JPH0441681Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Field of Application The present invention relates to an automobile retarder, and is particularly designed to obtain braking force using a generator using a rotor constituted by the engine's flywheel. Regarding automobile retarders.

〓Prior art〓 Retarders, which have been widely used in the past for braking automobiles, use eddy currents, which rotate a rotor in a magnetic field formed by a stator coil to generate eddy currents in the rotor. By generating an electric current, kinetic energy was converted into thermal energy. Such conventional eddy current type retarders have the disadvantage of being large in size and weight. Furthermore, since the rotor is provided with cooling fins, even when braking is not performed, the fins cause windage damage, resulting in a problem of worsening fuel efficiency.

In view of these problems, a retarder consisting of a generator has been proposed. This retarder is composed of, for example, an inductor type generator, and its rotor is also used as the flywheel of the engine, so that the retarder can be constructed compactly. However, when obtaining braking force using such a retarder, it is necessary to consume the electric power obtained as the generated output in some way, and conventionally it was converted into heat using a resistor. When this resistor is cooled by natural air, there is a problem in that the surface area of the resistor must be increased due to the small amount of airflow, and a large resistor must be used. On the other hand, when the resistor is cooled with water, the surface of the resistor is corroded by the water, resulting in a reliability problem.

〓Purpose of the invention〓 The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is an automobile in which the resistance consumed by the output of the generator that constitutes the retarder does not become large, and the reliability is not impaired. The purpose is to provide a retarder for

〓Structure of the invention〓 The present invention uses a flywheel that also serves as a rotor, and a stator is provided in the flywheel housing.The rotor and stator constitute a generator, and the In a retarder that absorbs work done from the outside as a braking force when the generator generates electricity using energy, and also converts the generated output of the generator into heat through a resistance and consumes it, The resistor that consumes the power generation output is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of a shroud provided to surround a cooling fan of the engine, and the resistor is forcibly cooled with air sent by the cooling fan. A retarder for an automobile, characterized in that:
This allows the resistor to be small and compact despite being air-cooled.

〓Example〓 The present invention will be described below with reference to an illustrated example.
FIG. 1 shows an engine 1 equipped with a retarder according to this embodiment. This engine 1 is comprised of, for example, a diesel engine for trucks, and a flywheel housing 2 is provided on the back side of this engine 1. A stator case 8 of an inductor type generator, which will be described later, is attached to the upper and lower sides of the housing 2. Furthermore, a transmission 5 is arranged on the back side of the flywheel housing 2, and is configured to change the rotation speed of the engine 1 to an appropriate value and transmit it to the drive wheels via the propeller shaft 6. .

Next, the structure of the retarder provided in this engine 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. The inductor magnetic poles 7 are provided at predetermined pitches along the circumferential direction. The flywheel 4 provided with the inductor magnetic poles 7 constitutes a rotor of an inductor type generator, and this generator constitutes a retarder of an automobile.

Cases 8 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the housing 2, and a stator of an inductor type generator is housed within these cases 8. As shown in FIG. 3, this stator includes a plurality of pole cores 9 arranged in the circumferential direction of the flywheel 4. The lower end of the pole core 9 faces the inductor magnetic pole 7 via a small air gap, and
Its upper end is connected to the case 8 via the stator yoke 10.
is fixed to the cover plate. An armature coil 11 and a field coil 12 are wound around the pole core 9, respectively. Note that the armature coil 11 is wound around two pole cores 9, whereas the field coil 12 is wound around each pole core 9 one at a time. and field coil 12
is connected to a battery 14 via a controller 13, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the armature coil 11 is connected to a load resistor 15.

Next, the configuration for cooling the load resistor 15 will be explained.
As shown in the figure, a radiator 16 is provided, and this radiator 16 cools the engine cooling water. A cooling fan 17 is arranged between the radiator 16 and the engine 1. This fan 17 is driven by the output of the engine 1. The cooling fan 17 is disposed within a cylindrical fan shroud 18 attached to the back side of the radiator 16.

As shown in FIG. 4, the load resistor 15 is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the fan shroud 18 along the circumferential direction. The load resistor 15 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the fan shroud 18 along the circumferential direction in a bent state. Both ends of the load resistor 15 are connected to a terminal 19, and this terminal 19 is connected to the armature coil 11.

Next, the operation of the retarder for this automobile configured as described above will be explained. For example, when a car equipped with this retarder goes down a long slope, the retarder switch installed in the driver's seat is turned on. Then, current flows from the battery 14 to the field coil 12 of the inductor type generator via the controller 13 shown in FIG. 2, and the coil 12 is excited. As shown in FIG. 3, the field coil 12 magnetizes two pole cores 9 in opposite directions, and a pair of pole cores 9 around which a common armature coil 11 is wound have different polarities. It becomes magnetized like this. Therefore, at a certain moment, a magnetic circuit 27 as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3 is formed, and when the flywheel 4 rotates and the inductor magnetic pole 7 moves by an angle corresponding to the pitch of the pole core 9, A magnetic circuit 28 as shown by the chain line in FIG. 3 is formed.

The magnetic flux passing through these magnetic circuits 27 and 28 is linked to the armature coil 11 and is divided into two parts.
The directions of the magnetic flux passing through the two magnetic circuits 27 and 28 are reversed. Therefore, an electromotive force is induced in the armature coil 11 by this change in magnetic flux,
This inductor type generator generates electricity.
This means that the engine 1 or the vehicle drives the flywheel 4, and the work done from the outside at this time is absorbed as braking force. Therefore, the vehicle receives a braking force due to the power generation of this inductor type generator, and is decelerated.

The armature coil 11 of this inductor type generator is the fourth
As shown in the figure, a load resistor 15 is attached to the inside of the fan shroud 18 via terminals 19.
Since the retarder is connected to the load resistor 15, the power generated when the retarder generates braking force is converted into heat by the load resistor 15.
The heat generated in the load resistor 15 is cooled by the air that is forcibly passed through the fan shroud 18 by the cooling fan 17, and the load resistor 15 radiates the heat. This therefore makes it possible to prevent heating of the load resistor 15 and prevent its damage.

As described above, according to the automobile retarder according to the present embodiment, the output of the generator constituting the retarder is consumed by the load resistor 15, and this load resistor 15 is connected to the cooling fan. 1
Since the cooling fan 17 is installed in the fan shroud 18 of the cooling fan 17, it is possible to obtain a sufficient amount of air even though it is air-cooled. Therefore, there is no need to excessively increase the size of the load resistor 15, and the resistor can be configured compactly. Further, the load resistor 15 according to this embodiment is
Since it is forcibly cooled by air using the cooling fan 17 and not cooled by water, the life of the load resistor 15 may be shortened due to contact with water and erosion of its surface. This allows a highly reliable retarder to be provided.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to an illustrated embodiment,
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the load resistor 15 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the fan shroud 18 on the outlet side, but this load resistor 15 is attached to the fan shroud 18 at a position intermediate between the radiator 16 and the fan 17. You can do it like this.

〓Effect of the invention〓 As described above, the present invention provides a retarder in which the output of a generator is converted into heat and consumed by a resistor, in which the resistor that consumes the generated output is surrounded by an engine cooling fan. The resistor is placed on the inner circumferential surface of the shroud, and the resistor is forcibly cooled by air sent by the cooling fan. Therefore, according to the present invention, since a sufficient air volume can be obtained, the resistor can be constructed compactly, and furthermore, it is possible to prevent erosion of the resistor by water and extend its life.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view of essential parts of an engine equipped with a retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an external perspective view showing the retarder installed in the engine, and Fig. 3 is a stator of the retarder. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing how a resistor that consumes the output of the retarder is installed. In addition, in the symbols used in the drawings, 1...engine, 2...flywheel housing, 3...crankshaft, 4...flywheel, 5...
Transmission, 6...Propeller shaft,
7... Inductor magnetic pole, 8... Case, 9... Pole core, 10... Stator yoke, 11... Armature coil, 12... Field coil, 13... Controller, 14... Battery, 15... ...Load resistance, 16
...Radiator, 17...Cooling fan, 18...
... Fan shield loud, 19 ... Terminal, 27 ... Magnetic circuit (dotted line), 28 ... Magnetic circuit (chain line).

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] The flywheel 4 also serves as a rotor, and the flywheel housing 2 is provided with a stator, and these rotors and stators constitute a generator, which is used to drive a vehicle. A retarder that absorbs work done from the outside as braking force when the generator generates electricity using running energy, and converts the generated output of the generator into heat through a resistor 15 for consumption. The resistor 15 that consumes the power generation output is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of a shroud 18 that is provided to surround the cooling fan 17 of the engine 1, and the resistor 15 that consumes the power generation output is forced by the air sent by the cooling fan 17. A retarder for an automobile, characterized in that the resistor 15 is cooled down.