JPH0466934B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improvement of a spreader roller in an open-end spinning machine, and more particularly to a spreader roller having pins installed in place of the currently widely used metallic wire. Prior art A spreading roller with metallic wire wound on its surface has a relatively large cross-sectional area at the tips of its teeth, so it has difficulty biting into the sliver to be spread, and therefore cannot provide a sufficient spreading effect for thick slivers. It is difficult to list. In addition, the metallic wire itself has a base that is considerably wider than the thickness of the tip of the tooth, and is fixed by being pushed into the spiral groove carved on the surface of the roller. It is not possible to increase the tooth tip density in the direction. Furthermore, since the metallic wire has an angular cross-sectional shape, it has the advantage of high resistance to fibers and a strong fiber gripping force, but it has a disadvantage in terms of fiber peeling. In addition, it also has the major drawback of being susceptible to tooth tip wear. Therefore, it is not preferable in terms of opening performance and lifespan for opening slivers made of synthetic fiber staples which have a high friction coefficient but a high degree of opening and parallelism and do not require much opening force. The tips of the wire teeth are made to have high hardness to prevent wear, but since the wire needs to be very flexible in order to wrap it around small diameter rollers such as opening rollers, There is a limit to the improvement of hardness, and the desired results have not yet been achieved. In view of these drawbacks of metallic wires, a spreading roller has been proposed in which pins are embedded in the outer peripheral surface of the wire in place of the wires. According to this method, the cross-sectional shape is circular and there is little resistance to the fibers, and since the needles are planted one by one, the desired hardening treatment is possible, and the degree of freedom in selecting the planting density in the width direction is also increased, making it possible to The above drawbacks can be overcome. Therefore, fiber opening rollers with embedded pins are now being used for synthetic fibers. However, if this opening roller is directly used for cotton, various problems will occur and the quality of the spun yarn will deteriorate. Purpose and Summary of the Invention As a result of research, the present inventors have found that when a sliver is opened and the fibers are transferred into a rotor to form a yarn, the factors that have a large effect on the yarn quality of the opening roller are the pin arrangement, The needle inclination angle of the pin, the height of the pin (needle height),
Furthermore, it was found that it was the rotation speed of the opening roller. As a result of various studies on the pin planting conditions of conventionally known pin-type fiber opening rollers, the present invention was completed by finding a combination that would yield the best results for cotton slivers. That is, the present invention is a fiber opening roller for an open-end spinning machine in which pins are implanted on the cylindrical outer circumferential surface of a roller body, and the pins are arranged at predetermined intervals in the width direction over the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface. The pins are arranged in a staggered manner on two spiral lines set with The opening roller is tilted forward with the opening and the height of the tip of the pin from the outer circumferential surface is set to a constant value within the range of 2 to 3 mm. Example First, regarding the arrangement of the pins 2, when opening a sliver, it is preferable that the row of needle heads be perpendicular to the direction of the arranged fibers. As shown in Fig. 5, if the needle head row is perpendicular to the fiber length direction, the movement of the fiber in the X direction (lateral movement) when biting into the sliver is prevented, and the pin 2 is However, if the needle head row X' is at an angle other than perpendicular to the fibers, as shown in , the fibers will move in the X direction. This makes it easier to comb the fibers, and the degree of combing of the fibers decreases accordingly. Also, if the weft density of the needle heads is small, the fibers will move in the X direction between the needle heads, and the number of fibers that cannot be combed will increase.
Favorable fiber opening cannot be expected. In the case of metallic wire, a linear wire is wound around the roller body, so a: distance between tooth tips, b:
Pitch between spiral wires, D: As the diameter of the roller body, it is impossible to make √(πD) ² +b ² /a=N an integer due to the presence of π, so the tooth tip row should be at right angles to the fibers. is impossible, and even if it takes a value close to an integer, D, b
is almost fixed, so it is impossible to freely choose a. Furthermore, as mentioned above, it is difficult to increase the lateral density of the tooth tips. On the other hand, in the case of pins, the needles are planted by drilling holes on the roller body, so the arrangement can be freely selected, and the lateral movement of the fibers (in the X direction) is suppressed, making it possible to open the fibers without disturbing them. . The pin arrangement is the so-called one-lead type, in which the pins are implanted along one spiral line C ₁ -C ₂ -C ₃ -C ₄ , as shown in Fig. 3, and the so-called one-lead type, as shown in Fig. 4. The pins 2 are inserted at equal intervals along a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) parallel spiral lines D ₁ −D ₂ −, E ₁ −E ₂ , F ₁ −F ₂ , and G. There is a so-called multi-lead type. In the former (Fig. 3), the pins 2 are arranged at relatively close intervals on the coordinate axis X in the rotational axis direction of the roller body 1.
Since there are two pins, each pin is located at a different position, and each pin always acts on the same position in the width direction of the sliver every rotation of the opening roller. In order to strengthen the opening action, in Fig. 3, the distance of the pin acting position in the sliver width direction, that is, the pitch between the spiral lines P ₂ = H/n (H:
It is necessary to reduce the width of the needle planting portion of the roller body (n: number of spirals) or increase the number of rotations to increase the number of times the pin contacts the sliver. However, the needle head pitch is too low.
If P ₁ is made small, a number of pins will come into contact with one fiber, which has the disadvantage that the fibers will be difficult to separate, and pitch P ₂ in the width direction cannot be made very small due to the diameter restriction of the pins. Since the pins 2 in FIG. 4 are present at a predetermined position on the coordinate axis X in a number corresponding to the number of spiral wires (four in the illustrated example), they exert a strong opening action on the fibers in this part. Give. When planting needles at the same pitches P ₁ and P ₂ as shown in Figure 3, it is necessary to set multiple spiral lines in the width direction of the relatively narrow roller, and each spiral angle' is smaller than that of the one-lead type. This results in a paradoxical result in that the number of needles acting on the same position increases, but on the other hand, the treated fibers tend to be left unscraped, which is unfavorable in terms of fiber opening. Compared to these conventional pin arrangements, in the opening roller of the present invention shown in FIG. It is planted. That is, as is clear from FIG. 2, the pin 2 is connected to a spiral line A ₁ −A ₂ −A ₃ − set with a spiral angle.
A ₄ and parallel to this half pitch in the width direction (1/2P ₂ )
Equally spaced on top of another spiral line B ₁ −B ₂ −B ₃ −B ₄ −B ₅ set at a position shifted by
It is planted with P ₁ . Moreover, the pins 2 on the spiral lines A and B are arranged in a staggered manner so that they are located at the midpoints of two adjacent pins on the other line, so according to this arrangement, By arranging the pins on one of the two spiral lines to occupy the intermediate position between the two adjacent pins on the other line, even if the needle head density is the same, It is possible to overcome the drawbacks of the one shown in the figure, to provide a fiber-spreading roller that leaves no residue, has an excellent fiber-spreading effect, and has less fiber wrapping. Next, regarding the relationship between the pins that control the opening of the sliver and the fibers, Figures 6 to 8 show the product of count strength (Lee strength x
Count number) and needle angle (pin inclination angle), U% and needle angle,
The relationship between the number of neps and the needle angle is shown.
All spinning conditions are as follows. Raw material: 100% cotton (average fiber length 22mm) Rotor rotation speed: 60000rpm Opening: 7000rpm (1 lead staggered arrangement) Roller rotation speed Number of needles: 702P Spinning count: 20S Twisting coefficient: 5.3 Relationship between needle angle and yarn quality However, as shown in FIG. 1A, the inclination angle (needle angle) θ of the pin 2 of the opening roller of the present invention is set to a constant value with respect to the rotational direction of the roller body 1. In the range of 60 to 90 degrees, the smaller the angle θ, the better the opening force will be, but the more the fibers will be cut, the more the peeling will be poor, and the fibers will be more likely to get wrapped around each other during opening. Furthermore, as the inclination angle θ of the pin increases, the opening force decreases, and the fiber gripping force also decreases, making it difficult to transport the fibers in an even manner. Therefore, when the inclination angle θ of pin 2 decreases, the count force product decreases, and when it increases, it almost reaches an equilibrium state, and U% and NEP improve as the inclination angle of the pin decreases, but decrease beyond a certain limit. This in turn worsens, and as the inclination angle increases, this also worsens. Based on these results, in order to spin high-quality yarn, the inclination angle of the pin (needle angle) must be set to a constant value within the range of 65° to 80°, as shown in Figures 6 to 8. It became clear that it was necessary to do so. Regarding the relationship between the pin height (needle height) h and yarn quality shown in Figure 1B, in the range of 1 to 5 mm, if the needle height is low, the length for the pin to penetrate into the sliver is insufficient, resulting in a fiber opening effect. If the effect is not exerted or is high, the action becomes excessive and fiber breakage increases, while the fibers sink, making it difficult to separate the fibers. In either case, the quality of the spun yarn deteriorates, which is undesirable. Therefore, if the needle height h exceeds the appropriate range,
The count strength product decreases, and the U% and NEP number also deteriorate. From these results, in order to spin high-quality yarn, it is necessary to keep the pin height h to a constant value within the range of 2 to 3 mm, as shown in Figures 6 to 8. It turns out that it is. The relationship between the rotational speed of the opening roller that controls the opening of the sliver and the yarn quality is shown in FIGS. 9 to 11. The spinning conditions are as follows. Raw material: 100% cotton (average fiber length 22mm) Rotor rotation speed: 60000rpm Spinning count: 20S Twist coefficient: 5.3 Needle angle: 75° needle height: 2.5mm Number of needle heads: 702P Spreading roller rotation speed (1 lead 2 column) is 4000~
In the range of 10,000 rpm, when the rotation speed decreases, the opening force is insufficient, and the centrifugal force acting on the fibers is insufficient, making it difficult to peel, and when the rotation speed increases, the opening force increases too much, causing fibers to break. As the amount increases, the centrifugal force acting on the fibers becomes excessive, the fiber gripping force of the pin decreases, and it becomes difficult to transport the fibers in an even manner. Therefore, when the number of rotations of the opening roller exceeds the appropriate range, the count strength product decreases, and the U% and the number of neps also deteriorate. From these results, in order to spin high-quality yarn, it is necessary to keep the rotation speed of the opening roller at a constant value within the range of 6000 to 8000 rpm, as shown in Figures 9 to 11. One thing became clear. Finally, the relationship between the number of needle heads and yarn quality, which is thought to control the opening of the sliver, is shown in FIGS. 12 to 14.
All spinning conditions are as follows. Raw material: 100% cotton (average fiber length 22 mm) Rotor rotation speed: 60000 rpm Opening Fiber roller rotation speed: 70000 rpm (1 lead 2 rows pin arrangement) Spinning count: 20S Twisting coefficient: 5.3 Needle angle: 75° needle height: 2.5mm Experiments were conducted in the range of 468 to 936 threads/roller to determine the relationship between the number of needle heads and yarn quality, but contrary to expectations, it became clear that the number of needle heads had almost no effect. As is clear from the above results, the present invention relates to a fiber opening roller for an open-end spinning machine in which a pin is implanted on the cylindrical outer circumferential surface of the roller body 1, and the pin is attached to the entire outer circumferential surface of the roller body 1. The pins are arranged in a staggered manner on two spiral lines set at a predetermined interval in the width direction over the circumference, and the pins are arranged at an angle of 65° to 80° in the rotational direction of the roller body with respect to the outer peripheral surface. It is tilted forward at a certain inclination angle within the range of 2°, and the height of the tip of the pin from the outer peripheral surface is 2°.
It is necessary to set the fiber opening roller to a certain value within the range of ~3 mm, and the opening roller of the present invention with such a configuration operates best when operated at a rotation speed in the range of 6000 to 8000 rpm. do. The effects of the present invention will become clearer from the following specific numerical values based on the results of spinning experiments. [Experiment] The quality of spun yarn was compared using each opening roller according to the following specifications.

【table】

[Table] As described above, the yarn spun by the spreading roller of the present invention was superior in both strength and yarn unevenness compared to the conventional spreading roller using a pin. Effects of the Invention As detailed above, according to the present invention, by specifying the inclination angle, height, and arrangement pattern of the pins, the pin-type opening roller, which was conventionally considered to be unsuitable for cotton, has been improved. We have succeeded in putting this into practical use, and it is highly effective as it can respond to the need for thicker slivers and higher speeds for open-end spinning machines as a result of streamlining the pre-spinning process.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1A is a front cross-sectional view showing a part of the pin-type opening roller, FIG. 1B is a side cross-sectional view, FIG.
Figures 4 and 4 are exploded views showing two conventional types of pin arrangement, Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of the lateral movement of fibers based on the pin arrangement, and Figures 6, 7, and 8 are needles. Diagrams showing the relationship between the needle angle and each element of yarn quality with height as a parameter, Figures 9, 10, and 11 are lines showing the relationship between the number of rotations of the opening roller and each element of yarn quality, respectively. Figure, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 1
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of needle heads and each thread quality element. 1... Combing roller, 2... Pin, A ₁ ~
_A4 ; _B1 to _B5 ; _C1 to _C4 ; _D1 , _D2 ; _E1 , _E2 ; _F1 ,
F ₂ , G...Spiral wire.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fiber opening roller for an open-end spinning machine, in which a pin is implanted on the cylindrical outer circumferential surface of a roller body, the pin extending in the width direction over the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface. The pins are arranged in a staggered manner on two spiral lines set at a predetermined interval, and the pins are arranged in a rotational direction of the roller body with respect to the outer peripheral surface.
The pin is tilted forward at a certain inclination angle within the range of 65° to 85°, and the height of the tip of the pin from the outer peripheral surface is set to a certain value within the range of 2 to 3 mm. Opening roller. 2. The opening roller according to claim 1, which is set to be driven at a rotation speed in the range of 6000 to 8000 rpm during normal operation.