JPH0454799B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a segment fastening fitting used mainly in a shield excavation method.

(Prior Art) Currently, much of the construction work for subways and sewers in urban areas is carried out using the shield excavation method, which allows these works to be carried out without removing above-ground structures.

In this shield excavation method, a shield excavation machine equipped with a rotatable cutting blade at the tip is arranged, and the tube-shaped space formed by excavation with this shield excavation machine is sequentially cut into tubes as the excavation progresses. A tunnel such as the above-mentioned subway is formed by forming an outer shell structure (outer wall of the tunnel).

By the way, since the above-mentioned tube-shaped outer shell structure is extended sequentially depending on the state of excavation, and also because it must be transported and supplied to a newly excavated part within a regulated predetermined space, It is configured so that it can be formed by connecting (connecting) a plurality of dimensionally small segments. That is,
These segments form an annular body (ring) of a predetermined length by fastening a plurality of segments into a ring shape, and form a tube-like structure by sequentially connecting segments to this annular body in the axial direction. I'm starting to do that.

Conventionally, various types of fastening means have been used between the segments. For example, as shown in FIG.
1 or a convex portion (not shown) is formed, and this concave portion or convex portion is fastened with a bolt. Also,
As another method, as shown in FIG. 13, a web 61 serving as a connection surface is provided around each segment 60, and the webs of each segment are fastened by screwing together with bolts.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, when the segments are provided with protrusions or webs as described above and are screwed together with bolts, etc., protrusions are formed on the inner wall of the tube-shaped outer shell structure. Therefore, it is impossible to make the convex portion or the like protrude inward to a large size. Furthermore, even when forming a recess, it is not possible to form a recess that is deep in dimension or large in plan for reasons of strength.

Therefore, when connecting each segment,
Screwing work has to be done in a very restricted space, and on the other hand, because it is civil engineering work, positioning between segments cannot be done with the precision that can be achieved with mechanical work, and as a result, robotization is difficult and difficult. Much depended on the skills of skilled workers.

Further, as mentioned above, due to the inability to form large convex portions or deep concave portions inside the segments, the bending bolts 70 with curved shafts as shown in FIG. 14 are used for fastening. This also impeded work efficiency and hindered robotization.

As mentioned above, even when the segments are assembled by skilled workers, a considerable amount of time is required, and the connections between the segments are currently quite uneven.

On the other hand, since workers are forced to work in the harsh environment inside the tunnel, there is a need to improve the working environment, and there is a need to speed up the work. was awaited.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned current situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fastening fitting with a simple structure that has high fastening accuracy and can perform segment fastening work using a robot.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The fastener according to the present invention is integrated into each connecting portion of two segments to be connected so that the axes are parallel to the contacting surfaces and the lip portion faces outward. The outline shape of the main parts of the pair of parts that are fixed together is the zygote of the C-shaped channel body, and the zygote of the two segments to be connected with each lip part of the C-shaped channel body facing each other. It is inserted in the axial direction into the space of the approximately H-shaped steel body formed by bringing it into contact, and there is some play at the beginning of insertion, and when the insertion is completed, both the zygotes are sandwiched and the two zygotes are fastened together. A fastening fitting for fastening between segments, whose main part has a core of an H-shaped steel body, the inner surface of the lip of the C-shaped channel body of the connector being connected to the tip. The gap between the inner surface of the web portion and the inner surface of the lip portion is formed into a tapered surface with a slope in a direction that narrows the gap between the inner surface of the web portion and the inner surface of the lip portion. A meshing portion is formed with tooth-shaped teeth that are narrow at the tip and widen at the base for axially engaging the other zygote that faces and abuts the outer surface of the core. The inner surface of the flange portion of the H-shaped steel body is formed into a tapered surface having a slope in the direction in which the interval between the flange portions widens at the tip side corresponding to the tapered surface of the lip portion, so that the core tapers at the tip. It is characterized by forming a wedge piece in the axial direction.

(Function) Therefore, when connecting adjacent segments, the fastening metal fitting according to the present invention functions as follows. That is, prior to connecting the segments, in the thickness direction of the segments to be connected (in the normal direction if the segments have a tube-like shell structure), a The tooth tip of the other zygote to be engaged is positioned between the predetermined tooth tips of the meshing part, and In the longitudinal direction or the circumferential direction, the joints of adjacent segments are arranged close to each other so as to form a space of a substantially H-shaped steel body into which the tip of the core can be inserted.

In this generally arranged state, there is some distance between two adjacent segments in both the thickness direction and the surface direction. In this state, the H-shaped steel body with the axial wedge piece is inserted into the space of the H-shaped steel body with the axial wedge hole formed between the joints of the two segments to be connected. As the core is inserted, the tip of the wedge piece of the core initially contacts the proximal end of the wedge hole of the zygote with their tapered surfaces, and as the core is inserted, The contact point of the tip of the child's wedge piece moves toward the tip of the wedge hole of the zygote. In this process, the core and the zygote come into contact with each other on their tapered surfaces that tighten as they are inserted, creating a wedge effect that gradually brings adjacent segments closer together, so that one side of the segment in the thickness direction The tooth tip of the zygote on the segment side of
The zygote on the other segment side is moved to a predetermined precise position by being guided by the slope of the side surface of the tooth of the zygote, and is connected in a precise positional relationship. In addition, in the surface direction of the segment, as the core is inserted, the lip portions of the two zygotes are sandwiched in a direction that brings them closer to each other due to the same wedge effect, and the segment They are joined in a predetermined positional relationship with no gaps in between.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be specifically described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire structure of the fastening fitting according to the present embodiment in a separated state before fastening, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view in the same fastened state.

In the figure, 1 is a zygote, and the main part of this zygote 1 has a C-shaped channel-like body, and the back part of this C-shaped channel-like body is used to firmly fix the zygote 1 to the segment. A fixing fitting 11 is extended. The C-shaped channel body forming the main part of the zygote 1 has a lip portion 12, as shown in FIG.
A tapered surface 12a is formed on the inner surface of the web portion 13 such that the distance W from the inner surface 13a formed by the straight surface of the web portion 13 narrows toward the tip.
is formed. Thus, two axial wedge holes 14 are formed in each connector 1 on the inner surface 13a of the web portion 13 and the inner surface of the lip portion 12. In addition, the lip portion 12
On the outer surface of the tooth, the tooth width B is narrow at the tooth tip and the tooth width B is narrow at the tooth root.
A meshing portion 12b having a trapezoidal tooth profile with widened edges is formed. This meshing portion 12b is designed such that the meshing portion of one zygote 1 (1A) protrudes from the other zygote 1 ( The engaging portion of 1B) is formed to engage at the retracted position. As shown in the drawings of this embodiment, the above pair of zygotes are manufactured using one mold (mold, etc.).
One zygote 1 (1A) is left as it is (like the zygote on the left in Figs. 1 and 2), and the other zygote 1 (1B) is inverted (as shown in Figs. 1 and 2). It is used in the state like the zygote on the right in Figure 2). In this embodiment, a bolt hole 15 for fixing the core is formed in the end face of the C-shaped channel body of the joint 1.

In the figure, 2 is a core, and the core 2 is, as shown in FIG. A contact piece 21 that comes into contact with the end face of the connector 1 is formed, and a through hole 21a is formed in this contact piece 21 at a position corresponding to the bolt hole 15 of the connector.

As shown in FIG. 3, the inner surface of the flange portion 22 of the core 2 is tapered with a slope in the direction in which the distance w between the flange portions 22 widens at the tip side corresponding to the tapered surface 12a of the connector 1. Surface 22a
is formed. Note that the outer surface 22b of the flange portion 22 is formed into a straight surface. Thus, two wedge pieces 23 in the axial direction are formed by the inner and outer surfaces of the flange portion and are tapered at the tips. In addition, in this example, the 10th
As shown in the figure, the inner surface (tapered surface) 22a of the flange portion of the core 2 is constituted by a surface having a curvature R in the vertical direction in the figure, and the axes of the abutting joints 1A and 1B are misaligned. Compared to a fastener having a structure without the above-mentioned curvature as shown in FIG. This prevents unnecessary concentrated stress from acting on the
A pair of joints fixed to segments adjacent to the dimensions of the H-shaped steel body of the core 2 are connected to the lip portion 1.
The relationship between the dimensions of the space of the H-shaped steel body formed by abutment at 2 is such that when the tip of this core 2 is inserted into the base end of the space 4 of the H-shaped steel body, it is is the third
As shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure, and as shown in Fig. 5 in terms of the axial cross section, play occurs between the core 2 and the space 4 of the H-shaped steel body, and the fastening is completed. Core 2
When the base end of is inserted into the space 4 of the H-shaped steel body, as shown in plan view by the solid line in FIG. 3, and in axial cross section as shown in FIG. 4, The inner surfaces 12a of the lip portions 12 of both zygotes 1 are attached to the core 2.
The dimensions are such that it can be held between the inner surfaces 22a of the flange portions 22 of. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. As shown in the figure, the zygote 1 is constructed so that it can be displaced in position. In other words, play (gap) is applied only in the direction (see arrow B) where no gap occurs between connected adjacent segments.
The structure is such that the present fastening fitting works without having any.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the zygote constructed in this manner is placed at various locations around the segment used in the shield excavation method with the lip portion facing outward. When connecting adjacent segments, the following operations occur.

That is, the segment 41 to be newly connected is placed next to the segment 40 that has already been connected as part of the tube-shaped outer shell structure, and the existing The meshing portion 12b of the zygote 1 (1B) of the segment 41 to be connected with the zygotic portion 12b of the zygote 1 (1A) of the segment 40 to be connected is generally arranged at a predetermined position so as to mesh at a predetermined position. In addition, in the longitudinal direction or circumferential direction of the tube-shaped outer shell structure,
Zygote 1 (1A,
1B) They are arranged so that a space 4 of the H-shaped steel body is formed between them to the extent that the tip of the core 2 can be inserted therein.

That is, the joint 1 of the existing segment 40 and the joint 1 of the segment 41 to be connected come into contact with each other at the lip portion 12, or approximately contact each other, and between them, the space of the H-shaped steel body, for example, as shown in FIG. A space 4 of an H-shaped steel body as shown in the figure is formed.

In such a state, if the core is inserted into the space 4 of the H-shaped steel body, the fastening metal part of that part will be in the state shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 6, and the segment 41 will become a segment. 40 can be connected. Then, the connection of the segments 41 is completed by connecting the existing segment side with the core at the part of the zygote that is fixed to the connection surface 44 in the direction perpendicular to the connection surface 43 where the zygote is located. .

During the above connection, as mentioned above, the two zygotes 1
(1A, 1B) in the direction perpendicular to the contact surface (fourth
Since the gap i is provided in the direction (see arrow A in the figure), even if the zygotes between the segments are shifted in position in this direction, they can be connected.
After inserting the core, as shown in FIG. 2, insert the bolt 32 through the through hole 21a (see FIG. 1) formed in the contact piece 21 of the core to remove the core. If the child 2 is screwed onto the joint 1, the core will be inserted more firmly, and there is no fear that the core will fall out from between the joints due to vibration or the like. Also,
By forming screws of the opposite pitch in the bolt holes of the core, it is possible to create a configuration in which the core can be pulled out once inserted using the bolt holes.

By the way, an external force in the three-dimensional direction of the tube-shaped outer shell structure acts on the fastening metal fittings after the fastening is completed, as described below. That is, a longitudinal shearing force acting on the connecting surfaces of the segments acts on the meshing portion of the zygote, and a circumferential tensile force acting on the connecting surfaces acts on the lip portion and the web portion of the core. A shearing force in the normal direction acting on the connecting surface acts on the web portion of the core. Therefore, the specific dimensions of each part of the above-mentioned fastening fitting will be determined according to the above-mentioned stress, but in this fastening fitting, it is composed of a simple structure as described above, and the stress is determined by each member (portion). Since the stress simply acts as shear or tensile stress on the bolt, the strength of the fastened part is very advantageous compared to when a bending bolt is used and tensile stress is applied to the bolt as described above. Compared to conventional products, the locations subject to stress can be made very compact or the number of fastening locations can be reduced.
Furthermore, as described above, since the structure is relatively simple, the dimensions can be easily changed depending on the conditions of use, and fasteners of any capacity can be easily provided.

In the above embodiment, the tapered surface of the core is made of a surface having a curvature R, as shown in FIG. may be formed.

By the way, in this specification, a method for fastening segments forming a tunnel is exclusively described, but it can also be used for fastening segments of other structures, for example, segments for building foundations such as buildings. It can also be used to fasten segments that are not curved in shape.

Moreover, although there is no mention of the material of the fastener, it may be made of iron, non-ferrous metal, non-metal such as plastic, rubber, ceramic, or a composite material, depending on the intended use.

(Effects of the Invention) By using the fastening fitting according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) By using the fastening fitting according to the present invention, the core can be inserted into the joint from a wide space toward the outer wall (in the normal direction) without having to perform screwing work in a restricted space like in the past. You can easily connect by just doing so.

(2) Moreover, since the zygote and the core have wedge holes and wedge pieces for fastening, it can be inserted even if the position is slightly shifted at the beginning of insertion, and the fastening can be done accurately when the fastening is completed. can.

(3) Furthermore, the fastening force per point (particularly the rupture resistance against stress caused by pressure differences such as earth pressure between segments) is significantly greater than that of conventional products. Therefore, the number of fastening points can be reduced compared to conventional ones, and from this point of view as well, the overall fastening work time can be significantly shortened.

(4) Moreover, since it is a simple work, anyone can conclude it in a short time, rather than a skilled worker as in the past.

(5) Since the work is simple and takes place in a large space, it can be automated by robots, promoting labor savings in adverse environments.

(6) The above effects combine to dramatically improve work efficiency compared to conventional fastening methods, and the segment assembly work, which has been a problem in the past, especially in the shield method, can be significantly streamlined.

(7) Moreover, since the fastener according to the present invention is configured as described above, external forces such as earth pressure are applied only as shear force or tensile force (small tensile force) to each member (part) of the fastener. It is advantageous in terms of strength due to the action of This can be easily achieved by increasing the thickness, the number or depth of the engaging parts, or by increasing the length in the axial direction. In particular, in the normal direction of the segments, earth pressure is not responded to by frictional contact between the segments due to the tensile force of the bolt as in the case of conventional bolt type systems, but is directly responded to by the meshing part of the joint. Therefore, it is possible to directly and effectively respond to earth pressure acting in this direction.

(8) Furthermore, since the fastening fitting according to the present invention has restraint means (interlocking part, wedge hole, wedge piece part) in each three-dimensional direction, it can be connected in a state where it is accurately positioned three-dimensionally. . In particular, since the meshing portion is provided to allow accurate positioning of the segments in the normal direction, the connecting portions of the segments do not become uneven, unlike when conventional fastening means are used.

(9) Furthermore, as mentioned above, since a pair of zygotes can be formed with one mold,
It can be supplied at a very low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the fastening fitting according to this embodiment in a separated state before fastening, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same in the fastened state, and Fig. 3 shows the zygote and the core. Fig. 2 is a view along the X-X arrow in Fig. 2 showing the planar state when the fastening is completed and in the middle of insertion, and Fig. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view when the fastening between the zygote and the core is completed. Figure 2 is a Y-Y arrow view showing the state, and Figure 5 is an end view showing the loose state of the end face of the joint when the core is inserted into the space of the H-shaped steel body between the joints. Fig. 6 is an end view of the zygote end face showing the completed state of fastening between the zygote and the core when the zygote and the core are deviated in the direction of the connecting surface, and Fig. 7 is a segment viewed from the inner wall side showing the planar arrangement of the zygote. Arrangement diagram; Fig. 8 is an arrangement diagram showing the circumferential arrangement of the zygote, as seen from the longitudinal end face side of the segments; Fig. 9 is an end view of the zygote, showing the joined state of the zygote in a shifted state. , Fig. 10 is an end view of the zygote showing the state of contact with the zygote when the tapered surface of the core is curved in the perpendicular direction, and Fig. 11 is an end view of the zygote when the tapered surface of the core is a flat surface. Fig. 12 is a plan view of a segment to which a conventional fastening means is applied, viewed from the inner wall side, and Fig. 13 is an end view showing the state of contact with a zygote when a conventional fastening means is applied. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a segment with a bent bolt, and FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view at a joint of the segment with fastening means using a bent bolt. 1 (1A, 1B)... Zygote, 2... Core, 4
... Space of H-shaped steel body, 12 ... Lip part, 1
2a...Tapered surface, 12b...Matching portion, 13...
Web portion, 14...Wedge hole, 22...Flange portion, 22a...Tapered surface, 23...Wedge piece.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. At each connection part of two segments to be connected,
A pair of main parts are integrally fixed to the segment so that the axes are parallel to the contacting surfaces and the lip part faces outward. Each connector of the segment is inserted in the axial direction into the space of the approximately H-shaped steel body formed by bringing the respective lip portions of the C-shaped channel body into contact with each other in a state where they face each other, and there is some play at the beginning of insertion. A fastening fitting for fastening between segments, the main part of which clamps both joints together and fastens the two joints when the insertion is completed, and the main part of which is formed of a core of H-shaped steel. The inner surface of the lip portion of the C-shaped channel-like body of the zygote is formed into a tapered surface having a slope in a direction in which the distance between the inner surface of the web portion and the inner surface of the lip portion narrows on the distal end side. , a wedge hole is formed in the zygote in the axial direction that narrows at the tip, and a wedge hole with a narrow width at the root of the tooth is formed at the tooth tip for axially engaging the other zygote that faces and abuts the outer surface of the lip part. The inner surface of the flange portion of the H-shaped steel body of the core is adjusted to the spacing between the flange portions at the tip side corresponding to the tapered surface of the lip portion. 1. A fastening fitting characterized in that the core is formed with a tapered surface having a slope in the direction in which it widens, and the core is formed with an axial wedge piece that tapers at the tip.