JPH08218786A - Segment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To facilitate works for assembly, and to make full automation, reduce assembly time and to obtain sufficient joint strength. CONSTITUTION: A horizontally developed form of a segment 10 is so formed that the roughly central part of one opposite side of a rectangle is projected to the opposite direction in the shape of a trapezoid, it is so bent that the other opposite side is positioned on both ends of an arc, and the end faces 12 are connected to each other to form a ring. A joint position of both end faces 12 is formed in a zigzag-shape, and side end faces 14 and 16 are connected to each other to execute lining in the direction of the axis of a tunnel. The side end faces 14 and 16 are so easily assembled that recessed harwares 18 and projected hardwares are used for no slippage, and gutters 14 and rails 16a are fitted to increase shear spring.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a segment for lining in a tunnel, and more particularly to an easily assembled segment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shield construction method for excavating a tunnel by a shield machine is known, and in this construction method, a segment is used for lining the tunnel.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional lining with segments. In the figure, segment 1
00 has a shape obtained by dividing the ring into ⅙. Then, the segment 100 having such a shape is assembled in the circumferential direction to form a ring-shaped running, and when the excavation by the shield machine progresses, the process of assembling the next segment 100 is repeated to line the tunnel. .

Since the adjacent segments 100 are connected to each other by a joint (not shown) using bolts, it takes time to tighten the bolts. In addition to this, the joint may be deformed due to the weight of the segment, and it may take time to align the bolt holes.

Further, according to the conventional segment 100, the joint (ring joint) connecting the segments 100 adjacent to each other in the tunnel axial direction has a small shear spring constant.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, even if the segments 100 are assembled in a zigzag manner in the axial direction of the tunnel, the shear spring constant of the ring-to-ring joint is small, so that the load acting on both sides of the piece-to-piece joint is sufficient. There was a problem that I could not support it.

Since the rotational spring constant of the joint (joint between pieces) connecting the segments 100 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the ring must be increased, there is a problem that the cost of the segment increases.

As described above, in the conventional segment, there is a problem that not only is it troublesome to tighten the bolts and align the bolt holes, but also the cost is increased in order to secure the strength.

Particularly, regarding the point that it takes a lot of time to align the bolt holes, it is said that the bolt supply device and the bolt hole alignment device become expensive and large in size when fully assembling the segments. There's a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to easily assemble and to fully automate the assembly, to shorten the assembly time, and to sufficiently perform the assembly. It is to provide a segment that can obtain a connection strength.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 has a shape in which a side is curved so as to draw an arc, and the ring is connected in the extension line direction of the arc to form a ring. By constructing and connecting the ring in the axial direction of the tunnel, the flattened shape of the segment lining the inside of the tunnel has a trapezoidal shape in which approximately the center of one of the opposite sides of the rectangle projects in the opposite direction. And the other opposite side is curved so as to be positioned at both ends of the arc, the first end faces located on the other opposite side are connected to each other to form the ring, and the connecting positions of the first end faces are Lining is performed in the axial direction of the tunnel by connecting the second end faces located on the one opposite side in a zigzag pattern, and on the second end face,
An engaging portion or an engaged portion that forms a pair to prevent coming off,
And a convex portion or a concave portion which are paired and fitted with each other.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the segment according to the first aspect, the protrusion or the recess is made of steel.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the segment according to the first or second aspect, the convex portion or the concave portion is
It is characterized in that it is formed as a continuous rail or groove. According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the segment according to the first or second aspect, the protrusion or the recess is formed as an intermittent rail or an intermittent groove corresponding to the rail. .

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the segment according to any of the first to fourth aspects, a notch is formed at a corner formed by the first end face and the second end face. , The cut portion has a shape that extends from the end portion toward the center on the second end face side, and inserts a connecting member corresponding to the cut portion from the second end face side to connect the first end faces to each other. Is characterized by.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the segment according to any of the first to fifth aspects, a curved inner surface has a supporting convex portion for receiving a thrust reaction force of the tunnel excavator. And

According to a seventh aspect of the invention, in the segment according to the sixth aspect, the supporting convex portion receives an internal pressure in an outward direction by a jack together with the propulsion reaction force, and the propulsion reaction force and the internal pressure are combined. It is characterized by having a receiving surface that receives the resultant force almost vertically.

[0017]

When the segment according to the present invention is developed, one of the opposite sides of the rectangle has a substantially trapezoidal shape protruding substantially in the center in the opposite direction. Then, the first end surfaces (one having no trapezoidal protrusion) are connected to each other to form a ring. In this state, the first ring assembled first has the second end face forming the end face protruding in a trapezoidal shape. Then, the second ring to be assembled next is assembled by connecting the first ring and the second end faces to each other. Here, when the second end faces are connected to each other, the first ring segments and the second ring segments are connected in a zigzag manner. In other words, the connection positions of the first end surfaces of the first ring and the second ring are arranged in a staggered manner.

Further, according to the present invention, the engaging portion or the engaged portion is provided on the second end surface, and these are designed to prevent the coming off once they are engaged. So, for example,
If the engaged portion provided on the second ring is engaged with the engaging portion provided on the first ring to connect the second end faces to each other, the first ring can be removed without bolting or the like. Second
It is possible to prevent the ring from falling off.

In addition to this, the second end face is provided with a convex portion or a concave portion. Therefore, for example, if the convex portion provided on the second ring is engaged with the concave portion provided on the first ring and the second end faces are connected to each other, the shear spring between the first ring and the second ring is formed. Can be increased.

With this large shear spring,
The zigzag group effect of the segment is demonstrated. That is, as described above, since the connection positions of the first end surfaces are displaced (staggered), for example, the connection location of the first end surfaces of the first ring is the second end surface of the first ring. And the second
The connection strength is reinforced by the shear spring between the second end surface of the ring.

As described above, the second end face has a long end face because a part of the second end face projects in a trapezoidal shape. Therefore, the convex portion or the concave portion can also be provided long, so that the shear spring becomes larger.

From the above, according to the present invention, a large shear spring can be obtained by connecting the second end faces to each other, so that the first end faces may be simply connected to each other.

Next, the invention according to claim 2 is such that the projections or recesses are made of steel. By thus forming the convex portion or the concave portion made of steel, the manufacturing accuracy, the roundness of assembly, and the assembly accuracy are improved. Then, when automatically assembling the segments, the precise positioning step can be omitted, and the cost of the automatic assembling apparatus can be reduced.

Further, as the shape of the convex portion or the concave portion, there is a shape as described in claim 3 or 4. In particular, when the convex portions or the concave portions are formed intermittently as in the invention described in claim 4, the second end faces are prevented from being displaced in the circumferential direction in the connection, and the connection strength is large in this respect. Will be things.

Next, in the above-mentioned segment, the first end faces are simply joined together, but the invention according to claim 5 is such that they are joined together.

That is, the notches are formed at the corners of the segments, and the first end faces are connected to each other by inserting the connecting member into the notches.
Moreover, since the notch has a shape that expands in the central direction from the end, inserting the connecting member having a shape corresponding to the notch may cause the first end faces to oppose the force that tends to separate them. it can.

Next, in the invention according to the sixth aspect, the supporting convex portion for receiving the digging force of the tunnel excavator is provided. Then, the excavation force is supported by the support convex portion, and the tunnel excavator advances.

However, if an attempt is made to apply a digging force to the supporting convex portion, the supporting convex portion only projects from the inner side surface of the segment, so the means for transmitting the digging force is likely to come off the supporting convex portion. is there. Therefore, in the invention described in claim 7, the means for transmitting the propulsion reaction force by applying the internal pressure in the outward direction by the jack is prevented from coming off from the supporting convex portion. Further, it has a receiving surface which can receive the resultant force of the digging force and the internal pressure almost vertically and can appropriately receive the force.

Even if such an internal pressure is applied, the shear spring between the second end faces can sufficiently counter this internal pressure as described above.

[0030]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a view showing an assembled state of the segment according to the embodiment. 2 is a schematic view showing a ring formed by assembling the segments of FIG. 1.
(A) is a plan view and (B) is a front view. Also, FIG.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing one piece of the segment in FIG. 1.

The overall shape of the segment 10 is such that, when developed in a plan view, substantially the center of one of the opposite sides of the rectangle projects in a trapezoidal shape in the opposite direction (see FIG. 2A). Then, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the segments 10 are arranged in a zigzag pattern in the tunnel axis direction, the adjacent segments 10 are fitted to each other.

Further, when it is three-dimensionally described, as shown in FIG. 3, the segment 10 is a plate-shaped member which is long in one direction. Furthermore, the outer peripheral end faces that form the outer periphery of the segment 10 are end faces 1 that are located at both ends in the longitudinal direction.
2 and 12 and side end faces 14 and 16 connected to both sides of each end face 12 at right angles.

The segment 10 is assembled in a ring shape by joining the end faces 12 to each other as shown in FIG. 2 (B). This ring R is shown in FIG.
(A) shows R1, ..., R5 in the assembling order.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the end faces 12 are joined together. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a notch 22 is formed at a corner formed by the end face 12 and the side end faces 14 and 16. The notch 22 has a single groove on the end face 12 side, and has a shape in which a round hole and a square hole smaller than the diameter of the round hole are combined on the side end face 14 or 16 side. More specifically, the notch 22 has a shape extending from the end toward the center on the side end surface 14 or 16 side.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the end faces 12 are brought into contact with each other to connect the segments 10 and 10, and the connecting member 24 is inserted into the notch 22 to connect them. Then, the notch 22 has a shape that spreads from the end toward the center, and the connecting member 24 has a shape corresponding to this, so that the connection is strong.

More specifically, the connecting member 24 is shown in FIG. 5 as an overall perspective view. That is, the connecting member 2
Reference numeral 4 denotes a space between the pair of rod-shaped portions 24a, 24a.
It has a shape provided on both sides of a plate portion 24b thinner than the diameter of 4a, and is inserted from the side end surface 14 or 16 side of the segment 10 into the cut portion 22 in the direction shown by the arrow in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the rod-shaped portion 24a has a truncated cone shape so that the rod-shaped portion 24a gradually becomes thicker from the insertion distal end side.

Therefore, the connecting member 24 is cut into the cut portion 2.
When it is inserted in 2, even if there is a gap between the end faces 12, 12, it acts to attract the segments 10, 10.

When the connecting member 24 is completely inserted into the cut portion 22, the diameter of the rod-shaped portion 24a is larger than the thickness of the plate portion 24b, and the cut portion 22 has a shape corresponding to this. The segments 10 and 10 are connected against each other against the force to pull the end faces 12 apart from each other.

Next, the side end surfaces 14 and 16 have a shape in which substantially the center thereof protrudes in a trapezoidal shape in opposite directions.

Specifically, grooves 14a, 14a are formed in the vicinity of both ends on one side end surface 14, and a rail 16 having a shape corresponding to the groove 14a is formed on the other side end surface 16.
a and 16a are formed near both ends. And groove 1
The 4a and the rail 16a are fitted to each other as shown in FIG.

Thus, the groove 14a and the rail 16a are
When and are fitted together, the shear spring can be made larger. That is, between the segments 10 and 10 connected in the tunnel axis direction, it becomes possible to counteract a force that tends to shift toward the outer peripheral surface or the inner peripheral surface with a large resistance force.

Moreover, as described above, the segment 10
Are connected in a zigzag manner in the tunnel axis direction, so that due to the zigzag effect, the joints between the end faces 12 are the side end faces 14,
It is firmly connected by the 16-side shear spring.

Further, since the side end surfaces 14 and 16 project in a trapezoidal shape as described above, the groove 14a and the rail 16 are formed.
It is possible to form a and a at a long distance, which makes the shear spring larger.

Next, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the main body of the segment 10 is composed mainly of concrete, and the side end surface 14,
Reference numeral 16 is formed of a steel member. Therefore, the groove 14a and the rail 16a are also made of steel. The inside or outside of the main body of the segment 10 is also reinforced by a steel member (not shown).

A plurality of concave metal pieces 18 are embedded in one side end surface 14, and the concave metal piece 1 is formed in the other side end surface 16.
The convex metal piece 20 corresponding to No. 8 is provided, and the concave metal piece 18 and the convex metal piece 20 form a joint. Specifically, the concave metal piece 18 is provided with a check spring 18a in a ring shape, and when the convex metal piece 20 is inserted in the center, the convex metal piece 2
0 is designed to prevent slipping out.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the segment 10 is provided with a convex surface portion 26. The convex portion 26 is
A region excluding the peripheral end portion on the inner side surface of the curve is formed to slightly project. Conversely speaking, since the convex surface portion 26 is formed in this manner, the step 28 is formed at the peripheral end portion of the curved inner surface.

More specifically, the raised surface 2 that constitutes the step 28.
As shown in FIG. 6, 8a is raised slightly obliquely. By forming in this way, it is possible to receive the thrust reaction force of the tunnel excavator as well as the inner pressure in the outward direction by the jack, and to receive the resultant force of the thrust reaction force and the inner pressure substantially vertically.

This will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a tunnel excavator capable of simultaneously excavating a tunnel and assembling segments. And, such a tunnel excavator is related to the invention which has already been applied for a patent by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-2533).
No. 90).

In FIG. 7, the tunnel excavator 50 is propelled by the propulsion jack 52, and this reaction force is
The engaging member 5 is attached to the engaging protrusion 56a formed on the segment 56.
4 is engaged and received. In this way, by receiving the propulsive reaction force at the segment 56 at a position excluding the tip end in the excavation direction, the tip end segment 56 can be assembled while excavating the tunnel. Further, the engagement tool 54 is pressed by the internal pressure jack 58 in the direction of the segment 56.

For details, see Japanese Patent Application No. 6-253390.
The description is omitted here because it is described in the specification and drawings.

Then, the propulsive reaction force of the tunnel excavator is applied in the direction shown by the chain line arrow X in FIG.
The internal pressure by 8 is applied in the direction indicated by the chained arrow Y. Then, the resultant force is obliquely applied to the engaging protrusion 56a in the direction indicated by the solid arrow.

Therefore, this is the same in the segment 10 according to the present embodiment, so that the rising surface 28a is formed obliquely so that the resultant force of the propulsion reaction force and the internal pressure can be received vertically. Yes (see FIG. 6).

Next, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a modification of this embodiment. This figure is described in detail in the segment 1 shown in FIG.
It is a figure which shows the example which modified the groove | channel 14a of 0, and the rail 16a.

In FIG. 8A, the segment 30 is
A rail 30a is provided at the center of one side end face, and a groove 30b is provided correspondingly at the center of the other side end face.

Further, in FIG. 8B, the segment 3
In No. 2, a plurality of grooves 32a are provided on one side end face, and correspondingly, a rail 32b is provided on the other side end face.

Further, in FIG. 8C, the segment 34 has a plurality of grooves 32a and a plurality of ridges 3 on one side end surface.
2b are alternately provided, and correspondingly, a plurality of grooves 32a and a plurality of ridges 32b are alternately provided on the other side end surface.

As described above, the groove 14a shown in FIG.
The rails 16a may have various shapes as shown in FIG.

Next, FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the segment 30 of FIG. 8A is further modified. In FIG. 9, the segment 40 has the same overall shape as the segment 10 of FIG. Then, on one side end surface 42, a concave portion 42a is formed on a tip surface protruding in a trapezoidal shape, convex portions 42b are formed on the inclined surfaces on both sides thereof, and convex portions 4 are formed on both end portions.
2c is formed.

FIG. 10 shows the segment 40 viewed from the other side end surface 44 side. As shown in the figure, on the other side end surface 44, a concave portion 44a is formed on the tip surface protruding in a trapezoidal shape, and concave portions 44b are formed on the inclined surfaces on both sides thereof.
Protrusions 44c are formed at both ends.

Here, the concave portion 42a and the concave portion 44a have the same shape, the convex portion 42c and the convex portion 44c have the same shape, and the convex portion 42b and the concave portion 44b have a fitting shape.

Further, the concave portion 42a has a shape in which two adjacent convex portions 44c, 44c are fitted into each other, and the concave portion 44a is formed.
a has a shape in which two adjacent convex portions 42c, 42c are fitted.

From the above, as shown in FIG. 9, the segment 40 is assembled in a zigzag pattern with the concave portions and the convex portions fitted together.

As described above, when the concave portions and the convex portions are intermittently provided on the side end face, the segments 40, 40 are formed in the tunnel axis direction.
When the two are connected, the corresponding concave portions and convex portions fit into each other so that they do not shift in the circumferential direction. For example, the convex portion 42b
The concave portion 44b and the concave portion 44b are fitted to each other so as not to be displaced in the circumferential direction. In addition, by fitting the convex portion 42c and the concave portion 44a together, a joint between the first end faces can be formed.

Similar to the segment 10 of FIG. 1, this segment 40 also has an engaging portion and an engaged portion corresponding to the concave metal piece 18 and the convex metal piece 20 which are intended to prevent the metal piece from coming off when assembled in the axial direction of the tunnel. Is provided. However,
Since this point is the same as that of the segment 10, detailed description will be omitted.

[0066]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to easily assemble by the engaging portion and the engaged portion, and by engaging the convex portion or the concave portion with each other, it is possible to increase the shear spring between the rings and to exhibit the zigzag effect, thereby enhancing the connection strength. Moreover, since the second end face side has a protruding shape, the second end face becomes long, and the meshing by the convex portion or the concave portion is performed over a long distance, so that the shear spring can be further increased.

Further, since the shear spring can be made large by the convex portion or the concave portion, the zigzag effect of the segments can be sufficiently exerted.

Further, in the present invention, since the segments having the above-mentioned shape are assembled in a zigzag manner, they are joined in a ring shape at a narrow portion, and the joint portion is formed at a wide portion in a segment adjacent in the tunnel axis direction. It is designed to be connected. Therefore, the bending moment applied to the ring-shaped joint is received by the wide portion, and the thickness of the segment can be reduced.

[0069]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an assembled state of a segment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic view showing a ring formed by assembling the segments of FIG. 1, (A) is a plan view, and (B) is a front view.

3 is a diagram showing one piece of the segment in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which segments are circumferentially joined to form a ring.

5 is a perspective view showing a connecting member shown in FIG. 4. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state where segments are connected in the tunnel axis direction.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a tunnel excavator capable of simultaneously excavating a tunnel and assembling segments.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a modified example of the segment according to the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another modification of the segment according to the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a view of the segment shown in FIG. 9 viewed from the side end surface on the opposite side.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a conventional lining with segments.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 segment 12 end face (first end face) 14, 16 side end face (second end face) 14a groove (recess) 16a rail (convex part) 18 concave metal part (engaged part) 20 convex metal part (engagement part) R1 R5 ring

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshihiro Okumura 1-7-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masao Miyauchi 1-7-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Building Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Koji Tada 1-17-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Makoto Jukagawa 1-1-7 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Ken Inside the corporation

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A lining in a tunnel is formed by curving a side shape of an arc and connecting it in an extension line direction of the arc to form a ring, and connecting the ring in an axial direction of the tunnel. In the segment to be formed, the shape developed in a plane is a shape in which substantially the center of one of the opposite sides of the rectangle projects in a trapezoidal shape in the opposite direction, and the other opposite side is curved so as to be positioned at both ends of the arc, The first end faces located on the other opposing side are connected to each other to form the ring, and the connecting positions of the first end faces are staggered to connect the second end faces located on the one opposing side. Lining is performed in the axial direction of the tunnel, and the second end surface has an engaging portion or an engaged portion that forms a pair to prevent retention, and a convex portion or a concave portion that fits in a pair. A segment characterized by being provided. 2. The segment according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion or the concave portion is made of steel. 3. The segment according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion or the concave portion is formed as a continuous rail or groove. 4. The segment according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion or the concave portion is formed as an intermittent rail or an intermittent groove corresponding to the rail. 5. The segment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a notch is formed at a corner formed by the first end face and the second end face, and the notch is A segment characterized in that it has a shape extending from the end toward the center on the second end face side, and a connecting member corresponding to the cut portion is inserted from the second end face side to connect the first end faces to each other. 6. The segment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inner surface of the curve has a supporting projection that receives a reaction force of the propulsion of the tunnel excavator. 7. The segment according to claim 6, wherein the supporting projection receives the internal pressure of the jack in the outward direction together with the propulsion reaction force, and receives the resultant force of the propulsion reaction force and the internal pressure substantially vertically. A segment having a receiving surface.