JPH0446035A - Glaze composition - Google Patents
Glaze compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0446035A JPH0446035A JP15655590A JP15655590A JPH0446035A JP H0446035 A JPH0446035 A JP H0446035A JP 15655590 A JP15655590 A JP 15655590A JP 15655590 A JP15655590 A JP 15655590A JP H0446035 A JPH0446035 A JP H0446035A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- zno
- glaze
- mgo
- compsn
- optional components
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910011255 B2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Inorganic materials [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018626 Al(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001447918 Baoris Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEDMRZGFZIAGGB-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium carbonate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]C([O-])=O LEDMRZGFZIAGGB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明に、低熱伝４″４で、１卆性、耐熱性、表面平滑
性セラミック基板とのマンナング性に優れ次グレーズ組
成物に関し、ファクシミリ、サーマルプリンター ビデ
オグリンター等のサーマルヘッド等、電子材料に好適に
利用される。Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Field of Application" The present invention relates to a glaze composition with low heat conductivity of 4"4, one-volume property, heat resistance, and excellent manning properties with a smooth surface ceramic substrate. It is suitably used for electronic materials such as thermal heads of thermal printers, video printers, etc.
「従来の技術」
最近のファクシミリプリンターの高速化、小型化、省電
力化に対応して、サーマルヘッドも１％速化、小型化が
要求されている。従来、この要求を７ｋｆｔ丁九めにサ
ーマルヘッドの形状や制御デバイスに工夫がな嘔ｆてき
念が、セフミック基板に施されるグレーズを低塵伝導化
することにより、省エネルギー印字や印字＃度の同一化
を可能とし、印字＃度に関係する１１御デバイスの簡略
化２通じて上記の要求全蔦次丁ことも可能である。従っ
て、ψ１えば、Ｓ ｉ０２− ＢａＯ−ＡｂＯｘ糸の低
熱伝導率グレーズ組成物（特開昭５９−８６３８号公報
）が知らｎている。``Conventional Technology'' In response to recent advances in speed, miniaturization, and power saving of facsimile printers, thermal heads are also required to be 1% faster and smaller. In the past, it was difficult to meet this requirement in terms of the shape of the thermal head and the control device, but by making the glaze applied to the cefmic substrate less conductive, energy-saving printing and a higher number of prints were achieved. It is also possible to achieve all of the above requirements through the simplification of 11 devices related to the printing frequency and the sameness. Therefore, for example, a low thermal conductivity glaze composition of Si02-BaO-AbOx yarn (JP-A-59-8638) is known.
「発明が解決しようとする１１Ｌ題」
しかし、耐熱性や基板とのマノナング性を劣化させるこ
となく、無アルカリ、１Ｉｉｌｉｌｉ鉛で従来工り一１
熱伝導率の低いグレーズ組成物の出現が望まｎている。"Problem 11L that the invention attempts to solve" However, without deteriorating the heat resistance or the bonding properties with the substrate, the conventional process using no alkali and 1Iili lead could be solved.
The emergence of glaze compositions with low thermal conductivity is desired.
不発明は、このよりな＊Ｍ’ｒ：、遍成すること全目的
とする。Non-invention is based on this *M'r:, and its entire purpose is to become omnipresent.
ｒｓ、題を解決する手段」
その手段は、グレーズの組成を、重量基準でＢａ０３５
〜５０％、５ｉ０２２５〜４３％、ＡｈＯｓ ８〜１０
％、ＣａＯ２〜８％及び８２０３２〜９％とするところ
にある。ま念、これら必須成分の他に選択成分としてＭ
ｇＯ２，５％以下、ＳｒＯ１０ ％以下、ＺｎＯ１０％
以下、Ｙ２Ｏ３１０％以下、Ｌａ２０１１０％以下、Ｚ
ｒＯ２１０％以下及びＴｉ０２１５チ以下のうちから選
ばｎる一種以上を含有させるところにある。rs, a means to solve the problem.'' The means is to change the composition of the glaze to Ba035 on a weight basis.
~50%, 5i0225~43%, AhOs 8~10
%, CaO2-8% and 82032-9%. Please note that in addition to these essential ingredients, M is an optional ingredient.
gO2, 5% or less, SrO 10% or less, ZnO 10%
Below, Y2O3 10% or less, La20110% or less, Z
One or more selected from rO2 10% or less and Ti0215% or less are contained.
「作用」
ＢａＯｒｉ、グレーズの熱伝導率を低下させるものであ
るが、３５％に満たないとその作用に乏しく、５０チを
越えると熱膨張が過大となる。"Action" BaOri lowers the thermal conductivity of the glaze, but if it is less than 35%, its effect is poor, and if it exceeds 50%, thermal expansion becomes excessive.
ＳｉＯ２は、ガラス構造を形成するものであるが、２５
チＶＣｓ！ｉ之ないとガラス化困難で、４３％を越える
と熱伝導率が高くなる。Ａｌ２Ｏ３ｒｉ、５ｉ０２とと
もにガラス１１ａを形成するが、３％に瀾文ないと耐ｆ
Ｐ！性が低下し、１０％を越えると失透し易くなる。Ｃ
ａＯは、ＢａＯとの共存下でガラスを溶融し易くするが
、２チ禾満ではその作用に乏しく、８％を越えると失透
し易くなる。Ｂ２Ｏ３は、ガラス化と溶融を促進するが
、２チ未膚ではその作用に乏しく、９％を越えると１Ｉ
ｌＦｔ熱性の低下が著しい。SiO2 forms the glass structure, but 25
Chi VCs! If it is not present, it will be difficult to vitrify it, and if it exceeds 43%, the thermal conductivity will be high. Glass 11a is formed together with Al2O3ri and 5i02, but the f resistance is low unless there is a grain content of 3%.
P! If it exceeds 10%, devitrification tends to occur. C
AO facilitates melting of glass in the coexistence of BaO, but this effect is poor when the content is less than 2%, and when it exceeds 8%, devitrification tends to occur. B2O3 promotes vitrification and melting, but its effect is poor if it is not present, and if it exceeds 9%, it
1Ft fever is significantly reduced.
ＭｇＯは、少量の添加でグレーズ表面を平１１にするが
、２．５％を越えると失透傾向が強くなる。When MgO is added in a small amount, the surface of the glaze becomes flat 11, but if it exceeds 2.5%, there is a strong tendency for devitrification.
ＳｒＯ及びＺｎＯは、ガフス化動′ｆ！Ａを広げるが、
１０％を越えると失透し易くなる。ＹｚＯｓ 、Ｌａｔ
、ｓ及びＺｒＯｚは、少量の添加で耐熱性を同上さぞる
が、いずれも１０％を越えると失透傾向が強くなる。Ｔ
ｉＯ２は、ガラス化を促進し、＃８膨張を低くするが、
１５％を越えると失透傾向が傾くなる。SrO and ZnO undergo gaffing movement'f! Expand A, but
If it exceeds 10%, devitrification tends to occur. YzOs, Lat
, s, and ZrOz improve heat resistance when added in small amounts, but if they exceed 10%, the tendency for devitrification increases. T
iO2 promotes vitrification and lowers #8 expansion, but
When it exceeds 15%, the tendency towards devitrification becomes more pronounced.
「！ｉ！施例」
浴Ｍ後に第１ｆ７ＺのＭＡ成となるようにＢａＣＯ５，
５ｉｆ２、Ａ ｌ （ＯＨ）ｓ、ＣａＣＯ５、ＨａＢＯ
３，ＭｇＣＯ３、ＳｒＣＯ３、ＺｎＱ、ＹｚＯｓ 、Ｌ
ａ２Ｏ３、ＺｒＯｚ及びＴｉＯ２を秤量し、フイカイ機
にて混合し、白金・ロジウムるつぼ中湿度１３００〜ｌ
５００ ’Ｃで溶融し１債、水中に投下してガラス化
し、アルミナ製ボールミルで微粉砕して本発明グレーズ
組成？！１Ｎａ１〜−７を＃造し次。ま九、比較の次め
て本発明グレーズＭ成吻と同礪の手順を経てグレーズ岨
吠物−７とへ８を構造し九。"!i!Example" After bath M, BaCO5,
5if2, Al(OH)s, CaCO5, HaBO
3, MgCO3, SrCO3, ZnQ, YzOs, L
Weigh a2O3, ZrOz, and TiO2, mix them in a mechanical machine, and heat them in a platinum/rhodium crucible at a humidity of 1300 to 1000 liters.
The glaze composition of the present invention is obtained by melting the bond at 500'C, dropping it into water, vitrifying it, and pulverizing it in an alumina ball mill. ! 1Na1 to -7 were prepared and then prepared. 9. Next, following the comparison, glaze M-7 and 8 were constructed using the same procedure of the present invention.
／ ／ ／ 上記グレー ズ組酸物嶌 〜磁８の不荷性を測 定し次結果全第２表に示す。/ / / gray above Zugumi acid island ～Measuring the unloading property of magnetic 8 The results are shown in Table 2.
第 表 注 屈伏点 屈伏点は、 浴融ガフス塊？φ５ ｗｍ Ｘぶ Ｏ閣に加工し、 熱質菫分析における膨張− 線が頂点と々る温度とじ九。No. table note yield point The yielding point is Bath melted gaff mass? φ5 wm Xbu Processed into O-kaku, Expansion in thermal violet analysis The temperature at which the line reaches the top.
注２）軟化点
軟化点は、水差準分析における第２＃目の吸熱ヒータに
相当する温度とした。Note 2) Softening point The softening point was the temperature corresponding to the #2 endothermic heater in the water difference semi-analysis.
注３）４１１！ｔｉ数
斜影張係数は、墾質量分析における８０°Ｃから４００
″Ｃまでのｆ？！ＩＩ張差よジ求め几。Note 3) 411! Ti number gradient coefficient is 400 from 80°C in deep mass spectrometry.
``F to C?! II I'm looking for the difference.''
注４）鼾Ｉ率
隼伝４″４Ａに、＠融ガラス塊をφ９輯×ｔＬ ｗｓ
Ｉｃ ７ＸＩ工し、レーザーパルス法による３０゛Ｃに
おける値とじ九。Note 4) Add @ molten glass lump to φ9 yen x tL ws
Ic 7XI machined and the value at 30°C by laser pulse method.
この結果から、本発明グレーズ組ＩＥ物は、いずれも屈
伏点７００″Ｃ以上、軟化点８０００以上であり、高温
グレーズとしての１耐熱性を有し熱伝導率ｎ １．７
Ｘ Ｉ ＯｃａｉａＩｌ／ｓｅｃ’ｃ以下であることが
判っ九。From this result, the glaze combination IE products of the present invention all have a yield point of 700''C or higher, a softening point of 8000 or higher, have a heat resistance of 1 as a high-temperature glaze, and have a thermal conductivity of n 1.7.
It was found that it was less than X I Ocaia Il/sec'c.
次に上記グレーズ組成物述１〜磁１０をそれぞれエナル
セルローズ系バインダーと？昆合してペーストとし、ア
ルミナ基板（Ａｌ２Ｏ３含有＄９９１．１％、大きさ５
０ Ｘ５０ Ｘ Ｏ，６３５■）に鐵布し、温度１１０
０〜１２５０“Ｃで９ｉ！！成して、ググレーズ厚み３
０〜４０μｍのグレーズドセラミック基板とし九。本発
明グレーズ組成例階１〜磁８を塗布し炭成し之グレーズ
ドセラミック基板のソリ、引けは、比較用グレーズ組成
物隘９、磁１０を塗布し７ｔものと同程度でるつ之。Next, each of the above glaze compositions 1 to 10 is combined with an enal cellulose binder. Combine it to make a paste and paste it on an alumina substrate (Al2O3 content $991.1%, size 5
0 x 50 x O, 635 ■), temperature 110
9i!! at 0-1250"C, Google Glaze thickness 3
9. A glazed ceramic substrate of 0 to 40 μm. The warpage and shrinkage of the glazed ceramic substrates coated with the glaze compositions of Examples 1 to 8 of the present invention and carbonized were comparable to those of the 7t glaze compositions coated with the comparative glaze compositions 9 and 10.
「発明の効果」
耐勢性及び表面平滑性を損うことなく、低熱伝導率のグ
レーズ組成物を得ることができる。"Effects of the Invention" A glaze composition with low thermal conductivity can be obtained without impairing stress resistance and surface smoothness.
特許呂顧大 日本特殊陶業株式会社 代表者 鈴 木 亭 −Patent Rogoda Nippon Tokushu Tokugyo Co., Ltd. Representative Suzuki Tei -
Claims (1)
％、Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３３〜１０％、ＣａＯ２〜８％及びＢ
＿２Ｏ＿３２〜９％を必須成分とし、これに選択成分と
してＭｇＯ２．５％以下、ＳｒＯ１０％以下、ＺｎＯ１
０％以下、Ｙ＿２Ｏ＿３１０％以下、Ｌａ＿２Ｏ＿３１
０％以下、ＺｒＯ＿２１０％以下及びＴｉＯ＿２１５％
以下のうちから選ばれる一種以上を含有することを特徴
とするグレーズ組成物。BaO35-50%, SiO_225-43 by weight
%, Al_2O_33-10%, CaO2-8% and B
_2O_32~9% is an essential component, and optional components include MgO2.5% or less, SrO10% or less, ZnO1
0% or less, Y_2O_3 10% or less, La_2O_31
0% or less, ZrO_210% or less and TiO_215%
A glaze composition characterized by containing one or more selected from the following.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2156555A JP2724509B2 (en) | 1990-06-14 | 1990-06-14 | Glaze composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2156555A JP2724509B2 (en) | 1990-06-14 | 1990-06-14 | Glaze composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0446035A true JPH0446035A (en) | 1992-02-17 |
| JP2724509B2 JP2724509B2 (en) | 1998-03-09 |
Family
ID=15630357
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2156555A Expired - Fee Related JP2724509B2 (en) | 1990-06-14 | 1990-06-14 | Glaze composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2724509B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04149039A (en) * | 1990-10-08 | 1992-05-22 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Glaze composition |
| US5858895A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1999-01-12 | Hoya Corporation | Heat-resistant glass |
| JP2002362937A (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-18 | Kyocera Corp | Glass composition, glass sintered compact and wiring board obtained by using the sintered compact |
| EP2053026A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-29 | Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council | Sealing material for solid oxide fuel cells |
| US8012895B2 (en) * | 2007-09-04 | 2011-09-06 | Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research Atomic Energy Council, Executive Yuan | Sealing material for solid oxide fuel cells |
| WO2014017610A1 (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-01-30 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Glass for coating metal substrate and metal substrate having glass layer attached thereto |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58104043A (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-06-21 | コ−ニング・グラス・ワ−クス | Glass ceramic for metal substrate and manufacture |
| JPS6389435A (en) * | 1986-10-02 | 1988-04-20 | モベイ・コーポレーシヨン | Enamel composition and substrate coated therewith |
| JPH0193438A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-04-12 | Ferro Corp | Thick film base composition using together with aluminum nitride base material |
-
1990
- 1990-06-14 JP JP2156555A patent/JP2724509B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58104043A (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-06-21 | コ−ニング・グラス・ワ−クス | Glass ceramic for metal substrate and manufacture |
| JPS6389435A (en) * | 1986-10-02 | 1988-04-20 | モベイ・コーポレーシヨン | Enamel composition and substrate coated therewith |
| JPH0193438A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-04-12 | Ferro Corp | Thick film base composition using together with aluminum nitride base material |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04149039A (en) * | 1990-10-08 | 1992-05-22 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Glaze composition |
| US5858895A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1999-01-12 | Hoya Corporation | Heat-resistant glass |
| JP2002362937A (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-18 | Kyocera Corp | Glass composition, glass sintered compact and wiring board obtained by using the sintered compact |
| US8012895B2 (en) * | 2007-09-04 | 2011-09-06 | Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research Atomic Energy Council, Executive Yuan | Sealing material for solid oxide fuel cells |
| EP2053026A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-29 | Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council | Sealing material for solid oxide fuel cells |
| WO2014017610A1 (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-01-30 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Glass for coating metal substrate and metal substrate having glass layer attached thereto |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2724509B2 (en) | 1998-03-09 |
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