JPH0443617B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to feed for adult chickens. [Prior art] Typical conventional feed for adult chickens consists of an appropriate mixture of 64 wt% grains, 14 wt% vegetable oil meal, 9 wt% animal feed, 5 wt% grains, and 8 wt% other ingredients. Protein 1wt% or more, metabolic energy
The total content has been adjusted to be over 2800kcal/kg. The raw materials used for each ingredient include maize and milo as grains, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, sesame meal, corn gluten meal, and corn jammeal as vegetable oil meal, and gluten flour as grains. Eid, rice bran oil cake, alcohol fermentation by-products, and bran are used, and other ingredients include calcium carbonate, corn steep liquor, animal fat, salt, calcium phosphate, and alpha-alpha meal. Maize for feed, which is used as a grain ingredient, is made by grinding the grains separated from the corn cob.
Maize (raw grain) that passes through a sieve with a mesh size of 2.83 m/m is used. What remains on the sieve during this sieving is called maize residue, and contains a large amount of the integrated portion of the germ and basal part of the corn grain and the seed coat that covers the grain. Thus, the term "maize residue" hereinafter refers to a by-product obtained during the dry production process of ground corn, and is distinguished from corn gluten meal, which is a by-product obtained during the wet production process of corn starch. This maize residue includes those obtained in the feed manufacturing process and those obtained as a by-product of the dry milling process to produce corn grits, cornmeal, corn flour, and the like. The latter by-product is particularly referred to as hominid feed. Since this maize residue contains a hard base, it is thought that it may reduce the palatability of chickens and is difficult to digest. Also, due to its external shape, if it is added to feed, the whole feed becomes bulky. Fragmented and unsightly, reducing product value;
Most of the items were disposed of due to this reason. Therefore, maize residue has never been used alone in large amounts in feed for adult chickens, and has only been re-ground and used partially in feed. [Problems to be solved by the invention] From a nutritional perspective, maize residue contains approximately 40% of the germ that remains attached to the base. In comparison, it has a particularly high content of beneficial components such as crude fat, crude fiber, vitamins, minerals, and linoleic acid, and its effective utilization has been a problem. On the other hand, in adult chickens fed conventional feed, although there are some differences depending on the breed, problems include the occurrence of loose stools and a decrease in how unit (a value calculated from the weight of the egg and the height of the egg white). Both of these become serious problems during the high temperatures of summer. The problem of loose stools is a major factor that puts pressure on poultry farming operations, such as deterioration of the poultry house environment due to the generation of ammonia gas, bad odors, and pollution caused by flies. Until now, there have been very few studies on how to prevent loose stools in adult chickens from the perspective of feed, and the use of salt in feed
Prevention of this problem by reducing the amount of water intake has been considered by reducing the Na content, but no clear effects have been reported. In addition, the number of units is an indicator of the freshness of eggs, and a decrease in these values lowers the commercial value of eggs. Furthermore, when maize residue is re-ground, it becomes more powdered and is separated into the powder part, the germ, and the basal part, but since chickens tend to eat only the germ part, the powder part and the basal part are separated. Another problem is that they tend to remain. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and by incorporating maize residue into feed, it is possible to effectively utilize maize residue, and also to prevent loose stools in adult chickens, and to improve and reduce the how unit of chicken eggs. The aim is to provide feed for adult chickens that has a suppressive effect. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that maize residue is blended as a grain component of the feed. The maize residue at this time may be maize residue (hominid feed) produced from a dry milling process. In the present invention, when adult chickens were experimentally fed a feed using maize residue instead of the grain ingredients (maize, milo) in conventional feed for adult chickens, the amount of feed intake improved, contrary to conventional thinking. It is clearly drier compared to the feces of conventional adult chicken feed, the vitality of adult chickens is increased, the number of eggs produced is clearly improved, and its decline is clearly suppressed. It was completed based on the knowledge of the following. Maize residue and maize (original grain), which is conventionally used as a grain ingredient, are not much different in terms of nutritional content, as is clear from the component analysis values shown in Table 1. Even if it is used as a substitute for other ingredients and the other ingredients are used in conventional feeds, there is no risk of the nutritional balance being disrupted. Rather, maize residue contains more crude fat, crude fiber, vitamins, minerals, and linoleic acid than maize (source grain), and is useful as a feed ingredient.

[Table] It is preferable to use maize residue in a coarse-grained state. This takes advantage of the chicken's habit of picking and eating grains, and since the germ remains attached to the base when the grain is coarse, the chickens can also eat the base depending on their taste for the germ. This is because it does not reduce feed intake. [Example] A test feed (feed of the present invention) uses maize residue in place of grains (maize, milo) in a normal feed for adult chickens (control feed). Table 2 shows the formulation contents of the feed of the present invention and the control feed, and Table 3 shows the ingredients. The evaluation of the feed is determined by the values of two factors, crude protein and metabolic energy, and as shown in Table 3, the content of each feed was adjusted so that the crude protein of these two factors was the same.

【table】

【table】

[Table] 600 Shaver chickens were used for 448 days (24-64 weeks old) from December 10, 1985 to September 22, 1961.
The chickens were divided into two groups: a group fed with normal adult chicken feed (control group) and a group fed with the feed of the present invention (test group), and a comparative test was conducted with 300 chickens in each group. As a result, the effect of preventing loose stools was observed in the test plots as described below. Additionally, as a side effect, improved egg quality (how unit) and enhanced nutritional content of chicken eggs were observed. Regarding the spawning results of the control plot and the test plot, as shown in Table 7 below, the test plot was superior in egg production rate, average egg amount, and daily egg production. However, because the test plot had a large amount of feed intake, the feed conversion rate was slightly inferior. The following is an explanation based on data. (1) Prevention of loose stools We measured the water content of adult chicken feces, especially during the summer when loose stools are a problem. The water content of feces usually varies considerably depending on sampling and other measurement methods, but based on past reports, the water content of soft stool is thought to be 80-83% or more. As shown in Table 4, the feces of the control feed were clearly judged to be soft based on the water content and visual observation, but the feces of the present invention were considered normal stools, and the water content was 10% higher than that of the target feed. % less. Furthermore, when the feces were left in the chicken house for one week, the feed of the present invention dried faster and there was a 30% difference in water content. As described above, the feed of the present invention was clearly shown to be more effective in preventing loose stools than the control feed.

【table】

[Table] (2) Regarding egg quality Improving egg quality (how unit) Of the egg quality of chicken eggs, how unit is generally used as an indicator to express the freshness. It is known that the number of hens decreases seasonally in the summer and in the later stages of egg laying (older hens). As shown in Table 5, the results of the egg quality (how unit) investigation showed that in the early spawning period (up to 44 weeks of age), there was no significant difference in how units between the feed of the present invention and the control feed. However, in the summer, after 48 weeks of age towards the late stage of spawning, the feed of the present invention clearly had a higher How Unit value.

[Table] Enrichment of nutritional components of chicken eggs As shown in Table 6, the egg analysis results showed that eggs fed with the feed of the present invention clearly had higher values of vitamin E, linoleic acid, and pantothenic acid than those fed with the control feed.

[Table] Furthermore, the feed intake of the feed of the present invention was higher than that of the control feed (see Table 7).

[Table] [Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the feed for adult chickens of the present invention, maize residue can be blended into the feed and used effectively, and at the same time, it is possible to prevent loose stools in adult chickens. In addition, it is possible to improve egg quality (how unit) and strengthen the nutritional components of chicken eggs.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A feed for adult chickens, characterized in that it contains maize residue as a grain component. 2. The feed for adult chickens according to claim 1, wherein the maize residue is hominid feed.