JPH0490432A - Cooling/heating system with radiant ceiling - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To introduce a simplified cooling/heating system and facilitate the installation work by setting up a system comprising a ceiling consisting of a ceiling material with a moisture permeability coefficient of over a specified value, a suitably insulated closed space formed above the ceiling material, a heat source and a blower for circulating cool air or warm air inside said closed space. CONSTITUTION:Cooling or heating is effected with the temperature at the surface of the ceiling at approximately 20 deg.C for the cooling and at approximately 35 deg.C for the heating by a system wherein a ceiling material with a moisture permeability coefficient of over 1g/m<2>.h.mmHg is used, a suitably insulated closed space is formed above said ceiling material, and cooled or heated air is circulated inside said closed space by the use of a heat source such as a heat pump. For example, for the ceiling of an eight-mat room, the ceiling is formed by spreading a ceiling material 1 of rock wool, a closed space as a ceiling chamber 2 which is suitably insulated by an insulating material 5 is formed above the ceiling, and an air conditioner 6 acting as a heat source and a blower is placed in the ceiling chamber 2 to circulate cool air or warm air inside the ceiling chamber 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a ceiling radiation heating and cooling system that cools or heats a ceiling surface to cool or heat a room.

[Prior Art] A conventionally used ceiling radiant heating and cooling system is shown in FIG. This is a heat source 16 such as a heat pump connected to piping 17 such as a steel pipe installed inside the ceiling slab 4.
Cooling water or heated water is supplied from the pump 15, and the temperature of the ceiling surface is set to about 20°C for cooling purposes.
When the purpose is heating, the temperature is set to 35°C to cool and heat the room. Here, 1 is a ceiling material and 5 is a heat insulating material.

Another conventional example is a system as shown in FIG. 6, which is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 1-22918. this is,
Exposed piping 17 is provided above the lattice-shaped ceiling material 1 serving as the ceiling surface, and cold or hot water is flowed through the piping 17 similarly to the system shown in FIG. 5 to perform heating and cooling.

Here, 11 is a header.

Such heating and cooling systems that utilize heat transfer through radiation from the ceiling surface can provide comfortable indoor conditions because unpleasant air currents are unlikely to occur and the vertical temperature distribution within the room is extremely small.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the conventional ceiling heating and cooling system shown in FIG. In addition, the system shown in Figure 6 is similarly difficult to install, and both conventional examples have the disadvantage that there is always the risk of water leaking into the room because the air conditioning is performed by circulating water. was there. Additionally, both systems require a dehumidifier to prevent dew condensation on the ceiling surface during cooling, and for dehumidification they require a heat source other than the heat source that cools the air conditioner, and the dehumidifier generates airflow. However, it has the disadvantage that the feeling of airflow cannot be eliminated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a system that is easy to install, does not have to worry about water leakage, and can also dehumidify ceilings without using a dehumidifier. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ceiling radiant heating and cooling system that can prevent condensation on surfaces.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the ceiling radiant heating and cooling system of the present invention includes a ceiling surface made of a ceiling material having a moisture permeability of 1 g/m2·h·mmHg or more, and the ceiling material. It is characterized by comprising a closed space formed on the back surface of the device and properly insulated, and a heat source and a blower for circulating cold or warm air into the closed space. In other words, a ceiling material with a moisture permeability of Ig/m2・h-mmHg or more is used, a closed space is formed on the back side of the ceiling material and is properly insulated, and the closed space is cooled or heated by a heat source such as a heat pump. If the purpose is to cool the ceiling surface temperature by circulating air, the temperature should be around 20℃,
When the purpose is heating, heating and cooling is performed by setting the temperature to about 35°C.

[Function] The present invention uses air as a refrigerant or heat medium to circulate cold or warm air in a closed space formed on the back surface of a ceiling material having moisture permeability 1.

During cooling, air cooled by a heat source such as a near conditioner releases the water vapor it contains as train water during the cooling process, resulting in low-temperature, low-humidity air. Now, when the low-temperature, low-humidity air flows into a closed space separated from a high-temperature, high-humidity room by a moisture-permeable ceiling material, the difference in partial pressure of water vapor inside the room and that of the closed space is used as a driving force. The water vapor in the room moves into the closed space, dehumidifying the room. At the same time as this dehumidification, the ceiling material is cooled by the cooled air, and the room is cooled by radiation and natural convection.

Furthermore, by using air as a refrigerant or heat medium, the structure can be made simpler than when water is used as a refrigerant or heat medium. Furthermore, the heat capacity is small because the ceiling material is the only structure that increases heat capacity. Therefore, cooling and heating start up quickly.

[Example] An example of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The specific contents of these examples will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following description.

(Example 1) As shown in FIG. 1, a rock wool ceiling material 1 was pasted on the ceiling of an 8-tatami mat to form a ceiling surface.

The ceiling material 1 made of rock wool has a moisture permeable zone of 8.5 g/m2.
h - mmHg, the thermal resistance per unit area is 0.1/
m2-/W, and the thickness is 12 mm.

Behind the ceiling to which this rock wool ceiling material 1 is pasted, there is formed an attic space 2 as a closed space that is properly insulated with a heat insulating material 5, and a near conditioner that serves as a heat source and a blower is formed in this attic space. 6 is installed to circulate cold or warm air into the attic space 2. The near conditioner 6 is composed of an indoor unit 6a and an outdoor unit 6b, the indoor unit 6a is placed in the attic space 2, and the outdoor unit 6b is placed outdoors. 3 is the interior, and 4 is the ceiling slab.

When cooling, the room temperature 2 can be reduced by setting the attic space 2 to about 8℃.
It was possible to obtain an average ceiling surface temperature of 22°C at 8°C. At this time, although cooling was performed without using a dehumidifier, no condensation occurred on the ceiling material 1. Furthermore, a dehumidifying effect of 560 g/h was confirmed as drain water from the near conditioner mortar 6.

By setting the temperature of the attic space 2 to about 55°C during heating, it was possible to obtain an average ceiling surface temperature of 33°C at a room temperature of 20°C.

(Example 2) In this example, a system as shown in FIG. 2 was installed on the ceiling of an 8-tatami room. As the ceiling material l, the same material as in Example 1 was used. In this system, a channel 10 with a height of 2 cm is formed with a plywood board 8 and a ceiling material 1, which is a closed space, and a field edge 9 with a width of 4 cm and a height of 2 cm is attached parallel to the flow. is used as a partition for each channel 10 and as a spacer between the sacrificial plywood 8 and the ceiling material 1.

Ladders 11 are provided at the inlet 13 and outlet 14 of the flow path 10, respectively. FIG. 3 shows details of the connection between the flow path 10 and the near conditioner 6 as a heat source and blower. Two similar channels 10 are arranged in parallel, and the inlet 13 and outlet 14 of each channel 10 are connected to the indoor unit 6a of the near conditioner 6 through a duct 12. Since the cross-sectional area of the header 11 is sufficiently large, the pressure loss in the header 11 portion is sufficiently smaller than the pressure loss in the flow path 10 portion. Therefore, the flow rate of cool air or warm air in each flow path 10 is substantially uniform. A graph showing the thermal characteristics of the room 3 in this embodiment is shown in FIG. In the fourth section, the vertical axis shows the temperature, the horizontal axis shows the time, the symbol A is the temperature change of the inlet circulating air, the mouth is the temperature change of the outlet circulating air, C is the temperature change of the entrance ceiling surface, and the second is the exit ceiling Temperature change on the surface, E indicates temperature change in room temperature.

Further, the amount of drain water from the near conditioner 6, which represents the dehumidifying effect, was about 600 g/h. The outdoor temperature and relative humidity during the experiment were 32° C. and 62% RH, and the indoor relative humidity was maintained at 50% RH.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the ceiling width radiation cooling viewing room system of the present invention, as described above, cool or warm air is circulated in the closed space formed on the back side of the ceiling material for heating and cooling, so it can be used as a refrigerant or a heat medium. It can be heated and cooled using air instead of water, and there is no need to worry about water leakage like in the past. Moreover, the system can be simplified and construction can be carried out very easily. In addition, we use a ceiling material with a moisture permeability of 1 g/m2・h-mmHg or higher, and the cooling air is circulated in a closed space behind the ceiling material, ensuring the amount of dehumidification required for ceiling cooling. Condensation does not occur on the surface of the ceiling material, and there is no need for a separate dehumidifier as in the past, and the feeling of air flow caused by a dehumidifier can be eliminated. In addition, since cold or warm air is sent into an insulated closed space, there is less heat absorbed by the ceiling slab, allowing heating and cooling to start up quickly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of the ceiling radiant heating and cooling system of the present invention, FIG. 2(a) is a sectional view of another embodiment of the same as above,
Figure (b) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 2 (a), Figure 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the same as the above, Figure 4 is a graph showing the thermal characteristics of the same as the above, and Figure 5 is a conventional example. FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view of another conventional example, in which 1 is a ceiling material, 2 is an attic space, 3 is a room, 4 is a ceiling slab, 5 is a heat insulating material, and 6 is a near part. It's a conditioner. Figure 1 Agent Patent Attorney Ishi 1) Chief 7 Figure 2 (b) Figure 5 Figure 6 Procedural Amendment (Voluntary) November 16, 1990

Claims (1)

[Claims] [1] A ceiling surface composed of a ceiling material with a moisture permeability of 1 g/m^2・h・mmHg or more, a closed space formed on the back side of the ceiling material and appropriately insulated, and the interior of the closed space. A ceiling radiant heating and cooling system characterized by consisting of a heat source and a blower that circulate cold or warm air through the air.