JPH05106175A - Dyeing assistant for polyester fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To remarkably improve the uneven dyeing (so-called IRATSUKI) in the high-temperature dyeing of a polyester fiber under high pressure by adding a specific compound to the dyeing bath. CONSTITUTION:A level dyeing assistant expressed by formula (R1 and R2 are H, Cl or 1-4C alkyl; X is methylene, ethylene or vinylene; (n) is 1-3) is added to a dyeing bath for the dyeing of a polyester fiber under high-temperature and high-pressure condition to remarkably improve the uneven dyeing (so-called IRATSUKI) caused by the partial unevenness of color density between fibers or on one fiber by the difference of crystallinity. The compound has excellent dispersibility and migration property as a dyeing assistant. It is effective for the level-dyeing of the recent synthetic fiber material having a feeling close to that of natural fiber. The assistant can easily be produced by adding ethylene oxide to a phenolic compound and subjecting the product to diesterification reaction using malonic acid, succinic acid, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a dyeing aid for polyester fibers. The present invention particularly relates to a dyeing auxiliary agent which, when added to a dyeing bath at the time of dyeing a polyester fiber, remarkably improves uneven dyeing due to a difference in physical crystals of the fiber itself.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A dyeing bath is usually pH adjusted by using an acid such as acetic acid.
It is adjusted to an acidity of 3 to 6, but depending on the case, it may be dyed with an alkaline agent such as sodium polyacrylate, amino acid or caustic soda to make it alkaline at pH 8 to 10. In any case, conventionally, as a dyeing aid, it helps prevent tarring due to poor dispersion of the disperse dye due to the dyeing conditions being high temperature and high pressure, and assists the dye transferability in low bath ratio dyeing. What is used for the purpose of improving the level dyeing property. That is, formalin condensate of sodium naphthalene sulfonate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, sulfate ester salt of higher alcohol, sulfate salt of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, phosphate ester salt of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyhydric alcohol such as sorbitol Various compounds such as anionic activators such as partially higher fatty acid esters partially sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ether, non-ionic activators such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid ester, polyoxystyryl phenyl ether, etc. Is used as a dyeing aid.

In recent years, polyester fibers have become less suitable for consumers' taste, especially in the clothing field, because of their plastic feeling, which is a drawback. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the fibers, the fineness of the fibers, and the spinning characteristics By devising the drawing speed, etc., and mixing several kinds of these yarns,
Synthetic fiber materials with a texture closer to that of natural fibers such as cotton, silk, and wool have been developed by each fiber manufacturer. For example, detailed reviews are reported on pages 5 to 51 of the magazine "Processing Technology", Textile Company, No. 5 (1991). These materials, which have recently been announced by each fiber manufacturer, are fiber materials that give an unprecedented excellent tactile sensation, but it is difficult to obtain level dyeing property in the dyeing process, which is a problem. In particular, the problem that dyeing processors cannot solve is that the dyeing density of each fiber called "irraki" is different, or the dyeing density is partially different in one fiber. It is a problem of uneven dyeing in a microscopic sense.
Such irradiance uses a yarn in which several kinds of fibers having different heat shrinkability, that is, physical crystallinity and originally different in dyeability are mixed in order to obtain a feeling of touch which is not available in the past. In some cases, as originally disclosed in JP-A-57-5988, 1
This occurs particularly strongly in a knitted fabric using a fiber material such as thick and thin for the purpose of obtaining a shade effect, because the dyeability is partially different in the fibers of the book. The above-mentioned surfactants which have been conventionally used as the dispersion leveling agent have no effect on the solution of the light and shade phenomenon caused by the physical crystallinity of the polyester fiber. In some dyeing plants, organic compounds called so-called carrier agents, such as mono-, di- or trichlorobenzene, methylnaphthalene, diphenyl, orthophenylphenol, benzyl benzoate, and alkyl esters of salicylic acid, are used.
It has been studied to obtain a level dyeing effect by swelling the fiber by using it in the dyeing bath of the fiber, but it is insufficient as an effect of preventing flicker, and these aromatic compounds are Since it has a property of adsorbing to the fiber, it volatilizes rapidly in the heat treatment in the finishing step after dyeing, and the working environment is significantly deteriorated. Further, when it remains in the fiber, the carrier agent as described above has a problem that the light fastness is remarkably lowered.

[0004]

In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present invention results from the difference in the physical crystallinity of the polyester fiber when the polyester fiber is dyed using a high temperature and high pressure dyeing machine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a leveling agent for solving a disproportionate dyeing called "irraki", which is caused by a shade between fibers or a partial shade of one fiber.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a dyeing aid for polyester fibers, which comprises at least one compound represented by the following general formula.

[0006]

[Chemical 2]

In the above formula, R ₁ and R ₂ are each hydrogen,
Chlorine or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X is a methylene group, an ethylene group or a vinylene group, and n is 1 to
Indicates an integer of 3.

The compound of the above general formula is prepared by adding ethylene oxide to a phenol compound such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, ethylphenol and monochlorophenol, and then adding malonic acid, succinic acid or maleic acid to a suitable reaction mole. It is easily obtained by carrying out the diesterification reaction using the ratio. The compound thus obtained is insoluble in water or relatively hydrophobic to the extent that it is cloudy dispersed in water. Therefore,
When the above compound is used in the dyeing bath, it is necessary to use a suitable surfactant as an emulsifier, and the amount of the surfactant used is appropriately in the range of 5 to 50% by weight based on the compound of the above general formula. The emulsifier is not particularly limited, but is a higher alcohol sulfate ester salt, a polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate salt, a polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether phosphate ester salt,
Anion activators such as sorbitol and some higher fatty acid esters of polyoxyalkylene ethers of polyhydric alcohols and some sulfates, and nonionic activators such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid esters, and polyoxystyryl phenyl ethers It can be easily selected from the following. The compound of the general formula and the emulsifier are preferably mixed and used before being added to the dyebath, but the compound of the general formula and the emulsifier may be added to the dyebath separately and used. The amount of the compound of the general formula used varies depending on the polyester fiber material, but it is suitably 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 8% by weight, based on the material to be dyed.

When the dyeing assistant of the present invention is used, the conventional dyeing machine can be used as it is, and the conventional method is specially changed in terms of dyeing temperature, dyeing pressure, bath ratio, soaping after dyeing and the like. do not have to. The disperse dye used in the dyeing bath, the acid for adjusting the pH, the chelating agent, the surfactant as the anti-wrinkle agent, etc. can be used conventionally. Further, in order to improve the high temperature dispersibility of the dye, or in combination with a dispersion leveling agent that has been conventionally used to improve the dye transfer property,
The effect of the dyeing assistant of the invention is not impaired. By using the dyeing aid of the present invention, several polyester fibers having different recent crystallinity are entangled, knitted or knitted in a knitted woven fabric, which is a non-uniform dyeing which is conventionally unsolvable. Can be greatly improved. As a matter of course, it has the same or more effect as the conventional carrier agent with respect to the difference in dyeability due to the difference in heat history of fibers, which has often been a problem in dyeing polyester fibers. Although the reason why the dyeing assistant of the present invention exerts the above effects is unknown, it is used as a conventional carrier agent in which the compound of the above general formula has both an aromatic ring, an alkylene glycol chain and an ester group. Since it has a unique chemical structure compared to other compounds, it is thought that it has an affinity for both polyester fiber and disperse dyes, and that its molecular weight is larger than that of conventional carrier agents. It is considered to be the root.

The dyeing aid of the present invention can be applied not only to polyester fibers alone, but also to mixed-spun and woven products with cotton, hemp, rayon, wool, nylon fibers, acetate fibers and the like.

[0011]

The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Synthesis Example 1 188 g of phenol and 0.4 g of NaOH were weighed in a test autoclave (manufactured by Pressure Resistant Glass Industry Co., Ltd.), dehydrated under reduced pressure at 105 ° C., the reaction vessel was replaced with nitrogen, and then heated to 140 ° C. Then, the dropwise addition of ethylene oxide was started. Since the temperature of the reaction system rises due to the heat of reaction, a total of 88 g of ethylene oxide was added at 160 to 180 ° C.

138 g of 1 mol ethylene oxide adduct of phenol thus obtained, and 50 succinic anhydride
g was weighed in a four-necked flask and reacted at 100 ° C for 1 hour to synthesize a monoester, and then paratoluenesulfonic acid was added.
0.9 g was added, and dehydration reaction was performed at 160 to 180 ° C. for 2 hours under a nitrogen stream, and in the general formula, R ₁ = H, R ₂ = H, n
= 1 and X = -CH ₂ CH _2- were obtained.

Reactions were carried out in the same manner as in Synthesis Examples 2 to 8 and Comparative Synthesis Examples 1 to 5 to obtain the compounds of the present invention shown in Table 1 and compounds for comparison.

[0015]

[Table 1]

Example 1 In order to compare the performances of the dyeing assistant of the present invention and the conventional dyeing assistant, various performance tests were conducted as described below. The compound of the present invention was subjected to a dyeing test by separately using 20 mol of ethylene oxide adduct of tristyrylphenol synthesized by a conventional method as an emulsifier. The results obtained are shown in Table 2.

Only those dyed with the compound of the present invention showed no unevenness and were excellent in leveling property, and the problem of smoking, which had been a problem with conventional carrier agents, was solved. In addition, it was excellent in dispersibility and transferability, which are basic performances to be provided as a dyeing aid.

[0018]

[Table 2]

[Table 3]

Performance Evaluation Method (i) Level Dyeing Test (Irrattle Prevention Test) A woven fabric made of polyester sick and thin yarn subjected to 25% alkali weight reduction treatment after scouring is manufactured by Mini Color Dyeing Machine (Texam Giken Co., Ltd.) Was dyed under the following conditions.

[Dye bath composition and dyeing conditions] Kayaron Polyester Orange R-SF (CI Disperse Orange 73) 0.5% owf Kayaron Polyester Scarlet RL-SF (CI Disperse Red 143) 0.5% owf Kayaron Polyester Navy Blue R -SF (CI Disperse Blue 146) 0.5% owf 90% Acetic acid 0.5 ml / l Leveling agent 1-10 g / l Dyeing conditions Temperature rise 2 ° C / min, 130 ° C x 30 min Bath ratio 1:20

After dyeing, Sanmor RC-1 (Nika Kagaku Co., Ltd.)
(Reduced cleaning agent manufactured by the present invention) was soaped with 2 g / l at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes, followed by washing with water and drying.

The state of dyeing on the surface of the thus-fabric dyed fabric was visually judged according to the following criteria. × It is too irritating to be put to practical use. △ There is some irritation. ○ It is almost inconspicuous, and there is no practical problem. ◎ No irritation is observed.

(Ii) Dye transfer test In order to see the level dyeing effect of the dyeing aid in terms of dyeing power, a pre-dyed cloth and a white cloth are put in the same bath containing the dyeing aid, and the dyed cloth is removed from the dyed cloth under high temperature dyeing conditions. It was tested how much the dye migrated to the white cloth.

(1) Staining Staining was performed under the following conditions. Dye: Polyester chic and thin fabric Dye: Kayaron polyester navy blue
R-SF Acetic acid: 0.5 ml / l Bath ratio: 1:30 Temperature / time: 130 ° C x 30 minutes Dyeing machine: Minijet dyeing machine Model P-300 (manufactured by Texam Giken Co., Ltd.)

(2) Test A white cloth of the same kind and amount as the dyed cloth obtained by the above dyeing is treated under the following conditions. Dyeing assistant: 1 g / l Acetic acid: 0.5 m / l Bath ratio: 1:20 Dyeing machine: Mini color dyeing machine (Texam Giken Co., Ltd.)
Made)

(3) Evaluation The reflectance of the dye-transfer dyed cloth and the white cloth to be dyed obtained in the above test was measured, the density correlation value was calculated from the reflectance, and the value was applied to the following formula to evaluate the dye transfer rate. ..

[0027]

[Equation 1]

However, a color eye manufactured by Macbeth Co. was used as a colorimeter.

(Iii) Dispersibility test (empty cooking filtration method) The following liquid was heat-treated at 130 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then 90 ° C.
The mixture was cooled to 0 ° C., the liquid was filtered at the same temperature, and the presence or absence of the residue on the filter paper and the condition were evaluated.

Holon Rubin S-2GFL (CI Disperse Red 167) 1 g / l Dyeing Aid 1 g / l Acetic Acid 0.5 ml / l Liquid Volume 150 ml Dyeing Machine Color PET Dyeing Machine (Nippon Dyeing Machine Co., Ltd.) Filter Paper Toyo Filter Paper No. 5A

[Evaluation Criteria] ◎ There is no dye residue or tar compound on the filter paper. ○ There is very little dye residue or tar compound on the filter paper. △ There is a dye residue or tar compound on the filter paper, and the dispersibility is slightly poor. × There are many dye residues or tar substances on the filter paper, resulting in poor dispersion.

(Iv) Smoke test To test the smokeability of the dyeing aid, dyeing was carried out under the following conditions. Dye: Polyester processed yarn fabric (ponzi) Dye: Kayaron polyester navy blue
R-SF 1% owf Dyeing aid: 8 g / l Acetic acid: 0.5 ml / l Bath ratio: 1:30 Temperature / time: 130 ° C x 30 minutes Dyeing machine: Minijet dyeing machine Model P-300 (Texam Giken Co., Ltd. ))

After dyeing, Sanmor RC-1 (Nika Kagaku Co., Ltd.)
(Reduced cleaning agent manufactured by the present invention) was soaped with 2 g / l at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes, followed by washing with water and drying.

[Evaluation Method] The fabric dyed blue in this way was cut into a piece of 28 cm × 50 cm and then pin tentered.
(Uenoyama Iron Works Co., Ltd.) was heat set at 180 ° C. for 1 minute. At this time, smoke generated from the chimney of the pin tenter was carefully observed and evaluated according to the following criteria.

Good, no smoke was emitted. △ Smoke was slightly generated. × A lot of smoke is emitted.

[0036]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, when dyeing polyester fibers at high temperature and high pressure, it is called irracchi due to the light and shade between the fibers or the partial light and shade of one fiber due to the difference in crystallinity of the polyester fibers. It is possible to solve uneven dyeing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A dyeing aid for polyester fibers, which contains at least one compound represented by the following general formula. [Chemical 1] In the above formula, R ₁ and R ₂ each represent hydrogen, chlorine or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X represents a methylene group, an ethylene group or a vinylene group, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.