RU2323406C2 - Explosive device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for initiation of detonation in low-sensitive explosives.

SUBSTANCE: the device has the main charge and an additional explosive charge contacting with it, inert insert and an actuating assembly of the additional charge aligned with the additional charge and the inert insert. The inert insert is positioned in the body of the additional charge made of a more sensitive explosive as compared with the main charge and contacting with its end surface with the main charge, the minimum diameter of the inert insert d_ins and the thickness of the additional charge layer h_exp located coaxially under the inert insert are selected proceeding from the following condition: d_ins=(0.5...0.7)d_cr, h_exp=(0.6...1)d_ins, where d_cr - the critical diameter of detonation of the main charge explosive.

EFFECT: reliable initiation of the device, simplified construction and reduced overall dimensions of the device.

3 cl, 2 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to explosive technology - to the field of formation of blast waves - and can be used to create explosive devices that initiate detonation in explosives (EXPLOSIVES), with reduced detonation ability (low sensitivity explosives).

Known explosive device for generating a blast wave in low-sensitivity explosives (US Pat. RU 2107254, IPC: F42D 1/04, publ. 03.20.98), including the main charge from a low-sensitivity explosives, an additional charge from a more sensitive explosives, the diameter of which exceeds the critical the diameter of the detonation of the main charge, and the height is not less than its diameter and the node for activating the additional charge, made in the form of a winding of a detonation cord of two branches around the additional charge. The detonating impulse along both branches passes to the turns and propagates from coil to coil across their stacking and simultaneously along the turns in both directions. Collision of counterpropagating waves occurs in each turn, the pressure at the collision sites sharply, increases several times and exceeds the critical initiation pressure, which leads to the appearance of detonation in the additional charge, then the main charge is initiated.

The disadvantages of this device are the low mechanical strength, which can lead to kinks and bends of the detonating cord during transportation, as well as increased requirements for the quality of the winding, as The necessary conditions for the transfer of a detonation pulse are ensured with tightly laid turns.

Another explosive device is known (US Pat. RU 2243486, IPC: F42B 1/024, published on 12/27/04), selected as a prototype for the largest number of similar features, including the main charge of a low-sensitivity explosive, additional contact with it on the side surface a charge from a more sensitive explosive, the end of which is flush with the end of the main charge, an inert insert adjacent to the additional charge and separating it from the main charge, and an additional charge engaging unit placed coaxially with the additional charge house and inertial insertion, EB represents the channel with the igniter and the amplifier in the form of pulse detonation of bombs highly sensitive explosives.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the increased technological requirements in the manufacture, the complexity of ensuring tight contact between the additional and the main explosive charges, which can lead to unreliable initiation of detonation in the main charge, as well as the inability to achieve small dimensions with such a design.

The challenge in this technical field is the organization of reliable initiation of charges from low-sensitivity explosives.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability of initiating the main explosive charge, simplifying the device and reducing the size.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that, in contrast to the known explosive device, comprising a main charge from a low-sensitivity explosive, an additional charge from a more sensitive explosive contacting with it at least on one of the surfaces, an inert insert and an additional charge engaging unit placed coaxially inert insert and an additional charge, the inert insert is placed in the body of the additional charge, which is in contact with the main on the end surface, while the thickness of the layer In the additional charge h _BB located along the axis under the inert insert, is selected from the following conditions:

_BB h = (0.6 ... 1) · d _adt. ,

where d _ct is the diameter of the inert insert.

To reduce the dimensions of the device, the insert diameter d _st can be selected from the following conditions:

d _vst = (0.5 ... 0.7) d _cr

where d _cr - the critical diameter of the detonation of the explosive of the main charge.

The additional charge can be placed on the surface of the main charge, partially recessed or in the body of the main charge. Moreover, depending on the placement of the additional charge, its end can be flush with the end of the main charge, and can be performed protruding above the end of the main charge.

Placing an inert insert in the body of the additional charge allows you to separate the original wave coming from the initiation node to implement the principle of wave collision (Mach interaction) in the additional charge under the inert insert. In the collision of detonation waves, a new wave (Mach wave) is formed with a pressure at the front exceeding the pressure of the initial waves by 1.5-3 times, depending on the angle of their meeting. Such parameters of the Makhov wave, in contrast to the parameters of the diverging wave in the additional charge of the prototype, provide more reliable initiation of a low-sensitivity explosive main charge, and this principle of using the main charge reduces the requirements for the node for using an additional charge, which simplifies the design and optimizes the dimensions of the explosive device.

Contacting the additional charge with the main charge on the end surface allows improving the conditions for the transfer of detonation from the additional charge to the main one, which increases the reliability of its initiation, reduces the dimensions of the device, and ensures the simplicity of the design.

The thickness of the explosive layer located along the axis of the device under an inert insert is selected from the condition of organizing a new wave in an additional charge with minimal dimensions and simplicity of design.

The conditions for choosing the diameter of the inert insert provide the minimum dimensions of the device while maintaining the reliability of the initiation of the main charge.

Performing an additional charge protruding above the end of the main charge can improve the manufacturability of the device while maintaining the reliability of the initiation of the main charge.

Figure 1 presents a General diagram of the inventive device;

figure 2 is a diagram of the propagation and interaction of detonation waves in an additional charge, where:

1 - the main charge;

2 - additional charge;

3 - inert insert;

4 - node activating an additional charge;

5 - detonation waves;

6 - Mach wave.

An example of a specific implementation of the inventive device can serve as an explosive device comprising a main charge of molten TNT, with a diameter of 120 mm and a thickness of 7 mm, a critical diameter of 13 mm. The additional charge is made of a plastic explosive based on a heating element and hexogen, with a diameter of 13 mm. An inert foam insert is placed in the body of the additional charge and is made with a diameter of 7 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. An inert insert of the chosen thickness prevents premature detonation in the additional charge layer. The thickness of the explosive layer of the additional charge, located along the axis under the inert insert, is 4 mm. An additional charge is placed on the surface of the main one and is in contact with it at the end. The node for activating the additional charge is an electric detonator mounted coaxially to the additional charge and inert insert.

The explosive device operates as follows. When the electric detonator 4 is detonated, an additional charge 2 is initiated along the device axis. Detonation approaches the inert insert 3 and bends around it, which leads to the formation of detonation waves 5, which propagate deep into the additional charge 2, interacting along the device axis. As a result of their interaction, a Mach 6 wave is realized with increased pressure at the front. The parameters of the Mach wave provide reliable initiation of the main charge 1 from a low-sensitivity explosive, in this case, a checker made of molten TNT.

Under the same experimental conditions, but without an inert insert, the cast TNT block does not detonate.

Claims (3)

1. An explosive device comprising a main charge of a low-sensitivity explosive, an additional charge in contact with it of a more sensitive explosive, an inert insert and an additional charge activation unit, placed coaxially with the additional charge and inert insert, characterized in that the inert insert is placed in the body of the additional charge, while the additional charge is in contact with the main one at the end surface, and the thickness of the explosive layer of the additional charge h _cb , positioned along the axis of the device under an inert insert, is selected from the following conditions: h _cb = (0.6 ... 1) d _vst , where d _ct is the diameter of the inert insert. 2. An explosive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the inert insert d _ct is selected from the following conditions: d _vst = (0.5 ... 0.7) d _cr where d _cr - the critical diameter of the detonation of the explosive of the main charge. 3. The explosive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional charge is made protruding above the end face of the main charge.

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