JPH0728535Y2 - Absorption cold water heater - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an absorption chiller-heater, and more particularly to an absorption chiller-heater in consideration of elimination of non-condensable gas generated in a low-pressure portion inside the machine.

[Conventional technology]

A conventionally known absorption chiller-heater and a bleeder used for removing the non-condensable gas will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

The air-cooled absorption chiller-heater shown in the figure includes a water heater 2 for supplying hot water heated by a heating coil 2A, a high temperature regenerator 1, a separator 3, a low temperature regenerator 4, a condenser 5, and a cold water coil 7A. Equipped with an evaporator 7, an absorber 6, a solution pump 10, a check valve 11, a cooling fan 12, a low-temperature heat exchanger 9, and a high-temperature heat exchanger 8, which are provided with air to supply cold water cooled by a cold water coil 7A. It consists of an absorption refrigerator. A heating medium is enclosed in the water heater 2, and the space above the liquid surface is depressurized to atmospheric pressure or lower. Also heating coil
2A, a cold / hot water pump 14 for supplying water to the cold water coil 7A is provided, and the cold water coil 7A and the heating coil 2A are a cold / hot water three-way valve.
It is connected to a supply destination (not shown) via 13.

At the time of supplying cold water, the cold / hot water three-way valve 13 is operated so as to connect the cold water coil 7A and a supply destination not shown, and water is sent to the supply destination by the cold / hot water pump 14 via the cold water coil 7A and the cold / hot water three-way valve.

The absorbing liquid heated in the high temperature regenerator 1 is separated into a refrigerant vapor and an intermediate concentrated solution in the separator 3, and the refrigerant vapor flows into the condenser 5 via the low temperature regenerator 4. Intermediate concentrated solution is high temperature heat exchanger 8
After heat-exchanged with the dilute solution flowing into the heating side and flowing in the heated side, it is heated by the refrigerant vapor flowing into the low temperature regenerator 4 and flowing from the separator 3, and the refrigerant is evaporated to become a concentrated solution. The concentrated solution flows into the heating side of the low temperature heat exchanger 9 to exchange heat with the dilute solution flowing on the heated side, and then flows into the absorber 6.
The refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 7 is absorbed to form a dilute solution.
This dilute solution is returned by the solution pump 10 to the high temperature regenerator 1 via the check valve 11, the heated side of the low temperature heat exchanger 9 and the heated side of the high temperature heat exchanger 8. On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the low temperature regenerator 4 flows into the condenser 5, is separated by the separator 3 and flows into the evaporator 5 via the low temperature regenerator 4 (a part thereof is a liquid refrigerant). .) Together with the cooling fan 12 to be condensed and become a liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator 7 which is maintained at a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure and evaporates, but at this time, the heat of evaporation is taken from the water flowing in the cold water coil 7A to cool the water. The evaporated refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the concentrated solution in the absorber 6 as described above. The water sent to the cold water coil 7A by the cold / hot water pump 14 is cooled in this way, but in order to evaporate the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 7 at a predetermined temperature, the inside of the evaporator 7 must be maintained at a low pressure. Is. If there is a non-condensable gas contained in the absorbing liquid or a gas leaking from the outside, the pressure inside the evaporator cannot be maintained at a predetermined low pressure, the amount of evaporation decreases, and the cooling capacity decreases.

In order to prevent the pressure inside the machine from rising in this way, a bleeding device is provided. The structure and operation of the extraction device of the air-cooled absorption chiller-heater will be described with reference to FIG. The bleeding device is the condenser 5
The liquid refrigerant introduced from the evaporator 7 to the evaporator 7 self-evaporates and is self-cooled, and the extraction chamber 28 disposed near the flash chamber 35, and the extraction pipe 29 that guides the non-condensable gas to the extraction chamber 28 together with the refrigerant vapor.
And a solution branch pipe 30 that guides a part of the solution from the outlet of the solution pump 10 to the extraction chamber 28, a strainer 31 and an orifice 32 that are arranged in series with the solution branch pipe 30, and uniformly wet the inside of the extraction chamber 28 with the solution. 33 provided in such a manner, a gas downcomer pipe 34 that connects the extraction chamber 28 and the gas separator 36, and a gas separator.
A solution return pipe 37 that connects the absorber 36 with the absorber 6, and a gas separator 36.
And a gas storage chamber 39 connected via a gas separation pipe 38. The gas storage chamber 39 is provided with a palladium cell 41 heated by an electric heater 40 and an exhaust valve 42 connected to a vacuum pump (not shown).

Since the surroundings of the extraction chamber 28 are constantly cooled by the refrigerant vapor, the extraction chamber 28 has a lower pressure than the absorber 6, and the refrigerant vapor and the non-condensable gas flow through the extraction pipe 29. The refrigerant vapor is fed to the extraction chamber through the solution branch pipe 30 and absorbed by the solution distributed by the distributor 33, and the non-condensable gas is mixed with the solution and passes through the gas downcomer pipe 34 to separate the gas. Transferred to 36. The non-condensable gas is separated from the solution in the gas separator 36, and the solution is sent to the absorber 6 via the solution return pipe 37. The non-condensable gas is stored in the gas storage chamber 39 through the gas separator 38, the hydrogen gas therein is separated and discharged by the palladium cell 41 heated by the electric heater 40, and the other non-condensable gas is discharged. It is discharged to the outside through a valve 42 by a vacuum pump.

At the time of supplying hot water, the absorption refrigerator side is stopped, the cold / hot water three-way valve 13 is operated so as to communicate the heating coil 2A and a supply destination not shown, and the cold / hot water pump 14 is operated to supply water to the heating coil 2A, It is sent to the supply destination through the cold / hot water three-way valve 13.
A heating medium is enclosed in the water heater 2, and the space above the liquid surface is
The pressure is reduced to below atmospheric pressure. The heat medium is heated and evaporated, and the heat medium vapor heats the water in the heating coil 2A. The heating medium vapor after heating is condensed to become a liquid again. The space on the liquid surface of the heat medium in the water heater 2 facilitates evaporation and condensation,
As described above, it is kept at a low pressure below atmospheric pressure, and it becomes difficult to keep it at a low pressure when non-condensable gas is present.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

However, in the conventional technology as described above, the circuit of the water heater and the circuit of the absorption refrigerator are separated from each other in order to eliminate the deterioration of the heating capacity during heating and the complicated control method. The non-condensable gas generated in the vessel was not extracted, and the heating capacity might be reduced.

An object of the present invention is to extract the non-condensable gas in the water heater of the absorption chiller heater.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The above-mentioned object is provided with an absorption refrigerator that supplies cold water and a water heater that supplies hot water as a heating means using vapor evaporated at a pressure of atmospheric pressure or less, and the cold water and hot water are supplied to a load through a common pipe. In the absorption chiller-heater configured as described above, a cooler that is connected to the steam part of the water heater via a bleed pipe and has cooling fins on the outer circumference, and heat that communicates the bottom part of the cooler with the water heater. A medium return pipe, a noncondensable gas transfer means connected to the cooler via a noncondensable gas extraction pipe, a noncondensable gas outlet side of the transfer means and an absorber of the absorption refrigerator. A non-condensable gas transfer pipe that communicates, a pressure detector that detects the pressure of the steam part of the water heater and outputs a pressure signal, and a non-condensable gas take-out pipe that is interposed and controlled to open and close by the pressure signal. Flow path opening / closing means and a cooling device for sending cooling air to the cooler. And use a fan, is achieved by providing a.

[Action]

The heat transfer medium and non-condensable gas flowing into the cooler are cooled by the cooling fan, so the pressure inside the cooler becomes lower than the steam part of the water heater, and the heat transfer medium containing the non-condensable gas continues. Inflow. The heat medium vapor is cooled and condensed, and the gas inside the cooler becomes rich in noncondensable gas. When the amount of the non-condensable gas in the steam part of the water heater increases and the pressure of the steam part becomes higher than the set pressure, the pressure detector outputs a pressure signal. Based on this signal, the flow path opening / closing means provided in the noncondensable gas extraction pipe is opened, and the noncondensable gas is transferred to the absorber through the noncondensable gas transfer pipe by the noncondensable gas transfer device. It

When the non-condensable gas transfer means is an ejector that uses the solution discharged from the solution pump as a driving fluid, the non-condensable gas is sucked by the ejector and then sent to the absorber in a state of being mixed with the solution that is the driving fluid. To be

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described below based on the embodiment shown in FIG. The parts having the same functions as those of the conventional example shown in FIG.

A cooler 18 is connected to the steam part 2B of the water heater 2 via an extraction pipe 19, and the bottom part of the cooler 18 and the steam part 2B of the water heater 2 are connected by a heat medium return pipe 20 to the cooler 18. An ejector 24, which is a transfer means of the non-condensable gas, is connected via a non-condensable gas extraction pipe 23. The non-condensable gas take-out pipe 23 is provided with a solenoid valve 23A which is a flow path opening / closing means.
A solution three-way valve 25 is provided on the discharge side of the solution pump 10 of the absorption refrigerator, and one of the outlets of the solution three-way valve 25 and the drive fluid inlet of the ejector 24 are connected by an ejector drive solution pipe 26. The outlet of the ejector 24 is connected to the absorber 6 by a noncondensable gas transfer pipe 27. Fins are provided on the outer surface of the cooler 18, and a cooling fan 12 for cooling the cooler 18 is provided. The cooling fan 12 may be shared with the cooling fans for the condenser 5 and the absorber 6. A pressure detector 21 for detecting the pressure of the steam portion 2B of the water heater is provided, and the cooling fan 1 is based on the pressure signal output from the pressure detector 21.
2. A controller 22 is provided which starts and stops the solution pump 10 and opens and closes the solenoid valve 23A.

When hot water is supplied, when the water heater 2 is heated and the heat medium evaporates and the pressure of the steam part 2B of the water heater exceeds the set value due to the presence of non-condensable gas, the pressure detector 21 changes to the controller 22. A signal is sent, the cooling fan 12 is activated by the output signal of the controller, and the solution pump 10 is activated by the timer operation, and then the solenoid valve 23A is opened.

The non-condensable gas and the heat medium vapor flowing into the cooler 18 via the extraction pipe 19 are cooled by the cooling fan 12 via the cooler wall surface, so that the inside of the cooler 18 becomes lower in pressure than the water heater 2. . The heat medium vapor becomes a condensation heat medium and returns to the water heater 2 through the heat medium return pipe 20. The non-condensable gas in the cooler 18 is sent to the absorber 6 via the non-condensable gas transfer pipe 27 while being mixed with the solution that is sucked by the ejector 24 and drives the ejector 24.
The above operation is continued until the pressure in the water heater 2 becomes equal to or lower than the set value, and when the pressure becomes equal to or lower than the set value, the solenoid valve 23A is closed,
The solution pump 10 and the cooling fan 12 are stopped. Solution three-way valve 2
5 is linked with the cold / hot water three-way valve 13, and can be switched between cold water supply and hot water supply. Further, since the ejector driving fluid is a solution in the absorption refrigerator, it does not cause any inconvenience even if it is sent into the absorber together with the non-condensable gas.

When hot water is supplied, the absorber 6 functions as a storage room for the non-condensable gas, and the stored non-condensable gas is extracted from the absorber as needed, or is attached to the absorption refrigerator when the cold water is supplied. It may be bleed by the bleeding device.

According to the present embodiment, in the air-cooled absorption chiller-heater, it is possible to extract the non-condensable gas in the water heater during the hot water supply operation, and the effect of maintaining the thermal efficiency by preventing the efficiency of the heat medium vapor from decreasing. There is. Further, since the discharge liquid of the solution pump irrelevant to the hot water supply is used as the drive fluid of the ejector, the hot water supply force is not affected. Further, the present invention can be applied to a water-cooled absorption chiller-heater, in which case the cooling fan 12 needs to be mounted separately.

[Effect of device]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, a cooler connected to the steam part of the water heater is provided, and the non-condensable gas transfer means is connected to the cooler via a pipe provided with a flow path opening / closing means. , Since the outlet of this transfer means is connected to the absorber through a pipe and a pressure detector for detecting the pressure of the steam part of the water heater is provided, when the pressure in the water heater exceeds a set value, It becomes possible to take out the non-condensable gas in the water heater and send it to the absorber, and keep the evaporation pressure of the water heater at a predetermined value.
This has the effect of preventing the thermal efficiency of heating from decreasing.

In addition, since the heat transfer medium vapor evaporated in the water heater is condensed in the cooler and returned to the water heater, it can be operated without increasing the concentration of the solution in the water heater. There is no need to carry out the work to take it out, and the maintenance work can be simplified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an air-cooled absorption chiller-heater showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a conventional example of an air-cooled absorption chiller-heater, and FIG. 3 is provided in an absorption refrigerator. It is a systematic diagram which shows the conventional example of the bleeding device which is doing. 2 ... Water heater, 2B ... Steam part of the water heater, 12 ... Means for cooling the steam inside the cooler (cooling fan), 18 ... Cooler, 21 ... Pressure detector, 23 ... Non-condensing Gas extraction pipe,
23A: flow path opening / closing means (solenoid valve), 24: non-condensable gas transfer means (ejector), 27: non-condensable gas transfer tube.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An absorption refrigerating machine for supplying cold water and a water heater for supplying hot water by using steam evaporated at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure as heating means, and the cold water and hot water are supplied to a load through a common pipe. In an absorption chiller-heater configured to
A cooler that is connected to the steam section of the water heater via a bleeder pipe and has cooling fins on the outer periphery, a heat medium return pipe that connects the water heater bottom to the water heater, and a non-condensable condenser A non-condensable gas transfer means connected through a gas take-out pipe, a non-condensable gas transfer pipe communicating the non-condensable gas outlet side of the transfer means with the absorber of the absorption refrigerator, and the hot water. Pressure detector for detecting the pressure of the steam part of the vessel and outputting a pressure signal, flow path opening / closing means which is interposed in the noncondensable gas extraction pipe and is controlled to open / close by the pressure signal, and for cooling the cooler An absorption chiller-heater having a cooling fan for sending air.