JPH0456288B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention is mainly used in eye surgery and treatment, and particularly relates to a stereoscopic microscope equipped with a correction function for a variable zoom optical system.

[Prior Art] Stereo microscopes are widely used for medical purposes such as surgeries and examinations, as well as for research and industrial purposes, and are useful for improving the precision and safety of surgeries, etc. for example,
For diseases of the eye, which forms a precise optical system, appropriate measures are taken to restore its function, but if any surgery is performed on the eyeball, the shape and function may change. Recovery is a major issue, and especially as the number of cataract surgeries increases, how the corneal shape is restored after surgery has become an important factor that determines the success or failure of the surgery. To this end, it is an extremely effective means to add a corneal shape measurement function to a surgical stereomicroscope and measure and display the shape during, before and after the surgery.

In addition, there are three types of optical systems for stereomicroscopes: fixed magnification type, drum variable magnification type, and zoom variable magnification type, but especially when used for surgery, observation and measurement must be performed precisely. Since different magnifications are often required for each stage, it is preferable to use a variable zoom type.

However, when magnification conversion is performed during surgery, the measured value of the corneal shape naturally changes as the magnification changes. If the measured values fluctuate in this way even though they are measuring the same object, it will be confusing to interpret the measured values.In order to avoid this, conventional devices have to maximize the zoom characteristics. In many cases, they are not fully utilized.

[Object of the Invention] The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate such drawbacks of conventional devices and provide an index that serves as a reference, thereby correcting fluctuations in measured values that occur due to zooming, and improving the characteristics of zooming. The object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic microscope that can be fully utilized.

[Summary of the invention] The gist of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows:
A stereoscopic microscope equipped with a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems including a variable magnification optical system, a first projection optical system including a first index to project toward a subject, and a subject of the first index. a measuring optical system that guides a reflected image of the first index onto the imaging means through the variable magnification optical system; and a second projection optical system that projects the image toward the imaging means.

[Embodiments of the Invention] The present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an optical system illustrating a case in which an eye to be examined E is observed, and FIG. 2 is a front view of an index plate having a ring index. In this Figure 1,
Common objective lens 1 placed in front of the eye E to be examined
, zoom magnification systems 2a and 2b arranged in pairs on the two left and right optical axes Oa and Ob, beam splitters 3a and 3b, and a finder optical system Fa,
The eye E to be examined is viewed stereoscopically by the examiner through Fb.

Further, as part of the optical system for corneal shape measurement, a ring-shaped light source 4 is provided between the eye E and the objective lens 1, and a beam splitter 5 is provided on the optical axis of the objective lens 1 behind the objective lens 1. , and a reversing mirror 6 retractably arranged on the optical axis Ob. An imaging lens 7 is installed on the reflection side of the beam splitter 3b so that the light beam reflected by the reversing mirror 6 is received via the zoom magnification system 2b of the stereoscopic observation optical system and the beam splitter 3b. A light-receiving element surface 8 made of a two-dimensional charge-coupled device (CCD) or the like is installed.

Further, as an optical system for magnification correction, a relay lens 9, a ring-shaped index plate 10 shown in FIG.
are arranged sequentially.

Since the embodiment of the present invention has the above-described configuration, the light beam emitted from the eye E becomes an afocal light beam at the objective lens 1 and enters the beam variable magnification system 2a. Thereafter, the light enters the beam splitter 3a, and part of the light beam is used, for example, when viewing from the side or photographing with a TV camera (not shown), and the rest reaches the examiner's eye via the viewfinder optical system Fa and is observed. Similarly, the light flux that has entered the zoom magnification system 2b via the objective lens 1 is transmitted to the beam splitter 3b and the finder optical system.
The light reaches the examiner's eye via Fb, and provides the examiner's eye with a stereoscopic image of the eye E together with the light flux that has entered through the viewfinder optical system Fa.

On the other hand, the light flux from the ring-shaped light source 4 is
A so-called Mayer image, which is a ring-shaped corneal reflection image, is formed on the cornea C of the patient. This Mayer image passes through the objective lens 1, the beam splitter 5, and the reversing mirror 6 inserted in the optical path Ob, enters the zoom magnification system 2b, is reflected laterally by the beam splitter 3b, and is reflected by the imaging lens 7. It is projected onto the light receiving element surface 8, and the shape of the cornea C, such as distortion, is numerically measured.
Then, a part of the light beam is observed by the examiner through the viewfinder optical system Fb.

The index plate 10 shown in FIG. 2 is illuminated by a light source 11, and the luminous flux from the ring-slit index 10p formed on the index plate 10 is turned into an afocal luminous flux by the relay lens 9, and passes straight through the beam splitter 5. The light enters the zoom magnification system 2b via the reversing mirror 6, is further reflected by the beam splitter 3b, and is then imaged by the imaging lens 7 onto the light receiving element surface 8. The size of the corneal reflection image described above is quantified using the image of the index 10p as a reference.

To perform observation and measurement using this optical system, first, the corneal reflection image of the ring-shaped light source 4 is detected by the index 10.
Adjust according to p. After the adjustment is completed, a correction coefficient for the projection magnification by the lens optical system including the zoom magnification system 2b is determined from the size of the ring-shaped index 10p imaged on the light receiving element surface 8. Next, the size and shape of the corneal reflection image of the ring-shaped light source 4 are measured on the light receiving element surface 8, and the corneal shape is calculated using the previously determined correction coefficient.

As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, by providing a magnification correction means using a reference index, it is possible to observe and measure the cornea C with sufficient accuracy.
However, if a means for regulating the size of the corneal reflection image is further added as shown in FIG. 3, more accurate measurement becomes possible.

In addition to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment shown in FIG.
3. An image from an optical system including a relay lens 14 and a mirror 15 is transmitted through a beam splitter 3b and is incident on a light receiving element surface 8.

That is, the luminous flux emitted from the indexes 13p and 13q on the index plate 13 illuminated by the light source 12 is transmitted through the relay lens 14, the mirror 15, and the beam splitter 3.
b, projected onto the light receiving element surface 8 by the imaging lens 7; Here, by adjusting the zoom magnification systems 2a to 2b and bringing the image of the ring-shaped light source 4 between the indices 13p and 13q formed on the light-receiving element surface 8, the ring-shaped light source The size of the corneal reflection image of No. 4 can be maintained almost constant. Finder optical system Fa,
This prevents the observation and measurement from becoming difficult due to the inappropriate size of the corneal reflection image on the light receiving element surface 8 for observation and measurement in the Fb observation field, and allows observation and measurement at always the appropriate position. This makes measurement possible.

In the above explanation, the eyeball has been explained as the object to be examined, but the object to be examined is not limited to the eyeball, but can be any object that forms a reflected image by a light source. It can be widely applied not only to research fields but also to industrial fields.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the stereomicroscope according to the present invention can correct the magnification by adding a reference target projection optical system to the shape measurement function of the object. Accurate measurement is possible by suppressing fluctuations in measured values due to magnification changes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of a stereomicroscope according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an optical system, FIG. 2 is a front view of an index plate, and FIG. 3 is a configuration of an optical system of another embodiment. FIG. 4 is a front view of the index plate. 1 is an objective lens, 2a, 2b are zoom magnification systems, 3a, 3b, 5 are beam splitters, 4 is a ring-shaped light source, 6 is a reversing mirror, 8 is a light receiving element surface,
10 and 13 are indicator plates, 10p, 13p and 13q are indicators, and 11 and 12 are light sources.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A stereoscopic microscope in which a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems including variable magnification optical systems are arranged, a first projection optical system including a first index projected toward a subject; a measurement optical system that guides a reflected image of the first index on the subject through the variable magnification optical system to an imaging means; and a second index serving as a scale of the reflected image of the first index on the imaging means. A stereoscopic microscope characterized by comprising: a second projection optical system that projects onto the imaging means via the variable magnification optical system. 2. The stereomicroscope according to claim 1, wherein the first indicator is a ring-shaped light source. 3. The stereomicroscope according to claim 1, wherein the second indicator is a ring slit illuminated by a light source. 4. The stereoscopic microscope according to claim 1, wherein the stereoscopic observation optical system, the measurement optical system, and the second projection optical system share an optical system. 5. A patent in which a projection optical system including a third index illuminated by a light source projects a third index image onto a two-dimensional light-receiving surface of the measurement optical system, bypassing the shared optical system. A stereoscopic microscope according to claim 4.