsorbent is obtained.
【００１５】内燃機関の排熱回収：自動車、建設機械、
マリンボート等内燃機関を動力源とする乗り物の、又は
ディーゼル発電機等を装備する設備等に用いられる内燃
機関の冷却は冷却水循環回路２１０により、機関のシリ
ンダー周りに冷却水を循環的に流してなされる。この冷
却水循環回路２１０に排気熱交換機２２０を直列又は並
列接続して、機関の排熱を回収し従来の冷却水循環回路
２１０で回収されるより高温かつ所定量の熱回収を行
い、吸着剤の脱着温度を高め、吸着質の呼吸量を増加
し、以て吸着剤単位重量当たりの蒸気発生量を増加さ
せ、冷却効果を高める。更に付言すれば、同じ冷却効果
を得るのに対し少ない吸着剤量で吸着剤充填槽の小型
化、軽量化をもたらす。また、車両の冷房負荷は、車
種、運転条件、気象条件により異なるが、一例を挙げる
と次の如くなる。すなわち、排気量２０００ccクラスの
乗用車の場合、 外気温度３５℃ 車室内温度２５℃とすると、 車速４０Ｋｍ／ｈ 走行時約３５００Ｋcal ／ｈ アイドリング運転時約２５００Ｋcal ／ｈとなる。一
方、特にアイドリング運転時に着目すると、既設の冷却
水系におけるラジエーターの放熱量は約２６００Ｋcal
／ｈと見積もられる。加熱に用いられる熱量に対し冷却
に寄与する熱量は、この種の冷却装置の成績係数が０．
５〜０．７であることを考慮すれば、不足することが解
る。ここで、排気の保有する熱量を、２００℃程度まで
回収すれば、内燃機関から全体として回収される熱量は
約４５００Ｋcal ／ｈと見積られ、冷房負荷を十分賄い
得る熱量である。走行条件に付いても同様に熱勘定で
き、排気熱回収が必要である。Exhaust heat recovery of internal combustion engine: automobile, construction machine,
A cooling water circulation circuit 210 circulates cooling water around a cylinder of the engine to cool a vehicle such as a marine boat that uses an internal combustion engine as a power source or a facility equipped with a diesel generator or the like. Done. Exhaust heat exchanger 220 is connected to this cooling water circulation circuit 210 in series or in parallel to recover the exhaust heat of the engine to recover a higher temperature and a predetermined amount of heat than that recovered by the conventional cooling water circulation circuit 210 to desorb the adsorbent. It raises the temperature and the respiration rate of the adsorbate, thereby increasing the amount of steam generated per unit weight of the adsorbent and enhancing the cooling effect. Further, in addition to the same cooling effect, the adsorbent filling tank can be made smaller and lighter with a small amount of adsorbent. The cooling load of the vehicle varies depending on the type of vehicle, operating conditions, and weather conditions, but is as follows as an example. That is, in the case of a passenger car with a displacement of 2000cc, if the outside air temperature is 35 ° C and the passenger compartment temperature is 25 ° C, the vehicle speed is 40Km / h, the driving speed is about 3500Kcal / h, and the idling operation is about 2500Kcal / h. On the other hand, especially when idling, paying attention to the amount of heat dissipated by the radiator in the existing cooling water system is about 2600 Kcal.
/ H. Regarding the amount of heat that contributes to cooling with respect to the amount of heat used for heating, the coefficient of performance of this type of cooling device is 0.
Considering that it is 5 to 0.7, it can be seen that there is a shortage. Here, if the heat quantity of the exhaust gas is recovered to about 200 ° C., the heat quantity recovered from the internal combustion engine as a whole is estimated to be about 4500 Kcal / h, which is a heat quantity that can sufficiently cover the cooling load. Heat can be calculated in the same way even under driving conditions, and exhaust heat recovery is required.
【００１６】空気冷却器及び又は凝縮能力増加蒸発器６
００には冷却負荷として水蒸気を含んだ空気が作用する
ので、蒸発器で冷却された空気中の水蒸気の飽和分圧は
下がり、余分の水蒸気はドレン６０１として分離され
る。この冷えたドレン６０１を冷却水循環回路３００の
空気冷却器３１０及び又は冷却水循環回路３００で冷却
される凝縮器４００の冷却に使えば、冷熱の損失防止と
空気冷却器及び又は凝縮の能力増加に役立つ。Air cooler and / or evaporator with increased condensation capacity 6
Since air containing water vapor acts as a cooling load on 00, the saturated partial pressure of water vapor in the air cooled by the evaporator decreases, and excess water vapor is separated as drain 601. If this cooled drain 601 is used for cooling the air cooler 310 of the cooling water circulation circuit 300 and / or the condenser 400 cooled by the cooling water circulation circuit 300, it helps prevent loss of cold heat and increases the capacity of the air cooler and / or condensation. ..
【００１７】吸着剤の選定：吸着質が決まり、吸着温
度、脱着温度、蒸気圧力、凝縮圧力が決まると、吸着剤
の選定いかんは吸着式冷却器の単位重量当たりの冷却能
力を支配する要因となる。吸着質を水とし、吸着温度／
脱着温度＝３５／８５℃、蒸発温度飽和圧力／凝縮温度
飽和圧力＝６．５／４２．２mmＨｇに対する吸着剤の呼
吸量は下記の通りであり、 (1) ４．０％ (2) ３．２％ (3) ２．５％ (4) １．
５％ ただし、 (1) ＪＩＳ Ａ型シリカゲル (2) 活性アルミナ (3) ゼオライト４Ａ (4) ゼオライト１３Ｘ であり、オングストロームオーダーの粒状多孔のＪＩＳ
Ａ型シリカゲル〜活性アルミナが吸着剤として好適であ
る。Selection of adsorbent: Once the adsorbate is determined and the adsorption temperature, desorption temperature, vapor pressure, and condensation pressure are determined, the choice of adsorbent is a factor that controls the cooling capacity per unit weight of the adsorption cooler. Become. Water as the adsorbate, adsorption temperature /
The respiration rate of the adsorbent for desorption temperature = 35/85 ° C., evaporation temperature saturation pressure / condensation temperature saturation pressure = 6.5 / 42.2 mmHg is as follows: (1) 4.0% (2) 3. 2% (3) 2.5% (4) 1.
5% However, (1) JIS A type silica gel (2) Activated alumina (3) Zeolite 4A (4) Zeolite 13X, which is a granular porous JIS of Angstrom order
A type silica gel to activated alumina are suitable as the adsorbent.
【００１８】しかしながら、その後の研究により、この
ような冷却装置では、蒸発器内部の液面は、図１２に示
すように、固定式流量調節弁により凝縮器４００からの
供給量を調節するので、調節弁上流側の液のヘッドによ
り供給量が変動し、蒸発量と供給量のバランスがとりに
くい故、液面を適正レベルに保てず、蒸発量に対し、供
給過剰になったり、過少供給になったりして、いずれの
場合も、冷却能力が低下する。また、タンクを含む供給
側の位置関係が蒸発器の制御液面より必ず上方になけれ
ばならないので、これがシステム構成や機器の配置上の
制約となり、装置の大型化等の障害になっている。本発
明はこのような事情に鑑みて提案されたもので、吸着剤
槽を小型化して装置の配置の自由度を大きくし冷房能力
の増加を図ると共に、作動媒体の液面を常に一定に保っ
て蒸発器性能を常時最大に発揮する省エネルギかつ無公
害の吸着式冷却装置を提供することを目的とする。However, as a result of subsequent research, in such a cooling device, the liquid level inside the evaporator controls the supply amount from the condenser 400 by the fixed flow rate control valve as shown in FIG. The supply amount fluctuates due to the liquid head on the upstream side of the control valve, and it is difficult to balance the evaporation amount and the supply amount.Therefore, the liquid surface cannot be maintained at an appropriate level, and the supply amount becomes excessive or insufficient for the evaporation amount. In any case, the cooling capacity decreases. Further, since the positional relationship on the supply side including the tank must be always above the control liquid level of the evaporator, this becomes a constraint on the system configuration and the arrangement of devices, which is an obstacle to the enlargement of the device. The present invention has been proposed in view of such circumstances, and the adsorbent tank is downsized to increase the degree of freedom of arrangement of the device to increase the cooling capacity, and at the same time, keep the liquid surface of the working medium constant. It is an object of the present invention to provide an energy-saving and pollution-free adsorption-type cooling device that always maximizes evaporator performance.
【００１９】[0019]
【課題を解決するための手段】そのために本発明は、固
体吸着剤及び伝熱管を内蔵してなる吸着剤充填槽を少な
くも２槽設け、上記各充填槽を冷媒が一方向蒸気流を生
成して循環するように凝縮器及び蒸発器を接続すると共
に、上記充填槽の一方が吸着工程を行うときは他方が脱
着工程を行うよう交互に工程を切換える吸着式冷却装置
において、上記蒸発器の冷媒入口側に液面レベルの検出
手段を有する受液タンクを設けると共に、同受液タンク
の入口側に上記液面レベル検出手段の出力に基づいて開
閉する弁を具えたことを特徴とする。To this end, according to the present invention, at least two adsorbent filling tanks containing a solid adsorbent and heat transfer tubes are provided, and each of the filling tanks produces a unidirectional vapor flow. In addition to connecting the condenser and the evaporator so as to circulate, when the one of the filling tanks performs the adsorption process, the other alternately performs the desorption process. A liquid receiving tank having liquid level detecting means is provided on the refrigerant inlet side, and a valve that opens and closes based on the output of the liquid level detecting means is provided on the inlet side of the liquid receiving tank.
【００２０】[0020]
【作用】このような構成によれば、吸着剤充填槽１００
Ａ，１００Ｂの熱媒体供給口１３１Ａ，１３１Ｂの入
口，出口をそれぞれ加熱用熱媒体回路２００，冷却水循
環回路３００に各１対の方向切替弁９００，１０００に
より並列接続的に切替えることで、吸着剤槽を小型化し
て配置及び装着の自由度を大きくするとともに冷房能力
を増加して省エネルギかつ無公害の吸着式冷凍装置が得
られる。また、蒸発器では、凝縮器から供給される媒体
は適正な液面ｈに保たれ、蒸発器内の液面は常に一定に
保たれるので、常時蒸発器としての性能を最大に発揮す
ることができる。According to such a configuration, the adsorbent filling tank 100
The inlet and outlet of the heat medium supply ports 131A and 131B of A and 100B are switched in parallel to the heating heat medium circuit 200 and the cooling water circulation circuit 300 by a pair of directional control valves 900 and 1000, respectively, to thereby form an adsorbent. It is possible to obtain an energy-saving and pollution-free adsorption type refrigeration system by downsizing the tank and increasing the degree of freedom of arrangement and mounting and increasing the cooling capacity. Further, in the evaporator, the medium supplied from the condenser is kept at an appropriate liquid level h, and the liquid level in the evaporator is always kept constant, so that the performance of the evaporator is always maximized. You can
【００２１】[0021]
【実施例】本発明の一実施例を図面について説明する
と、図１は図６の蒸発器の部分縦断面図、図２は図１の
液面検出手段の変形例を示す説明図で、図６と同一の符
号はそれぞれ同図と同一の部材を示し、６０２は受液タ
ンクで、その上端は均圧管６０３を経て蒸発器のガスヘ
ッダー６０４に連通する共にその下端は連通管６０５を
介して液ヘッダー６０６に連通している。６０７は受液
タンク６０２に付設されたフロートスイッチで、制御器
６０８により電磁弁６０９を介して媒体の蒸発器６００
ａへの流入を制御する。このような構造において、蒸発
器の液面が低下すると、フロートスイッチ６０７が作動
し、制御器６０８により電磁弁６０９を開いて媒体を受
液タンク６０２に供給し、そのレベルが設定値に達する
とフロートスイッチ６０７が作動して電磁弁６０９を閉
じるので、蒸発器内部の液面は常に最適のレベルｈに保
たれる。なお、蒸発器の液面レベルの制御は、図２(A)
，(B) にそれぞれ示すフロート弁による機械的な制御
手段を採ることもできる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the drawings, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view of the evaporator shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the liquid level detecting means shown in FIG. The same reference numerals as 6 denote the same members as in the figure, respectively, and 602 is a liquid receiving tank, the upper end of which communicates with the gas header 604 of the evaporator through the pressure equalizing pipe 603 and the lower end of which through the communication pipe 605. It communicates with the liquid header 606. Reference numeral 607 denotes a float switch attached to the liquid receiving tank 602, which is a controller 608 through a solenoid valve 609 to evaporate the medium 600.
Control the inflow to a. In such a structure, when the liquid level of the evaporator is lowered, the float switch 607 is activated, and the controller 608 opens the electromagnetic valve 609 to supply the medium to the liquid receiving tank 602, and when the level reaches the set value. Since the float switch 607 operates to close the solenoid valve 609, the liquid level inside the evaporator is always kept at the optimum level h. Note that the liquid level control of the evaporator is shown in Fig. 2 (A).
The mechanical control means by the float valve shown in (B) can also be used.
【００２２】このような構造によれば、蒸発器内の媒体
は常に一定レベルに保たれるので、常時蒸発器としての
性能を最大に発揮することができる。本発明は図７に示
した吸着式冷却装置の蒸発器にも適用できることはいう
までもない。According to such a structure, the medium in the evaporator is always kept at a constant level, so that the performance of the evaporator can be maximized at all times. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to the evaporator of the adsorption cooling device shown in FIG.
【００２３】このように、液面制御手段を有する蒸発器
を付設した吸着式冷却装置によれば、下記の効果が奏せ
られる。 (1) 吸着剤槽１４（図４）と蒸気槽１５（図４）は互い
に分離構成されているので、その設置はかなり自由にな
る。 (2) 冷却回路の熱交換器２２（図４）と吸着式冷凍機１
の蒸発部２（蒸発器）（図４）を兼用することにより構
造が簡単になる。 (3) 脱着のための熱源としては、固有吸着剤の呼吸量を
多くして蒸発に寄与する冷媒量を多くし、冷媒能力を大
きくするには、脱着温度は高いのが好ましく機関の冷却
水に基づく機関排熱だけでは不十分の場合には機関の排
気が保有する熱も利用して吸着質の呼吸量増加に寄与
し、冷却装置の単位重量当の冷却能力は向上する。 (4) 蒸気流路は唯一であり、この種の冷却装置としては
極めて簡素な構成であり小型化及び軽量化に寄与すると
ころ大であると共に、極めて簡素な構成による信頼性増
加も期待できる。 (5) 軽量化とエンジン動力を要しないことに伴い乗り物
の運搬動力は低減され燃費向上になる。 (6) フロン系冷媒を使わずに冷却能力を取り出すことが
できるので、オゾン層破壊の防止に寄与するところ大で
ある。As described above, according to the adsorption type cooling device provided with the evaporator having the liquid level control means, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since the adsorbent tank 14 (Fig. 4) and the steam tank 15 (Fig. 4) are configured separately from each other, their installation is quite free. (2) Heat exchanger 22 of cooling circuit (Fig. 4) and adsorption refrigerator 1
The structure is simplified by also using the evaporation unit 2 (evaporator) of FIG. 4 (FIG. 4). (3) As a heat source for desorption, it is preferable that the desorption temperature is high in order to increase the breathing amount of the specific adsorbent to increase the amount of refrigerant that contributes to evaporation and to increase the refrigerant capacity. When the exhaust heat of the engine based on the above is insufficient, the heat retained by the exhaust of the engine is also used to contribute to the increase of the respiration rate of the adsorbate, and the cooling capacity per unit weight of the cooling device is improved. (4) Since there is only one steam flow path, this type of cooling device has an extremely simple structure, which greatly contributes to downsizing and weight reduction. At the same time, an extremely simple structure can be expected to increase reliability. (5) Since the vehicle is lighter in weight and does not require engine power, vehicle transportation power is reduced and fuel efficiency is improved. (6) Since the cooling capacity can be taken out without using a CFC-based refrigerant, it greatly contributes to the prevention of ozone layer depletion.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】要するに本発明によれば、固体吸着剤及
び伝熱管を内蔵してなる吸着剤充填槽を少なくも２槽設
け、上記各充填槽を冷媒が一方向蒸気流を生成して循環
するように凝縮器及び蒸発器を接続すると共に、上記充
填槽の一方が吸着工程を行うときは他方が脱着工程を行
うよう交互に工程を切換える吸着式冷却装置において、
上記蒸発器の冷媒入口側に液面レベルの検出手段を有す
る受液タンクを設けると共に、同受液タンクの入口側に
上記液面レベル検出手段の出力に基づいて開閉する弁を
具えたことにより、吸着剤槽を小型化して装置の配置の
自由度を大きくし冷房能力の増加を図ると共に、作動媒
体の液面を常に一定に保って蒸発器性能を常時最大に発
揮する省エネルギかつ無公害の吸着式冷却装置を得るか
ら、本発明は産業上極めて有益なものである。In summary, according to the present invention, at least two adsorbent filling tanks containing a solid adsorbent and a heat transfer tube are provided, and the refrigerant circulates in each of the filling tanks by generating a unidirectional vapor flow. In addition to connecting the condenser and the evaporator so that, when one of the filling tanks perform the adsorption process, the other alternately performs the desorption process in the adsorption cooling device,
By providing a liquid receiving tank having liquid level detecting means on the refrigerant inlet side of the evaporator, and having a valve opened and closed based on the output of the liquid level detecting means at the inlet side of the liquid receiving tank. , The adsorbent tank is miniaturized to increase the degree of freedom of arrangement of the device to increase the cooling capacity, and the liquid surface of the working medium is always kept constant to maximize the evaporator performance. Energy saving and no pollution. The present invention is extremely useful in industry because it can obtain the adsorption type cooling device.
【図１】本発明の一実施例に係る蒸発器を示す縦断面図
である。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の蒸発器の液面制御手段の変形例を示す説
明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the liquid level control means of the evaporator of FIG.
【図３】公知のフロンガスを使用したカークーラーシス
テムを示す系統図である。FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing a car cooler system using a known CFC gas.
【図４】公知の吸着式カークーラーを示す系統図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing a known adsorption type car cooler.
【図５】図３の詳細図である。FIG. 5 is a detailed view of FIG.
【図６】本出願人がさきに提案した特願平２−３２４８
５６号に係る吸着式冷凍装置を示す全体系統図である。FIG. 6 Japanese Patent Application No. 2-3248 previously proposed by the applicant.
It is the whole system diagram showing the adsorption type refrigeration equipment concerning No. 56.
【図７】図６の変形例を示す同じく全体系統図である。FIG. 7 is an overall system diagram showing a modification of FIG.
【図８】，[FIG. 8]
【図９】，[FIG. 9]
【図１０】はそれぞれ代表的な吸着剤の吸着等温線を示
す線図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing adsorption isotherms of typical adsorbents.
【図１１】吸着質の呼吸量の比較例を示す線図である。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a comparative example of respiration rate of adsorbate.
【図１２】図６の蒸発器を示す縦断面図である。12 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the evaporator of FIG.
【００２５】[0025]
１００Ａ，１００Ｂ 吸着剤充填槽 １０１ 吸着剤充填槽内の空所 １１０ 熱交換部材 １２０ 固体吸着剤 １３０ 筒状容器 １３１Ａ，１３１Ｂ 熱媒体供給口 ２００ 加熱用熱媒体回路 ２１０ 機関の冷却水循環回路 ２１１ 機関 ２１２ ラジエーター ２１３ 分流弁 ２１４ ポンプ ２１５ パイピング ２２０ 排気熱交換器 ３００ 冷却水循環回路 ３１０ 空気冷却器 ３２０ ポンプ ４００ 凝縮器 ５００ 凝縮液体貯溜容器 ５５０ 気液分離器 ５６０ 水戻し管 ５６１ 逆止弁 ５６２ 電磁弁 ６００，６００ａ 蒸発器 ６０１ ドレン ６０２ 受液タンク ６０３ 均圧管 ６０４ ガスヘッダー ６０５ 連通管 ６０６ 液ヘッダー ６０７ フロート弁 ６０８ 制御器 ６０９ 電磁弁 ６１０ 冷却負荷 ６１１ ダクト ６１２ 送風機 ７００ ４方切換弁 ８００ 密閉循環系形成手段 ８１０ 蒸気通路 ８１１ 絞り弁 ９００ 方向切替弁 １０００ 方向切替弁 １１００ 水冷媒（吸着質） 100A, 100B Adsorbent filling tank 101 Vacant in adsorbent filling tank 110 Heat exchange member 120 Solid adsorbent 130 Cylindrical vessel 131A, 131B Heat medium supply port 200 Heating heat medium circuit 210 Engine cooling water circulation circuit 211 Engine 212 Radiator 213 Dividing valve 214 Pump 215 Piping 220 Exhaust heat exchanger 300 Cooling water circulation circuit 310 Air cooler 320 Pump 400 Condenser 500 Condensed liquid storage container 550 Gas-liquid separator 560 Water return pipe 561 Check valve 562 Solenoid valve 600, 600a Evaporator 601 Drain 602 Liquid receiving tank 603 Pressure equalizing pipe 604 Gas header 605 Communication pipe 606 Liquid header 607 Float valve 608 Controller 609 Solenoid valve 610 Cooling load 611 Duct 612 Blower 700 4-way switching valve 800 Closed circulation System forming means 810 steam passage 811 throttle valve 900 direction switching valve 1000 direction switching valve 1100 water coolant (adsorbate)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成３年９月１９日[Submission date] September 19, 1991
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】図面[Document name to be corrected] Drawing
【補正対象項目名】図１[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 1
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【図１】 [Figure 1]
【手続補正２】[Procedure Amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】全文[Name of item to be corrected] Full text
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【書類名】 明細書[Document name] Statement
【発明の名称】 吸着式冷却装置Title: Adsorption cooling device
【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は吸着式冷却装置に関す
る。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an adsorption cooling device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、自動車，建設機械，マリンボー
ト等内燃機関を動力源とする乗り物の室内及び又は冷蔵
庫冷却用として、図３に示すように、フロンガスを冷媒
とし前記機関を動力源とする蒸気圧縮式冷却装置が従来
より知られている。この種の蒸気圧縮式冷却装置は、走
行乃至作業を目的とする機関の出力の一部を冷却のため
に使用するのであるから、機関の負担が増加するのみな
らず、燃料消費率を低下させる不具合があり、また最近
は専らフレオンを冷媒として使用するのでオゾン層破壊
の問題から総量規制、生産削減等の法規制が取られるに
至っている。2. Description of the Related Art For cooling a room and / or a refrigerator of a vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine such as an automobile, a construction machine, a marine boat, etc., as shown in FIG. Vapor compression cooling devices have been known for some time. Since this type of vapor compression cooling device uses a part of the output of the engine for running or working for cooling, it not only increases the load on the engine but also reduces the fuel consumption rate. There are some problems, and recently, Freon is exclusively used as a refrigerant. Therefore, due to the problem of ozone layer depletion, regulations such as total amount control and production reduction have been taken.
【０００３】そこで、これに対処する目的で、エンジン
の排熱を加熱部の熱源とする吸着式冷凍機を用い、フロ
ンガスを用いない自動車クーラーが、実開平０１−１２
６８１１号により提案されている。この提案は、図４に
示すように、蒸発部２と、蒸発部２から発生する冷媒蒸
気を吸着する吸着部３と、吸着した冷媒蒸気を加熱によ
り蒸発（脱着の意味と解される）させる加熱部４と、加
熱部からの蒸気を凝縮させる凝縮部５とを有する吸着式
冷凍機１を設けるとともに、蒸発部２の熱交換器６を自
動車室内冷房用の冷房回路７に接続し、吸着部３及び凝
縮部５の熱交換器８及び９を密閉型空冷回路１０に接続
し、加熱部４の熱交換器１１をエンジン熱供給回路１２
に接続し、熱源として自動車エンジンの冷却排熱の一部
を利用するのである。Therefore, for the purpose of coping with this, an automobile cooler that uses an adsorption refrigerator that uses exhaust heat of an engine as a heat source of a heating unit and does not use CFCs is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model No. 01-12.
No. 6811. In this proposal, as shown in FIG. 4, an evaporation unit 2, an adsorption unit 3 for adsorbing a refrigerant vapor generated from the evaporation unit 2, and an adsorbed refrigerant vapor are evaporated (understood as desorption) by heating. An adsorption refrigerator 1 having a heating part 4 and a condensing part 5 for condensing the vapor from the heating part is provided, and the heat exchanger 6 of the evaporating part 2 is connected to a cooling circuit 7 for cooling the interior of the vehicle for adsorption. The heat exchangers 8 and 9 of the section 3 and the condenser section 5 are connected to the closed air cooling circuit 10, and the heat exchanger 11 of the heating section 4 is connected to the engine heat supply circuit 12.
And uses part of the cooling exhaust heat of the automobile engine as a heat source.
【０００４】この構造を詳説すると、図５に示すよう
に、吸着式冷凍機１はそれぞれ蒸気流路１３により接続
された吸着剤槽１４と蒸気槽１５とを真空状態のもとに
密閉したまま両槽１４，１５に熱交換器を各別に設けて
なる２個の吸脱ユニットＡ，Ｂを設け、吸着剤槽１４に
は冷媒例えば水を一定量吸着させたシリカ系の固体吸着
剤Ｓを充填する。そして吸脱ユニットＡの吸着剤槽１４
の熱交換器を加熱部４の熱交換器１１としてエンジン熱
供給回路１２に接続し、吸脱ユニットＡの蒸気槽１５と
吸脱ユニットＢの吸着剤槽１４とにおける熱交換器をそ
れぞれ熱交換器９，８として空冷回路１０に接続して冷
却水を供給する。更に吸脱ユニットＢの蒸気槽１５の熱
交換器を蒸発部２の熱交換器６として冷房回路７に接続
する。To explain this structure in detail, as shown in FIG. 5, in the adsorption refrigerator 1, the adsorbent tank 14 and the steam tank 15 which are respectively connected by the steam flow path 13 are hermetically sealed under a vacuum state. Two adsorbing / desorbing units A and B, which are respectively provided with heat exchangers respectively, are provided in both tanks 14 and 15, and the adsorbent tank 14 is provided with a silica-based solid adsorbent S adsorbing a certain amount of a refrigerant, for example, water. Fill. And the adsorbent tank 14 of the adsorption / desorption unit A
Is connected to the engine heat supply circuit 12 as the heat exchanger 11 of the heating section 4, and the heat exchangers in the steam tank 15 of the adsorption / desorption unit A and the adsorbent tank 14 of the adsorption / desorption unit B are respectively heat-exchanged. The cooling water is supplied by connecting to the air cooling circuit 10 as the vessels 9 and 8. Further, the heat exchanger of the steam tank 15 of the adsorption / desorption unit B is connected to the cooling circuit 7 as the heat exchanger 6 of the evaporator 2.
【０００５】このようにして、まず吸脱ユニットＡの吸
着剤槽１４内の固体吸着剤Ｓをエンジン熱の供給により
加熱し、吸着していた冷媒水分を蒸発させつつ蒸気流路
１３を経て熱交換器９で凝縮させ（これを当出願人は脱
着という）、かつ吸脱ユニットＢにおいては、吸脱ユニ
ットＡの脱着完了の下に、吸着剤槽１４の熱交換器８に
３０℃程度の冷水を供給し、蒸気槽１５の熱交換器６に
は冷房回路７の冷水を通じることにより、冷媒蒸気の吸
着作用を発揮させて、蒸気槽１５の熱交換器６に凝縮し
ていた冷媒水を蒸発させ、そのときの潜熱で冷房回路７
の冷水を８℃程度まで冷却する。ここで、熱交換器１１
と８，９と６は対交換して運転され、蒸気流路１３によ
り接続された吸着剤槽１４と蒸気槽１５とを真空状態の
もとに密閉したまま両槽１４，１５に熱交換器を各別に
設け、吸着剤槽１４には冷媒例えば水を一定量吸着させ
たシリカ系の固体吸着剤Ｓを充填し、吸脱ユニットＡ，
Ｂの吸着剤槽１４は交互に加熱と冷却を受け、対応する
蒸気槽１５はそれぞれ凝縮部５（凝縮器）及び蒸発部２
（蒸発器）として交互に作用し、冷房回路は常に蒸発部
に切り替え接続することで、蒸発部の冷媒の蒸発に伴う
潜熱により効果的な冷房作用を行うのである。In this way, first, the solid adsorbent S in the adsorbent tank 14 of the adsorption / desorption unit A is heated by the supply of engine heat to evaporate the adsorbed refrigerant moisture and heat it through the vapor flow path 13. After condensing in the exchanger 9 (this is called desorption by the applicant), and in the adsorption / desorption unit B, after the desorption of the adsorption / desorption unit A is completed, the heat exchanger 8 of the adsorbent tank 14 is heated to about 30 ° C. By supplying cold water and passing the cold water of the cooling circuit 7 through the heat exchanger 6 of the steam tank 15, the refrigerant water is made to exhibit the adsorbing action of the refrigerant steam and condensed in the heat exchanger 6 of the steam tank 15. And the latent heat at that time causes the cooling circuit 7 to evaporate.
The cold water in the above is cooled to about 8 ° C. Here, the heat exchanger 11
And 8, 9 and 6 are operated in pairs, and the adsorbent tank 14 and the steam tank 15 connected by the steam flow path 13 are hermetically sealed under a vacuum condition to both tanks 14 and 15. The adsorbent tank 14 is filled with a silica-based solid adsorbent S that adsorbs a certain amount of a refrigerant, for example, water.
The adsorbent tank 14 of B is alternately heated and cooled, and the corresponding steam tanks 15 are respectively condensed by the condenser 5 (condenser) and the evaporator 2.
By alternately operating as an (evaporator) and switching and connecting the cooling circuit to the evaporating section at all times, an effective cooling operation is performed by latent heat accompanying evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporating section.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな吸着式冷凍機１はそれぞれ吸着剤槽１４と蒸気槽１
５を蒸気通路１３で一体に連結してなる吸脱ユニット
Ａ，Ｂを２基必要とするので、現在入手し得る固体吸着
剤Ｓの吸着量特性では、吸着剤槽１４はかなり大きな容
積を必要とし、蒸発の潜熱を取り出すための熱交換器の
所要面積もかなり大きくなる。自動車用のように、小
型，軽量，低燃費（高性能），無公害を商品価値の判断
尺度に持ち、各種機器の装着密度の極めて高い用途に対
しては、低燃費及びフロンガスに対する無公害の点でこ
の提案は優れているが、下記のように、改善すべき点も
ある。 （１）内燃機関を動力源とする乗り物その他設備等で
は、前記機関を冷却するための冷却水から得られる排熱
を利用するだけでは、所要温度レベルと熱量がアイドリ
ング運転時に不足する。 （２）吸着剤槽１４と蒸気槽１５を一体的に構成するこ
とは、装着の自由度を制約する。 （３）冷房回路の熱交換器２２と吸着式冷凍機１の蒸発
部２（蒸気器）を兼用することが有利である。 （４）脱着に便利な熱源としては、固体吸着剤の呼吸量
を多くして蒸発に寄与する冷媒量を多くし、冷房能力を
大きくするには、脱着温度は高いのが好ましく、機関の
冷却水に基づく機関排熱だけでは不十分の場合は機関の
排気が保有する熱も併用するのが望ましい。However, such an adsorption type refrigerator 1 has an adsorbent tank 14 and a steam tank 1, respectively.
Since two adsorbing / desorbing units A and B in which 5 are integrally connected by the vapor passage 13 are required, the adsorbent tank 14 requires a considerably large volume in the adsorbing amount characteristics of the solid adsorbent S currently available. Therefore, the required area of the heat exchanger for taking out latent heat of vaporization becomes considerably large. It has small size, light weight, low fuel consumption (high performance), and no pollution as criteria for evaluating the product value, such as for automobiles, and it has low fuel consumption and no pollution to CFCs for applications with extremely high mounting density of various equipment. Although this proposal is excellent in terms of points, there are some points to be improved as described below. (1) In a vehicle or other equipment that uses an internal combustion engine as a power source, the required temperature level and the amount of heat are insufficient during idling only by using the exhaust heat obtained from the cooling water for cooling the engine. (2) Forming the adsorbent tank 14 and the steam tank 15 integrally limits the degree of freedom in mounting. (3) It is advantageous to use both the heat exchanger 22 of the cooling circuit and the evaporation unit 2 (steamer) of the adsorption refrigerator 1. (4) As a convenient heat source for desorption, it is preferable that the desorption temperature is high in order to increase the breathing amount of the solid adsorbent to increase the amount of refrigerant that contributes to evaporation, and to increase the cooling capacity. If the exhaust heat from the engine based on water is not enough, it is desirable to use the heat stored in the exhaust of the engine together.
【０００７】そこで、本出願人はさきに特願平２−３２
４８５６号をもって下記するような吸着式冷凍装置を提
案した。すなわち、図６において、１００Ａ，１００Ｂ
はそれぞれ吸着剤充填槽、１０１は吸着剤充填槽内の空
所、１１０は熱交換部材、１２０は固体吸着剤、１３０
は筒状容器、１３１Ａ、１３１Ｂは熱媒体供給口、２０
０は加熱用熱媒体回路、２１０は機関の冷却水循環回
路、２１１は機関、２１２はラジエーター、２１３は分
流弁、２１４はポンプ、２１５はパイピング、２２０は
排気熱交換器、３００は冷却水循環回路、３１０は空気
冷却器、３２０はポンプ、４００は凝縮器、５００は凝
縮液体貯溜容器、６００は蒸発器、６０１はドレン、６
１１はダクト、６１２は送風機、７００は４方切替弁、
８００は密閉循環系形成手段、８１０は蒸気通路、８１
１は絞り弁、９００は加熱用熱媒体回路２００の方向切
替弁、１０００は冷却水循環回路３００の方向切替弁、
１１００は水冷媒（吸着質）である。Therefore, the present applicant has previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2-32.
With the No. 4856, the following adsorption type refrigeration system was proposed. That is, in FIG. 6, 100A, 100B
Is an adsorbent filling tank, 101 is a space in the adsorbent filling tank, 110 is a heat exchange member, 120 is a solid adsorbent, and 130 is a solid adsorbent.
Is a cylindrical container, 131A and 131B are heat medium supply ports, 20
Reference numeral 0 is a heating heat medium circuit, 210 is an engine cooling water circulation circuit, 211 is an engine, 212 is a radiator, 213 is a flow dividing valve, 214 is a pump, 215 is piping, 220 is an exhaust heat exchanger, 300 is a cooling water circulation circuit, 310 is an air cooler, 320 is a pump, 400 is a condenser, 500 is a condensed liquid storage container, 600 is an evaporator, 601 is a drain, 6
11 is a duct, 612 is a blower, 700 is a 4-way switching valve,
800 is a closed circulation system forming means, 810 is a steam passage, 81
Reference numeral 1 is a throttle valve, 900 is a direction switching valve of the heating medium circuit 200 for heating, 1000 is a direction switching valve of the cooling water circulation circuit 300,
1100 is a water refrigerant (adsorbate).
【０００８】この吸着式冷却装置は２基の吸着剤充填槽
１００Ａ，１００Ｂのそれぞれ内部と固体吸着剤１２０
のなす空所１０１は、４方切替弁９００を介して単一の
蒸気通路８１０で連結され、各吸着剤充填槽１００Ａ，
１００Ｂの熱交換部材１１０は入口及び出口側で夫々加
熱用熱媒体回路２００と冷却水循環回路３００に、方向
切替弁９００及び１０００を介して並列接続され、方向
切替弁の選択的切替えにより、一方の吸着剤充填槽を加
熱し他方を冷却することができる。凝縮器４００、凝縮
液体貯溜容器５００、蒸発器６００は一方の吸着剤充填
槽の空所から他方の吸着剤充填槽の空所へ、密閉循環系
形成手段８００と４方切替弁７００を介して密閉的に連
結され、４方切替弁７００の切替え操作により、脱着工
程にある吸着剤充填槽から脱着（又は放出）される吸着
質蒸気を、吸着工程にある吸着剤充填槽に向け一方向的
に蒸気通路８１０へ蒸気を供給する。蒸気通路８１０へ
供給された蒸気は凝縮器４００で凝縮され、一旦凝縮液
体貯溜容器５００に溜められた後、蒸発器６００で冷却
負荷６１０から蒸発熱を奪って蒸発し、吸着工程にある
吸着剤充填槽内の吸着剤に吸着される。加熱用熱媒体回
路２００は例えば乗り物の動力源となる内燃機関２１１
を冷却するための、ラジエーター２１２，ポンプ２１
４，パイピング２１５よりなり、冷却水循環回路２１０
に排気熱交換器２２０を直列又は並列に接続して、分流
弁２１３を介して、ラジエーター２１２と吸着剤充填槽
を並列接続する。このようにして、機関２１１のシリン
ダー部を冷却して得られるより高温の熱源が得られる。
蒸発器６００からの蒸気通路８１０の上流又は下流側に
は、負荷に適合した蒸気供給を行うため適宜絞り８１１
を設ける。蒸発器６００の負荷は、例えばダクト６１１
を介し送風機６１２により送られる車室内の空気であ
り、冷却に伴って当然ドレンが発生するので、これを空
気冷却器３１０及び又は凝縮器４００すなわち冷却水循
環回路３００の冷却に用いて性能向上を図る。なお、４
方切替弁７００、方向切替弁９００、１０００は２方向
弁を用いて図７変形図に示すようにしても良い。This adsorption-type cooling device includes two adsorbent-filled tanks 100A and 100B and a solid adsorbent 120, respectively.
The empty space 101 formed by is connected by a single steam passage 810 via a four-way switching valve 900, and each adsorbent filling tank 100A,
The heat exchange member 110 of 100B is connected in parallel to the heating heat medium circuit 200 and the cooling water circulation circuit 300 on the inlet side and the outlet side, respectively, via the direction switching valves 900 and 1000, and one of them is selectively switched by the direction switching valve. The adsorbent-filled tank can be heated and the other cooled. The condenser 400, the condensed liquid storage container 500, and the evaporator 600 are moved from the empty space of one adsorbent filling tank to the empty space of the other adsorbent filling tank via the closed circulation system forming means 800 and the four-way switching valve 700. The adsorbate vapor that is hermetically connected and desorbed (or released) from the adsorbent filling tank in the desorption process by the switching operation of the four-way switching valve 700 is unidirectionally directed toward the adsorbent filling tank in the adsorption process. To the steam passage 810. The vapor supplied to the vapor passage 810 is condensed in the condenser 400 and once stored in the condensed liquid storage container 500, and then the evaporator 600 removes the heat of vaporization from the cooling load 610 to evaporate the adsorbent in the adsorption step. Adsorbed by the adsorbent in the filling tank. The heating medium circuit 200 is, for example, an internal combustion engine 211 that serves as a power source for a vehicle.
Radiator 212 and pump 21 for cooling
4, piping 215, cooling water circulation circuit 210
The exhaust heat exchanger 220 is connected in series or in parallel, and the radiator 212 and the adsorbent filling tank are connected in parallel via the flow dividing valve 213. In this way, a higher temperature heat source obtained by cooling the cylinder portion of the engine 211 is obtained.
On the upstream side or the downstream side of the steam passage 810 from the evaporator 600, an appropriate throttle 811 is provided in order to supply steam suitable for the load.
To provide. The load of the evaporator 600 is, for example, the duct 611.
The air is the air in the vehicle compartment sent by the blower 612 through the air, and a drain is naturally generated with the cooling. Therefore, this is used for cooling the air cooler 310 and / or the condenser 400, that is, the cooling water circulation circuit 300 to improve the performance. .. 4
The one-way switching valve 700 and the directional switching valves 900 and 1000 may be two-way valves as shown in the modification of FIG. 7.
【０００９】ここで、冷媒として作用させる水を吸着質
とし、吸着剤を （ａ）ＪＩＳ Ａ型シリカゲル （ｂ）モレキュラシブ１３Ｘ （ｃ）モレキュラシブ ４Ｘ としたときの吸着等温線を示すと、それぞれ図８、図
９、図１０に示す通りである。例えばＪＩＳ Ａ型シリ
カゲルと水の場合は図８に示すように、 水蒸気分圧４２．２ｍｍＨｇ（相当飽和温度３５℃） 吸着剤温度８５℃の時吸着量ｑｔ＝８５＝５％ 水蒸気分圧６．５ｍｍＨｇ（相当飽和温度５℃） 吸着剤温度３５℃の時吸着量ｑｔ＝３５＝９％ とそれぞれ異なった吸着量を示す。そしてこの変化は可
逆変化であるから、吸着剤の温度とそれに対応する吸着
質の圧力を適宜選択すれば、所定量の吸着質の出し入れ
が可能となり、上記の例では吸着量の変化量（呼吸量と
も表現できる）Δｑは４％、すなわち吸着剤１ｋｇ当た
り４０ｇの水分量移動となる。各吸着剤の水分の平衡呼
吸量Δｑを図１１に示す。この装置では吸着剤と吸着質
を充填した容器の２基を設け、それぞれ容器内の吸着剤
と吸着質の界面の上記２水準の圧力と温度を、一方が高
い水準で脱着工程にあるとき他方が低い水準の吸着工程
になるように選択的に切り替えることで、脱着工程にあ
る一方の容器内（又は容器内の吸着剤）から放出される
蒸気は吸着工程にある他方の容器内（又は容器内の吸着
剤）に吸引され、他方の容器（又は容器内の吸着剤）は
一種の吸引ポンプ的作用をする。容器へ又は容器からの
吸着質の移動は気相で進行するから、これが円滑に進む
ように、つまり吸着質の吸着剤への接触と吸着剤からの
分離の均一化のために、容器内には吸着質蒸気の通路と
なる空所を設けここに連結する流路を介して蒸気移動が
なされる。Here, the adsorption isotherms when water acting as a refrigerant is an adsorbate and the adsorbent is (a) JIS A type silica gel (b) molecular 13X (c) molecular 4X are shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. For example, in the case of JIS A type silica gel and water, as shown in FIG. 8, water vapor partial pressure 42.2 mmHg (equivalent saturation temperature 35 ° C.) adsorbent temperature 85 ° C. adsorption amount qt = 85 = 5% water vapor partial pressure 6 0.5 mmHg (equivalent saturation temperature 5 ° C.) When the adsorbent temperature is 35 ° C., the adsorption amount q t = 35 = 9%, which are different from each other. Since this change is a reversible change, it is possible to take in and out a predetermined amount of adsorbate by appropriately selecting the temperature of the adsorbent and the pressure of the corresponding adsorbate. Δq is 4%, that is, 40 g of water is transferred per 1 kg of the adsorbent. FIG. 11 shows the equilibrium respiration amount Δq of water in each adsorbent. This apparatus is provided with two containers, a container filled with an adsorbent and an adsorbate, and the above two levels of pressure and temperature at the interface between the adsorbent and the adsorbate in the container, respectively, when one is in the desorption process at a high level By selectively switching to a lower level adsorption process, the vapor released from one container (or the adsorbent in the container) in the desorption process is in the other container (or container) in the adsorption process. Is sucked by the adsorbent), and the other container (or the adsorbent in the container) acts as a kind of suction pump. Since the transfer of the adsorbate to and from the container proceeds in the gas phase, it must be placed in the container so that it moves smoothly, that is, to make the contact of the adsorbate with the adsorbent and the separation from the adsorbent uniform. Is provided with a cavity serving as a passage for the adsorbate vapor, and vapor is moved through a flow path connected to the cavity.
【００１０】吸着剤界面への熱量の供給と除去：吸着剤
の温度を上げ下げするためには、加熱のための熱源と冷
却のための冷却源を要し、そのために筒状容器１３０の
内部に、吸着剤が熱交換部材１１０の表面を覆うように
熱交換部材１１０を設け、その内部に熱媒体通路を内蔵
し熱媒体供給口１３１Ａ，１３１Ｂを介して外部と連通
する。この外部をそれぞれ吸着剤充填槽１００Ａ，１０
０Ｂの熱媒体供給口１３１Ａ，１３１Ｂの入口と出口を
加熱用熱媒体回路２００と冷却水循環回路３００に並列
的に選択接続する１対の方向切り替弁９００，１０００
に接続することで、加熱源である高温液状の加熱用熱媒
体回路２００と冷却源である空気冷却器３１０を有する
冷却水循環回路３００に選択的に接続し加熱と冷却を行
う。その結果、一方の吸着剤の界面では脱着、他方の吸
着剤の界面では吸着が進行する。Supply and removal of heat from the adsorbent interface: In order to raise or lower the temperature of the adsorbent, a heat source for heating and a cooling source for cooling are required. The heat exchange member 110 is provided so that the adsorbent covers the surface of the heat exchange member 110, and the heat medium passage is built in the heat exchange member 110 and communicates with the outside through the heat medium supply ports 131A and 131B. The adsorbent filling tanks 100A, 10
A pair of directional switching valves 900, 1000 for selectively connecting the inlets and outlets of the heat medium supply ports 131A, 131B of 0B to the heating heat medium circuit 200 and the cooling water circulation circuit 300 in parallel.
By connecting to the cooling water circulation circuit 300 including the heating medium circuit 200 for heating, which is a heating source of high temperature liquid, and the air cooler 310, which is a cooling source, heating and cooling are performed. As a result, desorption occurs at the interface of one adsorbent and adsorption progresses at the interface of the other adsorbent.
【００１１】吸着質蒸気の凝縮と蒸発：脱着と吸着に伴
う吸着質蒸気の単なる移動では熱力学的冷却作用は起こ
らないので、吸着質の潜熱を取り出すには脱着により得
られる吸着質蒸気を冷却して一旦凝縮させた後、これを
蒸発させる工程が不可欠である。この脱着蒸気の凝縮
を、空気冷却器３１０を有する冷却水循環回路３００で
冷却される凝縮器４００を介して行い、凝縮器４００で
凝縮した液化吸着質を蒸発器６００で蒸発させ、所望の
媒体から熱を奪う、すなわち冷却作用を取り出す。その
際、凝縮器４００と蒸発器６１０の圧力は動作変数とし
て気液平衡の関係から、例えば凝縮温度３５℃なら４
２．２ｍｍＨｇ，蒸発温度 ５℃なら ６．５ｍｍＨ
ｇ，となり、熱の授受を伴うこの条件を満たすように、
凝縮器４００と蒸発器６００を設計する。Condensation and evaporation of adsorbate vapor: Since the thermodynamic cooling action does not occur by simply moving the adsorbate vapor accompanying desorption and adsorption, the adsorbate vapor obtained by desorption is cooled in order to extract the latent heat of the adsorbate. Then, a process of once condensing and then evaporating this is indispensable. This desorption vapor is condensed through the condenser 400 cooled by the cooling water circulation circuit 300 having the air cooler 310, and the liquefied adsorbate condensed in the condenser 400 is evaporated in the evaporator 600, so that the desired medium is removed. It takes away heat, that is, takes out the cooling action. At that time, the pressures of the condenser 400 and the evaporator 610 are 4 as long as the condensation temperature is 35 ° C. from the gas-liquid equilibrium relationship as an operation variable.
2.2 mmHg, 6.5 mmH if evaporation temperature is 5 ° C
g, and so that this condition with heat transfer is met,
Design the condenser 400 and the evaporator 600.
【００１２】蒸気流路の切り替え：２基の吸着剤充填槽
の内部は４方切替弁７００の２つの流路を介して連通
し、４方切替弁７００の流路のうち他の２つの流路は、
一方から他方に向かって、凝縮器４００、液体貯溜用容
器５００、蒸発器６００の順に連結する密閉循環系形成
手段８００により密閉的に連結されて単一の蒸気流路を
形成する。そしてこれらは単一の蒸気流路を形成し、２
基の吸着剤充填槽がそれぞれ脱着と吸着を交互に繰り返
すのに対し、常に脱着側の吸着剤充填槽の空所は凝縮器
４００の入口側に、吸着側の吸着剤充填槽の空所は蒸発
器６００の出口側に連結され、一方向蒸気流を生成す
る。Switching of vapor flow paths: The insides of the two adsorbent-filled tanks are communicated with each other through the two flow paths of the four-way switching valve 700 and the other two flow paths of the four-way switching valve 700. The road is
From one side to the other side, the condenser 400, the liquid storage container 500, and the evaporator 600 are hermetically connected by the closed circulation system forming means 800 that is connected in this order to form a single vapor flow path. And they form a single vapor flow path,
Whereas the base adsorbent filling tank alternately repeats desorption and adsorption, the desorption side adsorbent filling tank is always on the inlet side of the condenser 400 and the adsorption side adsorbent filling tank is on the adsorbent side. It is connected to the outlet side of the evaporator 600 and produces a one-way steam flow.
【００１３】脱着と吸着作用切替えに伴う蒸気流量変動
の抑制；液体貯溜用容器５００は２基の吸着剤充填槽の
脱着と吸着に交互に切替えしたとき、蒸気流路内の蒸気
量変動を抑制するバッファーの作用を行う。Suppression of vapor flow rate fluctuation due to switching of desorption and adsorption operation; when the liquid storage container 500 is alternately switched between desorption and adsorption of two adsorbent-filled tanks, fluctuation of vapor amount in the vapor flow path is suppressed. Acts as a buffer.
【００１４】冷却作用：凝縮器４００で液化された吸着
質は蒸発器６００の入口部でその圧力飽和温度まで自己
冷却し、その後、冷却負荷である媒体から熱を奪って蒸
発する。例えば蒸発圧力飽和温度が５℃のとき、水の蒸
発潜熱は１９６８日本機械学会蒸気表により５９４．６
Ｋｃａｌ／ｋｇであるから、単位重量（１ｋｇ）の吸着
剤当たり２３．８Ｋｃａｌの冷却効果を得る。Cooling action: The adsorbate liquefied in the condenser 400 self-cools to its pressure saturation temperature at the inlet of the evaporator 600, and then takes heat from the medium, which is a cooling load, and evaporates. For example, when the vaporization pressure saturation temperature is 5 ° C., the latent heat of vaporization of water is 594.6 according to the 1968 Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers steam table.
Since it is Kcal / kg, a cooling effect of 23.8 Kcal per unit weight (1 kg) of the adsorbent is obtained.
【００１５】内燃機関の排熱回収：自動車、建設機械、
マリンボート等内燃機関を動力源とする乗り物の、又は
ディーゼル発電機等を装備する設備等に用いられる内燃
機関の冷却は冷却水循環回路２１０により、機関のシリ
ンダー周りに冷却水を循環的に流してなされる。この冷
却水循環回路２１０に排気熱交換機２２０を直列又は並
列接続して、機関の排熱を回収し従来の冷却水循環回路
２１０で回収されるより高温かつ所定量の熱回収を行
い、吸着剤の脱着温度を▲高▼め、吸着質の呼吸量を増
加し、以て吸着剤単位重量当たりの蒸気発生量を増加さ
せ、冷却効果を高める。更に付言すれば、同じ冷却効果
を得るのに対し少ない吸着剤量で吸着剤充填槽の小型
化、軽量化をもたらす。また、車両の冷房負荷は、車
種、運転条件、気象条件により異なるが、一例を挙げる
と次の如くなる。すなわち、排気量２０００ｃｃクラス
の乗用車の場合、 外気温度３５℃ 車室内温度２５℃とすると、 車速４０Ｋｍ／ｈ 走行時約３５００Ｋｃａｌ／ｈ アイドリング運転時約２５００Ｋｃａｌ／ｈとなる。一
方、特にアイドリング運転時に着目すると、既設の冷却
水系におけるラジエーターの放熱量は約２６００Ｋｃａ
ｌ／ｈと見積もられる。加熱に用いられる熱量に対し冷
却に寄与する熱量は、この種の冷却装置の成績係数が
０．５〜０．７であることを考慮すれば、不足すること
が解る。ここで、排気の保有する熱量を、２００℃程度
まで回収すれば、内燃機関から全体として回収される熱
量は約４５００Ｋｃａｌ／ｈと見積られ、冷房負荷を十
分賄い得る熱量である。走行条件に付いても同様に熱勘
定でき、排気熱回収が必要である。Exhaust heat recovery of internal combustion engine: automobile, construction machine,
A cooling water circulation circuit 210 circulates cooling water around a cylinder of the engine to cool a vehicle such as a marine boat that uses an internal combustion engine as a power source or a facility equipped with a diesel generator or the like. Done. Exhaust heat exchanger 220 is connected to this cooling water circulation circuit 210 in series or in parallel to recover the exhaust heat of the engine to recover a higher temperature and a predetermined amount of heat than that recovered by the conventional cooling water circulation circuit 210 to desorb the adsorbent. The temperature is raised to increase the respiration rate of the adsorbate, thereby increasing the amount of vapor generated per unit weight of the adsorbent and enhancing the cooling effect. Further, in addition to the same cooling effect, the adsorbent filling tank can be made smaller and lighter with a small amount of adsorbent. The cooling load of the vehicle varies depending on the type of vehicle, operating conditions, and weather conditions, but is as follows as an example. That is, in the case of a passenger car with a displacement of 2000 cc, if the outside air temperature is 35 ° C. and the passenger compartment temperature is 25 ° C., the vehicle speed is 40 Km / h, the traveling speed is about 3500 Kcal / h, and the idling operation is about 2500 Kcal / h. On the other hand, when paying attention especially to the idling operation, the heat radiation amount of the radiator in the existing cooling water system is about 2600 Kca.
It is estimated to be 1 / h. It is understood that the amount of heat contributing to cooling with respect to the amount of heat used for heating is insufficient, considering that the coefficient of performance of this type of cooling device is 0.5 to 0.7. Here, if the heat quantity of the exhaust gas is recovered to about 200 ° C., the heat quantity recovered from the internal combustion engine as a whole is estimated to be about 4500 Kcal / h, which is a heat quantity that can sufficiently cover the cooling load. Heat can be calculated in the same way even under driving conditions, and exhaust heat recovery is required.
【００１６】空気冷却器及び又は凝縮能力増加蒸発器６
００には冷却負荷として水蒸気を含んだ空気が作用する
ので、蒸発器で冷却された空気中の水蒸気の飽和分圧は
下がり、余分の水蒸気はドレン６０１として分離され
る。この冷えたドレン６０１を冷却水循環回路３００の
空気冷却器３１０及び又は冷却水循環回路３００で冷却
される凝縮器４００の冷却に使えば、冷熱の損失防止と
空気冷却器及び又は凝縮の能力増加に役立つ。Air cooler and / or evaporator with increased condensation capacity 6
Since air containing water vapor acts as a cooling load on 00, the saturated partial pressure of water vapor in the air cooled by the evaporator decreases, and excess water vapor is separated as drain 601. If this cooled drain 601 is used for cooling the air cooler 310 of the cooling water circulation circuit 300 and / or the condenser 400 cooled by the cooling water circulation circuit 300, it helps prevent loss of cold heat and increases the capacity of the air cooler and / or condensation. ..
【００１７】吸着剤の選定：吸着質が決まり、吸着温
度、脱着温度、蒸気圧力、凝縮圧力が決まると、吸着剤
の選定いかんは吸着式冷却器の単位重量当たりの冷却能
力を支配する要因となる。吸着質を水とし、吸着温度／
脱着温度＝３５／８５℃、蒸発温度飽和圧力／凝縮温度
飽和圧力＝６．５／４２．２ｍｍＨｇに対する吸着剤の
呼吸量は下記の通りであり、 （１）４．０％ （２）３．２％ （３）２．５％
（４）１．５％ ただし、 （１）ＪＩＳ Ａ型シリカゲル （２）活性アルミナ （３）ゼオライト４Ａ （４）ゼオライト１３Ｘ であり、オングストロームオーダーの粒状多孔のＪＩＳ
Ａ型シリカゲル〜活性アルミナが吸着剤として好適であ
る。Selection of adsorbent: Once the adsorbate is determined and the adsorption temperature, desorption temperature, vapor pressure, and condensation pressure are determined, the choice of adsorbent is a factor that controls the cooling capacity per unit weight of the adsorption cooler. Become. Water as the adsorbate, adsorption temperature /
The respiration rate of the adsorbent for desorption temperature = 35/85 ° C., evaporation temperature saturation pressure / condensation temperature saturation pressure = 6.5 / 42.2 mmHg is as follows: (1) 4.0% (2) 3. 2% (3) 2.5%
(4) 1.5% However, (1) JIS A-type silica gel (2) Activated alumina (3) Zeolite 4A (4) Zeolite 13X, which is a granular porous JIS of Angstrom order
A type silica gel to activated alumina are suitable as the adsorbent.
【００１８】しかしながら、その後の研究により、この
ような冷却装置では、蒸発器内部の液面は、図１２に示
すように、固定式流量調節弁により凝縮器４００からの
供給量を調節するので、調節弁上流側の液のヘッドによ
り供給量が変動し、蒸発量と供給量のバランスがとりに
くい故、液面を適正レベルに保てず、蒸発量に対し、供
給過剰になったり、過少供給になったりして、いずれの
場合も、冷却能力が低下する。また、タンクを含む供給
側の位置関係が蒸発器の制御液面より必ず上方になけれ
ばならないので、これがシステム構成や機器の配置上の
制約となり、装置の大型化等の障害になっている。本発
明はこのような事情に鑑みて提案されたもので、吸着剤
槽を小型化して装置の配置の自由度を大きくし冷房能力
の増加を図ると共に、作動媒体の液面を常に一定に保っ
て蒸発器性能を常時最大に発揮する省エネルギかつ無公
害の吸着式冷却装置を提供することを目的とする。However, as a result of subsequent research, in such a cooling device, the liquid level inside the evaporator controls the supply amount from the condenser 400 by the fixed flow rate control valve as shown in FIG. The supply amount fluctuates due to the liquid head on the upstream side of the control valve, and it is difficult to balance the evaporation amount and the supply amount.Therefore, the liquid surface cannot be maintained at an appropriate level, and the supply amount becomes excessive or insufficient for the evaporation amount. In any case, the cooling capacity decreases. Further, since the positional relationship on the supply side including the tank must be always above the control liquid level of the evaporator, this becomes a constraint on the system configuration and the arrangement of devices, which is an obstacle to the enlargement of the device. The present invention has been proposed in view of such circumstances, and the adsorbent tank is downsized to increase the degree of freedom of arrangement of the device to increase the cooling capacity, and at the same time, keep the liquid surface of the working medium constant. It is an object of the present invention to provide an energy-saving and pollution-free adsorption-type cooling device that always maximizes evaporator performance.
【００１９】[0019]
【課題を解決するための手段】そのために本発明は、固
体吸着剤及び伝熱管を内蔵してなる吸着剤充填槽を少な
くも２槽設け、上記各充填槽を冷媒が一方向蒸気流を生
成して循環するように凝縮器及び蒸発器を接続すると共
に、上記充填槽の一方が吸着工程を行うときは他方が脱
着工程を行うよう交互に工程を切換える吸着式冷却装置
において、上記蒸発器の冷媒入口側に液面レベルの検出
手段を有する受液タンクを設けると共に、同受液タンク
の入口側に上記液面レベル検出手段の出力に基づいて開
閉する弁を具えたことを特徴とする。To this end, the present invention provides at least two adsorbent filling tanks each containing a solid adsorbent and a heat transfer tube, and the refrigerant generates a one-way vapor flow in each of the filling tanks. In addition to connecting the condenser and the evaporator so as to circulate, when the one of the filling tanks performs the adsorption process, the other alternately performs the desorption process. A liquid receiving tank having liquid level detecting means is provided on the refrigerant inlet side, and a valve that opens and closes based on the output of the liquid level detecting means is provided on the inlet side of the liquid receiving tank.
【００２０】[0020]
【作用】このような構成によれば、吸着剤充填槽１００
Ａ，１００Ｂの熱媒体供給口１３１Ａ，１３１Ｂの入
口，出口をそれぞれ加熱用熱媒体回路２００，冷却水循
環回路３００に各１対の方向切替弁９００，１０００に
より並列接続的に切替えることで、吸着剤槽を小型化し
て配置及び装着の自由度を大きくするとともに冷房能力
を増加して省エネルギかつ無公害の吸着式冷凍装置が得
られる。また、蒸発器では、凝縮器から供給される媒体
は適正な液面ｈに保たれ、蒸発器内の液面は常に一定に
保たれるので、常時蒸発器としての性能を最大に発揮す
ることができる。According to such a configuration, the adsorbent filling tank 100
The inlet and outlet of the heat medium supply ports 131A and 131B of A and 100B are switched in parallel to the heating heat medium circuit 200 and the cooling water circulation circuit 300 by a pair of directional control valves 900 and 1000, respectively, to thereby form an adsorbent. It is possible to obtain an energy-saving and pollution-free adsorption type refrigeration system by downsizing the tank and increasing the degree of freedom of arrangement and mounting and increasing the cooling capacity. Further, in the evaporator, the medium supplied from the condenser is kept at an appropriate liquid level h, and the liquid level in the evaporator is always kept constant, so that the performance of the evaporator is always maximized. You can
【００２１】[0021]
【実施例】本発明の一実施例を図面について説明する
と、図１は図６の蒸発器の部分縦断面図、図２は図１の
液面検出手段の変形例を示す説明図で、図６と同一の符
号はそれぞれ同図と同一の部材を示し、６０２は受液タ
ンクで、その上端は均圧管６０３を経て蒸発器のガスヘ
ッダー６０４に連通する共にその下端は連通管６０５を
介して液ヘッダー６０６に連通している。６０７は受液
タンク６０２に付設されたフロートスイッチで、制御器
６０８により電磁弁６０９を介して媒体の蒸発器６００
ａへの流入を制御する。このような構造において、蒸発
器の液面が低下すると、フロートスイッチ６０７が作動
し、制御器６０８により電磁弁６０９を開いて媒体を受
液タンク６０２に供給し、そのレべルが設定値に達する
とフロートスイッチ６０７が作動して電磁弁６０９を閉
じるので、蒸発器内部の液面は常に最適のレベルｈに保
たれる。なお、蒸発器の液面レベルの制御は、図２
（Ａ），（Ｂ）にそれぞれ示すフロート弁による機械的
な制御手段を採ることもできる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the drawings, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view of the evaporator shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the liquid level detecting means shown in FIG. The same reference numerals as 6 respectively denote the same members as in the figure, and 602 is a liquid receiving tank, the upper end of which communicates with the gas header 604 of the evaporator through the pressure equalizing pipe 603 and the lower end of which through the communication pipe 605. It communicates with the liquid header 606. Reference numeral 607 denotes a float switch attached to the liquid receiving tank 602, which is a controller 608 through a solenoid valve 609 to evaporate the medium 600.
Control the inflow to a. In such a structure, when the liquid level of the evaporator is lowered, the float switch 607 is actuated and the controller 608 opens the electromagnetic valve 609 to supply the medium to the liquid receiving tank 602, and its level reaches the set value. When it reaches, the float switch 607 operates to close the solenoid valve 609, so that the liquid level inside the evaporator is always kept at the optimum level h. The control of the liquid level of the evaporator is performed as shown in FIG.
Mechanical control means by a float valve shown in each of (A) and (B) can also be adopted.
【００２２】このような構造によれば、蒸発器内の媒体
は常に一定レベルに保たれるので、常時蒸発器としての
性能を最大に発揮することができる。本発明は図７に示
した吸着式冷却装置の蒸発器にも適用できることはいう
までもない。According to such a structure, the medium in the evaporator is always kept at a constant level, so that the performance of the evaporator can be maximized at all times. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to the evaporator of the adsorption cooling device shown in FIG.
【００２３】このように、液面制御手段を有する蒸発器
を付設した吸着式冷却装置によれば、下記の効果が奏せ
られる。 （１）吸着剤槽１４（図４）と蒸気槽１５（図４）は互
いに分離構成されているので、その設置はかなり自由に
なる。 （２）冷却回路の熱交換器２２（図４）と吸着式冷凍機
１の蒸発部２（蒸発器）（図４）を兼用することにより
構造が簡単になる。蒸気流路は唯一であり、この種の冷
却装置としては極めて簡素な構成であり小型化及び軽量
化に寄与するところ大であると共に、極めて簡素な構成
による信頼性増加も期待できる。軽量化とエンジン動力
を要しないことに伴い乗り物の運搬動力は低減され燃費
向上になる。フロン系冷媒を使わずに冷却能力を取り出
すことができるので、オゾン層破壊の防止に寄与すると
ころ大である。As described above, according to the adsorption type cooling device provided with the evaporator having the liquid level control means, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since the adsorbent tank 14 (FIG. 4) and the steam tank 15 (FIG. 4) are separated from each other, their installation can be made quite freely. (2) The structure is simplified by using the heat exchanger 22 (FIG. 4) of the cooling circuit and the evaporation unit 2 (evaporator) (FIG. 4) of the adsorption refrigerator 1 together. There is only one steam flow path, and this type of cooling device has an extremely simple structure, which greatly contributes to downsizing and weight reduction, and an increase in reliability can be expected due to the extremely simple structure. Since the vehicle is lighter and requires less engine power, the vehicle's transportation power is reduced and fuel efficiency is improved. Since the cooling capacity can be taken out without using a CFC-based refrigerant, it greatly contributes to the prevention of ozone layer depletion.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】要するに本発明によれば、固体吸着剤及
び伝熱管を内蔵してなる吸着剤充填槽を少なくも２槽設
け、上記各充填槽を冷媒が一方向蒸気流を生成して循環
するように凝縮器及び蒸発器を接続すると共に、上記充
填槽の一方が吸着工程を行うときは他方が脱着工程を行
うよう交互に工程を切換える吸着式冷却装置において、
上記蒸発器の冷媒入口側に液面レベルの検出手段を有す
る受液タンクを設けると共に、同受液タンクの入口側に
上記液面レベル検出手段の出力に基づいて開閉する弁を
具えたことにより、吸着剤槽を小型化して装置の配置の
自由度を大きくし冷房能力の増加を図ると共に、作動媒
体の液面を常に一定に保って蒸発器性能を常時最大に発
揮する省エネルギかつ無公害の吸着式冷却装置を得るか
ら、本発明は産業上極めて有益なものである。In summary, according to the present invention, at least two adsorbent filling tanks containing a solid adsorbent and a heat transfer tube are provided, and the refrigerant circulates in each of the filling tanks by generating a unidirectional vapor flow. In addition to connecting the condenser and the evaporator so that, when one of the filling tanks perform the adsorption process, the other alternately performs the desorption process in the adsorption cooling device,
By providing a liquid receiving tank having liquid level detecting means on the refrigerant inlet side of the evaporator, and having a valve opened and closed based on the output of the liquid level detecting means at the inlet side of the liquid receiving tank. , The adsorbent tank is miniaturized to increase the degree of freedom of arrangement of the device to increase the cooling capacity, and the liquid surface of the working medium is always kept constant to maximize the evaporator performance. Energy saving and no pollution. The present invention is extremely useful in industry because it can obtain the adsorption type cooling device.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図１】本発明の一実施例に係る蒸発器を示す縦断面図
である。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の蒸発器の液面制御手段の変形例を示す説
明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the liquid level control means of the evaporator of FIG.
【図３】公知のフロンガスを使用したカークーラーシス
テムを示す系統図である。FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing a car cooler system using a known CFC gas.
【図４】公知の吸着式カークーラーを示す系統図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing a known adsorption type car cooler.
【図５】図３の詳細図である。FIG. 5 is a detailed view of FIG.
【図６】本出願人がさきに提案した特願平２−３２４８
５６号に係る吸着式冷凍装置を示す全体系統図である。FIG. 6 Japanese Patent Application No. 2-3248 previously proposed by the applicant.
It is the whole system diagram showing the adsorption type refrigeration equipment concerning No. 56.
【図７】図６の変形例を示す同じく全体系統図である。FIG. 7 is an overall system diagram showing a modification of FIG.
【図８】，[FIG. 8]
【図９】，[FIG. 9]
【図１０】はそれぞれ代表的な吸着剤の吸着等温線を示
す線図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing adsorption isotherms of typical adsorbents.
【図１１】吸着質の呼吸量の比較例を示す線図である。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a comparative example of respiration rate of adsorbate.
【図１２】図６の蒸発器を示す縦断面図である。12 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the evaporator of FIG.
【００２５】[0025]
【符号の説明】 １００Ａ，１００Ｂ 吸着剤充填槽 １０１ 吸着剤充填槽内の空所 １１０ 熱交換部材 １２０ 固体吸着剤 １３０ 筒状容器 １３１Ａ，１３１Ｂ 熱媒体供給口 ２００ 加熱用熱媒体回路 ２１０ 機関の冷却水循環回路 ２１１ 機関 ２１２ ラジエーター ２１３ 分流弁 ２１４ ポンプ ２１５ パイピング ２２０ 排気熱交換器 ３００ 冷却水循環回路 ３１０ 空気冷却器 ３２０ ポンプ ４００ 凝縮器 ５００ 凝縮液体貯溜容器 ６００，６００ａ 蒸発器 ６０１ ドレン ６０２ 受液タンク ６０３ 均圧管 ６０４ ガスヘッダー ６０５ 連通管 ６０６ 液ヘッダー ６０７ フロート弁 ６０８ 制御器 ６０９ 電磁弁 ６１０ 冷却負荷 ６１１ ダクト ６１２ 送風機 ７００ ４方切換弁 ８００ 密閉循環系形成手段 ８１０ 蒸気通路 ８１１ 絞り弁 ９００ 方向切替弁 １０００ 方向切替弁 １１００ 水冷媒（吸着質）[Explanation of Codes] 100A, 100B Adsorbent filling tank 101 Vacant in adsorbent filling tank 110 Heat exchange member 120 Solid adsorbent 130 Cylindrical vessel 131A, 131B Heat medium supply port 200 Heating heat medium circuit 210 Engine cooling Water circulation circuit 211 Engine 212 Radiator 213 Dividing valve 214 Pump 215 Piping 220 Exhaust heat exchanger 300 Cooling water circulation circuit 310 Air cooler 320 Pump 400 Condenser 500 Condensed liquid storage container 600, 600a Evaporator 601 Drain 602 Liquid receiving tank 603 Equalization pipe 604 Gas header 605 Communication pipe 606 Liquid header 607 Float valve 608 Controller 609 Electromagnetic valve 610 Cooling load 611 Duct 612 Blower 700 4-way switching valve 800 Closed circulation system forming means 810 Steam passage 811 Throttle valve 90 0 Direction switching valve 1000 Direction switching valve 1100 Water refrigerant (adsorbate)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 水上 春信 愛知県名古屋市中村区岩塚町字高道１番地 三菱重工業 株式会社名古屋研究所内 (72)発明者 中原 崇文 愛知県名古屋市中村区岩塚町字高道１番地 三菱重工業 株式会社名古屋研究所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Harunobu Mizukami, Takaichi, Iwazuka-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagoya Research Institute (72) Inventor Takafumi Nakahara, Iwatsuka-machi, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Highway No. 1 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Nagoya Research Center
Claims (1)
着剤充填槽を少なくも２槽設け、上記各充填槽を冷媒が
一方向蒸気流を生成して循環するように凝縮器及び蒸発
器を接続すると共に、上記充填槽の一方が吸着工程を行
うときは他方が脱着工程を行うよう交互に工程を切換え
る吸着式冷却装置において、上記蒸発器の冷媒入口側に
液面レベルの検出手段を有する受液タンクを設けると共
に、同受液タンクの入口側に上記液面レベル検出手段の
出力に基づいて開閉する弁を具えたことを特徴とする吸
着式冷却装置。1. An adsorbent filling tank containing a solid adsorbent and a heat transfer tube is provided at least two tanks, and a condenser and an evaporator are provided so that the refrigerant circulates in each of the filling tanks by generating a unidirectional vapor flow. In the adsorption type cooling device, in which one of the charging tanks is connected to the other, and when one of the filling tanks performs the adsorption step, the other alternately performs the desorption step, the liquid level detecting means on the refrigerant inlet side of the evaporator. And a valve which opens and closes based on the output of the liquid level detecting means on the inlet side of the liquid receiving tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6902991A JPH05113274A (en) | 1991-03-08 | 1991-03-08 | Absorption cooling apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6902991A JPH05113274A (en) | 1991-03-08 | 1991-03-08 | Absorption cooling apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05113274A true JPH05113274A (en) | 1993-05-07 |
Family
ID=13390751
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6902991A Withdrawn JPH05113274A (en) | 1991-03-08 | 1991-03-08 | Absorption cooling apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05113274A (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-03-08 JP JP6902991A patent/JPH05113274A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 19980514 |