JPH0466689A - Detergent for degreasing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a detergent for degreasing having satisfactory degreasing performance, ensuring a fine finish and causing no environmental pollution by using a nonionic surfactant and dicarboxylic ester represented by a specified formula as essential components. CONSTITUTION:A detergent for degreasing contg. a nonionic surfactant and one or more kinds of dicarboxylic esters represented by a general formula R1-OOC-R2-COO-R3 (where each of R1 and R3 is 1-10C alkyl and R2 is 1-3C alkyl) as essential components is prepd. The pref. concn. of the nonionic surfac tant is about 1-30 wt.% and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether may be used. The pref. concn. of the dicarboxylic esters is about 50-99 wt.% and diethyl oxalate and/or diethyl malonate may be used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a composition for degreasing and cleaning materials to which oil-soluble oil has adhered during manufacturing and processing processes, such as mechanical parts.

[Conventional technology]

Traditionally, in metal parts processing industries such as machinery and automobile industries,
In the manufacturing process, various oils such as cutting oil, processing oil,
Many hydrocarbon oils such as press oil and grease are used, and since these adhere to various parts (objects to be washed), they are washed and removed as appropriate. Freon 1 has traditionally been used as a solvent to wash and remove these oils and greases.
13 or chlorinated solvents such as methyl chloroform and trichlorethylene have been used. These solvents have a high ability to dissolve oil and grease and are nonflammable, so they are used in a wide range of industrial fields, such as for degreasing and cleaning metals, developing dry films for printed circuit boards, and the like.

[Problem that the invention is trying to solve]

However, as society's awareness of environmental issues increases, there is a movement to regulate the discharge of environmentally destructive substances into the atmosphere and water systems. For example, fluorocarbon solvents (5 types of specified fluorocarbons +
CFCII, CFCl2, CFCII3, CFC
II4, CFCII5) and methyl chloroform as ozone layer depleting substances, and trichlorethylene as a groundwater pollutant, their use is being restricted.

Under such circumstances, industries that use chlorinated solvents such as Freon 113, methyl chloroform, and trichloroethylene are in urgent need of degreasing detergents that can replace these solvents.

[Means to solve problems]

The present inventors have discovered that Freon 113 used in degreasing detergents
Alternatively, as a result of extensive research into cleaning agents that can replace chlorinated solvents such as methylchloroform and trichlorethylene, nonionic surfactants and general formula (I) R1-OOC-R2-C
OO-R3(I) (wherein, R1 and R3 have 1 to 1 carbon atoms
0 alkyl group, and R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. We discovered that it is a cleaning agent that exhibits high degreasing performance and finish quality comparable to chlorinated solvents such as chloroform and trichlorethylene.
Based on this knowledge, the present invention was accomplished.

That is, the present invention provides (1) a nonionic surfactant, and (2) a general formula (I) R, -OOC-R2-Coo-R3 (I) (wherein R
1, R3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. It is a cleaning agent for use.

The concentration of the nonionic surfactant used in the present invention is 1 to 3.
It is preferable that the amount is in the range of 0% by weight.

Examples of nonionic surfactants used in the present invention include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, and polyoxyethylene oleyl ether; polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl Ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether such as polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether; polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxysorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, etc. polyoxyethylene derivatives; examples include sorbitan fatty acid esters and glycerin fatty acid esters. Each of these can be used alone, but
Preferably, a combination of two or more types is used. More preferably, a combination containing one or more polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester is used. The number of moles of the ethylene oxide moiety added in the polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant is preferably 3 to 40, more preferably 10 to 20.
It is.

The concentration of dicarboxylic acid ester used in the present invention is 50 to
It is preferably in the range of 99% by weight.

Examples of dicarboxylic acid esters used in the present invention include diethyl oxalate, dibutyl oxalate, dipentyl oxalate, diethyl malonate, dimethyl maleate,
Examples include diethyl maleate and dibutyl maleate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The combination of essential components in the present invention can be arbitrarily changed depending on the material and form of the object to be washed, the type of dirt, etc. If any one of the essential components is missing, the finish will deteriorate due to poor degreasing performance or water rinsing performance.

Furthermore, only by combining two types of essential ingredients can we obtain a practical cleaning agent that is safe for the environment, poses no problems in terms of occupational hygiene, and is comparable in degreasing ability to conventional fluorocarbon and chlorine systems. . Furthermore, various stabilizers and additives can be added to the composition of the present invention in order to maintain the stability of the liquid, improve the stability against the objects to be washed, or improve the dissolving power. Examples of stabilizers and additives include hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, acetals, ketones, fatty acids, nitroalkanes, amines, amides, glycols, aminoethanols, benzotriazoles, etc. can be mentioned.

Furthermore, it is also possible to add an anionic surfactant or a cationic surfactant to the composition of the present invention, if necessary.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained using Examples and Comparative Examples. The cleaning methods in Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.

Cleaning method in one embodiment (Fig. 1) - Ultrasonic cleaning machine [manufactured by Yamato Kagaku ■, product name: BRANSONIC220] containing the composition of the present invention, 2 tanks (first tank, second tank) and water rinsing Two tanks (a third tank and a fourth tank) were prepared, and the temperature of the cleaning tank was set to 40°C. In addition, the temperature of the water rinsing tank was set to room temperature.

■ Apply various oils (press oil (manufactured by Nippon Oil ■, product name: Unipres ER-500), drawing oil (manufactured by Idemitsu Oil ■, product name: Daphne Master Draw) to the items to be washed (50 mm x 50 mm square SO3 plate). 522WD)) 0.1
A sample was prepared in which 0 g was uniformly applied.

■ The items to be washed were immersed in the first tank for 1 minute and then in the second tank for 1 minute to perform ultrasonic cleaning.

(2) Next, the items to be washed were sequentially immersed in the third tank and the fourth tank for 1 minute each, and the items to be washed were lightly shaken for water rinsing.

■Finally, the items to be washed were dried in a dryer set at 110°C (drying time: 3 minutes).

■ The weight of the items to be washed was measured, the amount of residual oil was measured, and the cleanliness of the appearance was visually judged.

- Cleaning method in comparative example (Figure 2) - (When using volatile solvent) ■ Three hard glass washers with a capacity of 1000 and equipped with cooling pipes (first tank, second tank, third tank) ), put 301W of comparative solvent in each type, set the first tank to a boiling tank (temperature at the boiling point of the comparative solvent), the second tank to a cold bath (room temperature), and the third tank to a steam tank (temperature at the boiling point of the comparative solvent). temperature).

(2) Each of the items to be cleaned was immersed in order for 1 minute (however, in the third tank, the items to be cleaned were simply placed in the steam layer).

■ The weight of the items to be washed was measured, the amount of residual oil was measured, and the cleanliness of the appearance was visually judged.

In addition, when using a high-boiling solvent in the comparative example, the "cleaning method in the example" was followed.

Examples 1-8 A cleaning experiment was conducted on the compositions shown in Table 1.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative examples 1 to 3 Cleaning experiments were conducted using the solvents shown in Table 2.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative examples 4 to 8 Cleaning experiments were conducted using the solvents listed in Table 3.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Margins below [Effects of the Invention] The degreasing detergent of the present invention has degreasing performance and finish quality comparable to conventional fluorocarbon-based and chlorinated solvents, and furthermore, does not destroy ozone and is biodegradable. Because of its high bioactivity, even if it is mixed into wastewater, it can be easily decomposed by ordinary microbial treatment. Therefore, there is no need to worry about contaminating the aquatic environment due to wastewater. Also,
It is a very safe cleaning solvent due to its low toxicity and high flash point.

Therefore, the degreasing detergent of the present invention is practically an excellent degreasing detergent that can replace conventional fluorocarbon-based and chlorine-based solvents.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method of cleaning an object to be washed using a cleaning agent of an example, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method of cleaning an object to be washed using a volatile solvent of a comparative example. Patent applicant: Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. (1) Nonionic surfactant, and (2) General formula (I) R_1-OOC-R_2-COO-R_3 (I) (wherein, R_1 and R_3 are alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R
A degreasing detergent characterized by containing as an essential component one or more dicarboxylic acid esters represented by (_2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms).