JP3224245B2 - Dyeing aid for polyester fiber - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a dyeing aid for polyester fibers. The present invention particularly relates to a dyeing assistant which is added to a dyeing bath when dyeing a polyester fiber to remarkably improve uneven dyeing caused by a difference in physical crystal of the fiber itself.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A dyeing bath is usually prepared by using an acid such as acetic acid to adjust the pH.
The pH is adjusted to an acidity of 3 to 6, but depending on the case, the dyeing may be made alkaline to pH 8 to 10 using an alkaline agent such as sodium polyacrylate, amino acid or caustic soda. In any case, conventionally, as a dyeing assistant, a dyeing condition is used to prevent tar formation due to poor dispersion of a disperse dye due to high temperature and high pressure and to assist in dye transferability in low bath ratio dyeing. What has been used for the purpose of improving the leveling property is used. That is, polyhydric alcohols such as formalin condensate of sodium naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl benzene sulfonate, sulfate of higher alcohol, sulfate of polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, phosphate of polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, sorbitol Various compounds such as anionic activators such as partially higher fatty acid esters of polyoxyalkylene ethers and partially sulfates, and nonionic activators such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid esters, and polyoxystyryl phenyl ether Has been used as a dyeing aid.

[0003] In recent years, polyester fibers have a disadvantage in that the texture of plastics, which is a drawback thereof, has become inconsistent with consumers' preferences, especially in the field of clothing, so that the cross-sectional shape of the fibers, the fineness of the fibers, By devising the drawing speed, etc., and mixing several types of those yarns,
Various fiber manufacturers have developed synthetic fiber materials having a feeling closer to natural fibers such as cotton, silk, and wool. For example, a detailed review is reported on pages 5 to 51 of the magazine "Processing Techniques", Textile Company, No. 5 (1991). These materials, which have been recently announced by various fiber manufacturers, are fiber materials that give an unprecedented excellent tactile sensation, but are difficult to obtain uniform dyeing properties in the dyeing process, and pose a problem. In particular, the point that the dyeing processor is unable to solve the problem is that the dyeing density of each fiber called "irritation" is different or the dyeing density is partially different in one fiber. This is a problem of uneven dyeing in a microscopic sense.
Such irritation uses a yarn which is obtained by mixing several kinds of fibers having different heat-shrinkability, that is, different physical crystallinity, and originally different dyeability, in order to obtain an unprecedented texture. In some cases, as shown in JP-A-57-5988,
It is particularly strong in a knitted or woven fabric using a fiber material such as thick and thin for the purpose of obtaining a shading effect, with partially different dyeability in the fibers of the book. In order to solve such a shading phenomenon caused by the physical crystallinity of the polyester fiber, the above-mentioned surfactant which has been conventionally used as a dispersion leveling agent has no effect. In some dyeing plants, organic compounds called so-called carrier agents, such as mono-, di- or trichlorobenzene, methylnaphthalene, diphenyl, orthophenylphenol, benzyl benzoate, and alkyl esters of salicylic acid,
It has been studied to obtain a leveling effect by swelling the fiber by using it in a fiber dyeing bath, but the effect of preventing irritability is insufficient, and these aromatic compounds are Since it has the property of adsorbing to fibers, it volatilizes rapidly in the heat treatment in the finishing step after dyeing, which significantly deteriorates the working environment. In addition, there is also a problem that the carrier agent as described above significantly reduces the light fastness when remaining on the fiber.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention is based on the difference in the physical crystallinity of polyester fibers when dyeing polyester fibers using a high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing machine. An object of the present invention is to provide a leveling agent for solving unevenness called irritation due to shading between fibers or partial shading of a single fiber.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a dyeing aid for polyester fibers containing at least one compound represented by the following general formula.
In a water-based dyeing bath using a disperse dye
When performing exhaust dyeing with an emulsifier, emulsify with an emulsifier
The present invention provides a dyeing aid for polyester fibers, which is used below .

[0006]

Embedded image

In the above formula, R ₁ and R ₂ are each hydrogen,
X represents a chlorine or alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X represents a methylene group, an ethylene group or a vinylene group;
Indicates an integer of 3.

The compound of the above general formula is prepared by adding ethylene oxide to a phenolic compound such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, ethylphenol, monochlorophenol and then reacting any of malonic acid, succinic acid and maleic acid with an appropriate reaction mole. It can be easily obtained by performing a diesterification reaction using the above ratio. The compound thus obtained is relatively hydrophobic, insoluble in water or turbid in water. Therefore,
When the above compound is used in a dyeing bath, it is necessary to use a suitable surfactant as an emulsifier, and the amount of the surfactant used is suitably in the range of 5 to 50% by weight based on the compound of the above general formula. Examples of the emulsifier include, but are not particularly limited to, sulfates of higher alcohols, sulfates of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, phosphates of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether,
Anionic activators such as some higher fatty acid esters of polyoxyalkylene ethers of polyhydric alcohols such as sorbitol and some sulfates; nonionic activators such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, higher fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylene, and polyoxystyrylphenyl ether It can be easily selected from such as. It is desirable that the compound of the general formula and the emulsifier are mixed before use before adding to the dyeing bath, but the compound of the general formula and the emulsifier may be separately added to the dyeing bath. The amount of the compound of the general formula varies depending on the polyester fiber material, but it is suitably 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 8% by weight, based on the material to be dyed.

When using the dyeing assistant of the present invention, a conventional dyeing machine can be used as it is, and the conventional method is specially changed in dyeing temperature, dyeing pressure, bath ratio, soaping after dyeing, and the like. do not have to. A disperse dye used for the dyeing bath, an acid for adjusting pH, a chelating agent, a surfactant as an anti-wrinkle agent, and the like can be conventionally used. Also, to improve the high-temperature dispersibility of the dye, or even in combination with a dispersion leveling agent that has been conventionally used to improve the transferability,
The effect of the dyeing aid of the present invention is not inhibited. By using the dyeing aid of the present invention, in a knitted fabric in which several kinds of polyester fibers having different degrees of crystallinity have recently been entangled, woven or knitted, the uneven dyeing of irritability that could not be solved conventionally has been solved. Can be greatly improved. Naturally, the difference in dyeability due to the difference in heat history of the fiber, which has often been a problem in the dyeing of polyester fibers, has an effect equal to or higher than that of the conventional carrier agent. The reason why the dyeing aid of the present invention exerts the above-mentioned effects is unknown, but it is used as a conventional carrier agent in which the compound of the above general formula has both an aromatic ring, an alkylene glycol chain and an ester group. It has a unique chemical structure compared to conventional compounds, and is considered to have an affinity for both polyester fibers and disperse dyes, and its molecular weight is larger than that of conventional carrier agents. It is considered to be the source.

The dyeing aid of the present invention can be applied not only to polyester fibers alone, but also to blended and mixed fabrics of cotton, hemp, rayon, wool, nylon fibers, acetate fibers and the like.

[0011]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, which, however, are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Synthesis Example 1 188 g of phenol and 0.4 g of NaOH were weighed into a test autoclave (manufactured by Pressure Glass Co., Ltd.), dehydrated at 105 ° C. under reduced pressure, the reaction vessel was replaced with nitrogen, and then heated to 140 ° C. Then, the dropping of ethylene oxide was started. Since the temperature of the reaction system rises due to the heat of the reaction, a total of 88 g of ethylene oxide was added at 160 to 180 ° C.

138 g of a 1 mol ethylene oxide adduct of phenol thus obtained and 50 parts of succinic anhydride
g was weighed in a four-necked flask and reacted at 100 ° C. for 1 hour to synthesize a monoester.
0.9 g was added thereto, and a dehydration reaction was carried out at 160 to 180 ° C. for 2 hours under a nitrogen stream, and R ₁ = H, R ₂ = H, n
= 1 and X = -CH ₂ CH _2- .

Synthesis Examples 2 to 8 and Comparative Synthesis Examples 1 to 5 Reactions were carried out in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 to obtain compounds of the present invention shown in Table 1 and compounds for comparison.

[0015]

[Table 1]

Example 1 In order to compare the performance of the dyeing aid of the present invention with that of a conventional dyeing aid, various performance tests were performed as described below. The compound of the present invention was subjected to a dyeing test using, as an emulsifier, a 20 mol adduct of ethylene oxide of tristyrylphenol, which was separately synthesized by a conventional method. Table 2 shows the obtained results.

Only those dyed using the compound of the present invention exhibited no leveling and showed excellent leveling properties, and the problem of smoking, which had been a problem with conventional carrier agents, was solved. In addition, it was excellent in dispersibility and transferability, which are basic performances to be provided as a dyeing assistant.

[0018]

[Table 2]

[Table 3]

Performance Evaluation Method (i) Leveling Test (Irratability Prevention Test) A woven fabric composed of polyester thick and thin yarns subjected to a 25% alkali weight reduction treatment after scouring is subjected to a mini color dyeing machine (manufactured by Texam Giken Co., Ltd.) And stained under the following conditions.

[Dye bath composition and dyeing conditions] Kayaron Polyester Orange R-SF (CI Disperse Orange 73) 0.5% owf Kayaron Polyester Scarlet RL-SF (CI Disperse Red 143) 0.5% owf Kayaron Polyester Navy Blue R -SF (CI Disperse Blue 146) 0.5% owf 90% acetic acid 0.5 ml / l leveling agent 1 to 10 g / l Dyeing conditions Temperature rising 2 ° C / min, 130 ° C x 30min Bath ratio 1:20

After dyeing, Sunmol RC-1 (Nichika Chemical Co., Ltd.)
(Reducing detergent) 2 g / l, soaped at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes, washed with water and dried.

The dyeing state of the surface of the woven fabric dyed brown in this way was visually judged according to the following criteria. X: Irritability is large and cannot be put to practical use. △ There is slight irritation. ○ Irritations that are almost inconspicuous and have no practical problems. ◎ No irritation was observed.

(Ii) Migration test To see the leveling effect of the dyeing aid on the dye transfer power, put a pre-dyed cloth and a white cloth in the same bath containing the dyeing aid and remove them from the dyed cloth under high temperature dyeing conditions. We tested how much the dye migrated to the white cloth.

(1) Staining Staining was performed under the following conditions. Dyeing object: Polyester thick and thin fabric Dye: Kayaron polyester navy blue
R-SF Acetic acid: 0.5 ml / l Bath ratio: 1:30 Temperature / time: 130 ° C x 30 minutes Dyeing machine: Mini jet dyeing machine Model P-300 (manufactured by Texam Giken Co., Ltd.)

(2) Test A white cloth of the same type and amount as the dyed cloth obtained by the above dyeing is treated under the following conditions. Dyeing assistant: 1 g / l Acetic acid: 0.5 m / l Bath ratio: 1:20 Dyeing machine: Mini color dyeing machine (Texam Giken Co., Ltd.)
Made)

(3) Evaluation The reflectance of the dyed cloth and the white cloth to be dyed obtained in the above test was measured, the density correlation value was obtained from the reflectance, and this was applied to the following equation to evaluate the dye transfer rate. .

[0027]

(Equation 1)

However, a color eye from Macbeth was used as a colorimeter.

(Iii) Dispersibility test (empty-cooking filtration method) The following solution was heat-treated at 130 ° C for 60 minutes, and then 90 ° C
The solution was filtered at the same temperature, and the presence or absence and the state of the residue on the filter paper were evaluated.

Holon Rubin S-2GFL (CI Disperse Red 167) 1 g / l Dyeing Aid 1 g / l Acetic Acid 0.5 ml / l Liquid Volume 150 ml Dyeing machine Color pet dyeing machine (manufactured by Nippon Dyeing Machine Co., Ltd.) 5A

[Evaluation Criteria] 染料 There is no dye residue or tar compound on the filter paper. ○ There is very little dye residue or tar on the filter paper. △ Dye residue or tar product on filter paper, slightly poor dispersibility. C: Dye residue or tar substance is large on filter paper, and dispersion is poor.

(Iv) Smoking test In order to test the smokeability of the dyeing assistant, dyeing was carried out under the following conditions. Dyeing object: Polyester processed yarn fabric (Ponzi) Dye: Kayaron polyester navy blue
R-SF 1% owf Dyeing aid: 8 g / l Acetic acid: 0.5 ml / l Bath ratio: 1:30 Temperature / time: 130 ° C x 30 minutes Dyeing machine: Mini jet dyeing machine Model P-300 (Texam Giken Co., Ltd. )

After dyeing, Sunmol RC-1 (Nichika Chemical Co., Ltd.)
(Reducing detergent) 2 g / l, soaped at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes, washed with water and dried.

[Evaluation method] The fabric dyed blue in this way was cut into a size of 28 cm x 50 cm, and then a pin tenter was used.
(Uenoyama Iron Works Co., Ltd.) and heat set at 180 ° C. for 1 minute. At this time, smoke generated from the chimney of the pin tenter was carefully observed and evaluated according to the following criteria.

Good: no smoke was generated. △ Smoke is slightly generated. × There is a large amount of smoke.

[0036]

According to the present invention, when dyeing polyester fiber at high temperature and high pressure, it is called "irritation" due to shading between fibers or partial shading of one fiber due to the difference in crystallinity of the polyester fiber. The disproportionate dyeing that can be done can be solved.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A dyeing aid for polyester fibers containing at least one compound represented by the following general formula:
In a water-based dyeing bath using a disperse dye
When performing exhaust dyeing with an emulsifier, emulsify with an emulsifier
A dyeing aid for polyester fibers, which is used below . Embedded image In the above formula, R ₁ and R ₂ each represent hydrogen, chlorine or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X represents a methylene group, an ethylene group or a vinylene group, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.