JPH04504548A - Tankers and their construction methods - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Tankers and their construction methods The present invention relates to a tanker with a double bottom and a vertical cylindrical cargo tank. present invention There is also a method for providing tankers with double bottoms and cylindrical cargo tanks. related.

The invention has application in connection with tankers of all sizes for chemicals/products. specifically intended for The inventive concept improves the engineering of cargo tank areas on such ships. related to technique and arrangement.

The conventional construction and conventional arrangement of the cargo tank area is IMO class I. [Double bottom for cargo and also double skin (hull sides), ski Flat steel plate with stiffener and frame or frame steel without stiffener Longitudinal of corrugated steel plate with frame sti-ffening vertical and lateral bulkheads, and the deck (above the tank) on its outer or tank side. From a tank arrangement with a stiffener and frame inside the top configured.

Also, spherical tanks designed to be integrated with the ship's hull, or Tankers with , which are designed as independent elements, are also known. cylindrical A tanker raising tanks, the tanks being supported within the foundation in the cargo tank area. It is also known to have a vertical tank, possibly in the cargo tank area. Also Also known are tankers having horizontal cylindrical tanks integrated into the hull.

Structurally such tankers are considered to be a type of double-walled tube. subordinate Therefore, the tank is extremely large and occupies most of the cross-sectional space of the ship. Inside Partitions are provided by planar or curved partitions.

It is an object of the invention to have a large number of independent tank spaces available and to Providing a tanker that is preferably internal or smooth to facilitate cleaning It is. These tanks should also form an integral element of the ship's structure. .

A particular object of the invention is to ship old ships, such as so-called OBO ships, bulk ships and By providing a tanker design that can be implemented in an advantageous manner for future tankers, be.

According to the invention, a double bottom and a vertical circle located in the space between the tank top and the deck A tanker having a cylindrical cargo tank, the cargo tank having a circular cross section. or have a cross section forming part of a circle and that the bottom and top of each cargo tank are flat. tank top and tank top, respectively, without creating stiffness below deck. Thus, it has been proposed that the device is characterized in that it constitutes an integrated member with the deck. It will be done.

According to such tankers, an advantageous division into a large number of relatively small tanks is achieved This is related to so-called parcel cargoes, which have different specific gravity. This is particularly advantageous. The tank also has a planar or smooth inner surface and therefore Cleaning is greatly facilitated. Also, the higher specific gravity of the load in cylindrical tanks The advantageous properties of the cylindrical shape which permit Regarding structure and dimensions, With more advantageous thickness of the material and absence of stiffeners and significantly reduced welding operations Improved economic efficiency is achieved.

In one advantageous embodiment, the tanks can be connected by bulkheads without stiffeners.

Therefore, an available outer tank area is provided between the cylindrical tanks. Said tank The areas are empty when the ship has cargo, or they have a ratio of less than 100. can be used for lighter loads than heavy loads, and they also resist cleaning. make it easier

The outer tank area between the cylindrical tanks is advantageously made from ordinary rope, but e.g. For example, so-called clad steel or so-called coated steel may be used if it is considered satisfactory. Can be used for cylindrical tanks if available. e.g. clad or coated steel The transition zone between steel grades is minimized by using Intergrade electrochemical corrosion is reduced. Electrochemical corrosion is associated with work and maintenance. This is an undesirable problem that arises over time.

As mentioned, the tank facilitates cleaning.

This is due to the absence of any kind of stiffening means in the tank area. Painting Area is minimized so that maintenance costs are minimized. Additionally, the tank Easy centralization of the washing machine is possible, in addition to load handling and tank This enables a rational and economical structure and work for maintenance. Between the cylindrical tanks The tank space is prismatic and is therefore also suitable for the central location of the cleaning machine and therefore The tank also facilitates cleaning.

vertical cylindrical tanks or cylinder sections joined by preferably planar bulkheads; Due to the special structure of the forming tank, the cargo tank can be constructed in a modular system. The parts that can be implemented and therefore used are practically the same and the production and installation It is economical in terms of In addition, the tank arrangement can be arranged according to the desired pattern in the plan view. may be modified to form a

The bottom and top of each tank are flat and are integrated with the tank top and deck, respectively. It is necessary to form a member with The flat top and bottom are respectively be adapted to the shape (slope, slope, etc.) of the deck or deck. It should be understood that it refers to The tank outer wall extends substantially perpendicular to the top and bottom. and butt welded to them. Overlapping should be avoided It is. Therefore, if the tank is to be welded along the circumference with the associated bottom Therefore, it is a tank tiger. Welding defects (such as cracks) are located between the bottom of the tank and the top of the tank. No l! III (probably between the top of the tank and the deck) and Such a leakage of cargo in the void would result, which is unacceptable.

It is also necessary that there be no stiffeners, ie not located below the deck. Special This is because separate bodies avoid hard intersections and crack indications between components. tank The top is a "clean" deck surface with all stiffeners located within the double bottom.

Directly below the deck the stiffener problem can be solved by arranging a double bottom or This can be solved by placing a stiffener above the deck.

Toward the side (skin) of the ship, a tank forming part of a circle, preferably semicircular tanks, are located so that the vertical tank outer wall edge is substantially towards the side of the ship. at right angles to the skin or adjacent to the frame by pure butt welding. and welded. Although it is possible to have the outer panel form part of the tank wall, , most often use separate vertical walls formed from plain steel parallel to the skin. It may be desirable or necessary to use

The hull is then designed with double skins, in which case the tank wall is an integral part of the inner skin. Most preferably, it forms a part. In this way, the clean and smooth inner surface of the fan within a circular tank, and obviously between circular tanks or as part of a circle. The same effect can be obtained in the tank space between tanks shaped like a sea urchin.

According to the invention, the hull body is built separately, with equipped and preformed tanks. It is also possible to be installed from. The cost of building a ship can thus be devalued, At the same time, the highest standards of performance are maintained. For example, chemical tankers This is the most important thing. Therefore, the hull itself can be built in a country where construction costs are low; It is then refurbished and tanked using more sophisticated techniques. It can be sent to a shipyard. Furthermore, the inventive concept is useful for chemicals/products such as carried out in connection with the conversion of a conventional tanker or bulk vessel to a high-performance tanker. obtain.

According to the invention, it is thus possible to provide a tanker with a double bottom and a cylindrical cargo tank. A method of constructing a ship in which the hull is completed with double skins and a double deck. , then having a circular or partially circular cross section and facing the height of the hold. a preformed tank outer wall having a reduced height is introduced into the hold of the hull; placed in the desired location on the double bottom and then lifted into contact with the deck. is secured to the deck, and then a preformed lower mating member is attached to the tank outer wall and tank top. and the tank outer wall and tank top to complete the tank. It is proposed to be characterized by being combined with.

In a particularly advantageous manner, the plate intended as the tank bottom plate is inserted into the above-mentioned are welded into each opening in the tank top before.

Openings are formed in the inner deck or deck, and preformed tank walls are or a fitted top plate of corresponding dimensions welded into each opening that is part of the inner deck. can be established.

The invention will be disclosed in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In these drawings There, Figure 1 shows a possible local arrangement plan for the cargo tank area on board the ship; Figure 2 shows other possible local arrangements for the cargo tank area and Figure 3 for tank introduction. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a double skin panel having an opening of FIG. 4 shows a cross-section based on a perspective view of a tanker according to the invention, FIG. 5 shows a cross-section corresponding to that of FIG. 4 with a modified tank top design; Figure 6 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tanker with unfixed tanks introduced for installation. and Figure 7 shows the tank in position just below the inner deck in the cargo tank area. Showing a cross section similar to that in Figure 6, Figure 8 shows a cross section similar to that of Figure 6 with the tank in place; Figure 9 shows the opening in the double skin panel closed and the fan-shaped tank installed in place against the inner skin panel. 3, showing the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. Figure 1θ is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional tanker, and Figure 11 is a vertical circular / The machinery of a ship, such as that shown in Figure 1O, waiting for the installation of a partially circular tank. Figure 13 shows a corresponding cross-section of the ship in Figure 12, waiting for tank installation after modification. show.

FIG. 1 shows the cargo tank area l on board a tanker. it is a top view and the tanker is shown as being provided with double skins 2, 3 and 4.5. be done.

In the cargo tank area l, a vertical cylindrical tank 6° 7.8 as well as a part of the cylinder A vertical tank 9-16 is arranged which forms a section. Each tank 6-16 is flat They are connected and reinforced relative to each other with the aid of partition walls 17-28.

Figure 2 shows cargo on board a ship equipped with double skins 30.31 and 32.33 respectively. Tank area 29 is shown. There are three vertical cylindrical tanks 34, 35, 36 exists. Furthermore, semi-cylindrical tanks 37-46 are present. of these tanks There is a planar reinforcement partition 47-62 in between.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that other arrangements of poly() are possible. In the construction of a car, the first step is to build a hull with a double bottom, double skins and double decks. It would be advantageous to build a tank and then install a tank. Such a hull 4 (see also FIG. 5).

The cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 7 represents the hull 63. An opening 68, see also FIG. 3, is formed in the double skin 65. will be accomplished.

As shown, the double skin 65 is designed with an outer skin 69 and an inner skin 70. It will be done. Waterproof frames 71, 72 are provided between these outer panels. Broken line in Figure 3 The opening 68 allows the tank 73 to be introduced therethrough, as shown in FIG. Dimensioned as permissible.

In Figure 4, the hull would probably be constructed from a common sea bream. In Figure 5 As far as that is concerned, the same hull as in Figure 4 has tank top 74. or stainless steel plate 75.76 with circular area and partially circular area welded in place amended in that it is provided with. The steel plate is, for example, a so-called clad steel. The plate, i.e. the cylindrical tank, has due regard to the cargo it is intended to hold. It is a rolled composite steel plate with different steel grades. Correspondingly, a circular opening and An open lower part 8 shaped like a circular section is made on the inner deck 77, see Figure 6. .

The installation of each individual tank in the modified hull, like that of Figure 5, ．． 5.6.7.8 and 9, discussed in more detail below. Ru.

The hull is prepared as shown in FIG. 5, i.e. double bottom 64, double skin 65. ．． 66 and a double deck 67 and an opening 68.

A circular plate of the same material as that used for the tank and forming part of the circle Plates 75,76 are welded into the tank top 74.

Tank outer wall 79 is introduced through opening 68 . The outer wall 79 is at the compartment height, i.e. The distance between tank top 74 and inner deck 77, reduced height when compared to and has a top plate 80 installed by welding.

This shortened tank member 79 is placed in a desired position, for example above the welded steel plate 76. , and transported in a manner suitable for.

In FIG. 6, tank member 76 is shown as being disposed on carriage 81. 6, and therefore it is the direction of the steel plate 76 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. It can be transferred upwards to its planned position in a relatively simple manner.

Temporary brackets 82, 83 are attached to the tank member 79. Tank member 7 9 is placed above the steel plate 76, the jacks 84 and 85 are placed above the tank top 74. placed on top. With the help of the jacks 84, 85, the tank member 79 is locked. It is lifted from the carriage 81 and the carriage is removed. Jyatsuki no Suke The tank member 79 is lifted to the position shown in FIG. Then the top plate 80 of the tank is welded into the open lower lower 8 as shown in FIG.

The jacks 84,85 are transferred and the fitted rings 86 are attached to the outer wall 79 and the tongue. and the tops 74 and 76. The ring 86 is attached to the outer wall 79 and the tank top. forming the bottom of a vertical cylindrical tank 79 which forms part of the pipe and is now welded. It is welded to a circular steel plate 76.

In this way, all tanks are placed on the hull and welded. In the end, the last A sector-shaped tank 87 is arranged as shown in FIG. It is closed by plates 88, 89 as shown in FIG. The bottom of tank 87 is tank It consists of a sector plate 75 that is welded to the top.

Between the vertical tanks, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and by bulkheads 90.91. The corresponding bulkheads shown in FIG. 9 are welded in place.

The local alignment and welding of the bulkhead is apparently successfully carried out in harmony with the installation of the tank. can be done.

Turn your existing tank or bulk vessel into a higher performance chemical/product tanker There will be special interest in retrofitting.

A first example of how this can be achieved through the use of the present invention. This is explained in the θ diagram, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, and FIG. 13.

FIG. 1O is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional tanker. The tanker is wing tank 1 00 and the central tank 101. Wing tank and center tank have vertical bulkhead 10 isolated by 2. The sturdy frames of the wing tanks and central tank are 103 and 104, respectively, and a longitudinal stiffener 105. on the inside of the hull side or skin lO6, on the inside of the bottom plate 107, on the bulkhead 102, and Shown below deck 108.

FIG. 11 shows how the tanker of FIG. 1O has a vertical cylindrical tank according to the invention. Shows how it can be modified for installation. Part of the frame was originally shaped like (indicated by the dashed line in Figure 1) is burnt out – often it is a heavily corroded area. It would be a matter of minutes - and the tank top 10 that brings up the combined stiffener 111 9 and an inner skin 110 are installed. The deck stiffener 105 is removed directly below. removed and the deck 108 is replaced with longitudinal stiffeners and rigid lateral stiffeners on the upper side. stiffener 113. In fact, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, The result is a new hull that is roughly equivalent to the one that was created. Then the previously described In the same manner as above, any desired vertical cylindrical tank can be installed.

A corresponding possible modification of the bulk ship is illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13. No. The bulk vessel shown at 121g has a tank top 114 and an inner skin 115. . The loading hatch is indicated at 116.

In FIG. 13 a cross-sectional view of the modified bulk carrier is shown. Inner skin 115 is now extended downwards to the double bottom 114, which also extends outward to the side of the ship. The original slanted wall 117 of the hold was removed. Hatch 116 was also removed, Instead, a deck 118 is formed which actually corresponds to the deck 108 of FIG. 811.

In this bulk ship, the hold has thus been removed and the cross section is more 11, 4 and 5, and thus have a cross section substantially the same as that of FIGS. 11, 4 and 5. can get. A tank can then be attached here. Tank outer wall through double skin plate and other tank components, one or more hatches is clearly available. Such a hatch is then used for tank installation and hold construction. It will simply be closed as soon as the equipment is completed.

The main body of the ship, namely the outer skin, double bottom and deck, are made from ordinary steel plates used for ships. However, it has been shown above that the vertical cylindrical tank can be made from any suitable material. was not shown or mentioned, but it will be understood that. tank preference Suitable materials are selected taking into account the intended cargo. most in this connection The materials used are, as mentioned above, well-known concepts in shipbuilding technology. These are so-called clad steels and coated steels. Similarly, stainless steel is also clearly It is a possible material.

Submission of Translation of Written Amendment Authorization Law Group Article 84, Class 7, October 1991, Ill E l, Display of patent application　PCT, /　N　O9Q　/　000673, Patent application Man Name (name) Albezen and Kompany, Aktiskabet corrected The scope of the claims [Original claim I was amended: other claims remain unchanged] 1. Double bottom and tank Vertical and circular in cross section located in the space between the top (74) and the deck (77) a tanker carrying a cylindrical cargo tank (79) shaped or partially circular; and the bottom (76) and top (80) of each of said tanks are flat and the front The tank top and the deck, respectively, without raising stiffeners below the deck. A tanker comprising an integrated member.

2. In the tanker described in claim 1, the tanker adjacent to the side of the ship Preferably, the tanks (74) forming part of a circle in cross section are characterized in that it extends at right angles towards the side of the ship with the edge of the vertical outer wall. tanker.

3. In the tanker described in claim 1 or 2, the hull is double-sided. an outer skin (69,89 near 0,88), and an inner skin (70,88) A tank ( 75) A tanker characterized in that it constitutes an integrated vertical wall.

4. To the tanker described in any one of Claims VB, paragraphs 1 to 3. The tanks (79, 87) can be connected by planar bulkheads (90, 91). A tanker characterized by.

5. The tanker described in any one of claims 1 to 4 tanker, characterized in that the tanks (79, 87) have comparable radii.

6. A double bottom and a circle described in any one of claims 1 to 5. In the method of constructing a tanker having a cylindrical cargo tank, the hull (63) Completed by double skins (65, 86) and double deck (67), then circular transverse having a cross section or a cross section forming part of a circle and decreasing relative to the height of the hold; A preformed tank outer wall (79, 87) with a height of , placed in the desired position on the double bottom (64) and then in contact with the deck (67). the preformed lower fitting member ( 86) is inserted between the tank outer wall and the tank top and completes the tank. The tanker is coupled to the tank outer wall and the tank top to How to build a.

7. In the method described in claim 6, the tank is installed before the introduction of the tank outer wall. A plate intended to constitute the bottom plate (76) of each of the tank tops (74) A method of constructing a tanker, characterized in that the tanker is welded into the opening of the tanker.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the opening (78) formed on the inner deck or deck (74) and a preformed tank outer wall (74); 9°87) are welded into each opening to form the inner deck or part of the deck. characterized in that it is provided with an associated correspondingly dimensioned top plate (80). How to build a tanker as a symbol.

Correction sound translation submission form (Special N group 84 &) 8> October 18, 1991 Country

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A double bottom and a drop located in the space between the tank top (74) and the deck (77). In a tanker having a right cylindrical cargo tank (79), the cargo tank is having a circular cross-section or a cross-section forming part of a circle; Each bottom (76) and top (80) are flat and have a stiffener below said deck. The tank top and the deck constitute an integrated member, respectively, without A tanker characterized by: 2. In the tanker described in claim 1, adjacent to the side of the ship. Tanks (74) forming part of a circle in cross section are preferably The tag is characterized in that it extends at right angles towards the side of the ship with the edge of the straight outer wall. Anker. 3. In the tanker described in claim 1 or 2, the hull is double-sided. an outer panel (69, 89; 70, 88), and an inner outer panel (70, 88) A tank ( 75) A tanker characterized in that it constitutes an integrated vertical wall. 4. In the tanker described in any one of claims 1 to 3, It is assumed that the tanks (79, 87) are connected by the planar bulkhead (90, 91). Characteristic tanker. 5. In the tanker described in any one of claims 1 to 4, A tanker characterized in that the tanks (79, 87) have comparable radii. 6. a double bottom and a cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 5; A method of constructing a tanker having a cargo tank of the form Completed by heavy skins (65, 66) and double deck (67), then circular transverse having a cross section forming a surface or part of a circle and decreasing relative to the height of the hold; A preformed tank outer wall (79, 87) having a height of placed in the desired position on the double bottom (64) and then in contact with the deck (67) is raised and secured to said deck, and then a preformed lower fitting member (8 6) is inserted between the tank outer wall and the tank top to complete the tank. A tanker characterized in that the outer wall of the tank and the tank top are combined for the purpose of How to build. 7. In the method set forth in claim 6, the tank is Each of the tank tops (74) has a plate intended to constitute the bottom plate (76). A method of building a tanker, characterized in that the tanker is welded into the opening of the tanker. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the opening (78) formed on the inner deck or deck (74) and a preformed tank outer wall (74); 9,87) are welded into each opening to form the inner deck or part of the deck. characterized in that it is provided with a correspondingly dimensioned hard plate (80) connected thereto. How to build a tanker as a symbol.