JPH0483023A - Accessory attaching/detaching mechanism for construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To save labor for attaching/detaching accessory by providing the pair of outward hooks on both the ends of a telescopic body attendantly provided on the tip of a boom, and insertedly locking the said hooks between the pair of pins provided on accessories such as a bucket, etc. CONSTITUTION:A link, composed of an erecting link 9, a linking link 10, and a telescopic body 11 telescopical by oil pressure, is formed on the tip parts of a boom 5 and a cylinder rod 8. Next paired upper and lower hooks 12 and 13, made outward hook state, are provided on the upper and lower parts of the telescopic body 11 respectively. Then the pair of engaging pins 16 and 17 is provided on the fitting body 15 of accessories such as a bucket 14, etc. When the accessories are fitted, the telescopic body 11 is contracted to insert the hooks 12 and 13 between the pins 16 and 17, and then the telescopic body 11 is extended to engagedly fix both the hooks 12 and 13 and the pins 16 and 17. Reverse operation is made at the time of removing the accessories. This permits the attaching/detaching and exchanging of various accessories by only an operator and using a simple device.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a construction machine used for excavating earth and leveling the ground, and in particular, a construction machine that is capable of attaching and detaching accessories for performing various civil engineering works to the tip of the boom. This invention relates to a mechanism for attaching and detaching accessories for construction machinery that can be freely connected.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In construction machines, particularly trench-digging and hole-digging machines called excavators, backhoes, etc., accessories attached to the boom have often been replaced for the purpose of the work.

Excavators have traditionally been widely used in civil engineering and construction work, and these excavators have a configuration in which a packet for digging out earth and sand is connected to the tip of an arm. By swinging this boom and packet using a hydraulic cylinder, it was widely used for excavating earth and sand and forming trenches.

However, an excavator has a packet attached to the tip of its boom and is not only used for simple digging, but also used for other tasks. In other words,
Instead of a boom-mounted packet, other attachments were sometimes connected to the boom and used for certain civil engineering and construction tasks. For example, in some cases, packets with different excavation widths are attached to match the hardness of the earth and sand and the width of the trench. In addition, there were cases in which a breaker was connected to the tip of the boom or a grip was attached and used for destruction work or cargo handling work. By combining these various accessories,
The excavator could be used for various types of construction work, improving its applicability at work sites.

In order to change or connect such accessories, conventionally the packet attached to the tip of the boom was removed and accessories for other purposes were connected manually. In this work, first remove the pin connecting the boom and packet, separate the packet from the boom, then connect other accessories to the boom, insert the pin so that it passes through the accessory and the boom, I was connecting the two. The work of attaching and detaching accessories to change the use of the excavator was done manually, and the work required to insert and remove pins and replace accessories was time consuming and required several workers. If such replacement requires time and manpower, efficiency at the work site will be hindered.)7. For this reason, if it were possible to freely attach and detach accessories to the boom according to the purpose of the work, the efficiency of labor and time at the site would be greatly improved.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) For this reason, only the operator operating the excavator can
If the accessory attached to the tip of the arm can be attached and removed and replaced with an accessory for another purpose, no other worker is required for replacement.

If the excavator operator can perform the replacement work alone, and there is no need for the conventional work such as inserting and removing pins that penetrate the boom, the work will be safer and the time required for replacement will be reduced, which will significantly reduce the need for replacement work. This results in high work efficiency.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention relates to a movable vehicle body, a boom that is placed on the vehicle body and can swing up and down, a connecting body that is installed at the tip of the boom and can freely extend and contract its length, and a boom that is attached to the connecting body. In a construction machine consisting of an accessory and an accessory that are combined together to perform civil engineering work, hooks facing in opposite directions are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the expandable body, and a pair of pins are connected to the accessory in parallel at intervals. To provide a mechanism for attaching and detaching an accessory to a construction machine, in which the accessory can be detachably connected to the tip of a boom by inserting both hooks between both pins and expanding the entire length of the telescopic body. be.

[Effect]

In the present invention, the telescopic body attached to the tip of the boom includes:
Each has hooks facing in opposite directions. Therefore, by expanding and contracting the expandable body, the upper and lower hooks can be extended or contracted in opposite directions. This operation can be performed by an operator sitting in the excavator seat and does not require assistance from other workers.

Then, pins are fixed in parallel to each accessory such as a packet or a breaker, and the two hooks are inserted between both bottles, and then the expandable body is expanded. Then,
A pair of pins are engaged by the upper and lower hooks, and accessories are connected to the tip of the boom. By performing this operation, any type of accessory can be changed by a single operator.

(Example) Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention attached to the tip of the boom of an excavator.

Endless tracks 2 are provided on the left and right sides of the lower part of the car body 1 on which the engine etc. are mounted.
can move freely forward, backward, left and right. And, on the front of this car body 1, there is an arm 3 bent in a slightly dogleg shape.
is mounted so that it can swing up and down. Hydraulic cylinders 4 for raising and lowering are installed between the left and right sides of the arm 3 approximately at the center and the front of the vehicle body 1, respectively, and the arm 3 is swung up and down by the hydraulic cylinders 4.

A boom 5 having a slightly elongated shape is connected to the upper end of the arm 3 so as to be able to swing up and down, and a hydraulic cylinder 6 for swinging is located between the center of the back of the arm 3 and the rear end of the boom 5. is mediated. This hydraulic cylinder 6 allows the boom 5 to swing vertically relative to the arm 3. Further, the rear end of a packet cylinder 7 is connected to the center of the back of this boom 5, and a rising link 9 is connected to a cylinder rod 8 of this packet cylinder 7.
are connected to the left and right. And this launch link 9
The lower end of the boom 5 is connected to both sides near the tip of the boom 5. Furthermore, a connecting link 10 is provided at the tip of the cylinder rod 8.
are connected to the left and right sides, and between the tip of this connecting link 10 and the tip of the boom 5 is a telescopic body 1 that expands and contracts by hydraulic pressure.
1 is installation.

These standing links 9, connecting links 10, and elastic bodies 1
1 constitutes a slightly rectangular link mechanism. Upper hooks 12 are fixed to the left and right upper portions of the stretchable body 11, and lower hooks 13 are fixed to the left and right lower portions of the stretchable body 11.

The packet 14 shown in FIG. 1 has a conventionally known structure, and a mounting body 15 is connected to a part of the outer periphery of the packet 14, and a space is left between the sides of the body 15. The engagement pins 16 and 17 are fixed and recessed. The engagement pins 16 and 17 may have a conventional structure in which the packet 14 is fixed by being inserted into a pin hole for mounting the packet 14.

Next, in FIG. 2, the vicinity of the expandable body 11 will be explained in an enlarged manner.

A rising link 9 and a connecting link 10 are rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the cylinder rod 8 by pins 20. Further, the lower ends of both raising links 9 are rotatably connected to the side surface near the tip of the boom 5 by a pin 21.

The extensible body 11 is composed of two symmetrical extensible mechanisms, each of which is attached to the upper cover 2.
4 and the lower cover 25 form an outer frame. These lower covers 25 are each slidably inserted into the upper cover 24, and the upper cover 24 is rotatably connected to the tip of the connecting link 10 by a pin 22. Further, the lower cover 25 is rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the tip of the boom 5 by pins 23, respectively. The cross-sectional shapes of the upper cover 24 and the lower cover 25 are each rectangular, and both can freely slide in their length directions.

A pair of upper hooks 12 bent into a slightly L-shape are attached symmetrically to the upper front surface of the upper cover 24. Each upper hook 12 has a semicircular arc-shaped hook surface 26 formed on its protruding upper surface, and this hook surface 26 is open upward. A guide surface 27 continuous with the hook surface 26 is formed on the pin 22 side of the hook surface 26 in an inclined manner. Further, L-shaped lower hooks 1 are provided at the front lower part of the lower cover 25, respectively.
3 are attached symmetrically, and a semicircular arc-shaped hook surface 28 is formed on the lower side of the lower hook 13.

Next, FIGS. 3 and 4 show the internal structure of the expandable body 11. FIG. FIG. 3 shows a partially broken perspective view of one of the expandable bodies 11, and FIG. 4 shows a side view taken along the perspective view AA in FIG. 2.

The insides of the upper cover 24 and the lower cover 25 are hollow, and a hydraulic cylinder 30 for expansion and contraction is housed in the hollow inside. A connecting portion 31 with a large diameter at the rear end of this hydraulic cylinder 30 is located at the upper part of the upper cover 24, and is brought into close contact with the inner wall of the upper cover 24 via a collar 32, 33. , this large diameter portion 31,
The pin 22 is passed through the collars 32, 33. A retaining ring 34 is inserted through each end of the pin 22, and the retaining ring 34 is fixed to the pin 22 with a key or the like so that it will not fall off.

Further, the tip of the cylinder rod 35 that extends and contracts from the hydraulic cylinder 30 is a large diameter portion 36, and the left and right sides of this large diameter portion 36 are connected to the lower cover 2 by collars 37.3B.
4, the lower cover 25, collar 37
．． 38, the pin 23 is inserted through the large diameter portion 36. A locking ring 39 is inserted through both ends of the pin 23, and the pin 23 and the locking ring 39 are fixed with a key or the like so that they will not fall out.

In this way, the extensible body 11 of this embodiment is connected instead of the packet 14 between the tip of the boom 5 and the tip of the connection ring 10 of a conventionally known excavator.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG.

First, FIG. 5(A) shows a state in which no accessories for civil engineering work are attached to the tip of the boom 5, and the operation for attaching the packet 14 is about to start.

In this case, the packet cylinder 7 is extended to its maximum length, the hydraulic cylinder 30 inside the telescopic body 11 is contracted to the maximum, and the upper hook 12 is
The interval between the lower hook 13 and the lower hook 13 is narrowed to the minimum. In this state, by operating the hydraulic cylinder 4.6, the arm 3,
Swing the boom 5 up and down and attach the upper hook 12 to the packet 1.
4 and approach the retaining pin 16 of No. 4. At this time, the packet cylinder 7 is fully extended, so the upper hook 12 is at the top of the mechanism, and the lower hook 13 is on the vehicle body l side.
The lower hook 13 does not come into contact with the engagement pin 17.

Once the inner periphery of the engagement pin 16 is brought into contact with the hook surface 26 of the upper hook 12, the hydraulic cylinders 4 and 6 are operated to slightly raise and lower the boom 5.

This state is the state shown in FIG. 5(B).

Then, the engagement pin 16 is hooked on the upper hook 12,
The packet 14 will be lifted as it is. After this, in the state shown in FIG. 5(B), the upper funk 1
2, when the packet 14 remains suspended, the packet cylinder 7 is contracted. Then, launch link 9
rotates clockwise in the figure around the pin 21, pulling the connecting link 10 to the right in FIG. Therefore, the entire stretchable body 11 is also pulled together, and the pin 23
The packet 14 is rotated clockwise around the center, and the packet 14 is drawn toward the tip of the boom 5. Then, the relatively lower engagement pin 17 approaches the lower hook 13, and then the lower hook 13 is inserted through the space between the engagement pins 16 and 17.

When the lower hook 13 passes over the upper part of the engagement pin 17 and is located in the space between the engagement pins 16 and 17, the hydraulic cylinder 30
Stretch. Due to the operation of this hydraulic cylinder 30,
The cylinder rod 35 is pushed out and acts to widen the spacing between the pins 22,23. Then, the interval between the upper hook 12 fixed to the upper cover 24 and the lower hook 13 fixed to the lower cover 25 is widened, and the lower hook 13 is relatively moved toward the upper surface of the engagement pin 27. It will be done. Then, when the hook surface 28 of the lower hook 13 comes into contact with the engagement pin 17, the two retaining pins 16 and 17 are held so as to be pushed apart by the pair of upper hook 12 and lower hook 13, and as a result, Figure 5 (
As shown in C), the packet 14 is now connected to the tip of the boom 5.

If the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 30 is constantly increased, the hook surfaces 26, 28 of the upper hook 12 and lower hook 13 are always pressed against the engagement pin 16, 17, and the packet 14 will not come off the tip of the boom 5.

In addition, in order to remove the bucket eye 4 from the tip of the boom 5, contrary to the above, as shown in FIG. 5, (C) and (B)
, (A), the packet 14 is removed from the extensible body 11 at the tip of the packet 5.

Similarly to this packet 14, if various accessories with engagement pins fixed at the same intervals as these engagement pins 16 and 17 are prepared, one operator on board the car body 1 can perform various You can freely select and install accessories.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention is configured as described above, although it has a simple configuration, an accessory attachment/detachment mechanism is provided at the tip of a conventional excavator, and accessories used for civil engineering work and construction work, such as packets, can be attached and removed. By simply fixing the parallel retaining pins, you can freely change and attach various accessories to the tip of the boom.

The selection and attachment/detachment of accessories can be performed by a single operator sitting on the excavator's vehicle body. It does not require any personnel and can save labor.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an example in which an embodiment of the present invention is applied to an excavator, Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a telescoping body attached to the tip of a boom, and Fig. 3 is an inside of the telescoping body. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along arrow A-A in FIG. 2 showing the inside of the expandable body, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the operation of this embodiment. be. 1...Vehicle body, 3...Arm, 5...Boom, 7.
... Packet cylinder 9 ... Startup link, 10
...Connection link, 11...Stretchable body, 12...Upper hook, 13...Lower hook, 14...Packet, 16
．． 17... Engagement bottle, 30... Hydraulic cylinder Patent applicant Japanic Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Hibi Ameaki (A) No.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A movable vehicle body, a boom placed on the vehicle body that can swing up and down, a connecting body that is installed at the tip of the boom and can freely expand and contract its length, and this connecting body. In a construction machine consisting of an accessory that is engaged with the body to perform civil engineering work, hooks facing in opposite directions are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the expandable body, and a pair of pins are connected to the accessory at intervals. A construction machine accessory attachment/detachment mechanism that allows accessories to be detachably connected to the tip of a boom by fixing them in parallel and inserting both hooks between both pins and then expanding the entire length of the telescopic body.