JPH0453417A - Making desert into agricultural land - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a water-free dessert with water, to prevent desertification, to make desert into an agricultural land and to supply to water to coastal cities, by installing a greenhouse having an atmosphere isolating device bestriding an aqueous solution. CONSTITUTION:For example, sea water 2 is passed through a concrete canal 1 having a dam 1', a greenhouse 3, having an atmosphere isolating device (made of plastics) 4 immersed in the sea water 2, a roof 7 equipped with a skylight 5, an openable and closable channel 8 existing at the valley of the roof 7 and a ventilating window 6 free from a partition wall is made to bestride the canal 1, the sea water 2 is evaporated by solar energy, condensed into water, the water is changed in position buy convection caused by ebb and flow of tide, difference in concentration, etc., to facilitate plant culture in the greenhouse 3.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] The purpose of the present invention is to supply water to a water-poor desert and turn it into agricultural land.

[Industrial application field]

Currently, it is said that an area the size of Hikari and Shikoku combined is turning into desert every year. Desertification is particularly severe on the African continent.

The present invention has the field of application of preventing desertification as much as possible, turning deserts into agricultural land, and supplying water to coastal cities.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, various methods have been used to deal with water shortages in deserts, including seawater evaporation, ion exchange membrane methods, freezing methods, solvent extraction methods, and reverse percolation methods. However, all of the above are regular
It uses valuable energy. Therefore, the value of water 11 has become expensive, and water is not produced enough to convert deserts into farmland. The current situation is that, at best, this water is used for drinking water in coastal cities.

Furthermore, as a method of utilizing solar energy, an experiment as shown in FIG. 1, which is shown in a diagram of the principle, is well known. When you fill a shallow container with seawater, place a sloping glass plate over it, seal it, and leave it in the sun, the steam generated condenses on the glass plate and flows down the slope into other containers. . The disadvantage of this is that it requires replacing the seawater.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The present invention introduces water containing dissolved water-insoluble impurities as well as water-soluble impurities such as salts, bases, acids, etc. into the greenhouse, and uses free solar energy to evaporate the water and condense it. In the process of turning water into water, the idea is to use convection due to the ebb and flow of the tide and concentration differences to replace aqueous solutions containing impurities (seawater and other types, but hereinafter referred to as seawater).

[Means to solve the problem]

1. In the case of a greenhouse with an atmospheric barrier device that is immersed in seawater.

Figure 2 is a bird's-eye view showing a long canal that connects seawater and a group of greenhouses that span it. 1 is a canal made of concrete to prevent dissolved seawater from seeping outside of canal 1.

The inside surface is black for better heat absorption.

1' is the dam of Canal 1. 2 is seawater. 3 is a greenhouse, and each greenhouse 3 has no partition wall. The reason is that the water vapor evaporated from seawater is distributed throughout the greenhouse 3. 4 is an atmospheric barrier device that is immersed in seawater, and the purpose of 40 is to prevent water vapor from escaping inside the greenhouse. Therefore, we created a device made of materials that will not be affected by seawater, and we put it under water to isolate it from the outside air. For example, as shown in the figure, a membrane of plastic or synthetic rubber can achieve the barrier effect.

5 is the skylight of greenhouse 3, which is a ventilation window when plants are planted inside greenhouse 3. 6 is also a ventilation window. 7 is the roof of the greenhouse.

8 is a groove in the valley of roof 7 that can be opened and closed. The purpose of this is to remove desert sand that accumulates in valleys that have become snowdrifts.
It is meant to be opened and dropped.

In the case of Figure 2, the greenhouse group straddling the canal 1 is illustrated, but in this case, the greenhouse group 3 is advanced toward the sea 9 as shown in Figure 3, and the coastline 10 shown by the dotted line is placed inside the greenhouse group 3. You can also do this.

In the case of Figure 3, the greenhouse on the side facing the rough waves must be solid. Further, the atmosphere shielding device 4 may be lowered from the foundation structure 11 as shown on the left side of the dotted line A in FIG. , a structure 11 having a hole 12 through which the seawater 2 passes may be provided below the surface of the seawater 2.

2. In the case of a greenhouse spanning a canal with a water gate.

Figure 4 is a sketch of the canal. In the case of Figure 2, canal 1
If the length of is a few seconds, no sluice gate is needed. This is because the seawater 2 in the canal 1 naturally replaces the seawater 2 in the sea due to diffusion and convection due to the difference in salinity of the seawater 2 due to evaporation of water vapor, and the ebb and flow of the tide.

However, when the length of the canal 1 becomes several tens of meters or more, it becomes difficult to replace the seawater 2, and the salt concentration of the seawater 2 at a point far from the sea increases, making it difficult to generate water vapor.

In Figure 4, let's consider the case where the canal 1 is U-shaped as shown in the figure, has two openings to the sea, 13 and 14, and one water gate 15. When the water gate 15 of the opening 13 is closed at high tide, the seawater 2 in the canal l will flow toward the opening 14 as the tide becomes low. When the water gate 15 is opened at low tide, seawater 2 enters the canal 1 from both openings 13 and 14. Then, it mixes with seawater 2 that had accumulated from before. Then, when the tide reaches high, floodgate 15 will be closed. Then, the seawater 2 flows toward the opening 14. If this is repeated, the seawater 2 in the canal 1 will be replaced, albeit gradually. This is the case when the number of water gates is n-1.

Next, in the same FIG. 4, let's consider a case where a water gate 16 is attached to the opening 14.

First, when high tide is reached, lock 15 of Canal 1 is closed and the lock is left open for 16 minutes. Then, seawater 2 in canal 1 flows in the direction of arrow B as the tide becomes low and flows out into the sea.

Next, when it becomes a secondary line, the water gate 16 is closed and the water gate 16 is opened. Then seawater 2 flows from the water gate 15 into the canal 1 in the direction of arrow B'
flows in the direction of And when the tide reaches high tide, Floodgate 15
, and open floodgate 16. If you repeat this process, you will be inside Canal 1.

This means that seawater with low salinity that evaporates easily is constantly flowing. This is the case when the number of sluices n = 2.

This number n of sluices is also increased by the canal 17 branching off from the canal 1. This is sluice gate 18. This is the case when the number of water gates n = 3 or more.

Also, as shown in Fig. 5, there is a partition wall 19 in one canal 1.
It is also conceivable to provide a sluice gate 20.21.

3 In the case of a greenhouse with a water gate.

Figures 6 and 7 are general views of the sluice gate greenhouse. FIG. 6 shows a double-gate lock 22, and FIG. 7 shows a lock 24 rotating around a horizontal axis 23.

25 is the balance load of the water gate 24. Although not shown in the figure, a water gate that moves up and down in the vertical direction is also possible.

The sluice gates installed in these greenhouses should not only block water, but if possible, also block the air inside and outside the greenhouse.

8 and 9 show the unevenness of the ground (soil or sand) inside the greenhouse of greenhouse group 3. FIG. 8A is an overview view, B is a side view, and 0 is a plan view. FIG. 9A is a general view, B is a front view, 0 is a side view, and D is a plan view.

26 is the ground, 27 is a concave portion, and 28 is a convex portion.

The earth 26 with its uneven parts is covered with a waterproof sheet 29,
For example, it is covered with vinyl chloride. 30 is a hole provided in a recessed portion of the waterproof sheet 29 through which water passes. With the above structure, water droplets falling from the roof 7 of the greenhouse 3 flow on the waterproof sheet 29, are sucked into the ground through the holes 30, and are prevented from evaporating by the waterproof sheet 29.

10, 11, and 12 are an actual view, a side view, and a plan view showing the structure of the roof 7 of the greenhouse 3, respectively. If the structure of the greenhouse 3 is a series of ridges as shown in Fig. 2, the humid air inside the greenhouse 3 will circulate through the ridges. However, I wonder if I will go to the next building in the same way.
This is not possible as it is blocked by the valley part 8 of the roof 7.

The method shown in Figures 10, 11, and 12 is to extend it to the neighboring buildings, making the vertical and horizontal buildings the same height or nearly the same height. 31 is the vertical ridge, 32
is the side ridge, and 33 is the bottom of roof 7. This valley bottom 33
It is natural to install an opening/closing window to remove accumulated sand and other debris.

Figure 13 shows the roof glass plate 34 of the greenhouse 3 spanning seawater.
A cross-sectional view showing that water condensed on a roof glass panel made of metal or the like is received by a water guiding glass plate 36 and dropped into a water reservoir 37 below. Figure 14, 1st
5 is a side view and a plan view of the water guiding glass plate 36, respectively, and 38 is a frame of the glass plate 36. Water drips from the notch at 39<38. 40 is a support for glass wall <38 which is lowered from glass wall <35 on the roof.

FIG. 16 is a plan view of the water guiding glass plate 36 when seven parts of the roof of the greenhouse 3 are removed.

The apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 13, 14, and 15 is
This is necessary in the case of a greenhouse 3 that directly straddles seawater 2. This is because if the water condensed in greenhouse 3 fell onto seawater 2, it would be wasted. Therefore, there is no need for it in the greenhouse 3 which does not directly span the seawater 2. The water vapor inside the greenhouse 3, which is built on the ground, is absorbed by the glass plate 34. Free from condensation on glass <35. Point Ka, Ra drop T
f! match.

[Effect]

Since the present invention has the above configuration, its operation will be explained next.

■ Greenhouse There is a method of condensing water vapor in the atmosphere inside a greenhouse on the surface of a greenhouse structure, such as a metal frame or glass, and collecting the condensed water in a container, as shown in Figure 1 of [Prior Art]. As explained.

However, this method is difficult to apply in deserts.

One reason is that there is no water to evaporate in deserts. Even if there is water to evaporate and condensed water is obtained.

Reason 2. If that water is sprinkled on a desert, the thickness of the water is 100
This is because the water on the surface is evaporated by the scorching heat of the sun, while being sucked in by the sand that is more than 1000 feet thick. Therefore, even if water is obtained using the method shown in Figure 1, plants will not grow there. Therefore, deserts cannot be turned into agricultural land.

The present invention aims to make this possible; first, in order to secure water [Means for solving the problem] 1. Close,
They built greenhouses that spanned seawater on the coast or in canals, and blocked the water vapor from evaporating from the seawater from escaping outside the greenhouse.

In consideration of planting trees in the greenhouse group 3 in the future, the roof 7
Let's assume that the average height is 20m.

This desert area has a large temperature difference between day and night. The temperature during the day is 4
It would be nice to say 0℃ and 20℃ at night, but there are many places where the difference is even greater. The temperature inside the greenhouse is naturally higher than the outside air, so the temperature inside the greenhouse is 50 [
Try closing it.

When 50U1 humidity is 80C, the moisture contained in 1A is 65.
5 &. At 20U and 80% humidity, the water content in 177Zj is 13.730, so 65.5! ? −
13,7,17=51.8J? of water can be obtained from 1 m'. The average height is 20771, so 51.8 x 2
0 = 10369 water. If you sprinkle this water over 1 meter, it will only become about 1 meter thick.

However, if we consider this from another perspective, in the equatorial region,
The amount of heat received by 1 m of earth is a little less than IKW.This heat is also used to raise the temperature of seawater, so not all of it is used for water evaporation, but according to the results of the experiment introduced in Figure 1, 51
- The amount of water obtained in one day and night is over 72. That is equivalent to 7ws of rainfall. Also, the heat per 1 m' is a little less than 1 fissure, but if this is taken as 1 y, the amount of heat received from the sun during the day is at least 7 Wit/H (I K
iVH=860Kcal) K becomes.

In other words, the experimental value of just over 7-e is a reliable value.

Therefore, in order to isolate the atmosphere containing that much water vapor from the atmosphere outside the greenhouse, the greenhouse was equipped with an atmospheric isolation device that could be submerged in water.

This ensures that water is always available in the desert.

There are also 3 greenhouses and 5 skylights. By installing the ventilation window 6,
The CO2 necessary for plants can be introduced into the greenhouse. A greenhouse for planting plants.

This is a greenhouse installed on the ground adjacent to greenhouse 3 that spans seawater.

Moreover, the greenhouse 3 spanning the seawater 2 has the function of storing water in a reservoir 37 using the water guiding glass 36 shown in FIG. 13, and making it possible to use it as drinking water.

■ Canals It is a well-known idea to artificially change the climate by building canals in the desert, allowing seawater to pass through and generating water vapor. However, construction costs a huge amount of money. Another drawback is that sand carried by desert winds can cause the water in the canal to become shallower, so measures must always be taken to prevent this.

However, if the canal is used for a greenhouse, the cost of breeding will be small, and the canal will not be filled with sand.

And since Canal 1 was equipped with a water gate as mentioned above,
Seawater has the effect of always flowing. Therefore, seawater, which has a low vapor pressure and is easy to vaporize, can be used as a material.

■ Adjacent to Greenhouse 3, which spans uneven land and seawater. As mentioned above, it is meaningless if the condensed water falling from various parts of the roof 7 of the greenhouse 3, which is built on the ground, simply falls on the desert sand.

Therefore, the present invention creates unevenness 27.28 on land or sand,
A waterproof sheet 29 was placed over it to allow water to flow down, and a hole 30 was provided in the recess 27 to allow water to pass through. Therefore, condensed water is absorbed into the ground through the holes 30, and the waterproof sheet has the effect of preventing evaporation due to sunlight during the day. All that is required is to plant seeds of plants in the holes 30.

〔effect〕

Deserts are the earth's bulky waste. To turn bulky waste into resources, there is just one word, water. The present invention provided water to the desert as explained in the [Operation] section.

Therefore, the effect is ■If you live in a coastal area, you can get drinking water.

■In inland regions, it can provide drinking water and cover the wet land with greenery.

■It can provide a place to rest in the desert, where the temperature drops until nearly 0°C at night.

Things like this can be mentioned. The most important thing is that, although it costs money to build initially,
Since it uses energy from the ebb and flow of the tide, there are almost no running costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the principle of a known seawater evaporation device. Figure 2 is a diagram of the canal and greenhouse. Figure 3 is a bird's-eye view of a greenhouse installed on the coast. Figure 4 is a sketch of the canal. Figure 5 is a sketch of a canal with a dividing wall. Figures 6 and 7 are general views of a greenhouse with water gates. Figures 8 and 9 are sketches of the unevenness of the earth. Figures 10, 11, and 12 are structural diagrams of the greenhouse roof. Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the greenhouse roof. FIGS. 14 and 15 are a side view and a plan view, respectively, of the water-inducing glass plate. FIG. 16 is a plan view of the greenhouse 3 with the roof 7 removed. 1... Canal 3... Greenhouse 1'... Canal dam 4... Atmospheric barrier device 2... Seawater
5... Skylight 6... Ventilation window 7... Roof 8... Groove 9... Sea 10... Coastline 11... Structure 12... Hole 13 j-14... Opening Part 15i16...Sluice gate 17...Canal 18...Sluice gate 19...Partition wall 20121, 22...Sluice gate n...Horizontal axis 24...Sluice gate 25...Balance load 26...・Ground 27...Concavity 28...Protrusion 29...Waterproof sheet 30...Hole 31...Vertical ridge 32...Horizontal ridge 33...Roof valley 34...Glass Plate 35...Glass frame 36...Water guiding glass plate 37...Water reservoir 38...Glass plate frame 39...Cutout 40...Strut Figure 1 ¥3 Figure/Condolence G 7th m

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for converting a desert into agricultural land, which is characterized by providing a greenhouse with an atmospheric barrier device that spans the aqueous solution. 2. A method for converting desert into farmland, which is characterized by the installation of greenhouses spanning canals with water gates. 3. A method to turn desert into farmland, featuring greenhouses with water gates. 4. A method for converting a desert into farmland, which comprises providing uneven parts on the ground in the greenhouse according to claims 1, 2, and 3, and punching holes in the recessed parts of a waterproof sheet covering the ground. 5. A method for converting a desert into farmland, characterized in that a water drop guide plate is provided in the greenhouse according to claims 1, 2, and 3.