JPH0460496B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0460496B2
JPH0460496B2 JP59266710A JP26671084A JPH0460496B2 JP H0460496 B2 JPH0460496 B2 JP H0460496B2 JP 59266710 A JP59266710 A JP 59266710A JP 26671084 A JP26671084 A JP 26671084A JP H0460496 B2 JPH0460496 B2 JP H0460496B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ptfe
liquid lubricant
porous
stretching
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP59266710A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61144333A (en
Inventor
Naoki Shimizu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nok Corp
Original Assignee
Nok Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nok Corp filed Critical Nok Corp
Priority to JP26671084A priority Critical patent/JPS61144333A/en
Publication of JPS61144333A publication Critical patent/JPS61144333A/en
Publication of JPH0460496B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0460496B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン多孔質
体の製造法に関する。更に詳しくは、液体潤滑剤
を含有するポリテトラフルオロエチレンを、剪断
条件下で成形し、液体潤滑剤を除去した後、延伸
状態を保持したまま加熱焼成する、それの多孔質
体の製造法に係る。 〔従来の技術〕 ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)は、耐
熱性、耐薬品性および電気絶縁性などの点ですぐ
れており、また自己潤滑性をも有している。その
ため、PTFEの多孔質体は工業用フイルター、電
池用隔膜などの用途に使用されており、その製造
法についても多くの提案がなされている。例え
ば、 (1) PTFEに、抽出や溶解によつて除去される物
質を混和して加圧成形した後、これらの物質を
除去する方法(特公昭35−13045号公報) (2) 繊維状化したPTFEを用い、これに不織布、
フエルトなどの製造法に準じる方法を適用する
方法(特公昭40−11642号公報) (3) PTFEのフアインパウダーに液体潤滑剤を添
加し、これを押出し、圧延などの剪断が加わる
成形条件下で成形した後液体潤滑剤を除去し、
次いで延伸した後加熱する方法(特公昭42−
13560号公報、同56−17216号公報および同57−
30057号公報) (4) PTFEの未焼成成形体を、これを濡らし得る
液体、例えばハロゲン化炭化水素、石油系炭化
水素、アルコール、ケトンなどの中で延伸させ
た後、加熱する方法 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 PTFEの多孔質体は、前記の如く工業用フイル
ターななどの用途に用いられているが、この場合
その孔径はロ過さるべき分離物質の大きさによつ
て決定されなければならない。即ち、このような
観点から、孔径を制御することはきわめて重要で
ある。ところで、延伸による多孔質化では、従来
は延伸倍率によつて孔径を制御していたが不安定
要因が多く、本発明者はこうした問題点の解決法
を求めて種々検討の結果、延伸に先立つて予備加
熱することにより、かかる課題が効果的に解決さ
れることを見出出した。 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕および〔作用〕 従つて、本発明はポリテトラフルオロエチレン
多孔質体の製造法に係り、このポリテトラフルオ
ロエチレン多孔質体の製造法では、液体潤滑剤を
含有するポリテトラフルオロエチレンを剪断条件
下の成形方法で成形した後、前記液体潤滑剤を除
去し、次いで延伸状態を保持したまま約300〜400
℃の温度で加熱焼成する多孔質体の製造法におい
て、延伸に先立つて液体潤滑剤除去成形物を約
250〜320℃の温度で予備加熱することが行われ
る。 液体潤滑剤を含有するPTFEを剪断条件下の成
形方法で成形した後、前記液体潤滑剤を除去し、
次いで延伸状態を保持したまま約300〜400℃の温
度で加熱焼成して多孔質体を製造することは、従
来法にならつて行われる。 PTFEとしては、一般に約0.1〜0.6μm、好まし
くは約0.2〜0.5μm程度の粒径を有するフアインパ
ウダーが用いられ、これの100重量部当り約10〜
40重量部、好ましくは約20重量部程度の液体潤滑
剤が添加され、ボールミルなどを用いて混合した
後、剪断条件下の成形方法、例えば押出しまたは
圧延などによつて、丸棒状、シート状、チユーブ
状、ロツト状などに成形される。 液体潤滑剤としては、PTFEとの相溶性はない
が濡れ性のあるもの、例えば流動パラフイン、ナ
フサ、ホワイトオイルなどの炭化水素油、トルエ
ン、キシレンなどの芳香族炭化水素類、アルコー
ル類、ケトン類、エステル類、シリコーン油、フ
ルオロクロルカーボン油などが用いられる。 これらの液体潤滑剤を混和させた成形物は、こ
れを液体潤滑剤の沸点以上の温度において液体潤
滑剤を乾燥、除去した後、約250〜320℃の温度で
約1〜30分間の予備加熱を行なう。これ以下の条
件下で予備加熱すると、本発明で期待するPTFE
粒子間の結合効果がみられず、逆にこれ以上の条
件下では、PTFE粒子の形を残さない迄過度に結
合が進行する。 このようにして予備加熱された成形物は、約20
〜100℃の温度および毎秒数%乃至数100%の延伸
速度条件下で、求められるフイブリルの方向性に
よつて、約50〜500%程度一軸または二軸延伸さ
せ、その延伸状態を保持したまま、約300〜400
℃、一般には約340℃の温度で約1〜30分間、一
般には数分間程度加熱焼成する。 こうした一連の工程において、剪断力が加わる
条件下でPTFE粒子を成形すると、PTFE粒子が
部分的に結合し、その後行われる延伸時にこの結
合部分より引張りの変形が生ずる。延伸時には、
PTFE粒子の全部が変形するのではなく、部分的
に変形せずに残る粒子もあり、焼成後には変形し
た部分はフイブリル部に、また変形しなかつた部
分は連結部となる。 かかる操作中に予備加熱工程を挿入すると、
PTFE粒子間の結合が強固になる部分と弱くなる
部分とが生じ、延伸時にこの弱くなつた結合部か
ら変形が起り、逆に粒子間の結合が強固になつた
部分は変形せず、全体として予備加熱を施さない
場合と比較して、変形の始まる場所が少なくな
る。その結果、変形を起した個所の変形量は多く
なり、形成されたフイブリルの長さは長くなる。 〔発明の効果〕 液体潤滑剤を含有するポリテトラフルオロエチ
レンを、剪断条件下で成形し、液体潤滑剤を除去
した後、延伸状態を保持したまま加熱焼成して多
孔質体を製造する方法において、延伸する以前に
予備加熱工程を設けることにより、フイブリルの
長さおよび多孔度の大きい、換言すれば粒径の制
御可能な多孔質体を得ることができ、この多孔質
体は弾性率も高くなる。 このような構造上の特徴を有する本発明の
PTFE多孔質体は、かかる特徴を活用して工業用
フイルターなどの用途に有効に用いることができ
る。 〔実施例〕 次に、実施例について本発明を説明する。 実施例 PTFE粉末(デユポン社製品テフロンJ−6)
100gにソルベントナフサ20gを加え、ボールミ
ルで混和する。この物を、押出機を用い、150℃、
18000Kg/cm3の条件下で押出し、直径5mmの丸棒
状に成形した。押出された棒状物は、120℃の雰
囲気中に5分間放置し、ソルベントナフサを除去
した後、300℃の雰囲気中に10分間保持し、予備
加熱を行なつた。その後、室温下で毎秒5.6%の
延伸速度で200%一軸延伸し、延伸状態を保持し
たまま、350℃で10分間の焼成を行なつた。 得られたPTFE多孔質体は、電子顕微鏡の断面
写真によると、縦縞状の連結部間に長い長さを有
するフイブリル部が横縞状に形成されている。ま
た、この電子顕微鏡写真からフイブリルの平均長
さおよび平均直径を測定すると共に、次式に従つ
て多孔度および連結部面積率を算出した。 多孔度=(1−多孔質体の密度/PTFEの密度)×100
(%) 連結部面積率=連結部面積/全断面積×100(%) 比較例 実施例において、予備加熱が行われなかつた。
そして、実施例と同様の電子顕微鏡写真の撮影お
よび測定が行われた。 以上の実施例および比較例での測定結果は、次
の表に示される。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method for producing a porous polytetrafluoroethylene material. More specifically, it describes a method for producing a porous body of polytetrafluoroethylene containing a liquid lubricant, which is formed under shear conditions, and after removing the liquid lubricant, is heated and fired while maintaining the stretched state. Related. [Prior Art] Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, electrical insulation, etc., and also has self-lubricating properties. Therefore, PTFE porous bodies are used for industrial filters, battery diaphragms, and other applications, and many proposals have been made regarding their production methods. For example, (1) A method in which PTFE is mixed with substances that can be removed by extraction or dissolution, pressure molded, and then these substances are removed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-13045) (2) Fibrous formation using PTFE, which is coated with non-woven fabric,
A method of applying a method similar to the manufacturing method of felt, etc. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 11642/1973) (3) Adding a liquid lubricant to PTFE fine powder, extruding it, and forming conditions that apply shear such as rolling. After molding, remove the liquid lubricant,
Next, a method of stretching and then heating
Publication No. 13560, Publication No. 56-17216 and Publication No. 57-
30057 Publication) (4) A method in which a green PTFE compact is stretched in a liquid that can wet it, such as halogenated hydrocarbons, petroleum hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, etc., and then heated. Problems to be Solved] As mentioned above, porous PTFE materials are used in industrial filters and other applications, but in this case, the pore size is determined by the size of the separated substance to be filtered. There must be. That is, from this point of view, controlling the pore diameter is extremely important. By the way, in creating porosity through stretching, the pore diameter has conventionally been controlled by the stretching ratio, but there are many unstable factors.As a result of various studies in search of a solution to these problems, the inventor of the present invention discovered that It has been found that this problem can be effectively solved by preheating the material. [Means for Solving the Problems] and [Operation] Therefore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a porous polytetrafluoroethylene material, and in this method for producing a porous polytetrafluoroethylene material, a liquid lubricant is not used. After molding the polytetrafluoroethylene containing polytetrafluoroethylene by a molding method under shear conditions, the liquid lubricant is removed, and then about 300 to 400
In a method for manufacturing porous bodies that involves heating and firing at a temperature of
Preheating is carried out at a temperature of 250-320 ° C. After molding PTFE containing a liquid lubricant by a molding method under shear conditions, removing the liquid lubricant,
Next, the porous body is produced by heating and firing at a temperature of about 300 to 400° C. while maintaining the stretched state, according to a conventional method. As PTFE, fine powder having a particle size of about 0.1 to 0.6 μm, preferably about 0.2 to 0.5 μm is used, and about 10 to 10 parts per 100 parts by weight of this fine powder is used.
About 40 parts by weight, preferably about 20 parts by weight, of a liquid lubricant is added, mixed using a ball mill, etc., and then shaped into a round bar, sheet, etc. by a molding method under shear conditions, such as extrusion or rolling. It is formed into tubes, rods, etc. Liquid lubricants include those that are not compatible with PTFE but have wettability, such as liquid paraffin, naphtha, hydrocarbon oils such as white oil, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, alcohols, and ketones. , esters, silicone oil, fluorochlorocarbon oil, etc. are used. Molded products mixed with these liquid lubricants are dried and removed at a temperature above the boiling point of the liquid lubricant, and then preheated at a temperature of about 250 to 320°C for about 1 to 30 minutes. Do this. When preheated under conditions below this, the PTFE expected in the present invention
No bonding effect between particles was observed, and on the contrary, under conditions beyond this, bonding progressed excessively until no PTFE particle shape remained. The molded product preheated in this way has approximately 20%
At a temperature of ~100°C and a stretching speed of several % to several 100% per second, the fibril is uniaxially or biaxially stretched by approximately 50 to 500%, depending on the desired orientation of the fibril, and the stretched state is maintained. , about 300-400
℃, generally about 340℃ for about 1 to 30 minutes, generally about several minutes. In this series of steps, when the PTFE particles are molded under conditions where shear force is applied, the PTFE particles are partially bonded, and during subsequent stretching, tensile deformation occurs from this bonded portion. During stretching,
Not all of the PTFE particles are deformed, but some particles remain partially undeformed, and after firing, the deformed parts become fibril parts, and the undeformed parts become connection parts. Inserting a preheating step during such operations
There are parts where the bonds between PTFE particles become stronger and parts where they become weaker, and during stretching, deformation occurs from these weakened bonds, and conversely, parts where the bonds between particles become stronger do not deform, and the overall Compared to the case without preheating, there are fewer places where deformation begins. As a result, the amount of deformation at the deformed portion increases, and the length of the formed fibril increases. [Effects of the Invention] In a method of manufacturing a porous body by molding polytetrafluoroethylene containing a liquid lubricant under shear conditions, removing the liquid lubricant, and heating and baking it while maintaining the stretched state. By providing a preheating step before stretching, it is possible to obtain a porous body with large fibril length and porosity, in other words, a porous body with controllable particle size, and this porous body also has a high elastic modulus. Become. The present invention having such structural features
PTFE porous bodies can be effectively used for applications such as industrial filters by taking advantage of these characteristics. [Example] Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to an example. Example PTFE powder (DuPont product Teflon J-6)
Add 20g of solvent naphtha to 100g and mix with a ball mill. This product was heated at 150℃ using an extruder.
It was extruded under conditions of 18000 Kg/cm 3 and formed into a round bar shape with a diameter of 5 mm. The extruded rod-shaped product was left in an atmosphere at 120°C for 5 minutes to remove the solvent naphtha, and then kept in an atmosphere at 300°C for 10 minutes to perform preheating. Thereafter, the film was uniaxially stretched to 200% at a stretching speed of 5.6% per second at room temperature, and fired at 350° C. for 10 minutes while maintaining the stretched state. According to a cross-sectional photograph taken with an electron microscope, the obtained porous PTFE body has fibril portions having long lengths formed in horizontal stripes between vertically striped connecting portions. In addition, the average length and average diameter of the fibrils were measured from this electron micrograph, and the porosity and connection area ratio were calculated according to the following formula. Porosity = (1-density of porous body/density of PTFE) x 100
(%) Connecting portion area ratio = Connecting portion area/total cross-sectional area x 100 (%) Comparative Example In the example, preheating was not performed.
Then, electron micrographs and measurements were taken in the same manner as in Examples. The measurement results for the above Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in the following table. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 液体潤滑剤を含有するポリテトラフルオロエ
チレンを剪断条件下の成形方法で成形した後、前
記液体潤滑剤を除去し、次いで延伸状態を保持し
たまま300〜400℃の温度で加熱焼成する多孔質体
の製造法において、延伸に先立つて液体潤滑剤除
去成形物を250〜320℃の温度で予備加熱すること
を特徴とするポリテトラフルオロエチレン多孔質
体の製造法。
1 Porous material that is formed by molding polytetrafluoroethylene containing a liquid lubricant by a molding method under shear conditions, removing the liquid lubricant, and then heating and baking at a temperature of 300 to 400 °C while maintaining the stretched state. A method for producing a porous polytetrafluoroethylene body, which comprises preheating a liquid lubricant-removed molded product at a temperature of 250 to 320°C prior to stretching.
JP26671084A 1984-12-18 1984-12-18 Manufacture of polytetrafluoroethylene porous material Granted JPS61144333A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP26671084A JPS61144333A (en) 1984-12-18 1984-12-18 Manufacture of polytetrafluoroethylene porous material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP26671084A JPS61144333A (en) 1984-12-18 1984-12-18 Manufacture of polytetrafluoroethylene porous material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61144333A JPS61144333A (en) 1986-07-02
JPH0460496B2 true JPH0460496B2 (en) 1992-09-28

Family

ID=17434603

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP26671084A Granted JPS61144333A (en) 1984-12-18 1984-12-18 Manufacture of polytetrafluoroethylene porous material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61144333A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112109338A (en) * 2019-06-19 2020-12-22 浙江德清科赛塑料制品有限公司 PTFE sintering process

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS587334A (en) * 1981-07-04 1983-01-17 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Preparation of stringy porous product
JPS58145735A (en) * 1982-02-22 1983-08-30 Daikin Ind Ltd Production of porous polytetrafluoroethylene article

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS587334A (en) * 1981-07-04 1983-01-17 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Preparation of stringy porous product
JPS58145735A (en) * 1982-02-22 1983-08-30 Daikin Ind Ltd Production of porous polytetrafluoroethylene article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61144333A (en) 1986-07-02

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