JPH0458815A - Fertilizing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the title machine so designed that the tip of a fertilizer nozzle is controlled so as to get out of the ground in case said nozzle is subjected to an excessive transverse force, thereby preventing nozzle distortion and/or breakage. CONSTITUTION:When a nozzle 69 is subjected to an excessive transverse force in its actuation accruing from the traveling of a fertilizing machine 2, a control means 66 actuates a raising means 77 in response to a signal from a detecting means 65, resulting in raising the fertilizing machine to such a level that the tip of the nozzle get out of the ground.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a fertilizer applicator that injects fertilizer into a field in a dotted manner, and more specifically, it relates to a fertilizer applicator that injects fertilizer into a field in a dotted manner. It is related to the device.

(b) Conventional technology In general, fertilizer applicators include those that spread fertilizer evenly over the field, those that inject fertilizer into the field in streaks, and those that inject fertilizer dotted into the sown area. The method of dot injection (hereinafter referred to as boiling liquid) is attracting attention from the viewpoint of efficiency and environmental conservation.

- Therefore, in the broth-type fertilizer applicator, the traveling speed (work speed) and the fertilizing pitch have been made to roughly match.

(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention By the way, the above-mentioned boiling liquid fertilizer, especially the boiling liquid deep layer fertilizer, has a problem in which the wheels slip in muddy fields, resulting in a difference between the running speed and the fertilization pitch. In this case, there was a risk that the nozzle would be bent beyond its allowable force, causing the nozzle to be deformed and damaged.

In addition, if the operator mistakenly activates the nozzle when the fertilizer applicator is stopped, or if the nozzle is stopped and the nozzle tip is lowered into the ground and then starts the fertilizer applicator, the nozzle may cause the nozzle to exceed the allowable force. There was a risk that the nozzle would be deformed and damaged due to bending.

Therefore, the present invention is equipped with a detection device that detects when an excessive lateral force is applied to the nozzle, and when an excessive lateral force is applied to the nozzle, the fertilizer applicator is raised and the fertilizer is passed through the nozzle tip or above the ground. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fertilizer applicator configured as described above, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems.

(d) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. installed, and the upper and lower crank arms (42,
47), which supplies fertilizer to a nozzle (69) supported at the tip of the nozzle (69), and injects the fertilizer into the ground from the tip of the nozzle (69) in a dotted manner. a lifting means (77, 77) that raises the tip of the nozzle (69) to a position above the ground; and a detection means (77) that detects that an excessive lateral force is applied to the nozzle (69).
65, 65), and a control means (66) for operating the lifting means (77, 77) based on the detection by the detection means (65, 65).

(E) Function Based on the above-mentioned configuration, as the traveling machine body (1) travels, the fertilizer applicator (2) is towed and travels, and the upper and lower crank arms (
42, 47) rotate, the tip of the nozzle (69) is driven into the ground, and the fertilizer is boiled into the ground from the tip of the nozzle (69). At this time, for example, if the wheels slip in a muddy field and there is a difference between the running speed and the fertilization pitch, an excessive lateral force acts on the nozzle (69). Then, the detection means (65, 65) detects that an excessive lateral force is applied to the nozzle (69), and the control means (66) is raised by a signal from the detection means (65, 65). The means (77, 77) are actuated, and the lifting means (77, 77) moves the fertilizer applicator (2) to the nozzle (6).
9) Raise it until the tip of it is above the ground.

B) As described in detail, according to the present invention, when the nozzle (69) is activated as the fertilizer applicator (2) travels, the wheels slip in the muddy field, causing a difference in the traveling speed and the fertilizer application pitch. If this occurs and excessive lateral force is applied to the nozzle (69), it will be detected by the detection means (65, 65) and the fertilizer applicator (2) will automatically control the tip of the nozzle (69). The nozzle (69
) can be prevented from deforming or breaking the nozzle (69) due to bending that exceeds the allowable force.

In addition, if the operator makes a mistake in operating the nozzle (69) when the fertilizer applicator (2) is stopped, or if the nozzle (69)
With the tip of the nozzle (69) still lowered into the ground, start the fertilizer applicator (2) and remove the nozzle (69).
If it is detected that an excessive lateral force has been applied to the fertilizer applicator (2), the fertilizer applicator (2) is automatically raised to a position where the tip of the nozzle (69) passes through the ground. This can prevent deformation and damage.

Furthermore, since it can handle erroneous operations, even an unskilled operator can use the fertilizer applicator (2) without deforming or damaging the nozzle (69).

Note that the numbers in parentheses are used to refer to the drawings, and do not limit the equivalent configuration. An example will be explained below.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fertilizer applicator 2 is connected to a tractor 1 in front thereof, and the fertilizer applicator 2 is configured to receive power from the tractor 1 and be towed. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the fertilizer applicator 2 includes a front frame 3, an upper frame 5, and a lower frame 6.
have. The tractor 1 and the front frame 3 are
A top link 7 and lower links 9, 9 are connected so that they can move up and down. An input shaft 10 is disposed between the top link 7 and the lower link 9.9, a gear portion 11 is connected to the input shaft 10, and a transmission case is installed to cover the gear portion 11. 12 is fixed to the front frame 3.

Further, a sprocket 15 is provided on the output shaft 13 of the gear portion 11.
The sprocket 15 is mounted on a countershaft 16 which is rotatably supported on the upper frame 5.
Power is transmitted via a chino 19 to a sprocket 17 fixed to the sprocket 17.

On the other hand, the output shaft 20 of the gear section 11 is connected to the paste pump 2.
1, a paste pump 21 is driven by the rotation of the output shaft 20, and as shown in FIG. The paste fertilizer reaches the suction part of the paste pump 21, and is pumped through the discharge port 21a to the distribution valve 25.25, as shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the countershaft 16
A sprocket 26.26 is fixed to the front frame 3, and the sprocket 26.26 is connected to a sprocket 27.27 fixed to the shaft of the distribution valve 25.25 arranged in the front frame 3. Power is transmitted via 29. The distribution valve 25 distributes the pumped paste fertilizer to eight discharge ports in conjunction with the rotation of the countershaft 16. The paste fertilizer discharged from the discharge port 25a of the distribution valve 25 is transferred to the joint 3 fixed to the front frame 3.
0 through the nozzle.

Further, crankcases 31 are vertically fixed to the rear ends of the upper frame 5 and the lower frame 6, and are arranged at four locations in the left-right direction of the fertilizer applicator 2, as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an upper crankshaft 32 is rotatably supported at the upper part of the crankcase 31, and a lower crankshaft 33 is rotatably supported at the lower part of the crankcase 31. ing. A sprocket 35 is fixed to the countershaft 16, and the sprocket 35 transmits power via a chino 37 to a sprocket 36 fixed to the upper crankshaft 32. Furthermore, a sprocket 39 is fixed to the upper crankshaft 32, and the sprocket 39 is fixed to the upper crankshaft 32.
9 is a sprocket 4 fixed to the lower crankshaft 33.
Power is transmitted to the engine 0 via the chino 41. Since the sprockets 39 and 40 have the same number of teeth, the upper crankshaft 32 and the lower crankshaft 33 are configured to rotate at the same speed.

Further, one end of an upper crank arm 42 is fixed to one end of the upper crankshaft 32, and a support shaft 43 is fixed to the other end of the upper crank arm 42. A nozzle arm holder 45 is rotatably supported on the support shaft 43.
The upper part of 6 is fixed. One end of a lower crank arm 47 is defined at one end of the lower crankshaft 33, and a shaft 49 is fixed to the other end of the lower crank arm 47. The upper crank arm 4
The angle at which the lower crank arm 47 is attached to the upper crankshaft 32 is the same as the angle at which the lower crank arm 47 is attached to the lower crankshaft 33.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower crank arm 4
A nozzle arm holder 50 is provided at the pivot point between the shaft 49 of No. 7 and the lower part of the nozzle arm 46. The nozzle arm holder 50 has rectangular plate portions 50a on both sides,
50a, a box-shaped box part 50b between the rectangular plate parts 50a and 50a', and a long hole 5 in the center of the rectangular plate part 50a.
0c, a rectangular hole 50d is provided at the center of the rectangular plate portion 508'.

The shaft 49 passes through the nozzle arm 46, and a ring 51 is inserted through the shaft 49 and abuts against a stepped portion 49a of the shaft 49. The tip of the shaft 49 is inserted into the elongated part 50c, and the spacer 5
2, the bolt 53 and the washer 55.
56 prevents it from coming off from the string spacer 52. Rod guide portions 50 are provided on the left and right sides of the box-shaped box portion 50b.
e, 50e are provided, and the rod guide portion 50e
, 50e are each inserted with a rod 57 which is prevented from coming off. A plate 59 is fixed to the tip of the rod 57 inside the box-shaped box part 50b, and a suffling 6o is contracted in a portion of the rod 57 between the plate 59 and the box-shaped box part 50b. Further, a washer 61.62 is inserted into a portion of the rod 57 extending from the rod guide portion 50e, and a nut 63.63 is screwed into the portion, and the rod 57 and plate 59 are moved by the nut 63.63. The pressure of the spring 60 is adjusted at the same time.

The spacer 52 includes the rods 57, 57,
It is slidably held in the box-shaped box portion 50b by plates 59, 59 and springs 60, 60. Furthermore, the lower part of the nozzle arm 46 is fixed to the nozzle arm holder 50. Thereby, the shaft 49 and the spacer 52 are slidable within the range of the elongated hole 50c, and the lower part of the nozzle arm 46 is configured to be able to freely swing within a predetermined range back and forth in the direction of movement.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the box-shaped box portion 50
Limit switches 65 and 65 are arranged on the upper left and right sides of b, and are configured to be turned on when the plate 59 moves as the spacer 52 slides and comes into contact with the limit switch 65. Then, as shown in Figure 6,
The limit switches 65.65 are electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve 66, and either limit switch 6
5 is turned on, the electromagnetic valve 66 is configured to operate.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle arm 46 is
It can be divided into a proximal end portion 46a and a distal end portion 46b, the distal end portion 46b is located below the nozzle arm holder 5o, and the bolts 67, 67, 67.
67. A nozzle 69 for discharging fertilizer into the subterranean layer is detachably fixed along the nozzle arm 46, and the nozzle 69 is also attached to the nozzle arm 46.
Similarly, it is configured so that it can be divided into a proximal end portion 69a and a distal end portion 69b, and the distal end portion 69b
9b extends downward longer than the tip portion 46b of the nozzle arm 46.

Additionally, blade-shaped ribs 70 are fixed to the tip portion 69b of the nozzle 69 in the forward and backward directions of the direction of movement of the fertilizer applicator 2, to reduce penetration resistance when the nozzle 69 is driven into the ground. In addition to reducing the burden on the portion 69b, the ribs 70 cut through the soil even when a force is applied to the nozzle 69 driven into the ground to tilt it back and forth, thereby weakening the earth pressure applied to the nozzle 69. I can do it. Note that the nozzle 69 and the rib 70 may be integrally molded, and the upper end portion of the nozzle base end portion 69a is inserted into and supported by a nozzle support 71.

Further, a stain 72 is provided at the upper part of the nozzle arm holder 45, and one end of the joint 72 and the upper end of the nozzle base end portion 69a are connected by a pipe 73. The other end of the joint 72 and the joint 3
A hose 75 is connected to one end of the outlet of 0, and the hose 75 is made of a flexible material.

Further, the hose 75 has one end connected to the fixed joint 30.
and the other end is fixed to the nozzle base end portion 69a with a vibrator 73.
Since the nozzle base end portion 69a moves up and down and back and forth with the work, the hose 75 also swings with the movement. As a result, there is a risk that the hose 75 may become entangled with other parts, so as a measure to alleviate this, the hose support guide 7
There are 6. The hose support guide 76 includes a hose arm 76a and a hose guide 76b pivotally attached to the tip of the hose arm 76a.
The base end of the hose guide 76b is pivotally supported on the front frame 3 and is configured to be rotatable in the front and back direction.
5 is supported.

Further, hydraulic cylinders 7 are installed on the left and right sides of the lower frame 6.
A gauge wheel 79°79 is attached via 7.77, and a safety frame 80 is provided at the rear of the fertilizer applicator 2.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the electromagnetic valve 66 is actuated and moves to the right, the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 82 provided on the tractor 1 is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder 77 via a throttle valve 83 and a diverter valve 85. .77, the gauge wheel 79.79 is lowered and the fertilizer applicator 2 is raised. Further, a relief valve 86 is provided to keep the oil pressure from the hydraulic pump 82 constant, and a check valve 87 is provided to prevent backflow from the hydraulic cylinders 77, 77.

In this embodiment, since the configuration is as described above, the input shaft 1
The power from 0 is transmitted to the gear section 11 , and the power is transmitted from the sprocket 15 of the output shaft 13 of the gear section 11 to the sprocket 17 of the countershaft 16 via the chino 19 . Sprocket 26 of countershaft 16.
From 26, through Cheno 29, 29 distribution valve 25.25
The power is transmitted to the sprocket 27.27, and
Since power is transmitted from the sprocket 35 of the countershaft 16 to the sprocket 36 of the upper crankshaft 32 via the chino 37, the timing of the fertilizer outflow from the distribution valve 25 and the tip portion 69b of the nozzle 69 are driven into the ground. The timing is in sync.

On the other hand, the power from the input shaft 10 is transmitted to the output shaft 2 of the gear section 11.
0 and is transmitted from the output shaft 2o to the paste pump 21. The paste fertilizer flowing from the paste tank 22 of the tractor 1 through the suction hose 23 is pumped to the distribution valve 25.25 by the paste pump 21, and the paste fertilizer coming out from the discharge port 25a of the distribution valve 25.25 is passed through the nozzle. and is pumped to the joint 30.

Further, power is transmitted from the sprocket 39 of the upper crankshaft 32 to the sprocket 40 of the lower crankshaft 33 via the chino 41, and since the sprockets 39 and 40 have the same number of teeth, the upper crankshaft 32
and the lower crankshaft 33 have the same rotation speed.

The rotation of the upper crankshaft 32 is transmitted to the upper crank arm 42 to rotate the nozzle arm holder 45, and the rotation of the lower crankshaft 33 is transmitted to the lower crank arm 47 to rotate the nozzle arm holder 50. Then, the nozzle arm 46 and the nozzle 69 rotate in conjunction with each other while maintaining a substantially vertical state, and the nozzle 69
The tip portion 69b of is driven into the ground.

Further, the paste fertilizer fed under pressure to the joint 30 is sent to the joint 72 via a hose 75 supported by a hose support guide 76, and then via a vibrator 73 to a nozzle 69.
A certain amount of fertilizer is sent to the base end portion 69a of the nozzle, and a certain amount of fertilizer is discharged from the discharge port of the nozzle tip portion 69b, and the boiling liquid is fertilized into the ground.

At this time, if an excessive lateral force is applied to the nozzle 69, the shaft 49 and the spacer 52 slide within the range of the elongated hole 50C, and the plate 59 moves accordingly and comes into contact with the limit switch 65, causing the limit to be set. Switch 65 is turned on. Then, the electromagnetic valve 66 is activated, the hydraulic cylinders 77.77 are moved, the gauge wheels 79.79 are lowered, and the fertilizer applicator 2 is raised to a position where the tip of the nozzle 69 passes above the ground. . As a result, the nozzle 69 is bent more than the allowable force, and the nozzle 69 is bent.
9 can be prevented from being deformed and damaged.

Similarly, the operator may operate the nozzle 69 incorrectly when the fertilizer applicator 2 is stopped, or start the fertilizer applicator 2 with the nozzle 69 stopped and the tip of the nozzle 69 lowered into the ground. However, when the limit switch 65 detects that an excessive lateral force is applied to the nozzle 69, the fertilizer applicator 2 is automatically raised to a position where the tip of the nozzle 69 passes above the ground. This can prevent the nozzle 69 from being deformed and damaged due to erroneous operation.

Further, in this embodiment, the gauge wheel 79 is moved up and down by the hydraulic cylinder 77, but it is also possible to move the fertilizer application machine 2 up and down by rotating the lift arm of the tractor 1.

Furthermore, if an alarm buzzer is connected to the limit switch 65, the limit switch 65 is turned on and the operator can be easily notified by the alarm buzzer at the same time that the fertilizer applicator 2 is raised.

In addition, in order to immediately correct erroneous operation, limit switches are installed on the main shift lever, auxiliary shift lever, and PTO lever.
When the PTO lever is turned off, the nozzle 69 is stopped and the fertilizer applicator 2 is operated while the tip of the nozzle 69 is lowered into the ground.
When the fertilizer applicator 2 stops running, the alarm buzzer will sound, and if the main gear shift lever is turned off, the auxiliary gear shift lever is turned off, and the PTO lever is manually operated, the nozzle 69 will be activated when the fertilizer applicator 2 stops running, so the alarm buzzer will sound. It can be configured as follows.

In addition, in order to prevent the nozzle 69 from being deformed and damaged in the left-right direction due to a large change in direction of the tractor 1 while operating the nozzle 69 and applying broth fertilizer, it is necessary to operate only one brake and to adjust the angle of the pitman arm. It can be configured such that a limit switch is used to detect the large amount, and the fertilizer applicator 2 is raised and an alarm buzzer sounds.

Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.

The front of the tractor 1 is an engine frame 101 on which an engine is mounted, and a bracket 102 is fixed to the front of the engine frame 101. A paste tank 103, a hydraulic motor 105, a gear section 106, a transmission case 107, and a paste pump 109 are arranged above the bracket 102.

Hydraulic pressure is fed from the hydraulic pump of the tractor 1 to the suction port 105a of the hydraulic motor 105 to drive the hydraulic motor 105, and the power from the hydraulic motor 105 is transmitted to the gear section 1.
06, and a transmission case 107 is fixed to the bracket 102 so as to cover the gear portion 106. The rotation of the gear part 106 is transmitted to the paste pump 109, and the suction port 109a of the paste pump 109 is connected and communicated with the base tank 103.
The paste fertilizer from 09a is transferred to the paste pump 109.
As a result, the fertilizer is fed under pressure from the discharge port 109b through the small-diameter high-pressure hose 110 to the distribution valves 25, 25 of the fertilizer applicator 2. Also,
A drain port 109c is provided on the lower surface of the paste pump 109. The base tank 103 is band 1
11, and is attached to the bracket 102 with the upper part held down. A front bumper 112 is disposed between the engine frame 101 and the bracket 102.

The hydraulic pump of the tractor 1 is configured to connect or drain an oil path to the hydraulic motor 105 using a valve at a set position above and below the fertilizer applicator 2 with a set rotation amount of the lift arm.

Moreover, the difference between the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 and the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is that the paste pump 21 of the fertilizer applicator 2 in FIGS. base tank 1
03f111 to become the paste pump 109, and the suction hose 2 in Figs. 1 and 2 was moved accordingly.
3 is no longer needed, a small-diameter high-pressure hose 110 has been newly installed, and the hydraulic cylinders 77 and 77 in FIG. 1 have been removed, but the rest of the structure is the same.

Also, the large diameter and long suction hose 23 is no longer required.
Since the small-diameter high-pressure hose 110 is provided, a large amount of unused paste fertilizer may accumulate in the suction hose 23, or when the fertilizer applicator 2 rises, the paste pump 21 also rises, causing the paste fertilizer to flow back into the base tank 22 and be suctioned. To provide a suction hose 23 in which air accumulates in the hose 23 or air easily gets mixed in and is difficult to escape, resulting in fluctuations in the discharge amount, or in which it is troublesome to take out the paste fertilizer remaining in the suction hose 23 after fertilization work. It is possible to solve the problem caused by

Moreover, since the high pressure hose 110 has a small diameter, the hose 110 can be freely arranged without hindering the flow of the paste fertilizer.

In addition, although the above-mentioned example explained a fertilizer for asparagus, it is not limited to this, and can be similarly applied to other paste or liquid fertilizers, such as a riding rice transplanter with a fertilizing/seeding machine attached to the running part. Of course, it can be applied.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view showing a fertilizer application machine to which the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a schematic overall view showing a tractor and fertilizer application machine to which the invention is applied, and Fig. 3 is a rear view showing a fertilizer application machine to which the invention is applied. , 4th
The figure is a side sectional view showing the nozzle and limit switch portion according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the main part of the nozzle arm holter portion, and FIG.
Fig. 7 is a hydraulic circuit diagram, Fig. 8 is a lower side view of the base tank showing another embodiment, Fig. 9 is a schematic overall view showing a tractor and fertilizer application machine showing another embodiment, and Fig. 10 is a diagram of another embodiment. FIG. 11 is a side view of a fertilizer application machine showing an embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a rear view thereof. )

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a fertilizer applicator that supplies fertilizer to a nozzle mounted on a traveling machine body and supported at the tips of upper and lower crank arms, and injects the fertilizer into the ground from the tips of the nozzles in dots. , a lifting means for raising the fertilizer applicator to a position where the tip of the nozzle passes above the ground; a detecting means for detecting that an excessive lateral force is applied to the nozzle; and based on detection by the detecting means. , a control means for operating the lifting means, and a fertilizer application machine comprising: