JPH0465690B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a pyrotechnic device for generating shock waves, and more specifically, a pyrotechnic device for generating shock waves in water to crush stones formed in the kidneys or urinary tract. This invention relates to an improved shock wave generating pyrotechnic device for use in the field.

[Prior Art and Problems] In recent years, an extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy method has been developed that cures stones without cutting them, for which open surgery was the only treatment method.

According to a conventional stone crushing device for crushing kidney stones, urinary tract stones, etc., stones are crushed in the following manner. That is, the stone crushing device is equipped with a shock wave generating device and an X-ray photographing device or an X-ray imaging device for seeing through the patient's affected area in a water tank that is large enough to submerge the patient's body and filled with water. . The shock wave generator includes a semi-elliptical reflecting mirror and an electrode provided with an explosive that is disposed at a first focus of the semi-ellipse and ignites when energized.

In such a lithotripter, the anesthetized patient's body is first submerged in a water tank. In order to confirm and monitor the exact location of the affected area, the affected area is displayed on a monitor screen using an X-ray photographing or imaging device. Thereby, the patient's body is fixed so that the affected area is accurately located at the second focal point of the ellipse. Next, in a shock wave generator, the explosive placed at the first focus of the ellipse is instantaneously (1 μsec)
When detonated, the high heat accompanying the explosion causes explosive vaporization of water, creating a shock wave. This shock wave propagates through the water, is reflected by an elliptical reflector, and is focused at the second focal point of the ellipse, where the energy density becomes maximum.

Approximately 70% of the human body's skin and muscles are composed of water, so the energy of shock waves generated in water is transmitted within the body with almost no change. Furthermore, a shock wave has a characteristic of emitting energy when passing through an interface between materials having different acoustic impedances.

Stones are usually formed of calcium-containing materials, so when a shock wave hits a stone, the energy of the shock wave is released and causes the stone to fragment.

Since a single shock wave does not break up a stone, in reality, 50 to 500 shock waves are administered to the affected area.
Furthermore, the interval at which the shock waves are generated is matched to the patient's breathing.

The broken stone pieces are naturally expelled from the body, allowing the affected area to heal.

However, since the explosives used in conventional lithotripters are detonated by passing electricity through, for example, a metal wire, which is passed through the explosives in water, there is a risk that the patient may receive an electric shock when the electricity is applied. In addition, since 50 to 500 explosions are required, it is unavoidable to load explosives into the first focal point of the shock wave generator for each explosion, and since it takes time to load the explosives, it takes a long time to crush the stone. .

This invention has been made based on the above circumstances.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a pyrotechnic device for generating shock waves that generates shock waves by exploding explosives, which has a simple structure and can quickly and continuously detonate the explosives to shorten the time required to crush stones. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pyrotechnic product for generating shock waves.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention for solving the problems described above provides a shock wave generating pyrotechnic device that generates shock waves at the focal point of a spheroid. A portion of the string that can be stretched is guided into each of a plurality of waterproof containers, and an explosive and a primer that can be ignited by friction are stored in the waterproof containers, and the primer and the string are A shock wave generating body that is in contact with the body, and a container support that is placed at the focal point of the spheroid and that fixes the waterproof container against the tension of the string, Shock wave generation characterized in that when pulled, friction occurs between the primer in the waterproof container and a part of the string, and the friction ignites the primer and causes the explosive to explode. It is a pyrotechnic product.

More specifically, the shock wave generating pyrotechnic device according to the present invention includes a plurality of shock wave generators and a container support.

The container support consists of a first spheroid placed in a water tank filled with enough water to submerge the patient's body.
Place it in the focal point. In order to support the shock wave generator at the first focal position, this container support includes a receiving part that supports the shock wave generator, and a string guide part that guides the string that connects the plurality of shock wave generators. .

Each of the plurality of shock wave generators has a waterproof container and an explosive and a detonator filled in the waterproof container, and are interconnected by drawing a portion of the string into the waterproof container. At the same time, it has a structure that allows a portion of the string pulled into the waterproof container to come into contact with the detonator. and,
By pulling the string, each shock wave generating body is guided to the container support in sequence, and when the string is further pulled against the shock wave generating body supported by the container support, the detonator is activated inside the waterproof container. The explosive is ignited by friction between a part of the string and the explosive, causing the explosive to explode.

The string can be made of a material that is heat resistant and flexible, and can be made of, for example, a thin metal wire.

Since this shock wave generator only needs to generate shock waves while being supported by the container support, the shape of the waterproof container is not particularly limited, and various shapes such as spherical, cylindrical, cubic, etc. can be adopted. be able to. However, it is preferable to use a spherical container. This is because if the waterproof container is spherical, when the shock wave generator is supported by the container support, there is no directionality in the support state, and the support can be conveniently performed.

In addition, the waterproofness of the waterproof container may be achieved by any means as long as it can ensure the ignition of the detonator and the explosive in water. For example, the container may be made of a synthetic resin capsule, or it may be made of collodion or This can be achieved by applying a waterproof material or waterproof paint.

Any explosive can be used as long as it can cause a powerful explosion underwater and generate a shock wave.
For example, lead azide, DDNP, thunderbolt, etc. can be used.

The amount of explosive to be filled into the waterproof container cannot be determined uniformly depending on the amount of shock wave energy to be generated, but it is usually 3 to 20 mg, preferably 8 to 12 mg.

As the explosive, for example, a mixture of potassium chlorate and red phosphorus, a mixture of potassium chlorate and antimony trisulfide, red phosphorus, lead azide, copper azide, or a mixture thereof is used. be able to.

The amount of the detonator in the waterproof container should be sufficient to cause the explosive to ignite due to friction with the string and explode due to the ignition of the detonator; in fact, it is determined experimentally as appropriate. ing.

Contact between this detonator and a portion of the string inside the waterproof container can be achieved, for example, by applying the detonator to a portion of the string drawn into the waterproof container, or by placing a portion of the string within a hardened detonator. This can be achieved by, for example, inserting the

The shock wave generating pyrotechnic device having the structure described above can crush stones by the following actions.

The first shock wave generator is moved to the container support by pulling, for example, an end of a string connecting the plurality of shock wave generators, and the shock wave generator is supported on the container support. Furthermore, when the string is pulled, since the shock wave generator is locked to the container support, only the part of the string that has been drawn into the waterproof container is further pulled, causing the string to The friction that occurs between the primer and the primer ignites the primer, causing the explosive to explode.

A shock wave is generated by the rapid vaporization of water when an explosive explodes.

The container itself is placed at the first focus of the spheroid, and the position of the patient's body and the spheroid are adjusted so that the patient's affected area is located at the second focus of the spheroid. The shock waves generated at the first focal point are once reflected on the spheroid and then converged at the second focal point, applying impact energy to the stone in the affected area.

The explosion of the explosive destroys the waterproof container, so that the receptacle of the container support becomes empty.

When the string is further pulled, the second shock wave generator moves and fits into the receiving part of the empty container support. Then, as in the case of the first shock wave generator, when the string is further pulled, the friction generated between the string and the detonator causes the detonator to ignite and explode, resulting in the second explosion. A shock wave is generated, and a second impact energy is applied to the stone in the affected area.

By repeating this process, the tension of the string causes shock waves to be generated one after another, applying impact energy to the stone.

The intervals at which shock waves are generated, in other words, the intervals at which explosives are detonated, should be matched to breathing, and for this purpose, the pulling speed of the string, etc. may be appropriately determined.

[Examples] Next, examples of the present invention will be shown to illustrate the present invention more specifically.

1 and 2 are sectional views showing a first embodiment of the invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shock wave generating pyrotechnic device includes a plurality of shock wave generators 2 and a container support 3 connected to a string 1. As shown in FIGS.

As shown in the figure, one string 1, for example, a thin metal wire, passes through the shock wave generators 2 at predetermined intervals, thereby connecting the plurality of shock wave generators 2.

This shock wave generator 2 has a waterproof coating formed by applying collodion or the like to the outer periphery of an explosive 4 such as lead azide solidified into a spherical shape.
A waterproof container 5 is formed with this waterproof coating. Further, an initiator 6, for example, a mixture of potassium chlorate and red phosphorus, is embedded in the explosive 4, and the string 1 is inserted through the initiator 6.

The container support 3 is placed at a first focal point of a spheroid placed at an appropriate position in a water tank having a size sufficient to submerge the patient's body. As shown in FIG. 2, this container support 3 includes a hollow support 7 and a hemispherical receiving portion 8 provided at its tip. The inside of the hollow support 7 is
The support 7 is structured as a string guide section 9 and is opened at the bottom surface of the receiving section 8.
A string 1 connecting a plurality of shock wave generators 2 is inserted from this receiving portion 8 to a string guide portion 9. The tip of the inserted string 1 is connected to an appropriate tensioning means, and by regularly pulling the string 1, the shock wave generator 2 connected to the string 1 is pulled into the receiving part. 8.

In this embodiment device, by pulling the string 1, the first shock wave generator 2 is guided to the container support 3, and the first shock wave generator 2 is fitted into the receiving part 8. . The first shock wave generator 2 at the receiving part 8
If you pull string 1 further while it is locked,
As the string 1 moves, there is friction between the primer 6 and the string 1, and as a result, the primer 6 is ignited. At the same time, explosive 4 also ignites and explodes, emitting light and heat. This causes the water to evaporate rapidly, creating a shock wave.

The shock waves generated at the first focal point propagate through the water in the same way as in the conventional method, and are focused at the second focal point, imparting impact energy to the stone located at this position.

Due to the explosion of the first shock wave generating body 2, the receiving part 8 becomes empty, so when the string 1 is further pulled, the second shock wave generating body 2 is guided to the receiving part 8 next. As a result, the second shock wave generator 2 is locked to the receiving portion 8. When the string 1 is pulled with the second shock wave generating body 2 locked in the receiving part 8, the first
Shock waves are generated in the same manner as in the case of the shock wave generator 2 .

Thereafter, by pulling the string 1, the shock wave generators 2 are successively detonated one after the other, and shock waves can be continuously generated.

Next, another embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the invention.

The difference between this second embodiment and the first embodiment is that a plurality of shock wave generators 2 are connected by strings 1.

That is, in this embodiment, the string 1 has branch lines 10 at predetermined intervals, and each branch line 10 of the string 1 has branch lines 10 at predetermined intervals.
The tip of the shock wave generator 2 is connected to the shock wave generator 2 . The tip of this branch line 10 penetrates the waterproof container 5 and the detonator 6 and reaches the shock wave generator 2 until it reaches the inside of the explosive 4.
It is embedded in.

Even in this second embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be achieved.

[Effects] According to the present invention, no electrical means is used to generate shock waves underwater, so there is no risk of electric shock to the patient, and the safety of the patient can be ensured.

Since the shock wave generator in this invention is formed using explosives, the shock wave generating pyrotechnic itself can be easily manufactured.

Shock wave generators are connected by strings, and shock waves can be generated one after the other by pulling the strings.
Therefore, shock waves can be generated quickly, continuously, and easily while relying on explosives to generate shock waves. Therefore, the time for stone fragmentation can be shortened, and the burden on the operator and patient can be reduced accordingly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are sectional views showing a first embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... String, 2... Shock wave generator, 3... Container support, 4... Explosive, 5... Waterproof container, 6...
Explosive charge.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a shock wave generating pyrotechnic device that generates shock waves at the focal point of a spheroid, a portion of the string that is stretched so as to pass through the focal point of the spheroid is attached to each of a plurality of waterproof containers. A shock wave generating body is formed by guiding the explosive into the waterproof container, storing an explosive and a primer that can be ignited by friction, and contacting the primer with a part of the string, and the spheroid. a container support which is positioned at the focal point of the container and which secures the waterproof container against the tension of the string, and when the string is pulled,
A shock wave generating pyrotechnic product characterized in that friction occurs between the primer and a part of the string in the waterproof container, the friction ignites the primer, and the explosive explodes. 2. Shock wave generation according to claim 1 of the above patent, in which the string has a plurality of branch lines in the middle thereof, and the tip of each branch line is drawn into a waterproof container and comes into contact with the detonator. Pyrotechnics. 3. The shock wave generating fire according to claim 2, wherein the explosive is applied to the tip of each branch wire drawn into the waterproof container, thereby enabling contact between the explosive and the string. Artwork. 4. The shock wave generating pyrotechnic device according to claim 1, wherein the string has no branch wires and passes through a plurality of waterproof containers. 5. The shock wave generating pyrotechnic product according to claim 4, wherein the explosive is applied to a plurality of locations in the intermediate portion of the string, thereby allowing contact between the explosive and the string. 6. The shock wave generating pyrotechnic product according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the explosive is an explosive such as lead azide or DDNP. 7. The above-mentioned patent claim, wherein the explosive is any one of a mixture of potassium chlorate and red phosphorus, a mixture of potassium chlorate and antimony trisulfide, red phosphorus, lead azide, and copper azide, or a mixture thereof. A pyrotechnic device for generating shock waves according to any one of items 1 to 6.