JPH044716B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH044716B2 JPH044716B2 JP58019314A JP1931483A JPH044716B2 JP H044716 B2 JPH044716 B2 JP H044716B2 JP 58019314 A JP58019314 A JP 58019314A JP 1931483 A JP1931483 A JP 1931483A JP H044716 B2 JPH044716 B2 JP H044716B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- pair
- electrodes
- heat
- insulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020968 MoSi2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
本発明は、例えばデイーゼルエンジン用予熱プ
ラグに用いて好都合なセラミツクヒータに関す
る。
The present invention relates to a ceramic heater suitable for use, for example, in a preheating plug for a diesel engine.
【従来の技術】
従来、この種のセラミツクヒータとしては、特
開昭54−84144号公報に記載されているごとく、
通電により発熱する耐熱セラミツク抵抗材料から
なるＵ字管構造の発熱体を具備しているものがあ
る。[Prior Art] Conventionally, this type of ceramic heater has been described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-84144,
Some devices are equipped with a U-shaped tube structure heating element made of a heat-resistant ceramic resistance material that generates heat when energized.
この従来公知のものは、熱容量が大き過ぎて速
熱性が得られず、着火が遅いという問題がある。
This conventionally known material has a problem that the heat capacity is too large, so that rapid heating cannot be achieved, and ignition is slow.
本発明は上記の問題を解決するため、電気絶縁
体と、この電気絶縁体の先端部に接合され、かつ
通電により発熱するセラミツク材料により構成し
た発熱体と、前記発熱体に接合され、かつ互いに
隣合うよう配置された一対の電極と、を具備し、
前記一対の電極の隣合う間には前記発熱体材料が
介在していて、該一対の電極間に通電した際には
該介在する発熱体材料を介して電流が該一対の電
極間に流れるよう構成したという技術的手段を採
用したものである。
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes an electrical insulator, a heating element made of a ceramic material that is bonded to the tip of the electrical insulator and generates heat when energized, and a heating element that is bonded to the heating element and mutually connected to each other. A pair of electrodes arranged next to each other,
The heating element material is interposed between the pair of adjacent electrodes, so that when electricity is applied between the pair of electrodes, a current flows between the pair of electrodes via the intervening heating element material. It adopted the technical means of configuring the system.
【実施例】
以下本発明を具体的実施例により詳細に説明す
る。まず、第１図および第２図ａ，ｂにおいて、
１は例えばAl2O3をベースにSi3N4を添加した材
料からなる電気絶縁体であり、棒状の形状を有し
ている。２は取付ハウジングである。
３は発熱体であり、例えばMoSi2とを混合した
材料から成つている。この発熱体３は電気絶縁体
１の先端に接合してある。４は例えばＷ，Moな
どの耐熱性金属より成る一対の電極をなすリード
であり、前記電気絶縁体１ならびに発熱体３の内
部に埋設してある。なお、発熱体３の内部で、リ
ード４，４は対向しており、その結果第１図およ
び第２図ｂのようにその隣合うリード４，４間に
は発熱体材料が介在している。５は耐熱性金属よ
り成るスリーブであり、電気絶縁体１の外周に図
示しないメタライズ層を介してろう付接合してあ
る。なお、スリーブ５と前記ハウジング２とはろ
う付接合してある。
前記リード４の一方はスリーブ５およびハウジ
ング２を介して電源例えば車載バツテリの負極に
接続されている。またリード４の他方は金属キヤ
ツプ６、Ni線７を介して中心電極８に接続され
ている。この中心電極８は電源、例えば車載バツ
テリの正極に接続される。
なお、図中９は電気絶縁リング、１０は耐熱ゴ
ム製シールリング、１１は電気絶縁ブツシユ、１
２は取付ナツトを示している。
上記構成において、次に作動を説明すると、上
記のごとくハウジング２、中心電極８を電源に接
続すると、電流は中心電極８→Ni線７→キヤツ
プ６→一方のリード４→発熱体３→他方のリード
４→スリーブ５→ハウジング２へと発熱体３を横
切る状態で流れ、リード４，４間に介在する発熱
体材料に電流が流れ、該発熱体材料が発熱し、そ
の熱が全体に伝達され、従つて発熱体３の全体が
発熱することになる。
ところで、第１図ならびに第２図ａ，ｂで示し
た電気絶縁体１、発熱体３の製造方法につき概略
を説明する。第３図および第４図において、第１
図、第２図ａ，ｂと同一符号は同一物を示す。絶
縁体１および発熱体３の生シートを複数枚用意す
る。各シートを第３図のごとく積層し、かつリー
ド４をシート間に配置する。この状態で積層シー
トの上、下方向より公知の低温ホツトプレス法に
よりプレスする。これにより、各シートは互いに
接着される。次に、これを高温高圧で焼成して緻
密とする。こうして得られたものを第４図に示
す。
次に、実験結果について説明をする。これは、
第４図に示す各寸法（単位はmm）を一定とし、発
熱体３の長さ（ｘmm）を変化させたときに800℃
に到達するまでの時間を測定したものである。そ
の結果を表１に示す。なお、表１では抵抗値を
0.13Ωに揃えるために、発熱体の組成割合を変え
てある。表１から理解されるごとく、発熱体の長
さが短いほど速熱性に優れることがわかる。一
方、従来タイプのもの、即ち前掲特開昭54−
84144号公報のもの（表１のNo.６）は800℃に到達
するまで2.5（sec）必要としており、速熱性が悪
い。
なお、表１の実験結果は、大気中、０℃の雰囲
気で行なつたものである。実験要領は、プラグ印
加電圧9.3Vと一定で行なつた。
第５図ａ，ｂは本発明の他の実施例を示すもの
である。この実施例では、発熱体３の端部を凸部
としたものである。なお、この実施例における発
熱体、電気絶縁体の製造方法は基本的には前述第
１図の実施例と同じである。
この第５図ａ，ｂにおける実施例の実験結果に
ついて述べると、表２のごとくである。なお、実
験要領などは表１と同じである。この結果は、第
５図ｂに示した各寸法（単位はmm）において、ｙ
の長さ寸法のみを変えて実験した結果である。
ところで、上記発熱体の凸部堆積イが発熱部体
積ロの1/2以下であれば、速熱性に支障をきたさ
ないことがわかつた。これは凸部の発熱が主に伝
熱によるものであると考えられ、発熱体部ロが加
熱される。従つて、熱引けと発熱量との関係か
ら、上記イをロの1/2以下にすれば、速熱性に影
響がない。[Examples] The present invention will be explained in detail below using specific examples. First, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a and b,
Reference numeral 1 denotes an electrical insulator made of, for example, a material based on Al 2 O 3 with Si 3 N 4 added, and has a rod-like shape. 2 is a mounting housing. 3 is a heating element, which is made of a material mixed with, for example, MoSi2 . This heating element 3 is joined to the tip of the electrical insulator 1. Reference numeral 4 denotes leads forming a pair of electrodes made of a heat-resistant metal such as W or Mo, and are buried inside the electric insulator 1 and the heating element 3. Note that inside the heating element 3, the leads 4, 4 face each other, and as a result, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2b, the heating element material is interposed between the adjacent leads 4, 4. . Reference numeral 5 denotes a sleeve made of heat-resistant metal, which is brazed to the outer periphery of the electrical insulator 1 via a metallized layer (not shown). Note that the sleeve 5 and the housing 2 are joined by brazing. One of the leads 4 is connected via the sleeve 5 and the housing 2 to the negative electrode of a power source, for example, a vehicle battery. The other end of the lead 4 is connected to a center electrode 8 via a metal cap 6 and a Ni wire 7. This center electrode 8 is connected to a power source, for example, the positive electrode of an on-vehicle battery. In the figure, 9 is an electrical insulating ring, 10 is a heat-resistant rubber seal ring, 11 is an electrical insulating bushing, and 1 is an electrically insulating ring.
2 indicates a mounting nut. In the above configuration, the operation will be explained next. When the housing 2 and the center electrode 8 are connected to the power source as described above, the current flows from the center electrode 8 → Ni wire 7 → cap 6 → one lead 4 → heating element 3 → the other lead. The current flows across the heating element 3 from the lead 4 to the sleeve 5 to the housing 2, the current flows through the heating element material interposed between the leads 4, 4, the heating element material generates heat, and the heat is transmitted to the entire body. Therefore, the entire heating element 3 generates heat. By the way, a method for manufacturing the electric insulator 1 and heating element 3 shown in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2a and 2b will be briefly explained. In Figures 3 and 4, the first
The same reference numerals as in the figures and FIGS. 2a and 2b indicate the same parts. A plurality of raw sheets of the insulator 1 and the heating element 3 are prepared. The sheets are stacked as shown in FIG. 3, and the leads 4 are placed between the sheets. In this state, the laminated sheet is pressed from above and below by a known low-temperature hot pressing method. This allows each sheet to be adhered to each other. Next, this is fired at high temperature and pressure to make it dense. The resultant product is shown in FIG. Next, the experimental results will be explained. this is,
When each dimension (unit: mm) shown in Fig. 4 is kept constant and the length (xmm) of the heating element 3 is changed, the temperature rises to 800℃.
This is the measurement of the time it takes to reach . The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, in Table 1, the resistance value is
In order to match the resistance to 0.13Ω, the composition ratio of the heating element was changed. As understood from Table 1, it can be seen that the shorter the length of the heating element, the better the heating rate. On the other hand, the conventional type, that is, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Publication No.
The one disclosed in Publication No. 84144 (No. 6 in Table 1) requires 2.5 (sec) to reach 800°C, and has poor heating speed. Note that the experimental results shown in Table 1 were conducted in the atmosphere at 0°C. The experimental procedure was to keep the plug applied voltage constant at 9.3V. Figures 5a and 5b show another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the end of the heating element 3 is a convex portion. The method of manufacturing the heating element and electric insulator in this embodiment is basically the same as that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 above. The experimental results of the example shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b are as shown in Table 2. Note that the experimental procedures are the same as in Table 1. This result shows that for each dimension (unit: mm) shown in Figure 5b, y
This is the result of an experiment by changing only the length dimension. By the way, it has been found that if the convex portion accumulation A of the heat generating element is 1/2 or less of the volume L of the heat generating part, there is no problem in rapid heating performance. This is thought to be because the heat generated by the convex portion is mainly due to heat transfer, and the heating element portion B is heated. Therefore, from the relationship between heat sink and calorific value, if the above (a) is set to 1/2 or less of (b), there will be no effect on the rapid heating performance.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
なお、本発明は上述の各実施例に限定されるも
のではなく、次のごとく種々の変形が可能であ
る。
(1) 電気絶縁体１、発熱体３の材料は種々のもの
が考えられる。また、両者の接合を、複数の凹
凸嵌合で行なつてもよい。
(2) 電気絶縁体１、発熱体３の外観形状は直方体
形状であるが、円柱形状であつてもよい。
(3) リード４は板状の他に線状でもよい。あるい
は薄膜状でもよい。
(4) 用途としては、デイーゼルエンジンの予熱プ
ラグの他に、暖房機の燃焼装置にも適用可能で
ある。[Table] Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications can be made as follows. (1) Various materials can be used for the electrical insulator 1 and the heating element 3. Furthermore, the two may be joined by fitting with a plurality of projections and recesses. (2) Although the electrical insulator 1 and the heating element 3 have a rectangular external appearance, they may also have a cylindrical shape. (3) The lead 4 may have a linear shape instead of a plate shape. Alternatively, it may be in the form of a thin film. (4) In addition to preheating plugs for diesel engines, it can also be used in combustion equipment for heaters.
以上要するに、本発明によれば、一対の電極の
隣合う間に電気発熱体材料を介在した構成である
から、従来のＵ字管形状の発熱体に比べて一対の
電極間の距離を短くでき、その一対の電極間に介
在した電気発熱体材料部分の熱容量を小さくでき
る。このため、該電気発熱体の速熱性を向上でき
る。
In summary, according to the present invention, since the electric heating element material is interposed between a pair of adjacent electrodes, the distance between the pair of electrodes can be shortened compared to a conventional U-tube-shaped heating element. , the heat capacity of the electric heating element material interposed between the pair of electrodes can be reduced. Therefore, the heating speed of the electric heating element can be improved.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す断面図、第２
図ａ，ｂは第１図の要部を拡大して示すもので、
第２図ａは平面図、第２図ｂは正面図、第３図は
第１図の要部構造の製造過程に供する組付説明斜
視図、第４図ａは第３図の製造部品を示す斜視
図、第４図ｂは第４図ａの側面図、第５図ａは本
発明の他の実施例を示す断面図、第５図ｂは第５
図ａの要部拡大図である。
１……電気絶縁体、３……発熱体、４……リー
ド。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Figures a and b are enlarged views of the main parts of Figure 1.
Fig. 2a is a plan view, Fig. 2b is a front view, Fig. 3 is an explanatory perspective view of the assembly for the manufacturing process of the main structure of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4a is a diagram showing the manufactured parts of Fig. 4b is a side view of FIG. 4a, FIG. 5a is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5b is a side view of FIG.
It is an enlarged view of the main part of figure a. 1... Electric insulator, 3... Heating element, 4... Lead.
Claims (1)
けられ、かつ通電により発熱するセラミツク材料
により構成した発熱体と、前記発熱体に接合さ
れ、かつ互いに隣合うよう配置された一対の電極
と、を具備し、前記一対の電極の隣合う間には前
記発熱体材料が介在していて、該一対の電極間に
通電した際には該介在する発熱体材料を介して電
流が該一対の電極間に流れるよう構成したことを
特徴とするセラミツクヒータ。 ２ 前記発熱体は前記絶縁体の前記先端部に接合
されており、該発熱体の接合端部が平面もしくは
凸部となつている特許請求の範囲第１項記載のセ
ラミツクヒータ。[Scope of Claims] 1. An electrical insulator, a heating element provided at the tip of the electrical insulator and made of a ceramic material that generates heat when energized, and joined to the heating element and arranged adjacent to each other. a pair of electrodes, the heating element material is interposed between the pair of electrodes adjacent to each other, and when electricity is applied between the pair of electrodes, the heating element material is passed through the intervening heating element material. A ceramic heater characterized in that the ceramic heater is configured such that a current flows between the pair of electrodes. 2. The ceramic heater according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is joined to the tip of the insulator, and the joining end of the heating element is a flat surface or a convex portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1931483A JPS59143292A (en) | 1983-02-07 | 1983-02-07 | Ceramic heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1931483A JPS59143292A (en) | 1983-02-07 | 1983-02-07 | Ceramic heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59143292A JPS59143292A (en) | 1984-08-16 |
| JPH044716B2 true JPH044716B2 (en) | 1992-01-29 |
Family
ID=11995947
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1931483A Granted JPS59143292A (en) | 1983-02-07 | 1983-02-07 | Ceramic heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59143292A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59219887A (en) * | 1983-05-27 | 1984-12-11 | 株式会社デンソー | Ceramic heater |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5958773A (en) * | 1982-09-28 | 1984-04-04 | 株式会社デンソー | Ceramic heater unit |
| JPH0241876A (en) * | 1988-07-28 | 1990-02-13 | Mita Giken:Kk | Finding spherical elastic grindstone |
-
1983
- 1983-02-07 JP JP1931483A patent/JPS59143292A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5958773A (en) * | 1982-09-28 | 1984-04-04 | 株式会社デンソー | Ceramic heater unit |
| JPH0241876A (en) * | 1988-07-28 | 1990-02-13 | Mita Giken:Kk | Finding spherical elastic grindstone |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59143292A (en) | 1984-08-16 |
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