JPH0472147B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an air extraction device for an absorption chiller/heater, and particularly to an extraction device for an absorption chiller/heater that can easily remove noncondensable gas accumulated in a condenser. Regarding an air bleed device.

[Conventional technology]

The conventional absorption chiller/heater, as shown in Figure 2,
Water-cooled dual-effect types were common. In the figure, a high-temperature regenerator 1 heats a diluted absorption liquid that has absorbed refrigerant vapor with combustion gas or steam, and generates refrigerant vapor from the diluted absorption liquid to produce a concentrated absorption liquid. Separator 2 is high temperature regenerator 1
The refrigerant vapor generated is separated from the concentrated absorption liquid. The low-temperature regenerator 3 reheats the concentrated absorption liquid whose temperature has been lowered by passing through a high-temperature solution heat exchanger (described later) with the high-temperature refrigerant vapor coming from the separator 2, and further generates refrigerant vapor from the concentrated absorption liquid. , the refrigerant vapor from the separator 2 is condensed into refrigerant liquid. The condenser 4 cools the refrigerant vapor generated in the low-temperature regenerator 3 with the cooling water flowing through the cooling pipe 5 to form a refrigerant liquid. The evaporator 6 spreads the refrigerant liquid from the condenser 4 onto the heat exchanger tubes 7, and cools the circulating water flowing inside the heat exchanger tubes 7 using the heat of vaporization when the refrigerant liquid is vaporized into refrigerant vapor. The absorber 8 distributes the highly concentrated concentrated absorption liquid that has passed through the low-temperature regenerator 3 into the absorber 8, and causes the refrigerant vapor vaporized in the evaporator 6 to be absorbed into the concentrated absorption liquid. A high vacuum is maintained within the evaporator 6 by the absorption action of the absorber 8. The high temperature solution heat exchanger 9 and the low temperature solution heat exchanger 10 exchange heat between the concentrated absorption liquid and the dilute absorption liquid. In addition, in the figure, 11 is a solution pump, and 12 is a cooling/heating switching valve.

By the way, in the above-mentioned absorption chiller/heater,
Due to the structure, non-condensable gases such as hydrogen tend to accumulate in the condenser 4, and the presence of non-condensable gases in the condenser 4 causes problems in operation. Therefore, it is necessary to promptly exhaust such non-condensable gases, and for this purpose, an air extraction device is generally provided in addition to the above-mentioned devices.

As shown in the figure, the conventional air bleed device 15 connects the diffuser 1 to the wall of the condenser 4 via a solenoid valve 16.
7 is attached, and this differential user 17 and cooling pipe 5 are connected by a connecting pipe 19 having a solenoid valve 18, and both solenoid valves 16 and 18 are connected to a controller 21 provided via a pressure sensor 20. It had been.

When the non-condensable gas accumulates in the condenser 4, the pressure in the condenser 4 increases, and the pressure sensor 20
A signal is sent to the controller 21, and based on this signal, the controller 21 opens the solenoid valve 18 to supply cooling water to the differential user 17. Further, the controller 21 opens the solenoid valve 16 to cause the diffuser 17 to absorb the non-condensable gas in the condenser 4 and discharge it together with the cooling water to the outside of the system. Furthermore, if the pressure inside the condenser 4 decreases due to non-condensable gas being discharged, both the solenoid valves 16 and 18
close to stop the air bleed.

Note that non-condensable gas also accumulates in the absorber 8, but this non-condensable gas is contained in the concentrated absorption liquid and is considered to be in a small amount compared to the refrigerant vapor, and is periodically discharged via the exhaust valve 22. was discharged to the outside.

The above explanation is for a case where the absorption chiller/heater is used for cooling, and in this case, the air conditioning/heating switching valve 12 is closed. However, when this absorption chiller/heater is used for heating, the cooling/heating switching valve 12 is opened, and the circulating water in the heat transfer tubes 7 is heated by combustion gas or the like that heats the high temperature regenerator 1.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the above conventional technology, cooling water is used to discharge the non-condensable gas in the condenser, so it is difficult to install the absorption chiller/heater in a place where this cooling water cannot be easily obtained. was difficult.

An object of the present invention is to provide an air extraction device that allows flexibility in the installation location of an absorption chiller/heater by discharging noncondensable gas in a condenser without using cooling water. be.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the extraction device of the absorption chiller/heater of the present invention has a cooler that absorbs the non-condensable gas in the condenser, which has a lower pressure than the inside of the condenser by being cooled. , a pump that pumps the refrigerant liquid condensed by the condenser to the evaporator; and a pump that is arranged in series with the pump, and mixes non-condensable gas in the cooler into the refrigerant by pumping the refrigerant. The refrigerant refrigerant is provided with a diffuser for causing the refrigerant to bleed, and a bleed means provided on the downstream side of the diffuser to bleed the non-condensable gas mixed into the refrigerant liquid.

[Effect]

According to the above configuration, when the cooler is cooled, the pressure inside the cooler becomes lower than that of the condenser, and the non-condensable gas accumulated in the condenser is absorbed into the cooler.
On the other hand, the refrigerant liquid condensed by the condenser is sent under pressure to the evaporator by a pump, but when this refrigerant liquid passes through the diffuser, it is sucked into the cooler and non-condensable gas is mixed into the liquid. Mixed. After the non-condensable gas mixed in the refrigerant liquid passes through the evaporator, it is extracted together with the refrigerant vapor by the extraction means and discharged to the outside.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. Note that the same parts as in the prior art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed explanations will be omitted.

In FIG. 1, the high temperature regenerator 1, separator 2, low temperature regenerator 3, high temperature solution heat exchanger 9 and low temperature solution heat exchanger 10 are the same as those described above.

As shown in the figure, an air-cooled condenser 30 having a large number of fins 30A on its outer surface is provided downstream of the low-temperature regenerator 3. A cooling fan 31 is installed next to the condenser 30, and the condenser 30 is air-cooled by the cooling fan 31. Further, an evaporator 6 is provided downstream of the condenser 30 via a refrigerant pump 32 and a refrigerant pipe 33. A heat transfer tube 7 through which circulating water flows is disposed within the evaporator 6, and above it a flash chamber 6A for self-cooling the refrigerant liquid.
is disposed, and the refrigerant liquid coming from the condenser 30 is distributed onto the heat transfer tubes 7 through the flash chamber 6A. An air-cooled absorber 35 having a large number of fins 35A on its outer surface is provided below the evaporator 6. A cooling fan 36 is installed beside the absorber 35, and the absorber 35 is air-cooled by this cooling fan 36.

A cooler 40 is provided on the side of the condenser 30. One side of the cooler 40 is connected to the upper and lower parts of the condenser 30 via an introduction pipe 41, and the other side is connected to the refrigerant pipe 33 by a diffuser 17. is combined with The lower part of the cooler 40 is connected to the lower part of the condenser 30 via a refrigerant return pipe 42. Further, a branch pipe 43 branched from the heat transfer tube 7 is disposed in the cooler 40, and the cooler 40 is cooled by cooling water (part of the circulating water) flowing inside the branch pipe 43. There is.

A bleed chamber 50 is attached to the outer wall surface of the evaporator 6 near the flash chamber 6A.
is cooled by refrigerant vapor in the evaporator 6. Bleed pipes 51 are disposed between the bleed chamber 50 and the evaporator 6 and absorber 35, respectively. The bleed pipe 51 is for sucking in the non-condensable gas present in the evaporator 6 and the absorber 35 together with the refrigerant vapor. A solution introduction pipe 52 is disposed at the upper part of the bleed chamber 50 from the downstream side of the solution pump 11, and can supply the dilute absorption liquid in the absorber 35 to the bleed chamber 50. A gas separator 53 is connected from the lower part of the bleed chamber 50.
A gas downcomer pipe 54 is provided, and the gas separator 53 and absorber 35 are connected by a solution return pipe 55. Further, the gas separator 53 and a gas storage chamber 56 arranged above the gas separator 53 are connected by a gas separation pipe 57. On the upper surface of the gas storage chamber 56, in order to separate and discharge the hydrogen gas in the gas storage chamber 56,
Palladium cell 59 heated by electric heater 58
is installed. Furthermore, an exhaust valve 60 is disposed on the side surface of the gas storage chamber 56 for discharging the non-condensable gas stored in the gas storage chamber 56 to the outside using a vacuum pump or the like (not shown).

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

The circulating water cooled by the evaporator 6 flows into the branch pipe 4.
3, the inside of the cooler 40 is cooled and the pressure becomes low. Therefore, the non-condensable gas accumulated in the condenser 30 is drawn into the cooler 40 together with the refrigerant vapor. The refrigerant vapor is condensed into a refrigerant liquid within the cooler 40 and flows through the refrigerant return pipe 42 to the lower part of the condenser 30, while the non-condensable gas remains within the cooler 40. On the other hand, the refrigerant liquid condensed by the condenser 30 is pressurized by the refrigerant pump 32 and sent to the evaporator 6. When the refrigerant liquid passes through the diffuser 17, the non-condensable gas in the cooler 40 is sucked and the non-condensable gas is mixed into the liquid.

The refrigerant liquid mixed with the non-condensable gas is dispersed into the evaporator 6 and immediately vaporizes into refrigerant vapor, and the circulating water in the heat transfer tubes 7 is cooled by the heat of vaporization. The refrigerant vapor vaporized in the evaporator 6 is absorbed in the absorber 35 by the concentrated absorption liquid coming from the cold solution heat exchanger 10. The concentrated absorption liquid that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor becomes diluted in concentration and becomes a dilute absorption liquid and accumulates in the lower part of the absorber 35.
Further, the non-condensable gas is separated from the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator 6 and accumulated in the evaporator 6 and the absorber 35.

The diluted absorption liquid in the lower part of the absorber 35 is then pressure-fed to the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 10 by the solution pump 11, and a part of it is introduced into the bleed chamber 50. The dilute absorption liquid introduced into the bleed chamber 50 absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the evaporator 6 and absorber 35, and at the same time draws in non-condensable gas. The absorbed heat generated at this time is cooled by refrigerant vapor in the evaporator 6, and the inside of the intake chamber 50 can be maintained at a low pressure. The non-condensable gas sucked into the bleed chamber 50 mixes into the dilute absorption liquid and is conveyed to the gas separator 53 via the gas downcomer pipe 54. The non-condensable gas is separated from the dilute absorption liquid in the gas separator 53, and the dilute absorption liquid is returned to the absorber 35 via the solution return pipe 55, and the non-condensable gas is separated into gas via the gas separator 57. It is transported and stored in the storage room 56. Among the noncondensable gases stored in the gas storage chamber 56, hydrogen gas reacts with a palladium cell 59 heated by an electric heater 58, and is separated and discharged.
The remaining non-condensable gas is exhausted to the outside via the exhaust valve 60.

According to this embodiment, since the cooler is cooled by circulating water flowing through the heat transfer tubes, the cooling effect is very good. Furthermore, since the refrigerant liquid condensed in the cooler is returned to the condenser, the cooling capacity does not decrease.

Although the condenser and absorber are air-cooled in this embodiment, they are not limited to this, and may be water-cooled as in the past.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to suck the non-condensable gas in the condenser without using cooling water, and an absorption chiller/heater can be installed even in places where cooling water cannot be obtained. can do.

Furthermore, even if the absorption chiller/heater is an air-cooled type, non-condensable gas in the condenser can be easily removed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall structural diagram of an air-cooled absorption chiller/hot water machine equipped with an air extraction device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an overall structural diagram of a water-cooled absorption chiller/heater equipped with a conventional air extraction device. 1... High temperature regenerator, 2... Separator, 3... Low temperature regenerator, 4, 30... Condenser, 6... Evaporator, 7... Heat exchanger tube, 8, 35... Absorber, 9... High temperature solution heat exchanger,
10...Low temperature solution heat exchanger, 11...Solution pump, 1
7... Diff user, 31, 36... Cooling fan, 3
2... Refrigerant pump, 33... Refrigerant pipe, 40... Cooler,
41... Introduction pipe, 42... Refrigerant return pipe, 43... Branch pipe, 50... Air extraction chamber, 51... Air extraction pipe, 52... Solution introduction pipe, 53... Gas separation pipe, 54... Gas downcomer pipe, 5
5... Solution return pipe, 56... Gas storage chamber, 57... Gas separation pipe, 58... Electric heater, 59... Palladium cell, 60... Exhaust valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cooler that is cooled to a lower pressure than the inside of the condenser and sucks noncondensable gas in the condenser, and a pump that pumps the refrigerant liquid condensed by the condenser to the evaporator. a diffuser disposed in series with the pump, which mixes non-condensable gas in the cooler into the refrigerant liquid by pumping the refrigerant liquid; An air extraction device for an absorption chiller/heater, comprising: an air extraction means for extracting noncondensable gas mixed in the water.