JPH0473266A - Polyester fiber for interlacing treatment with high-speed water stream - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain polyester fiber, readily interlacing thereof in interlacing treatment with high-speed water streams and capable of providing a fabric having a high breaking strength by applying an oiling agent containing a specific amount of a higher fatty acid partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol as an active component thereto. CONSTITUTION:An oiling agent containing 20-50 wt.% higher fatty acid ester partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol, preferably an ester of sorbitan or diglycerol, etc., with lauric acid, myristic acid, etc., and containing 20-50 wt.% partially esterified substance having residual unreacted alcoholic hydroxyl groups in the molecule as an active component or an oiling agent containing 30-70 wt.% alkali metallic salt of a higher fatty acid as an active component is emulsified and applied to polyester-based fiber, which is then dried and cut to afford the aforementioned polyester staple fiber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to polyesters suitable for entanglement treatment with high-speed water jets. More specifically, the present invention relates to a polyester miscellaneous material for high-speed hydro-entanglement treatment, which allows fibers to be easily entangled and a non-woven fabric with high breaking strength to be obtained when a non-woven fabric is produced by entangling fiber webs by high-speed hydro-entanglement treatment.

(Prior art) It has been widely used to produce nonwoven fabrics by intertwining fibers and miscellaneous nibs with a needle punch, etc., but in recent years, fibers have been manufactured using the large kinetic energy of high-speed water jets. The method for producing nonwoven fabrics by entangling them has been significantly expanded because it has advantages such as less damage compared to the needle punch method, and the resulting nonwoven fabrics have excellent uniformity and a soft texture. It's coming.

However, as the fibers used in high-speed water treatment, short fibers for spinning or type II miscellaneous materials for needle punching are often used as they are, and the fibers may not be entangled enough or the oil component on the IIN may be removed during the treatment. There is a problem that the quality of the obtained non-tlA fabric is deteriorated due to falling off.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention was made in view of the problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to obtain a nonwoven fabric in which fibers are easily entangled and have excellent physical properties such as breaking strength by high-speed water treatment. The object of the present invention is to provide a polyester fiber that is suitable for the characteristics of a high-speed water treatment process.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found that the surface properties required for conventional short fibers for needle punching are as follows: Fiber during drying to prevent needle breakage and fiber damage 1! Low high-speed friction between fibers and high fiber-to-fiber low-speed friction during drying to prevent handling of fibers after entanglement and increase the strength of the nonwoven fabric. We discovered that characteristics that are completely different from these characteristics are important factors. That is, IIH by water jet
Therefore, the fiber-to-fiber high-speed friction is low when wet rather than dry, and in order to increase the strength of the nonwoven fabric, it is necessary to increase the fiber-to-fiber low-speed friction when dry, as in the conventional method. We found that this is necessary. The present invention was made as a result of further intensive studies based on this knowledge.

That is, according to the present invention, (1) a polyester fiber for high-speed hydroentanglement treatment, characterized in that it is provided with an oil agent containing 20 to 50% by weight of a higher fat-acid partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol as an active ingredient; , and (2) 30% higher fat-acid alkali metal salt as an active ingredient.
Provided is a polyester fiber for high-speed hydroentanglement treatment, characterized in that it is provided with an oil agent containing ~70% by weight.

The higher fatty acid-containing partial esters of polyhydric alcohols used in the present invention include trihydric or higher alcohols such as turudotane, glycerin, diglycerin, triglycerin, and pentaerythritol, preferably diglycerin, triglycerin, or sorbitan. , lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid.

Suitable are partial esters with higher fatty acids such as oleic acid, stearic acid, and isostearic acid, in which unreacted alcoholic hydroxyl groups remain in the molecule, such as diglycerol distearate, Triglycerol distearate, sorbitan distearate, trimethylolpropane monooleate, pentaerythritol dilaurate, sorbitan monolaurate, and the like are preferably used. Note that a small amount of alkylene oxide may be added to the polyhydric alcohol, but if too much alkylene oxide is added, it becomes difficult to obtain the effects of the present invention described later, so the amount added needs to be 5 moles or less.

Further, as the alkali metal base of higher fatty acid, for example, the same sodium salt or potassium salt of the higher fatty acid as mentioned above is preferably used.

The present invention provides that the higher fatty acid partial ester or higher fatty acid alkali metal salt of polyhydric alcohol simultaneously has a higher alkyl group exhibiting hydrophobicity and a functional group exhibiting appropriate hydrophilicity in its molecule. This is presumed to be due to the fact that the film strength of the oil adhering to the fibers is high even in the wet state, and the high-speed friction between m and via miscellaneous remains low in the wet state, whereas the low-speed friction in the dry state remains low. It has been found that this method has great effects, such as maintaining a high level of NH, resulting in efficient entanglement of NH, resulting in a nonwoven fabric with a good eye surface (appearance), and improved strength of the nonwoven fabric.

Therefore, if the amount used is too small, the above effects will not be achieved, while if it is too large, the emulsifying property will decrease, making it impossible to obtain a stable emulsion, making it difficult to apply it to fibers, or reducing the antistatic property. The amount used is 20 to 50% by weight in the case of partial esters and 30 to 70% by weight in the case of high-grade fatty acids. There is a need to. Note that the partial ester and the higher fatty acid salt may be used in combination, and in that case, the amount may be changed as appropriate within the range of 20 to 70% by weight depending on the mixing ratio.

Although the oil agent used in the present invention contains the above-mentioned components, other components may also be used in combination within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention. Examples of such components include emulsifiers for use in emulsions, electrostatic agents for preventing static electricity, other antioxidants, preservatives, and the like.

The method of applying the above-described oil to polyester fibers is not particularly limited, but a dip, spray, or oiling roller method is usually employed in the polyester fiber drawing process. The amount of oil applied is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.4% by weight based on the weight of the polyester [t.

In the present invention, heat treatment may or may not be performed after application of the oil agent, but if heat treatment is performed, it is desirable that the treatment temperature be 160° C. or lower to prevent volatilization and decomposition of the oil agent.

Next, the polyester used in the present invention is mainly polyethylene terephthalate, and a part of its acid component and/or diol component (15 mol% or less based on the total acid component) is isophthalic acid, pentasodium sulfonate. Dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, diethylene glycol 1.
It may also be a copolymerized polyester substituted with a diol such as 4-butanediol or polyethylene glycol.

These polyesters also contain matting agents, optical brighteners,
Antistatic agents, flame retardants, etc. may be added.

(Effect of the invention) Since the polyester fiber of the present invention is provided with the above-mentioned oil agent, it is estimated that the high-speed friction during wetting is lowered and the movement of the fiber is smooth when exposed to a water jet, resulting in a needling effect. will improve. On the other hand, after it is made into a product, the low-speed friction during drying is large, and the resistance to shearing between the fibers when pulled is increased, which is presumed to improve the strength of the nonwoven fabric.

Therefore, the quarter-needle punched nonwoven fabric produced using the l1ffl of the present invention has an eye surface (appearance) of
It has excellent uniformity and mechanical properties, and can be applied to a wide range of fields.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. Note that the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 064 as measured in an orthochlorophenol solution (35° C.) was melt-spun to obtain an undrawn yarn having a single fiber denier of 4.2 De. This undrawn yarn was stretched 3.1 times in hot water at 70°C, and in the form of a tow, 35% by weight of sorbitan distearate, 15% by weight of a 10 mole adduct of polyoxyethylene of nonylphenol, and a polyester of sorbitan tristearate. 10% by weight of 15 mol adduct of oxyethylene, 10% by weight of 10 mol adduct of polyoxyethylene of lauryl alcohol, oleyl-
It was immersed in an aqueous solution of an oil agent consisting of 30% by weight of ethyl sulfate of dimethylamine, squeezed with a crimper so that the amount of oil adhesion was 0.2% by weight, and crimped at the same time.
A dry heat treatment was performed at 120° C. for 30 minutes, and the fibers were cut into a length of 38 ml to obtain polyester short fibers with a denier of 1.5 e.

Examples 2-10. Comparative Examples 1 to 5 A polyester fiber H)-U obtained by spinning and drawing under the same conditions as in Example 1 was immersed in an aqueous solution of an oil agent having the composition shown in Table 1, and the amount of oil agent attached was 0.2 weight. The fibers were squeezed with a crimper and crimped at the same time so that the fibers were crimped, and treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain single [denyl 1,5 De polyester staple fibers.

The polyester short fibers obtained above were opened in a conventional manner, and then passed through a card and a cross wrapper.

The evaluation of the short fibers of Comparative Examples 3 and 5 was discontinued because a large amount of static electricity was generated in the card and winding around the cylinder occurred, making it impossible to obtain a normal web.

In the short fibers of Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.4, good webs were obtained without such problems. Next, these webs were passed through a nozzle diameter of 0.0127cn+.

Water pressure 60k (1/csf, distance between web and nozzle @7.
A nonwoven fabric was obtained by applying a water knee link under the condition of 6 cm. The basis weight of these nonwoven fabrics is approximately 609.
/TIt.

These nonwoven fabrics were cut into strips with a width of 5.0 cm, and the gripping length was 1001 J, and the strength was measured by pulling at a speed of 100 ram/min (unit: (strength/width)/fabric weight - NJ/cm)/
(!7/TrL)] was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from these results, the nonwoven fabric made of polyester fibers of the present invention has high strength, uniform grain, and good appearance, whereas the nonwoven fabric of the comparative example has low strength and has a uniform grain. It was uneven and looked inferior.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A polyester fiber for high-speed hydroentanglement treatment, characterized in that it is provided with an oil agent containing 20 to 50% by weight of a higher fatty acid partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol as an active ingredient. (2) 30% high fat-acid alkali metal salt as an active ingredient
A polyester fiber for high-speed hydroentanglement treatment, characterized in that it is provided with an oil agent containing ~70% by weight.